CN113152375A - Permeability reducing method for sandy river - Google Patents
Permeability reducing method for sandy river Download PDFInfo
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- CN113152375A CN113152375A CN202110457610.4A CN202110457610A CN113152375A CN 113152375 A CN113152375 A CN 113152375A CN 202110457610 A CN202110457610 A CN 202110457610A CN 113152375 A CN113152375 A CN 113152375A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sandy river seepage reducing method, which comprises the steps of firstly paving a protective net on a side slope of a river, then pouring an anti-seepage base layer on the protective net, removing the protective net after the anti-seepage base layer is formed, then spraying bacterial liquid and cementing liquid in sequence, and laminating a film to carry out cementing reaction, thus finishing the anti-seepage treatment of the river. After the treatment by the method disclosed by the invention, the stability of the riverway side slope is greatly improved, the side slope soil can be effectively prevented from losing under the impact of water flow, and the protective workload of the riverway can be reduced while the water quality of the riverway is ensured. In addition, the treated riverway side slope has good seepage-proofing performance, the loss of water can be reduced, and the riverway water level can be ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of permeability reduction, and particularly relates to a permeability reduction method for a sandy river.
Background
The water resource is the most basic element of economic development in China, plays an extremely important role in production and life, belongs to arid and semiarid regions in the north of China, is more barren, and is increasingly deficient along with the rapid increase of population, the water consumption of industrial and agricultural fields is not increased in sections in recent years, and the reasons of waste, water pollution and the like, so that underground water is seriously mined, the situation of river cut-off even occurs in areas with prominent problems, the river channel base flow cannot be met, and the health condition of a river ecosystem is seriously influenced. In order to meet the requirements of the ecological base flow of the river, maintain the basic form and functions of the river, and create a habitat suitable for the growth of animals and plants, the river seepage reduction treatment is particularly important under the condition of limited water resources. At present, the aim of seepage prevention is achieved by adopting a special structure, the existing river seepage reducing structure with more application has the functions of concrete slab seepage reduction and clay seepage reduction, and the two river seepage reducing structures have respective defects: the concrete slab has complex permeability reducing construction and higher cost, is easy to generate cracks under the influence of temperature, and is not beneficial to ecological exchange because the concrete slab completely isolates the water body from the underground water body; the clay seepage reduction not only has large earthwork engineering quantity and makes the revetment seepage prevention difficult to treat, but also has easy clay loss in a flowing water state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one technical problem in the prior art or the related art, and therefore, the invention provides a method for reducing the permeability of a sandy river.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for reducing the permeability of the sandy river channel comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: clearing weeds and floating soil on the side slope of the river channel, flattening the side slope, and then paving a protective net on the flattened side slope; the protective net comprises a net surface and fixing piles, rectangular or rhombic meshes are distributed on the net surface, and the fixing piles are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular meshes;
(2) reinforcement treatment: removing the protective net after the side slope is treated for 2-4 days, and then pressing the protective net according to the volume ratio of 1500-3000 mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope of the river channel, airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500-4000 mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying; then repeating the operation of spraying the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid for 2-4 times, and covering a film for 10-15 hours after the last cementing liquid is sprayed, so as to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of bacteria with high urease yield, the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 1-3, the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are the same and are both 0.5-1 mol/L.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the beneficial effects are as follows: according to the invention, the protective net is laid on the river slope before the impermeable base layer is laid, and the protective net can fix sand, so that the sand on the river slope can be effectively prevented from sliding off in the impermeable treatment process. The protective net comprises a net surface and fixing piles, the net surface can be firmly fixed on the side slope of the river channel by the fixing piles, holes which are regularly arranged are formed on the side slope of the river channel after the protective net is removed in the subsequent reinforcing treatment, after the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are sprayed, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid not only permeate into the inner part of the surface of the side slope of the river channel, but also can be gathered in the holes and directly reach the inner part of a soil layer through the holes, calcium carbonate crystals can be formed in the inner part of the soil layer in a short time, and the reinforcing and infiltration reducing treatment on the side slope of the river channel is completed.
