CN108467473A - 一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法,包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚75‑85份、聚醚多元醇15‑25份、三氯乙基磷酸脂5‑7份、三乙烯二胺2‑3份、水3‑4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1‑2份、硅灰石粉25‑50份、氧化钼1‑1.5份、磷酸三丁酯1‑2份、异辛酸锌1‑2份、1,2丙二醇1‑8份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯10‑31份、多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯10‑30份,由A料和B料经过混合、浇注、反应、熟化制成,腰果酚聚醚作为一种天然产物,其原料来源可基于天然植物,使得其代替以石油为基础的酚更加环保。且通过腰果酚聚醚等原料制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其压缩强度高、导热系数优、表面光洁度好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及泡沫材料技术领域,具体涉及一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法。
背景技术
硬质聚氨酯泡沫具有绝热效果好,比强度大,电学性能、耐化学药品以及隔音效果优越等特点,广泛用作绝热保温材料、结构材料以及仿木材料等。因为其卓越的隔热性能和灵活的施工方式,硬质聚氨酯泡沫已涉及建筑、石油化工、家电等各个领域。一般分为浇筑型和喷涂型,其中喷涂型聚氨酯硬泡适合于形状复杂,难以浇筑成型的现场施工条件,在建筑外墙保温、船体保温以及各种冷库保温方面被广泛应用。
聚氨酯由于其自身的众多优点,发展极为迅速,作为聚氨酯重要成分聚醚多元醇也随之得到发展,很多是以多元醇或有机胺为起始剂与环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷反应制得的聚醚多元醇得到了很好的发展,但是传统的聚醚多元醇基本上都是从石油化学品衍生品和或其反应得到的,随着对石油这种不可再生资源的需求的增长和资源本身的枯竭,石油价格不断刷新记录。同时随着人们对可再生资源的意识逐步增强,一些来源于天然的植物油作为石油衍生物的替代品越来越受到人们的重视。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明目的是提供一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚75-85份、聚醚多元醇15-25份、三氯乙基磷酸脂5-7份、三乙烯二胺2-3份、水3-4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1-2份、硅灰石粉25-50份、氧化钼1-1.5份、磷酸三丁酯1-2份、异辛酸锌1-2份、1,2丙二醇1-8份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯10-31份、多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯10-30份。
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将A料各原料混合倒入搅拌机,以260-380转/分的转速,在常温下搅拌20-30分钟,静置5分钟,得到浆料;
2)再将B料加入步骤1)所得浆料中,然后以200-300转/分搅拌30-45秒得到混合浆料;
3)将步骤2)所得混合浆料浇注到模具中自由发泡,获得模坯;
4)连同模具一起将模坯送入隧道式烘箱中,分段升温:40-45℃下,反应15-25分钟;再在55-65℃下,反应10-15分钟;再在75-85℃下,反应5-10分钟;
5)最后在90-100℃下熟化5-7小时,即可。
进一步的,所述聚醚多元醇为GR4110型聚醚多元醇。
进一步的,所述多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯为PM-200型亚甲基多异氰酸酯。
进一步的,步骤3)中混合浆料在模具中自由发泡50-70分钟。
进一步的,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚80份、聚醚多元醇20份、三氯乙基磷酸脂6份、三乙烯二胺2.5份、水3.5份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份、硅灰石粉35份、氧化钼1.2份、磷酸三丁酯1.5份、异辛酸锌1.5份、1,2丙二醇5份。
进一步的,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯20份、多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯20份。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明提供一种以腰果酚聚醚等原料制备聚氨酯硬质泡沫的方法。腰果酚聚醚作为一种天然产物,其原料来源可基于天然植物,使得其代替以石油为基础的酚更加环保。且通过腰果酚聚醚等原料制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其压缩强度高、导热系数优、表面光洁度好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚75份、GR4110型聚醚多元醇15份、三氯乙基磷酸脂5份、三乙烯二胺2份、水3份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1份、硅灰石粉25份、氧化钼1份、磷酸三丁酯1份、异辛酸锌1份、1,2丙二醇1份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯10份、PM-200型亚甲基多异氰酸酯10份。
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将A料各原料混合倒入搅拌机,以260转/分的转速,在常温下搅拌20分钟,静置5分钟,得到浆料;
2)再将B料加入步骤1)所得浆料中,然后以200转/分搅拌30秒得到混合浆料;
3)将步骤2)所得混合浆料浇注到模具中自由发泡,获得模坯;混合浆料在模具中自由发泡50分钟;
4)连同模具一起将模坯送入隧道式烘箱中,分段升温:40℃下,反应15分钟;再在55℃下,反应10分钟;再在75℃下,反应5分钟;
5)最后在90℃下熟化5小时,即可。
实施例2
