CN104110009A - Water body purification seepage prevention structure and method - Google Patents
Water body purification seepage prevention structure and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104110009A CN104110009A CN201410356034.4A CN201410356034A CN104110009A CN 104110009 A CN104110009 A CN 104110009A CN 201410356034 A CN201410356034 A CN 201410356034A CN 104110009 A CN104110009 A CN 104110009A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water body purification seepage prevention structure and a water body purification seepage prevention method. A seepage prevention structure style of composite materials is used, and phosphor bacteria and nitrifying bacteria are added so as to promote immobilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body, and therefore water quality of the water body is improved on the premise that the content of organic materials in water is decreased. Simultaneously, gas can not be prevented from exchanging on the premise that a seepage prevention function is achieved through combination functions of multilayer seepage prevention materials, oxygen in soil is released to the water body, the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, and self cleaning capacity of the water body is improved. The water body purification seepage prevention structure fully uses performance advantages of all the materials, neutralizes disadvantages of the materials, reduces construction cost, and improves ecological effects of the water body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purification leakage preventing structure and method, the purification leakage preventing structure and the method that specifically relate to a kind of artificial water and natural water, particularly relate to a kind of water body purification leakage preventing structure and method nitrogen P elements in anti-sealing seepage loss, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration and reduction water body to clear superiority.
Background technology
China is World Water resource-starved country, and gross amount of water resources is 28,000,000,000,000 m
3, per capita 1/4 of freshwater resources Jin Wei world quantity per capita, occupy the 109th, the world, China has been put into the whole world one of 13 poor-water countries of water resource per capita.And China's distribution of water resources is inhomogeneous, a large amount of freshwater resources concentrate on south, and northern freshwater resources only have 1/4 of southern freshwater resources.At present China's urban water supply be take surface water or underground water as main, or two kinds of water sources mix and use, and some city, because of underground water exhaustive exploitation, has caused groundwater table to decline, some urban formations the large funnel of hundreds of square kilometre, make the tens of kilometers of inwelling.And due to the discharge wantonly of industrial wastewater, cause more than 80% surface water, the underground water of China to be subject to pollution in various degree.
In water resource today day by day in short supply, " increase income, throttling " is the effective measures that country solves water resources crisis.The loss of China's surface water resources is mainly seepage at present.According to incompletely statistics, leakage has accounted for 80% left and right of water body loss.Therefore the antiseepage of water body should be the most important thing in " throttling " measure.
Also there is at present the problems such as water quality deterioration in various degree in nature and artificial water in addition, makes water body can not bring into play the functions such as its view, ecology, had a strong impact on surrounding environment, and caused a large amount of wastes of water resource.At present, the effect of artificial lake is no longer to build in order to make scape, ecological functions are more and more outstanding, but the rareness of the regional rainfall having and Seasonal Distribution, groundwater table compared with low, evaporation capacity large, the infltration intensity of soil is higher, supplementing of artificial lake water resource more can only rely on municipal middle water, tap water, river lake water etc.Increased so unintentionally the waste of social resources.Therefore the antiseepage in artificial swamp or part river course, lake is absolutely necessary.
But conventional seepage control project has been blocked the circulation of ground vapour when preventing seepage, destroyed original ecosystem, so antiseepage to connect the seepage control system research of ground vapour imperative.Current seepage control technique, conventionally there is opposing frost heaving failure ability, easily produce crack and displacement etc. problem, use the materials such as stone material, concrete, intercepted the connection up and down of ground vapour, intercept upper and lower hydraulic connection, reduced water body oxygen content, reduced self-purification of water function, caused water quality deterioration, region environment is seriously damaged.Therefore, select Novel seepage material, adopt supporting engineering section and structure, implement supporting construction method, to the antiseepage of the surface water resourcess such as river and to improve water ecological setting significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of seepage loss that can anti-sealing, can increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water concentration again, reduce water body purification leakage preventing structure and the method for nitrogen and phosphorus content in water body.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of water body purification leakage preventing structure, described structure comprises that degree of compaction is not less than 90% soil matrix, basic unit, bed course, impervious barrier, purifying layer, topping and surface layer in vertical direction from lower to upper successively; Wherein, described purifying layer is that thickness is zeolite, phosphobacteria, the nitrobacteria mixed layer of 2～15cm, and described topping is that specification is higher than 70g/m
2, thickness is greater than the nonwoven layer of 4～6 meters of 0.8mm, fabric width or 2～80 existing medium-sand seams in object river course or back fill course, layer of gravel.
Preferably, described soil matrix is that degree of compaction is not less than 90% original soil.
Preferably, described basic unit is middle layer of sand, coarse sands layer or both mixed layers.
