CN108457791B - 混合动力模块、混合动力单元和机动车辆以及内燃发动机的起动方法 - Google Patents

混合动力模块、混合动力单元和机动车辆以及内燃发动机的起动方法 Download PDF

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CN108457791B
CN108457791B CN201810140556.9A CN201810140556A CN108457791B CN 108457791 B CN108457791 B CN 108457791B CN 201810140556 A CN201810140556 A CN 201810140556A CN 108457791 B CN108457791 B CN 108457791B
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torque
internal combustion
combustion engine
starting
hybrid module
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CN108457791A (zh
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赖纳·基恩
莫里茨·克劳斯·施普林格
克里斯蒂安·多隆
马丁·卢茨
格奥尔格·卢文
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K6/485—Motor-assist type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/003—Starting of engines by means of electric motors said electric motor being also used as a drive for auxiliaries, e.g. for driving transmission pumps or fuel pumps during engine stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
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    • F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
    • F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H9/04—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using belts, V-belts, or ropes
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
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  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于设置在内燃发动机(11)上的混合动力模块(13)，该混合动力模块(13)配置成用于起动内燃发动机(11)。混合动力模块13包含用于产生扭矩的电动马达(21)和以扭矩传递的方式连接到电动马达(21)并定位在输出轴(18)上的输出元件(23)，输出元件(23)用于将扭矩传递到内燃发动机(11)的曲轴。根据本发明，混合动力模块(13)具有磁力传动装置(20)，其中电动马达(21)的扭矩可以经由磁力传动装置传递到输出元件(23)。