When the riverway side slope is reinforced, a bacterial liquid and a cementing liquid are sprayed, wherein the bacterial liquid contains bacteria with high urease yield, and the cementing liquid contains calcium chloride and urea. The bacteria with high urease yield can maintain strong biological activity in acid-base, high salinity and other harsh environment, and urea is used as energy source to produce great amount of high activity urease via metabolism activity to promoteAmmonia and carbon dioxide generated by urea hydrolysis are dissolved and dispersed into a system solution through cell walls to be rapidly hydrolyzed to generate NH4 +And CO3 2-Due to the special cell wall structure of the microorganism, the surface of the microorganism generally has a large number of negative ion groups so as to adsorb Ca in solution2+The microorganisms transform CO through their own vital activities3 2-Transport to cell surface and Ca2+The calcium carbonate crystals can be filled in gaps between the anti-seepage base layer and the river slope coating to increase the compaction degree and the friction between particles, and the calcium carbonate crystals can generate the cementation effect between the particles, namely, a binder can bond small soil particles together to form a compact block body, so that the cohesive force between the soil particles is increased, and the anti-seepage property of the soil body is improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the spud pile is cylindric, and its diameter is 1 ~ 3 cm.
Furthermore, the side length of the rectangular or rhombic mesh is 0.3-0.5 m.
Further, an anti-seepage base layer is laid on the side slope of the river channel before the reinforcement treatment, and the laying method of the anti-seepage base layer is that the base material is poured on the protective net and is trowelled to form the anti-seepage base layer; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
15-20 parts of building slag, 2-5 parts of cement, 3-5 parts of clay, 0.5-1.5 parts of polyacrylamide and 50-60 parts of water;
and the reinforcement treatment is to remove the protective net after the impermeable base layer is half-dry, and then spray the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid.
The invention adopts the further technical scheme that the beneficial effects are as follows: according to the invention, the anti-seepage base layer is laid on the protective net, the base material can be prevented from sliding down along the side slope through the stabilizing effect of the protective net, and the thickness of the formed anti-seepage base layer is uniform at all positions. After the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are sprayed, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid can permeate into the anti-seepage base layer and the river channel side slope soil layer, the anti-seepage base layer and the river channel side slope soil layer can be simultaneously reinforced, the connection between the anti-seepage base layer and the river channel side slope soil layer can be enhanced, and the finally formed anti-seepage layer has better anti-seepage effect and stability.
The anti-seepage base layer is formed by paving the auxiliary materials, and the building slag is used as a main component in the auxiliary materials, so that the recycling of the building slag can be realized, the environmental pollution is reduced, the building slag plays a role of aggregate, and the stability of the anti-seepage base layer can be enhanced. The cement and the clay in the auxiliary materials play a role in cementation, and can fill and fill gaps among the building slag to improve the anti-seepage performance of the anti-seepage base material. The polyacrylamide can link the soil together to form a net structure under the action of physical and chemical forms and the like, so that the flexibility of the soil is improved, and cracks caused by over-high brittleness are reduced; meanwhile, polyacrylamide reacts with soil to form gel, so that pores and cracks in the soil can be filled and plugged, and the anti-permeability performance is enhanced.
Further, the thickness of the anti-seepage base layer is 3-5 cm.
Further, the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 3 parts of cement, 4 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water.
Further, the grain size of the building slag is less than 1 cm.
Further, the urease-highly producing bacteria is at least one of sarcina pasteurianum, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus lentus.
Furthermore, the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the cementing liquid are both 0.8 mol/L.
Further, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are sprayed for 3 times totally, and the first spraying amount of the bacterial liquid is 3000mL/m2The first spraying amount of the cementing liquid is 4000mL/m2The dosage of the following two bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid is gradually reduced by 750mL/m2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the treatment by the method disclosed by the invention, the stability of the riverway side slope is greatly improved, the side slope soil can be effectively prevented from losing under the impact of water flow, and the protective workload of the riverway can be reduced while the water quality of the riverway is ensured. In addition, the treated side slope of the river channel has good permeability reducing performance, the loss of water can be reduced, and the water level of the river channel can be ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a protection net used in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the permeability-reducing experimental apparatus;
wherein, 1, fixing the pile; 2. a screen surface; 3. rectangular or diamond mesh; 4. a simulation bin; 5. a support; 6. a water seepage hole; 7. a water seepage tank; 8. a water leakage pipe; 9. a water receiving tank; 10. experimental sand; 11. an impermeable layer; 12. simulating river water.