Preferably, described bed course is fine sand layer, and the thickness altogether of described bed course and basic unit is 2～8cm.
Preferably, described impervious barrier is soil-solidified-agent and the ventilation anti-seepage sand mixed layer of the composition of proportions of 1:5～15 by volume, and the thickness of described impervious barrier is 1～4cm.
Preferably, described purifying layer is phosphobacteria, nitrobacteria, the zeolite mixed layer that 1～3:1～3:50～100 form by weight.
Preferably, described surface layer mat formation planting soil or building block or gravel, described surface layer also comprises planting soil, gravel, building block both or three's mixture layer.
Preferably, described impervious barrier also comprises GCL or clay.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of water body purification anti-permeation method, described method comprises the steps:
A, preparation of construction: place cleaning, arrange and control stake and control sign, temporary drainage facility is set;
B, soil treatment: by designing requirement excavation and backfill, the bottom of compacting afterwards and side slope soil matrix, degree of compaction is not less than 90%;
C, base layer construction: base material adopts medium sand or coarse sand, or adopt the basic unit of excavation or backfill native, through screening out the above larger particles of 1cm, and adopting mechanical ramming, degree of compaction is not less than 90%;
D, cushion construction: adopt fine sand to pave, dorsad construction;
E, impervious barrier construction: adopt the construction of itemize method, soil-solidified-agent is proportionally mixed with ventilation anti-seepage sand, pave equably afterwards on predetermined width, flat surface;
F, purifying layer construction: phosphobacteria, nitrobacteria, zeolite are proportionally mixed, pave equably on impervious barrier afterwards;
G, topping construction: topping adopts medium coarse sand, and thickness is no less than 30cm, shakeout and suitably compacting;
H, surface construction: surface layer is laid planting soil or gravel or building block equably, or planting soil, gravel, both threes' of building block mixing.
Preferably, in described step G, if when topping is selected geotextiles, adopt nature overlap joint, welding and sew up three kinds of methods to be connected.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
A kind of water body purification leakage preventing structure of the present invention and method, tool has the following advantages:
(1) there is respiratory function when antiseepage water conservation, be beneficial to plant growth;
(2) connect ground vapour, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water, solve the rotten difficult problem of retaining;
(3) Promethean increase purifying layer, biological and physics synergy, does not add medicament, processes heavy metal, N, P element, and purification process is more ecological;
(4) composite construction acting in conjunction, reaches the multiple effect of antiseepage-ventilative-water purification-oxygenation;
(5) construction method is easy, the duration is short, instant effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is water body leakage preventing structure combination schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is water body leakage preventing structure sectional schematic diagram;
Wherein, 1～soil matrix; 2～basic unit; 3～bed course; 4～impervious barrier; 5～purifying layer; 6～topping; 7～surface layer.
The specific embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention provides a kind of water body purification leakage preventing structure, described structure comprises that degree of compaction is not less than 90% soil matrix (1), basic unit (2), bed course (3), impervious barrier (4), purifying layer (5), topping (6) and surface layer (7) in vertical direction from lower to upper successively.
The structure of each layer and act on as described below wherein:
1) soil matrix 1---and soil matrix 1 is generally original soil, and soil matrix 1 must be closely knit, flawless, even, stable, smooth, and degree of compaction is not less than 90%.
2) basic unit 2---and basic unit 2 is generally middle layer of sand, coarse sands layer or both mixed layers, plays levelling and protective effect.
3) bed course 3---and the general fine sand that adopts of bed course 3 is laid, and it is 2～8cm that described basic unit 2 and bed course 3 amount to thickness, carries out smoothly according to the gradient situation of soil matrix 1, and gauge allowable variation is less than 1cm.
4) impervious barrier 4---and described impervious barrier 4 adopts the ratio that volume ratio is 1:5～15 to mix by soil-solidified-agent and ventilation anti-seepage sand, and without adding water, thickness is 1～4cm, lays be evenly less than ± 0.5cm of gauge allowable variation.
5) purifying layer 5---by zeolite and phosphobacteria, nitrobacteria, formed, phosphobacteria wherein: nitrobacteria: zeolite adopts 1～3:1～3:50～100 (weight ratio), thickness 5～8cm, purifying layer 5 act as absorption, fixing heavy metal, N element, the P element in water body, reach the effect of purifying water body.
6) topping 6---and described topping 6 adopts nonwoven, and specification is not less than 70g/m
2, thickness is not less than 0.8mm, 4～6 meters of fabric widths; Or adopt the existing medium coarse sand in river course, and select 4.75～0.3mm (4～50 order) sand, maximum particle diameter is no more than 4.75mm in principle; Or employing backfill, gravel etc.