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚85份、GR4110型聚醚多元醇25份、三氯乙基磷酸脂7份、三乙烯二胺3份、水4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡2份、硅灰石粉50份、氧化钼1.5份、磷酸三丁酯2份、异辛酸锌2份、1,2丙二醇8份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯31份、PM-200型亚甲基多异氰酸酯30份。
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将A料各原料混合倒入搅拌机,以380转/分的转速,在常温下搅拌30分钟,静置5分钟,得到浆料;
2)再将B料加入步骤1)所得浆料中,然后以300转/分搅拌0-45秒得到混合浆料;
3)将步骤2)所得混合浆料浇注到模具中自由发泡,获得模坯;混合浆料在模具中自由发泡70分钟;
4)连同模具一起将模坯送入隧道式烘箱中,分段升温:-45℃下,反应25分钟;再在65℃下,反应15分钟;再在85℃下,反应10分钟;
5)最后在100℃下熟化7小时,即可。
实施例3
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,:一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚80份、GR4110型聚醚多元醇20份、三氯乙基磷酸脂6份、三乙烯二胺2.5份、水3.5份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份、硅灰石粉35份、氧化钼1.2份、磷酸三丁酯1.5份、异辛酸锌1.5份、1,2丙二醇5份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯20份、PM-200型亚甲基多异氰酸酯20份。
一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将A料各原料混合倒入搅拌机,以320转/分的转速,在常温下搅拌25分钟,静置5分钟,得到浆料;
2)再将B料加入步骤1)所得浆料中,然后以250转/分搅拌40秒得到混合浆料;
3)将步骤2)所得混合浆料浇注到模具中自由发泡,获得模坯;混合浆料在模具中自由发泡60分钟;
4)连同模具一起将模坯送入隧道式烘箱中,分段升温:42℃下,反应20分钟;再在62℃下,反应12分钟;再在80℃下,反应9分钟;
5)最后在95℃下熟化6小时,即可。
实验例:
实验对象:挑选3组形状、大小、尺寸相同的聚氨酯硬质泡沫。每组10块。
实验方法:其中给A组为普通聚氨酯硬质泡沫,给B组为聚氨酯硬质泡沫,给C组为本发明的天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,方便在相同条件下测试其压缩强度、导热系数、表面光洁度,如下表1。
结合上表1,对比三组不同的实验对象在同样的试验时间中所得数据,结果表明,使用本申请天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫压缩强度高、导热系数优、表面光洁度好。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明提供一种以腰果酚聚醚等原料制备聚氨酯硬质泡沫的方法。腰果酚聚醚作为一种天然产物,其原料来源可基于天然植物,使得其代替以石油为基础的酚更加环保。 且通过腰果酚聚醚等原料制备的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其压缩强度高、导热系数优、表面光洁度好。
当然,以上只是本发明的典型实例,除此之外,本发明还可以有其它多种具体实施方式,凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案,均落在本发明要求保护的范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:包括A料和B料,所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚75-85份、聚醚多元醇15-25份、三氯乙基磷酸脂5-7份、三乙烯二胺2-3份、水3-4份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1-2份、硅灰石粉25-50份、氧化钼1-1.5份、磷酸三丁酯1-2份、异辛酸锌1-2份、1,2丙二醇1-8份,所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯10-31份、多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯10-30份。
2.一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)将A料各原料混合倒入搅拌机,以260-380转/分的转速,在常温下搅拌20-30分钟,静置5分钟,得到浆料;
2)再将B料加入步骤1)所得浆料中,然后以200-300转/分搅拌30-45秒得到混合浆料;
3)将步骤2)所得混合浆料浇注到模具中自由发泡,获得模坯;
4)连同模具一起将模坯送入隧道式烘箱中,分段升温:40-45℃下,反应15-25分钟;再在55-65℃下,反应10-15分钟;再在75-85℃下,反应5-10分钟;
5)最后在90-100℃下熟化5-7小时,即可。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:所述聚醚多元醇为GR4110型聚醚多元醇。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:所述多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯为PM-200型亚甲基多异氰酸酯。
5.如权利要求2所述的一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中混合浆料在模具中自由发泡50-70分钟。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:所述A料包括:腰果酚聚醚80份、聚醚多元醇20份、三氯乙基磷酸脂6份、三乙烯二胺2.5份、水3.5份、二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份、硅灰石粉35份、氧化钼1.2份、磷酸三丁酯1.5份、异辛酸锌1.5份、1,2丙二醇5份。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种天然油脂为原料的聚氨酯硬质泡沫,其特征在于:所述B料包括:六亚甲基二异氰酸酯20份、多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯20份。
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