CN108457241B - Ecological waterproof permeability-reducing method for artificial lake of saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Ecological waterproof permeability-reducing method for artificial lake of saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 91
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological waterproof permeability-reducing method for an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps: step 1, dividing the whole area into a first aquatic plant planting area, a second aquatic plant planting area and a land slope protection area from low to high, step 2, tamping the lakebottom plain soil to form a lakebottom plain soil tamping layer with the compactness of not less than 93% according to the thickness of 300mm, step 3, paving an anti-soil-repellent cured layer on the lakebottom plain soil tamping layer, wherein the anti-soil-repellent cured layer is formed by adding C444 and SD anti-soil-repellent cured materials into plain soil, and step 4, paving 400-600g/m on the anti-soil-repellent cured layer 2 The method comprises the steps of (1) forming a geotextile layer, step 5, paving clay on the geotextile layer, paving a layer of clay according to the thickness of 300mm to form a clay layer, and step 6, paving a planting soil covering layer on the clay layer. The whole method has the advantages that: the method has the advantages of double infiltration reduction, stability, strong ecological operability, simple working procedure, low manufacturing cost and harmony with nature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alkali isolation construction treatment of saline-alkali soil, and particularly relates to an ecological waterproof and permeability-reducing method for an artificial lake of the saline-alkali soil.
Background
Analysis of ecological construction of artificial lakes in China shows that the process design and the method of the whole ecological system of the artificial lakes have mature frames and steps, but the traditional waterproof and permeability-reducing technology of the artificial lakes mainly aims at completely isolating the underground of the saline-alkali soil in terms of ecological damage caused by hydrogeology and maintenance of corresponding waterproof and permeability-reducing measures, and the balance of the ecological system of the artificial lakes can not be substantially solved although the problem of water quality in the lakes is solved. Therefore, how to research the waterproof and permeability-reducing technology of the artificial lake in a targeted manner under the condition of not affecting the ecological environment of the artificial lake, so that the technology has certain ecology and is a key for ensuring the health of the ecological system of the artificial lake.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an ecological waterproof infiltration-reducing method for an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil, which can effectively prevent the alkali from being reversed at the bottom of the lake and has an isolation effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ecological waterproof and permeability-reducing method for an artificial lake of a saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the whole area into a first aquatic plant planting area, a second aquatic plant planting area and a land slope protection area from low to high in sequence, wherein the first aquatic plant planting area, the second aquatic plant planting area and the land slope protection area comprise a lake bottom soil ramming layer, an anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer, a geotechnical cloth layer, a clay layer and a planting soil covering layer from bottom to top in sequence, the lake bottom soil ramming layer is positioned at the upper end part of the land slope protection area, an element soil groove is excavated, the anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer and the geotechnical cloth layer sequentially extend and are laid in the element soil groove, pebbles are placed on the geotechnical cloth layer positioned in the element soil groove, the compaction height of the clay layer laid in the land slope protection area and extended to the clay layer is 100mm higher than a constant water level,
step 2, ramming the lakebottom plain soil to form a layer with the thickness of 300mm, ramming the lakebottom plain soil layer in layers, wherein the ramming compactness is more than or equal to 93 percent, forming a lakebottom plain soil ramming layer with the compactness not less than 93 percent,
step 3, paving an anti-oleophobic soil solidified layer on the lake bottom plain soil rammed layer, wherein the anti-oleophobic soil solidified layer is formed by adding C444 and SD anti-oleophobic soil solidified materials into plain soil,
step 4, paving 400-600g/m on the soil solidified layer with resistance to hydrophobic force 2 The short fiber geotextile of (2) forms a geotextile layer,
step 5, clay is paved on the geotechnical cloth layer, one layer of clay is paved according to the thickness of 300mm, a clay layer is formed,
and 6, laying a planting soil covering layer on the clay layer.