Description

混合动力模块、混合动力单元和机动车辆以及内燃发动机的 起动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种配置用于起动内燃发动机的混合动力模块，该混合动力模块与内燃发动机一起形成混合动力单元并且该混合动力单元优选设置在机动车辆中。本发明还涉及一种起动方法，在该起动方法中，内燃发动机通过混合动力模块起动。
背景技术
DE102010010268A1公开了一种用于机动车辆的混合动力传动系统，其具有内燃发动机、停止-起动自动系统、电机和用于起动内燃发动机的起动装置。起动装置具有三相马达形式的起动马达和具有小齿轮的驱动轴。内燃发动机的曲轴还具有起动链轮。为了起动内燃发动机，从小齿轮向起动链轮进行力的传递。包含小齿轮和起动链轮的齿轮对的传动比处于30至50的范围内，并且起动装置和电机的供电电压的电压电平大体上相同。为了起动内燃发动机，控制起动装置的三相马达的电流，使得在起动内燃发动机期间，小齿轮的齿总是抵靠起动链轮的齿的以起动方向定向的侧面而不是与起动方向相反定向的侧面。
此外，现有技术中磁力传动装置是已知的。DE 4405701A1因此示出了具有磁力相互作用并且相对于彼此可移动的几个部件的磁力传动装置，其中一个部件连接到驱动轴，一个部件连接到输出轴并且一个部件被固定，由永磁体产生的磁场由软磁的导流部件调整，其中至少一个部件是齿形铁轭。通过永磁体在面向铁轭的一侧产生磁场的结构位于铁轭的两侧，磁场具有沿周向交替地北极和南极。该结构在一侧具有p1对北极和南极，面向该结构铁轭的一侧具有Z1＝p1±N个齿，并且N是整数。该结构在另一侧具有p2对北极和南极，面向该结构的铁轭的一侧上具有Z2＝p2±M个齿，M是整数且M等于N。
发明内容
本发明所基于的目的是提供一种用于起动内燃发动机的改进的混合动力模块。
该目的通过根据下文所述的混合动力模块混合动力单元、机动车辆以及起动方法来实现。本发明的有利的进一步发展也在下列说明中指出。
根据本发明的混合动力模块被配置为布置在内燃发动机上并用于起动内燃发动机。混合动力模块包含用于产生扭矩的电动马达和以扭矩传递的方式连接到电动马达并定位在输出轴上的输出元件，输出元件用于将扭矩传递到内燃发动机的曲轴。根据本发明，混合动力模块具有磁力传动装置，其中电动马达的扭矩可以经由磁力传动装置传递到输出元件。
因此能够有利地利用混合动力模块的电动马达起动内燃发动机。可以省略单独的起动器，从而降低成本和重量。磁力传动装置具有高水平效率、具有过载保护功能、基本上不需要润滑、运行具有非常低水平的噪音且无磨损。
在根据本发明的混合动力模块的一有利的构造中，磁力传动装置相对于输出轴居中地设置。
因此，磁力传动装置可以直接作用于曲轴上，而不需要另外的机器部件(例如齿轮等)。由此允许紧凑且轻量化设计。
在根据本发明的混合动力模块的另一有利构造中，磁力传动装置具有第一级和第二级，第一级具有第一传动比，第二级具有不同于第一传动比的第二传动比。
因此有利地使得能够以两种不同的传动比使用电动马达的扭矩。
在根据本发明的混合动力模块的另一有利构造中，第一级的传动比是减速比。特别地，减速比是1：3。
由电动马达产生的扭矩因此增加并且转速是降低。可以克服曲柄传动机构的增加的起动扭矩。
在根据本发明的混合动力模块的另一有利构造中，第二级具有1：1的传动比。
因此比第一级更高的转速是可获得的。第二级可以有利地用于曲柄传动机构的不增加的起动扭矩的情况，因为较高的转速有利于内燃发动机的起动性能。
根据本发明的混合动力模块优选地集成进也具有内燃发动机的混合动力单元中。混合动力模块以这种方式连接到内燃发动机上，使得输出轴与设置内燃发动机的曲轴的曲轴轴相同。混合动力单元又优选地集成进机动车辆中。混合动力单元被配置为执行根据本发明的起动方法。
混合动力模块的优点因此有益于混合动力单元和机动车辆。
在根据本发明的起动方法的情况下，以下述方式启动内燃发动机：在电动马达运转中通过电动马达产生扭矩并且扭矩被传递到内燃发动机的曲轴。根据本发明，扭矩借助于磁力传动装置根据在确定过程中确定的参数来修改。
结果，可以对不同的条件作出反应，并且可以容易且快速地调整用于起动内燃发动机的电动马达所产生的扭矩。
在根据本发明的起动方法的一有利设计中，在确定过程中确定内燃发动机的曲柄传动机构的起动扭矩。这里，如果在测试中确定起动扭矩具有特定值，则在第一磁力传动操作中扭矩增大。
结果，克服了曲柄传动机构的起动扭矩的增加。
在根据本发明的起动方法的另一有利设计中，如果在测试中确定起动扭矩低于特定值，则在第二磁力传动操作中维持扭矩。
结果，内燃发动机能够以比第一级更高的转速起动。
在根据本发明的起动方法的一有利的设计中，为了确定起动扭矩，温度被测量并基于该温度确定起动扭矩。
结果，由于可以使用例如已经存在的用于冷却的流体的温度传感器，因此可以简化起动扭矩的确定。
附图说明
从详细描述和说明中，本发明的其他优点是显而易见的。将基于附图和以下描述更详细地解释本发明。在附图中：
图1以示例性构造示出了根据本发明的机动车辆；
图2以示例性配置示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块；以及
图3以示例性设计示出了根据本发明的起动方法。
具体实施方式
在图1中，示意性地示出了根据本发明的机动车辆10的一个示例性构造中。特别地，机动车辆10配置为轻度混合动力构造并且具有混合动力单元12。混合动力单元12除了内燃发动机11之外还包含具有电动马达21的混合动力模块13。在这种情况下，内燃发动机11是带曲柄传动机构的往复式活塞发动机。这里特别地，电动马达21配置为也作为发电机运行。混合动力单元12配置为驱动机动车辆10。为此，混合动力单元12连接到传动系统14，传动系统14将由混合动力单元12供应的动力传输到机动车辆10的至少一个车轮17上。传动系统14特别具有离合器15以及变速器16。离合器15配置为交替地连接和分离变速器16和混合动力单元12。在这种情况下如果变速器16被配置为手动变速器，则离合器15例如可以是起动离合器，或如果变速器配置为自动变速器或无级变速器，则离合器15可以例如是变矩器。离合器15也可以集成到变速器16中。
在图2中示出了根据本发明的混合动力模块13的示例性构造。混合动力模块13配置为安装在内燃发动机11上。混合动力模块13配置为在混合动力模块13安装到内燃发动机11上的状态下起动内燃发动机11。为此，混合动力模块13配置为通过电动马达21产生扭矩并且将扭矩传递给内燃发动机11的曲柄传动机构的曲轴。混合动力模块13具有输出元件23，该输出元件23定位在输出轴18中。输出元件23可以是例如皮带轮、齿轮、环或轮毂。混合动力模块13的输出轴18在其安装在内燃发动机11上的状态下与内燃发动机11的曲轴的曲轴轴相同。
电动马达21可以设置在特别是平行于输出轴18对齐的电动马达轴19中。由电动马达21产生的扭矩的传递例如经由皮带传动机构22进行。
根据本发明，混合动力模块13包含磁力传动装置20。磁力传动装置20优选地具有两个级。磁力传动装置20优选地以能够在第一级和第二级中运行的方式构造。磁力传动装置20在第一级具有与第二级不同的传动比。特别地，在第一级中以减小的方式构造磁力传动装置20，特别是减速比为1：3。在第二级，传动比特别是1：1。磁力传动装置20优选地设置在输出轴18中。输出元件23可以是磁力传动装置20的一部分。
在图3中，根据本发明的起动方法以从起动41到结束48的示例性设计来表示。在根据本发明的起动方法40的情况下，内燃发动机11由混合动力模块13的操作优选地起动。此时，电动马达21在电动马达运转45中运行，并且利用电动马达21产生扭矩，该扭矩被传递到内燃发动机11的曲轴。
根据本发明，由电动马达21产生的扭矩的传递被配置为根据参数进行。参数在确定过程42中被确定并且可以在随后的测试43中与预定的设定点值进行比较。根据参数的测试43的结果，可以增加或维持由电动马达21产生的用于启动内燃发动机11的扭矩。
由电动马达21产生的扭矩的增加是通过在转速降低并且扭矩增加的情况下的减少来实现的。为此，磁力传动装置20在第一磁力传动操作44中在第一级运行。
由电动马达21产生的扭矩的维持是通过变速器不增加或不减少来实现的。为此，磁力传动装置20在第二磁力传动操作46中在第二级运行。
确定的参数可以直接测量、计算或假设。确定的参数优选地是内燃发动机11的曲柄传动机构的起动扭矩。例如，这可以通过温度的测量来间接地确定，如果低于预定的阈值温度，则认为起动扭矩增加。例如，可以测量内燃发动机11的冷却流体的温度。也可以测量外部温度。
起动扭矩也可以由其他值确定，例如一段时间。因此，如果最后的发动机起动是某个时间段之前，则也可以认为起动扭矩增加。
此外，由于电动马达21在第二磁力传动操作46期间被操作并且不会造成曲轴移动，因此可以确定起动扭矩增加。
在起动扭矩增加情况下，执行第一磁力传动操作44并且增加由电动马达21产生的扭矩。在不增加起动扭矩的情况下，执行第二磁力传动操作46并维持扭矩。可选地，可以从第一磁力传动操作44开始，且然后转换到第二磁力传动操作46。因此实现了在起动时可获得增加的扭矩，并且稍后可获得更高的转速。在图3中以这种方式表示。
内燃发动机11启动之后，执行电动马达停止47，同时起动方法40终止。
虽然已经通过优选的配置示例和示例性实施例进一步详细地图示和描述了本发明，但是本发明不受所公开的示例的限制，并且本领域技术人员可以从中推导出其他变体而不背离本发明的保护范围。
这些附图在每个细节上并不一定准确且符合比例尺的，并且为了更好地概览可以以放大或缩小的形式表示。因此，这里公开的功能细节不应该以限制的方式来理解，而应该仅作为向本领域的技术人员提供说明的说明性的基础，以便以各种方式使用本发明。
附图标记列表
10 机动车辆
11 内燃发动机
12 混合动力单元
13 混合动力模块
14 传动系统
15 离合器
16 变速器
17 车轮
18 输出轴
19 电动马达轴
20 磁力传动装置
21 电动马达
22 皮带传动机构
23 输出元件
40 起动方法
41 起动
42 确定过程
43 测试
44 第一次磁力传动操作
45 电动马达运转
46 第二次磁力传动操作
47 电动马达停止
48 结束