7) surface layer 7---surface layer 7 planting soil of mating formation, and thickness is not less than 35cm, and soil property should be beneficial to the growth of design water plant; Or the building block of mating formation, thickness is not less than 6cm, good looking appearance; Or the gravel of mating formation, thickness is not less than 20cm.
Further, described impervious barrier 4 also comprises GCL or clay.
Preferably, described GCL is by clamp high-quality sodium bentonite between two layers of geosynthetics, by boundling acupuncture, is composited.It has following advantage:
1. antiseepage is good: its permeability is below 5 * 10-11m/s, is better than the impervious effect of 1 meter of thick compacting clay.
2. timeliness is long: because sodium bentonite is natural inorganic material, even if experience is long-time or surrounding environment changes, also aging or corrosion phenomenon can not occur, so water resistance is lasting.
3. intensity is high: pliability is good, makes its resistance to overturning good, and tensile strength is high, can adapt to the distortion that different terrain, particularly sedimentation cause.
4. selfreparing: there is good oneself and keep and self-regeneration performance, can self-regeneration for local failure, be not afraid of aquatic plant root system and puncture, can crack, self-repair 2mm left and right.
5. construction is easily: and other waterproofing materials comparisons, construct relatively simple, do not need heating and paste.Only need be connected and fix with nail, packing ring etc. with swell soil powder.After construction, do not need special inspection, if find the yet easily maintenance of waterproof defect.GCL be in existing waterproofing materials the construction period the shortest.
6. scope is wide: not affected by temperature: also can brittle failure under cold climate condition.
7. environmental protection: because swell soil is natural inorganic mineral matter, to human body and environmentally friendly, belong to high-quality environment-friendly waterproof material, and there will not be agingly, reach application life more than 50 years.
GCL is compared with ventilation anti-seepage sand constructability, cheap, but air permeable effect is poor.
Preferably, described clay is a kind of hydrous alumino silicates mineral matter, is a kind of small crystal, has certain viscosity.After clay mineral water is moistening, there is plasticity, under less pressure, can be out of shape and can maintain the original state for a long time, and specific area is large, on particle with elecrtonegativity, therefore there are good physical adsorbability and chemical mobility of the surface, there is the ability with other cation exchange.
Clay core is one of traditional impervious form, has simple and easy, the construction quality of gathering materials on the spot, construct and is easy to the features such as control.Owing to thering is the fixed characteristic of automatic depression in water, can make constructional deficiency automatically heal, and can adapt to basic frost-heaving deformation, the frost heave crack of generation can naturally be recovered in Spring Freeze-thawing process.
Clay is in ventilation anti-seepage sand and these three kinds of materials of GCL, and construction cheaply degree, price height and air permeable effect all mediates, and resultant effect is better.Meanwhile, clay is pollution-free, useful to plant growth around.Process by this method on bank, does not block the interchange of surrounding material, favourable to ecological environment around.
The present invention also provides a kind of water body purification anti-permeation method, and described method has been used for above-mentioned water body purification leakage preventing structure, and its concrete steps are as follows:
A, preparation of construction: be familiar with drawing, place cleaning, arranges and control stake and control sign, carries out temporary drainage facility.
B, soil matrix 1 are processed: adopt machinery or hand excavation or backfill, excavation and the backfill degree of depth meet design requirement, and the soil block that is greater than 10cm during backfill should be smashed, and the rubble that is greater than 5cm should be removed; Adopt mechanical ramming soil matrix, degree of compaction is not less than 90%; Side slope adopts small-sized machine compacting, and degree of compaction is not less than 90%.
C, basic unit's 2 constructions: base material adopts medium sand or coarse sand, and moisture content is less than 3%, and maximum particle diameter is no more than 4.75mm; Or the basic unit's soil that adopts excavation or backfill, through screening out the above larger particles of 1cm, and adopts mechanical ramming, and degree of compaction is not less than 90%; Basic unit's 2 thickness are 2～4cm.
D, bed course 3 constructions: adopt fine sand to pave, thickness 3～5cm, the direction of advance of should constructing dorsad in construction, avoids the disturbance bed course that paved.
E, impervious barrier 4 constructions: if adopt the construction of itemize method, longitudinally complete according to the construction of 2～3m width along Ding Dao Po Dihuo bottom surface, slope, transverse translation is constructed according to the method described above; If adopt artificial, land leveller or other suitable facility that ventilation anti-seepage sand is paved equably on predetermined width, surface should be smooth; If during synchronous construction, consider the overlap joint problem of impervious barrier 4, antiseepage topping 6.Impervious barrier 4, purifying layer 5, topping 6 will successively launch, so that the overlap joint of each layer, the reserved 10～15cm that is of a size of of lap width.
