CN217923356U - A gabion gabion revetment structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a gabion revetment structure relates to ecological revetment technical field, include: two stone cage retaining walls, a plant planting groove and underwater ecological anti-impact stones; the gabion retaining wall structure is sequentially paved with a plain soil rammer, a 100mm-150mm thick graded broken stone base layer, a trapezoidal gabion, a reinforced microphone mat top cover and an M5 cement mortar piled natural stone coping from bottom to top; the top of the gabion retaining wall adopts a reinforced microphone pad top cover, the cross section of the gabion retaining wall is trapezoidal, an inclined plane of the gabion retaining wall forms an included angle of 60-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and at least one layer of geotextile is laid on the inclined plane of the gabion retaining wall; the utility model discloses handle through the gabion barricade in water and land juncture, combine plant species to plant, the ecological revetment that the stone mounds formation nature formula is favorable to the reproduction of perching of vegetation and aquatic animal, still possesses good view effect simultaneously, has solved the problem that the structural stability of current gabion is poor, the form is pleasing to the eye not enough and the plant can not in time purify the water.

Description

A gabion gabion revetment structure

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological revetments, and more specifically relates to a gabion gabion revetment structure.

Background technique

Traditional river slope protection and water body revetment are mostly in the form of rigid structures such as concrete structure, dry masonry, prefabricated grid, etc. Although they can effectively maintain the stability of the bank slope, they will cause damage to the ecological environment of the river bank to a certain extent. People in the industry put forward the concept of "ecological river", that is, under the premise of ensuring the stability of the bank slope, the ecological slope protection technology is used to improve the ecological environment of the bank slope and realize the self-repair of the ecosystem. In the ecological slope protection technology, the gabion gabion net slope protection has strong adaptability, high flexibility, and the porous structure can effectively resist erosion. At the same time, the gap between the stones is filled with soil, which is conducive to plant growth, and the porous structure is also suitable for the habitat of organisms. Compared with other slope protection technologies, gabion slope protection has the advantages of stable structure, simple construction, low cost, good landscape and protection effect, long service life, etc. At the same time, it can also alleviate environmental pollution and increase biodiversity.

At present, the difficulties and problems existing in the revetment of gabion gabion nets are as follows:

(1) Structural stability issues: The combination of gabions has a certain impact on the stability, and at the same time, the local structure of the gabion nets will be damaged due to the loss of stones caused by water erosion.

(2) The problem of aesthetic appearance: the gabion gabion is a cuboid, and the linear design of the embankment is difficult to ensure the aesthetics. At the same time, the gabion exposed to the water surface will make the revetment appear stiff due to the lack of shelter from aquatic plants.

(3) Plant growth problem: There are two ways to plant plants on the existing gabion revetments: laying fiber mats and waiting for sedimentation. The method of laying fiber mats has high requirements for construction, and at the same time, it is difficult for plant growth to achieve the goal of purifying the water body, waiting for deposition The soil method lacks plants in the early stage, so it cannot purify the water body in time.

Utility model content

In view of this, the utility model provides a gabion gabion revetment structure, which is treated by the gabion retaining wall at the junction of the water body and the land, combined with planting and stone stacking to form a natural ecological revetment, which is beneficial to plant growth and The habitat and reproduction of aquatic animals also has a good landscape effect.

The utility model provides a gabion gabion revetment structure, which specifically includes two gabion retaining walls, plant planting grooves and underwater ecological anti-scouring stones; the gabion retaining wall structure is laid with plain soil in sequence from bottom to top Compacted, 100mm-150mm thick graded crushed stone base, trapezoidal gabion gabion, reinforced microphone pad top cover and M5 cement mortar stacked natural stones for topping; the top of the gabion retaining wall is reinforced microphone pad top cover, stone The cross-section of the cage retaining wall is trapezoidal, and its slope forms an included angle of 60°-80° with the horizontal plane. At least one layer of geotextile is laid on the slope of the gabion retaining wall; and emergent plants; the underwater ecological anti-scouring stones are horizontally distributed from the retaining wall to block stones, gravels and pebbles.