Claims (12)

1.一种混合动力模块(13)，所述混合动力模块(13)用于设置在内燃发动机(11)上并配置成用于起动所述内燃发动机(11)，所述混合动力模块(13)包含用于产生扭矩的电动马达(21)、输出轴(18)和以扭矩传递的方式连接到所述电动马达(21)并且定位在输出轴(18)上的输出元件(23)，所述输出元件(23)用于将所述扭矩传递到所述内燃发动机(11)的曲轴，其中所述混合动力模块(13)具有磁力传动装置(20)，所述磁力传动装置(20)包括所述输出元件(23)，并且所述电动马达(21)的所述扭矩可以经由所述磁力传动装置传递到所述输出元件(23)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力模块(13)，其中所述磁力传动装置(20)相对于所述输出轴(18)居中地设置。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的混合动力模块(13)，其中所述磁力传动装置(20)具有第一级和第二级，所述第一级具有第一传动比，所述第二级具有不同于所述第一传动比的第二传动比。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力模块(13)，其中所述第一级的所述传动比是减速比。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力模块(13)，其中所述减速比是1:3。
6.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力模块(13)，其中所述第二级具有1：1的传动比。
7.一种混合动力单元(12)，具有内燃发动机(11)和根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的连接到所述内燃发动机(11)的混合动力模块(13)。
8.一种机动车辆(10)，具有根据前述权利要求所述的混合动力单元(12)。
9.一种起动方法(40)，在所述起动方法(40)中以下述方式起动内燃发动机(11)：在电动马达运转(45)中通过电动马达(21)产生扭矩并且所述扭矩被传递到所述内燃发动机(11)的曲轴，其中所述扭矩借助于磁力传动装置(20)根据所述内燃发动机(11)的曲柄传动机构的起动扭矩来修改。
10.根据权利要求9所述的起动方法(40)，其中如果在测试(43)中确定所述起动扭矩具有特定值，则所述扭矩在第一磁力传动操作(44)中增大。
11.根据权利要求10所述的起动方法(40)，其中如果在所述测试(43)中确定所述起动扭矩低于所述特定值，则在第二磁力传动操作(46)中维持所述扭矩。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的起动方法(40)，其中为了确定所述起动扭矩，温度被测量并且基于所述温度确定所述起动扭矩。
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US20180238291A1 (en) 2018-08-23

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