The plain soil in the soil solidifying layer is loess, the plasticity index of the loess is not less than 15, the mass percentage of sulfate in the loess is more than 0.3% or the mass percentage of organic matters is more than 5%, and the rolling compactness is more than 96%; the dosage of the anti-hydrophobic curing material C444 solution in the anti-hydrophobic soil curing layer is 0.6L/m 2 m, the dosage is 0.8L/m 2 m, and sufficient water is adopted for dilution, so that sufficient mixing permeation is ensured; the dosage of the SD powder of the anti-lyophobic curing material in the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer is 20kg/m, the dosage is 20kg/m, SD is an organic powdery chemical substance, and the SD powder is covered on a carrier, so that the SD powder can further increase the protection of the treated soil, resist the softening effect of water, maintain the stability of the treated soil and increase the adhesive property of the soil property. SD prevents the treated soil from being immersed in water by closing the capillary, thereby eliminating swelling of the soil. Its composition has syneresis and long-lasting effect, and is usually half of the amount used for the entire depth and the other half of the amount used for the top 10cm of the embankment.
The thickness of the soil solidified layer with resistance to hydrophobic force is 250mm, and the permeability coefficient is 10 -7 cm/s。
The clay layer has a thickness of 300mm and a permeability coefficient of 10 -6 cm/s, the clay layer is a red clay layer.
The thickness of planting soil covering layer in first aquatic plant planting district is 300mm, and the thickness of planting soil covering layer in second aquatic plant planting district is 400mm.
The clay layers connected with the first aquatic plant planting area and the second aquatic plant planting area and the land slope protection area are made of plain concrete cushion layers for firmly laying stones, and the plain concrete cushion layers are C20 plain concrete cushion layers with the thickness of 100mm and the width of 300mm.
And the lap joint distance between adjacent geotechnical cloth in the geotechnical cloth layer is not less than 300mm.
The particle size of the pebbles is 100mm, and the particle size of the stones is 250-350mm.
The principle of the invention is as follows: the soil of the lake bottom is tamped, a soil solidifying layer resisting the dredging force is covered on the soil solidifying layer to strengthen the stable lake bottom, the soil work cloth and the clay layer are covered on the soil solidifying layer, and the surface layer is covered with planting soil, so that two seepage-reducing layers consisting of the soil solidifying layer resisting the dredging force and the clay layer are formed, the soil work cloth plays roles of isolation, reverse filtration and reinforcement, the anti-seepage and alkali-proof performances of the lake bottom are enhanced, and meanwhile, the ecological roles of the lake bottom and the underground can be maintained.
The ecological material used in the technology has the advantages that the clay has the water-swelling and water-retaining and seepage-proofing performance, has a certain effect on water quality purification, can continuously adsorb inorganic phosphide in water, avoids the eutrophication process of lakes to a certain extent, inhibits the growth of toxic algae, and avoids adverse effects on the environment. And secondly, an isolating layer formed by combining the anti-hydrophobic layer and geotextile is utilized to isolate the alkali from the bottom. The anti-lyophobic layer accelerates the natural process of petrifaction of the viscous soil through the physicochemical reaction of the anti-lyophobic material and the soil, changes the characteristics of the viscous soil so as to stabilize the soil and play a role in seepage prevention, the principle of the anti-lyophobic effect accords with the natural law, and the anti-lyophobic material C444 and SD are organic chemical substances, are water films adhered by fine particles of the soil and are used for destroying the sensitivity of the soil to water, and the anti-lyophobic material does not have negative effects on an ecological system of an artificial lake.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the double-layer permeability reducing effect is achieved, the clay layer (permeability coefficient is 10-6 cm/s) and the anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer (permeability coefficient is 10-7 cm/s) are combined into an upper impervious performance structure and a lower impervious performance structure, interaction with underground water and air flow is not completely isolated, and ecological communication between the upper and lower layers is guaranteed.
2. The stabilizing effect of the lake bottom is enhanced, and a two-layer stabilizing foundation of the lake bottom is formed by ramming plain soil and a soil solidifying layer resistant to dredging force.
3. Alkali prevention effect: the soil solidifying layer with the anti-dredging force and geotextile can isolate underground alkali reflection to a certain extent and can ensure the ventilation of the ground.
4. Ecological effects: the clay has an important effect on water quality purification, and continuously adsorbs inorganic phosphide in the water body, so that the oxygen enrichment process of lakes is avoided, and toxic algae growth is avoided. The method is beneficial to the recovery of local ecological systems, the development of wetland plant root systems and the growth of plants.