Further, the gabion retaining wall adopts heavy galvanized and plastic-coated hexagonal metal wire mesh, and the interior is filled with block stones and backfill soil; the two gabion retaining walls are the first gabion retaining wall and the second gabion retaining wall respectively. Gabion retaining wall.

Further, the second gabion retaining wall is embedded with a horizontal rainwater overflow pipe communicating with the drainage pipe for draining excess rainwater when the water level rises.

Further, the overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe is provided with a filter screen to prevent impurities from entering the rainwater overflow pipe and blocking or damaging the pipe in the drain pipe.

Further, the overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe is 100mm-150mm lower than the top surface of the second gabion retaining wall, and 400mm-500mm higher than the top of the culture substrate; the top of the second gabion retaining wall is planted with water-resistant plant.

Further, the thickness of the culture substrate is 300mm-450mm, and a pebble layer, a vermiculite layer, and a culture soil layer are laid sequentially from bottom to top.

Further, the culture soil layer is used together with a mixed matrix of pond mud and decomposed organic fertilizer at a ratio of 1:1-3, and is adjusted according to the cultivation requirements of different aquatic plants.

Further, the block stones are reinforced at the feet of the gabion retaining wall to prevent scour, and the gravel and pebbles are planted with submerged plants.

Further, the bottom ecological anti-scour stone part first compacts the soil at the foot protection of the first gabion retaining wall to form an "S"-shaped terrain, and the slope should be 0.2-0.4.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

Compared with the traditional gabion revetment structure, the utility model has the advantages of stable structure, beautiful appearance, good plant growth effect and high ecological benefit. The plant planting trough provides a stable environment for the growth of emergent plants, and the culture medium therein contains rich nutrients. The "S" shaped slope at the bottom of the water and the ecological anti-scour stone can slow down the water flow, enhance the stability of the gabion revetment, improve the rigid shape of the gabion revetment, and make it more natural; it provides a good growth environment for plants, which is conducive to The initial rooting of plants and the later stabilization improve the ecology and ornamental value of the revetment; create a suitable habitat for aquatic animals (such as fish, shrimp, amphibians), which is conducive to the construction of water ecosystems and the diversity of water ecosystems and the recovery of stability; in case of heavy rain, the water level rises to the height of the overflow pipe, and is discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe through the overflow pipe and drain pipe, so as to avoid the erosion of the land on the shore by the water flow.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the utility model gabion gabion ecological revetment laying.

Fig. 2 is the utility model water level and plant species distribution figure.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the planting tank of the present invention.

In the figure, the corresponding relationship between component names and drawing numbers is:

1. Plain soil compaction; 2. Crushed stone base; 3. Gabion retaining wall; 3-1. The first gabion retaining wall; 3-2. The second gabion retaining wall; 4. Reinforced microphone pad Top cover; 5. M5 cement mortar; 6. Geotextile; 7. Rainwater overflow pipe; 8. Drainage pipe; 9. Filter screen; 10. Culture medium; 10-1. Pebble layer; 10-2. Vermiculite layer ; 10-3, cultivated soil layer; 11, block stone; 12, gravel; 13, pebble; 14, water-resistant wet plant; 15, emergent plant; 16, submerged plant.

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" ", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integratively connected; it can be mechanically or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in specific situations.

Example:

As shown in accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 3:

The specific implementation of the 3 parts of the gabion retaining wall is as follows: first, clean up the sundries on the base, and remove the accumulated water in the foundation pit; then backfill the earth and tamp it with plain soil 1; lay a 100mm-150mm thick graded crushed stone base 2, grade The maximum particle size of mixed gravel should not exceed 37.5mm (square hole sieve). The gravel should not contain harmful substances such as clay blocks and plants. 96%. Then assemble the gabion net, install the gabion retaining wall 3 on the base, its cross section is trapezoidal, its inclined plane forms an angle of 60°-80° with the horizontal plane, the top adopts reinforced microphone pad top cover 4, reinforced microphone pad The top cover 4 is made of polypropylene geotechnical material and gabion net, and its structure is conducive to the stability of the plants on the top of the gabion net.

Gabion mesh material requirements for gabion retaining wall 3 and reinforced microphone mat top cover 4: steel wire is heavy galvanized and plastic coated, the amount of galvanizing is not less than 245g/m2, and the thickness of plastic coating is not less than 0.5mm; the tensile strength of steel wire The strength should not be lower than 350Mpa, the elongation should not be lower than 10%, and the mesh size should be 80*100mm.