Detailed Description
The seepage-reducing experimental device is manufactured to simulate the river seepage-proofing effect. Subtract and ooze experimental apparatus as shown in fig. 2, including simulation storehouse 4, simulation storehouse 4 is the square groove, and its length is about 2m, and the width is about 1m, highly is about 1m meter, and 4 bottoms in simulation storehouse adopt modes such as welding, screw connection to be fixed with support 5, and a plurality of infiltration holes 6 have evenly been seted up along length direction to the lateral wall lower extreme, and 6 outsides in infiltration hole adopt modes such as welding to be connected with infiltration groove 7, and the length in infiltration groove 7 is the same with the length in simulation storehouse 4 to both ends are sealed. The end part of the water seepage tank 7 is provided with a water leakage hole, the water leakage hole is connected with a water leakage pipe 8, and a water receiving tank 9 is arranged below the water leakage pipe 8.
One side of the simulation bin 4 close to the water seepage hole 6 is filled with experiment sand 10, the experiment sand 10 used by the method is taken from a upturned soil village in the lower reaches of the Yongding river, and the grain diameter (mm), the soil grain specific gravity and the loose bulk density (g/cm) of the experiment sand are tested according to the standard of GB/T14684 plus 2011 building sand3) (abbreviated as bulk density), and compact bulk density (g/cm)3) (abbreviated as, compact density) the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 index of basic physical Properties of sandy soil
The experimental sand 10 is filled in a manner shown in fig. 2, the whole body is in a slope shape, the uppermost end is flush with the upper edge of the simulation bin 4, and the lowermost end extends to the middle of the simulation bin 4; then paving the protective net on the surface of the experimental sand 10, removing the protective net after 2-4 days, and then pressing the protective net according to the volume ratio of 1500-3000 mL/m2Spraying bacterial liquid on the experimental sand, airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500-4000 mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying; and then repeating the operation of spraying the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid for 2-4 times, and covering the film for 10-15 hours after the last cementing liquid is sprayed, thus finishing the river seepage reducing treatment. Or the following steps:
after the protective net is tiled on the surface of the experimental sand 10, the base material is then overturned on the protective net and trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer; removing the protective net after the impermeable base layer is half-dried and formed, and then pressing the protective net according to 1500-3000 mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500-4000 mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying; and then repeating the operation of spraying the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid for 2-4 times, and covering the film for 10-15 hours after the last cementing liquid is sprayed, thus finishing the river seepage reducing treatment.
The bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of bacteria with high urease yield, the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 1-3, the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are the same and are both 0.5-1 mol/L.
After the impermeable base layer is reinforced to form an impermeable layer 11, adding a specific amount of simulated river water 12 into the simulation bin 4, standing for 24 hours, measuring the water amount in the water receiving tank 9, and calculating the river channel water permeability according to the measured water amount, wherein the calculation formula of the river channel water permeability is as follows:
the following examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.5m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 1cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) reinforcement treatment: after 3 days, the protective net is removed, and then the volume is 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope according to the dosage, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope according to the dosage, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the dosage of 3250mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then according to 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope, airing for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the side slope after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the river seepage-proofing treatment; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Example 2
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.5m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 1cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of about 3 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 3 parts of cement, 4 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing according to 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then infiltrating according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 3250mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then according to 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Example 3
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.3m, the fixed piles 1 are about 10cm in length and about 3cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of 5 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
15 parts of building slag, 2 parts of cement, 5 parts of clay, 0.5 part of polyacrylamide and 50 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing the protective net at 2000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the ratio of 3000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 2 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the ratio of 3000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 2 hours after spraying; then according to 2000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the ratio of 3000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 15 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of bacillus subtilis, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 3; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 1 mol/L.
Example 4
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.4m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 3cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of about 4 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
20 parts of building slag, 5 parts of cement, 3 parts of clay, 1.5 parts of polyacrylamide and 60 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing the protective net at 2000mL/m2Spraying a bacterial solution on the anti-seepage base layer, wherein the bacterial solution is a water solution of bacillus subtilis, the OD value of the bacterial solution is 3, airing and infiltrating for 5 hours after spraying, and then airing and infiltrating according to the ratio of 2500mL/m2Spraying a cementing solution, wherein the cementing solution is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.5mol/L, and airing and infiltrating for 10 hours after spraying; then continuing to 2500mL/m2Spraying a bacterial solution on the impermeable base layer, wherein the bacterial solution is an aqueous solution of bacillus lentus, the OD value of the aqueous solution is 2, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then airing and infiltrating according to the ratio of 3000mL/m2Spraying a cementing solution, wherein the cementing solution is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8mol/L, and airing and infiltrating for 10 hours after spraying; then according to 3000mL/m2Spraying a bacterial solution on the anti-seepage base layer, wherein the bacterial solution is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then airing according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying a cementing solution, wherein the cementing solution is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 1mol/L, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 10 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel.