5. The effect of preventing surrounding surface water pollution: the revetment adopts a gentle slope mode, and the masonry pebbles are used for setting an aquatic plant planting area, and meanwhile saline-alkali resistant plants are planted on land slope protection, so that the effects of preventing surface water scouring and saline-alkali stagnation are achieved.
The whole method has the advantages that: the method has the advantages of double infiltration reduction, stability, strong ecological operability, simple working procedure, low manufacturing cost and harmony with nature.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the ecological waterproof and permeability-reducing method for the saline-alkali soil artificial lake of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1, dividing the whole area into a first aquatic plant planting area 1, a second aquatic plant planting area 2 and a land slope protection area 3 from low to high in sequence, wherein the first aquatic plant planting area 1, the second aquatic plant planting area 2 and the land slope protection area 3 comprise a lake bottom soil compacting layer 4, an anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer 5, a geotechnical cloth layer 6, a clay layer 7 and a planting soil covering layer 8 in sequence from bottom to top, the lake bottom soil compacting layer 4 is positioned at the upper end part of the land slope protection area 3, a soil groove 9 is excavated, the anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer 5 and the geotechnical cloth layer 6 extend in sequence and are paved in the soil groove 9, pebbles 10 are placed on the geotechnical cloth layers positioned in the soil groove 9, the clay layer 7 extends to a compaction height of the clay layer 100mm higher than the normal water level in the paving height of the land slope protection area 3,
submerged and floating leaf plants are planted on the first aquatic plant planting area 1, saline-alkali tolerant aquatic plants are planted on the second aquatic plant planting area 2 to improve water quality, saline-alkali tolerant land quilt plants are planted on the land slope protection area 3, in order to prevent surface water from flushing,
step 2, ramming the lakebottom plain soil to form a layer of rammed lakebottom plain soil with the compaction degree of more than or equal to 93 percent according to the thickness of each 300mm, forming a rammed lakebottom layer 4 with the compaction degree of not less than 93 percent,
step 3, paving an anti-oleophobic soil solidified layer 5 on the lake bottom plain soil rammed layer 4, wherein the anti-oleophobic soil solidified layer 5 is formed by adding C444 and SD anti-oleophobic soil solidified materials into plain soil,
step 4, paving 400-600g/m on the soil solidified layer 5 with resistance to hydrophobic force 2 Is used for forming the geotextile layer 6,
step 5, clay is paved on the geotechnical cloth layer 6, one layer of clay is paved according to the thickness of 300mm, a clay layer 7 is formed,
and 6, laying a planting soil covering layer 8 on the clay layer 7.
Preferably, the plain soil in the soil solidifying layer 5 is loess, the plasticity index of the loess is not less than 15, the mass percentage of sulfate in the loess is more than 0.3% or the mass percentage of organic matters is more than 5%, and the rolling compactness is more than 96%; the dosage of the solution of the anti-lyophobic curing material C444 in the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer 5 is 0.6L/m 2, and the dosage is 0.8L/m 2; the dosage of the SD powder of the anti-lyophobic curing material in the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer 5 is 20kg/m 2, the dosage is 20kg/m 2, the thickness of the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer 5 is 250mm, and the permeability coefficient is 10 -7 cm/s。
As a further preferable example, the clay layer 7 of the present example has a thickness of 300mm and a permeability coefficient of 10 -6 cm/s。
As a further preferable aspect, the thickness of the planting soil covering layer 8 in the first aquatic plant planting area is 300mm, and the thickness of the planting soil covering layer 8 in the second aquatic plant planting area is 400mm; the clay layers connected with the first aquatic plant planting area 1 and the second aquatic plant planting area 2 and the land slope protection area 3 are all made of plain concrete cushion layers 11, the stone blocks 12 are firmly laid, and the plain concrete cushion layers 11 are C20 plain concrete cushion layers with the thickness of 100mm and the width of 300mm.
As a further preferable aspect, the overlap distance between adjacent geotextiles in the geotextile layer 6 of the present embodiment is not less than 300mm; the pebbles 10 have a particle size of 100mm and the blocks 12 have a particle size of 250-350mm.