Gabion retaining wall 3 filling stone requirements: stones should be lumpy rubble, the compressive strength should be greater than 30MPa, more than 80% of the stones should have a particle size of 150-300mm, and the remaining 20% should be small stones to fill in the gaps , The cage filling material should be 30-50mm higher than the top of the cage.

At least one layer of geotextile 6 is installed behind the gabion retaining wall 3, and the specification is 400g/m2, which plays the role of water permeability, water seepage, and filtration, reverse filtration.

During construction, the first gabion retaining wall 3-1 is installed first, and after filling this layer of stone materials, the original soil is backfilled behind the wall and in the gabion, and the graded crushed stone base 2 is laid after the soil behind the wall is tamped to keep the top of the base To the vertical distance 300mm-450mm at the top of the first gabion retaining wall 3-1, leave it as the depth of the planting groove; then install the second gabion retaining wall 3-2, and the first gabion retaining wall 3-2 The horizontal distance of 1 is controlled at 500mm-100mm, which is reserved as the width of the planting groove, and then this layer of stone material is filled and backfilled with native soil; finally, the top of the second gabion retaining wall 3-2 is topped with M5 cement mortar 5 stacked with natural stones. The coverage rate should be 50-75%, so as to ensure the beauty and provide space for plants to grow.

A horizontal rainwater overflow pipe 7 is embedded in the second gabion retaining wall 3-2, which is connected with the drainage pipe 8 under the land covering soil, and is used to remove excess rainwater when the water level rises, and prevents soil loss and water body damage caused by water flow scouring the land. Pollution. The overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe 7 is lower than the top surface of the second gabion retaining wall 3-2 by 100mm-150mm, and a filter screen 9 is arranged on the overflow port to prevent impurities from entering the rainwater overflow pipe 7 and the drainage pipe 8 to block or damage the pipe. The highest water level is equal to the overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe 7, 400mm-500mm higher than the top of the culture substrate 10, the normal water level is 200-300mm higher than the top surface of the culture substrate 10, and the lowest water level is 50-100mm higher than the top surface of the culture substrate 10 .

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, a kind of gabion gabion ecological revetment structure shown in accompanying drawing 3, the specific implementation mode of planting groove part is: after two gabion retaining walls 3 constructions are completed, in the groove A layer of 6 geotextiles is fixed on the bottom and sides, with a specification of 400g/m2. Then inwardly drop into culture substrate 10, the thickness is controlled at 300mm-450mm, and the top surface should be lower than the top height of the second gabion retaining wall 3-2 by 20-30mm.

Culture substrate 10 lays pebble layer 10-1 successively from bottom to top, vermiculite layer 10-2 and cultivation soil layer 10-3, pebble layer 10-1 thickness 100mm-150mm, particle diameter should be at 50mm-100mm, after laying pebbles, should Backfill the original soil to fill the gap between the stones; the vermiculite layer 10-2 has a thickness of 50mm-100mm, and the size of 5-8mm and 8-12mm particles are mixed. The vermiculite has good air permeability, strong water absorption, does not rot, and can also carry out ionization Exchange, enrich soil nutrition, reduce fertilizer input; cultivate soil layer 10-3 thickness not less than 150mm, use pond mud plus decomposed organic fertilizer mixed substrate at a ratio of 1:1-3, and can be used according to the cultivation needs of different aquatic plants Make adjustments.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of gabion gabion ecological revetment structure shown in accompanying drawing 2, the specific implementation mode of underwater ecological anti-scour stone part is: tamp the soil at the foot protection of the first gabion retaining wall 3-1, form " S"-shaped terrain, the slope should be 0.2-0.4, and then horizontally arrange block stones 11, gravels 12, and pebbles 13 outwards from the retaining wall.

Block stone 11 is reinforced and anti-scour at the gabion retaining wall 3 feet, and gravel 12 and pebble 13 are planted with submerged plants 16 to provide habitat and breeding environment for underwater organisms.