Comparative example 1
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then, the base material is poured on the side slope and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of 3 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 3 parts of cement, 4 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water;
(2) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dried and formed, the volume ratio is 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then infiltrating according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 3250mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then according to 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Comparative example 2
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4;
(2) and (3) seepage control treatment: according to 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope according to the dosage, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope according to the dosage, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the dosage of 3250mL/m2The dosage of the glue is sprayed with the glue-bonding liquid,airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying; then according to 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope, airing for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the side slope after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the river seepage-proofing treatment; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Comparative example 3
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.5m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 1cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of about 3 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 7 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing according to 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then infiltrating according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 3250mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying;then according to 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Comparative example 4
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.5m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 1cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of about 3 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 7 parts of cement, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing according to 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then infiltrating according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; then continue to press 2250mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then spraying the bacterial liquid according to the proportion of 3250mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing for 3 hours after spraying; followed byAt 1500mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 2 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Comparative example 5
A permeability reducing method for a sandy river comprises the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: assembling the anti-seepage experiment device, and filling experiment sand 10 into the simulation bin 4 to form a side slope as shown in fig. 2 so as to simulate the side slope of the urban river, wherein the upper edge of the simulation bin 4 at the upper end of the formed side slope is parallel and level, and the lower end of the formed side slope extends to the middle part of the simulation bin 4; then laying a protective net on the side slope, wherein the protective net structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net surface 2 and fixed piles 1, the net surface 2 is woven by galvanized wires, rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 are distributed on the net surface 2, the side length of each rectangular or rhombic mesh 3 is 0.5m, the fixed piles 1 are about 5cm in length and about 1cm in diameter and are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes 3 (the galvanized wires are wound on the fixed piles 1 when the protective net is woven); when the protective net is laid, firstly, the net surface 2 is laid flat, and then the fixing piles 1 are nailed into the side slope soil layer until the net surface 2 is tightly attached to the side slope soil layer;
(2) laying an impermeable base layer: the base material is poured on a protective net and is trowelled to form an anti-seepage base layer with the thickness of about 3 cm; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 3 parts of cement, 4 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water;
(3) reinforcement treatment: after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry formed, removing the protective net, and then pressing according to 3000mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the anti-seepage base layer, airing and infiltrating for 3 hours after spraying, and then infiltrating according to the ratio of 4000mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, covering a transparent plastic film on the surface of the anti-seepage base layer after spraying, and uncovering the film after 12 hours to finish the anti-seepage treatment of the river channel; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of sarcina pasteurii, and the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 2; the cementing liquid is calcium chlorideAnd an aqueous solution of urea, and the concentrations of calcium chloride and urea in the solution are both 0.8 mol/L.
Analysis of results
The permeability of the slopes in each of the above examples and comparative examples was calculated and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 side slope Water Permeability
| Water permeability (%) | |
| Example 1 | 0.36 |
| Example 2 | 0.26 |
| Example 3 | 0.29 |
| Example 4 | 0.18 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.85 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.56 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.63 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.67 |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.94 |
As can be seen from the table, after the method disclosed by the invention is used for treating the riverway side slope, the water seepage rate of the riverway is reduced to 0.18% at least, which shows that the method disclosed by the invention can obviously improve the permeability reducing performance of the riverway.
Compared with the embodiment, the comparative example 1 has the advantages that the protective net is not laid in the permeability reducing treatment process, so that the combination effect between the impermeable base layer and the side slope coating is poor, and the permeability reducing performance of the finally formed impermeable layer is poor; and after the protective net is lacked, grids and holes cannot be formed in the anti-seepage base layer, subsequently sprayed bacterial liquid and cementing liquid cannot stay on the anti-seepage base layer for a long time, only a small amount of bacterial liquid and cementing liquid diffuses into the anti-seepage base layer, and calcium carbonate crystals are hardly formed in the anti-seepage base layer and the side slope soil layer, so that the permeability reducing performance of the side slope is further influenced.
Compared with the example 1, the comparative example 2 has the advantages that the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are directly sprayed on the side slope soil layer, the impermeable layer is directly formed on the surface of the side slope soil layer and is influenced by the grain diameter and the performance of the sand, the formed impermeable layer is poor in stability, and is easy to collapse after long-time water immersion, and the permeability reduction of the side slope of the river channel is seriously influenced.