Specific application examples:
in the case of waterproof method of the bottom of a scenic lake in the south of a hotel and a guest building in the east camp, the area of the lake is 1300 square meters, the water depth is 1.5m, sandy soil in the area is easy to leak, and the salt alkalinity is also serious. The ecological method of the embodiment is adopted for treating the problems of seepage prevention and alkali prevention of the pool bottom: practice proves that the method can achieve ecological seepage prevention effect, meanwhile, the water quality is clear, and the aquatic plant growth effect is good.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail and with reference to the present invention, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ecological waterproof permeability-reducing method for the artificial lake of the saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, dividing the whole area into a first aquatic plant planting area (1), a second aquatic plant planting area (2) and a land slope protection area (3) from low to high in sequence, wherein the first aquatic plant planting area (1), the second aquatic plant planting area (2) and the land slope protection area (3) comprise a lake bottom soil compacting layer (4), an anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer (5), a geotechnical cloth layer (6), a clay layer (7) and a planting soil covering layer (8) from bottom to top in sequence, the lake bottom soil compacting layer (4) is arranged at the upper end part of the land slope protection area (3) and is excavated with a soil groove (9), the anti-hydrophobic soil solidifying layer (5) and the geotechnical cloth layer (6) extend and are paved in the soil groove (9) in sequence, pebbles (10) are placed on the geotechnical cloth layer positioned in the soil groove (9), the clay layer (7) extends to a compaction height of the clay layer in the land slope protection area (3) by 100mm,
step 2, ramming the lakebottom plain soil to form a layer of rammed lakebottom plain soil (4) with the compaction degree of not less than 93 percent according to the thickness of 300mm, and ramming the lakebottom plain soil layer in layers with the compaction degree of not less than 93 percent,
step 3, paving an anti-force soil solidifying layer (5) on the lake bottom plain soil ramming layer (4), wherein the anti-force soil solidifying layer (5) is formed by adding C444 and SD anti-force soil solidifying materials into plain soil,
step 4, paving 400-600g/m on the soil solidified layer (5) with resistance to hydrophobic force 2 Forming a geotextile layer (6),
step 5, clay is paved on the geotechnical cloth layer (6) to form a clay layer (7) according to the paving thickness of 300mm,
and 6, laying a planting soil covering layer (8) on the clay layer (7).
2. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of the saline-alkali soil artificial lake according to claim 1, wherein plain soil in the soil solidified layer (5) resistant to the hydrophobic force is loess, the plasticity index of the loess is not less than 15, the mass percentage of sulfate in the loess is more than 0.3% or the mass percentage of organic matters is more than 5%, and the rolling compactness is more than 96%.
3. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of the artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the consumption of the solution of the anti-lyophobic curing material C444 in the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer (5) is 0.6L/m 3 The mixing amount is 0.8L/m 3 。
4. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of the artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the dosage of the SD powder of the anti-lyophobic curing material in the anti-lyophobic soil curing layer (5) is 20kg/m 3 The mixing amount is 20kg/m 3 。
5. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil solidified layer (5) resistant to the hydrophobic force is 250mm, and the permeability coefficient is 10 -7 cm/s。
6. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the clay layer (7) is 300mm, and the permeability coefficient is 10 -6 cm/s。
7. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reduction of an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the planting soil covering layer (8) in a first aquatic plant planting area is 300mm, and the thickness of the planting soil covering layer (8) in a second aquatic plant planting area is 400mm.
8. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of the saline-alkali soil artificial lake according to claim 1, wherein a concrete cushion layer (11) is adopted on clay layers connected with the first aquatic plant planting area (1) and the second aquatic plant planting area (2) and the land slope protection area (3) to firmly lay stones (12), and the concrete cushion layer (11) is a C20 concrete cushion layer with the thickness of 100mm and the width of 300mm.
9. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reducing of an artificial lake in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the overlapping distance between adjacent geotextiles in the geotextile layer (6) is not less than 300mm.
10. The method for ecologically waterproofing and permeability reduction in saline-alkali soil artificial lakes according to claim 8, characterized in that the particle size of the pebbles (10) is 100mm and the particle size of the stones (12) is 250-350mm.
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| CN109565987B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2021-08-27 | 安徽工程大学 | Sandy saline-alkali soil remediation device and remediation method thereof |
| CN110130274A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-16 | 广东古匠环保科技有限公司 | A kind of Trinity ecosystem seepage control system |
| CN111279832A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-16 | 王超 | Filling reclamation method for coal mining subsidence land |
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| CN108457241A (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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