The above-mentioned gabion ecological revetment also includes 14 water-resistant and wet plants planted on the top of the second gabion retaining wall 3-2, the emergent plants 15 planted in the cultivation substrate 10 in the plant planting groove, and the gravel 12 and pebble 13 at the bottom of the water Submerged plants 16 planted here. The maintenance water level when the emergent plant 15 is first planted is about 5-10cm higher than the top surface of the culture substrate 10, and the normal management water level of 20-30cm can be maintained when the plant growth recovers.

In summary, compared with the traditional gabion revetment structure, the utility model has the advantages of stable structure, beautiful appearance, good plant growth effect, and high ecological benefit. The plant planting groove provides a stable environment for the growth of emergent plants 15, and The culture substrate 10 therein contains rich nutrients. The underwater "S"-shaped slope and ecological anti-scouring stones can slow down the water flow, and the planted submerged plants 16 can purify the water body. The gaps between the stones provide habitats for fish, shrimp and other animals, which is conducive to the diversity and stability of the water ecosystem When running into a heavy rain, the water level rises to the height of the overflow pipe, and excess rainwater can be discharged into the municipal rainwater pipeline through the overflow pipe and the drainpipe 8, so as to avoid the erosion of the land on the bank by the current.

The embodiments of the invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for particular purposes.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a gabion revetment structure which characterized in that: comprises two stone cage retaining walls (3), a plant planting groove and underwater ecological scour prevention stones;

the gabion retaining wall (3) is structurally and sequentially paved with a plain soil rammer (1), a 100-150 mm thick graded broken stone base layer (2), a trapezoidal gabion, a reinforced microphone mat top cover (4) and M5 cement mortar (5) from bottom to top to build a natural stone block roof;

the top of the gabion retaining wall (3) is provided with a reinforced microphone pad top cover (4), the cross section of the gabion retaining wall (3) is trapezoidal, the inclined plane of the gabion retaining wall forms an included angle of 60-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, and at least one layer of geotextile (6) is laid on the inclined plane of the gabion retaining wall (3);

geotextile (6), a culture medium (10) and emergent aquatic plants (15) are laid in the plant planting grooves;

the underwater ecological anti-impact stones are horizontally distributed with block stones (11), gravels (12) and pebbles (13) from the retaining wall to the outside.

2. The gabion revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the gabion retaining wall (3) adopts a hexagonal metal steel wire mesh which is galvanized and plastic-coated again, and block stones and backfilled soil are filled in the gabion retaining wall; the two gabion retaining walls (3) are respectively a first gabion retaining wall (3-1) and a second gabion retaining wall (3-2).

3. The gabion revetment structure of claim 2, wherein: and a transverse rainwater overflow pipe (7) communicated with the drain pipe (8) and used for draining redundant rainwater when the water level rises is embedded in the second gabion retaining wall (3-2).

4. The gabion revetment structure of claim 3, wherein: a filter screen (9) is arranged on an overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe (7) to prevent impurities from entering the rainwater overflow pipe (7) and the drain pipe (8) to block or damage pipelines.

5. The gabion revetment structure according to claim 4, wherein: the overflow port of the rainwater overflow pipe (7) is 100-150 mm lower than the top surface of the second gabion retaining wall (3-2) and 400-500 mm higher than the top of the culture medium (10); and the top of the second gabion retaining wall (3-2) is planted with a water-resistant plant (14).

6. The gabion revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the culture substrate (10) is 300mm-450mm, and a pebble layer (10-1), a vermiculite layer (10-2) and a culture soil layer (10-3) are sequentially paved from bottom to top.

7. The gabion revetment structure according to claim 6, wherein: the culture soil layer (10-3) is prepared by adding pond sludge into a decomposed organic fertilizer mixed matrix according to the proportion of 1: the ratio of 1-3 is used in combination, and is adjusted according to the culture requirements of different aquatic plants.

8. The gabion revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein: the block stones (11) are used for reinforcement and scour prevention at the foot protection positions of the gabion retaining wall, and submerged plants (16) are planted at the gravels (12) and the pebbles (13).

9. The gabion revetment structure of claim 2, wherein: the underwater ecological rock-scour prevention part tamps soil at the foot protection position of a first gabion retaining wall (3-1) to form an S-shaped terrain with the gradient of 0.2-0.4.

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