Compared with the example 1, the base materials for paving the impermeable layers lack cement and clay respectively, the formed impermeable base layer has poor bonding performance, the building slag cannot be well bonded together, more pores are left between the building slag, and water seeps out of the pores, so that the permeability reducing performance of the riverway side slope is poor.
Compared with the example 1, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are sprayed on the anti-seepage base layer, the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid cannot thoroughly permeate into the anti-seepage base layer and the side slope soil layer, the number of formed calcium carbonate crystals is limited, and the permeability reducing performance is poor.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should not be construed as limited to the scope of the patent. Various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without inventive step within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A permeability reducing method for a sandy river channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) side slope treatment: clearing weeds and floating soil on the side slope of the river channel, flattening the side slope, and then paving a protective net on the flattened side slope; the protective net comprises a net surface (2) and fixing piles (1), rectangular or rhombic meshes (3) are distributed on the net surface (2), and the fixing piles (1) are vertically fixed at the vertexes of the rectangular or rhombic meshes (3);
(2) reinforcement treatment: removing the protective net after the side slope is treated for 2-4 days, and then pressing the protective net according to the volume ratio of 1500-3000 mL/m2Spraying the bacterial liquid on the side slope of the river channel, airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying, and then spraying according to the proportion of 2500-4000 mL/m2Spraying the cementing liquid, and airing and infiltrating for 2-5 hours after spraying; then repeating the operation of spraying the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid for 2-4 times, and covering a film for 10-15 hours after the last cementing liquid is sprayed, so as to finish the river seepage reducing treatment; the bacterial liquid is an aqueous solution of bacteria with high urease yield, the OD value of the bacterial liquid is 1-3, the cementing liquid is an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and urea, and the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the solution are the same and are 0.5-1 mol/L.
2. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing pile (1) is cylindrical, the length of the fixing pile is 5-10 cm, and the diameter of the fixing pile is 1-3 cm.
3. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 1, wherein: the side length of the rectangular or rhombic mesh (3) is 0.3-0.5 m.
4. The method for reducing the seepage of the sandy river channel according to claim 1, wherein an anti-seepage base layer is laid on the side slope of the river channel before the strengthening treatment, and the anti-seepage base layer is laid by pouring a base material on the protective net and trowelling the base material to form the anti-seepage base layer; the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
15-20 parts of building slag, 2-5 parts of cement, 3-5 parts of clay, 0.5-1.5 parts of polyacrylamide and 50-60 parts of water;
and the reinforcement treatment is to remove the protective net after the impermeable base layer is semi-dry, and then spray the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid.
5. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the anti-seepage base layer is 3-5 cm.
6. The method for reducing the permeability of the sandy river channel according to claim 4, wherein the base material comprises the following components in parts by mass:
18 parts of building slag, 3 parts of cement, 4 parts of clay, 1 part of polyacrylamide and 55 parts of water.
7. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 4 or 6, wherein: the grain size of the building slag is less than 1 cm.
8. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 1, wherein: the bacteria for high yield of urease are at least one of sarcina pasteurianum, bacillus megaterium, bacillus subtilis, bacillus sphaericus and bacillus lentus.
9. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 1, wherein: the concentrations of the calcium chloride and the urea in the cementing liquid are both 0.8 mol/L.
10. The method of reducing permeability of a sandy river according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid are sprayed for 3 times totally, and the first spraying amount of the bacterial liquid is 3000mL/m2The first spraying amount of the cementing liquid is 4000mL/m2The dosage of the following two bacterial liquid and the cementing liquid is gradually reduced by 750mL/m2。
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| CN114271057A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Soil deep layer separation and restoration technology and application thereof |
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| CN110106826A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-09 | 重庆交通大学 | River bed microorganism grouting ecological anti-seepage system and its construction method |
| CN111851505A (en) * | 2020-08-30 | 2020-10-30 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Construction method and structure of pouring type impervious core earth-rock dam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110106826A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2019-08-09 | 重庆交通大学 | River bed microorganism grouting ecological anti-seepage system and its construction method |
| CN111851505A (en) * | 2020-08-30 | 2020-10-30 | 中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司 | Construction method and structure of pouring type impervious core earth-rock dam |
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| CN114112596A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-01 | 郑州大学 | Method for treating yellow river sediment by using soybean urease-induced calcium carbonate |
| CN114271057A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-05 | 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 | Soil deep layer separation and restoration technology and application thereof |
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