F, purifying layer 5 constructions: by phosphobacteria: nitrobacteria: the purification bulk cargo that zeolite has proportionally mixed paves on impervious barrier 4, thickness 5-8cm, paves evenly.
H, topping 6 constructions: when topping 6 is selected geotextiles, can adopt nature overlap joint, welding and sew up three kinds of methods, take and naturally overlap as main, natural lap width is not less than 20cm; Topping adopts medium coarse sand, and thickness should be no less than 30cm, should shakeout and suitably compacting.
I, surface layer 7 constructions: surface layer 7 is planting soil, adopts land leveller that planting soil is paved uniformly on structure protective layer 6, and thickness is not less than 35cm; Surface layer is gravel, adopts construction with paving machine, and thickness is not less than 20cm; Surface layer 7 is building block, and thickness is not less than 6cm, mats formation neat, attractive in appearance.
The advantage obtaining of the present invention is: the water body purification leakage preventing structure that the present invention proposes, adopt the form of structure of composite material antiseepage, and increased phosphobacteria and nitrobacteria, to promote the fixing of N in water body, P element, when reducing organic in water, also improve water quality.Meanwhile, by the compound action of multilayer impervious material, in antiseepage, do not hinder gas exchange, the oxygen in soil is discharged in water body, increase Dissolved Oxygen in Water content, improve water body self-purification ability.This ventilation anti-seepage structure makes full use of each material property advantage, in and drawback, reduced construction costs, promoted the ecological effect of water body.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (10)
1. a water body purification leakage preventing structure, is characterized in that: described structure comprises that degree of compaction is not less than 90% soil matrix (1), basic unit (2), bed course (3), impervious barrier (4), purifying layer (5), topping (6) and surface layer (7) in vertical direction from lower to upper successively; Wherein, described purifying layer (5) is that thickness is zeolite, phosphobacteria, the nitrobacteria mixed layer of 2～15cm, and described topping (6) is that specification is higher than 70g/m
2, thickness is greater than the nonwoven layer of 4～6 meters of 0.8mm, fabric width or 2～80 existing medium-sand seams in object river course or back fill course, layer of gravel.
2. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soil matrix (1) is not less than 90% original soil for degree of compaction.
3. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described basic unit (2) is middle layer of sand, coarse sands layer or both mixed layers.
4. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bed course (3) is fine sand layer, and described bed course (3) is 2～8cm with the thickness altogether of basic unit (2).
5. according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described impervious barrier (4) is soil-solidified-agent and the ventilation anti-seepage sand mixed layer of the composition of proportions of 1:5～15 by volume, and the thickness of described impervious barrier (4) is 1～4cm.
6. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mixed layer that described purifying layer (5) forms by weight 1～3:1～3:50～100 for phosphobacteria, nitrobacteria, zeolite.
7. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described surface layer (7) mat formation planting soil or building block or gravel, described surface layer (7) also comprises planting soil, gravel, building block both or three's mixture layer.
8. structure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described impervious barrier (4) also comprises GCL or clay.
9. a water body purification anti-permeation method, is characterized in that: described method comprises the steps:
A, preparation of construction: place cleaning, arrange and control stake and control sign, temporary drainage facility is set;
B, soil treatment: by designing requirement excavation and backfill, the bottom of compacting afterwards and side slope soil matrix, degree of compaction is not less than 90%;
C, base layer construction: base material adopts medium sand or coarse sand, or adopt the basic unit of excavation or backfill native, through screening out the above larger particles of 1cm, and adopting mechanical ramming, degree of compaction is not less than 90%;
D, cushion construction: adopt fine sand to pave, dorsad construction;
E, impervious barrier construction: adopt the construction of itemize method, soil-solidified-agent, ventilation anti-seepage sand are proportionally mixed, pave equably afterwards on predetermined width, flat surface;
F, purifying layer construction: phosphobacteria, nitrobacteria, zeolite are proportionally mixed, pave equably on impervious barrier afterwards;
G, topping construction: topping adopts medium coarse sand, and thickness is no less than 30cm, shakeout and suitably compacting;
H, surface construction: surface layer is laid planting soil or gravel or building block equably, or planting soil, gravel, both threes' of building block mixing.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in described step G, if when topping is selected geotextiles, adopt nature overlap joint, welding and sew up three kinds of methods to be connected.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN104532863A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-04-22 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | Mould and method for laying granular impermeable materials |
| CN104878722A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-02 | 黄河勘测规划设计有限公司 | Multiplayer composite seepage prevention structure applicable to urban rivers |
| CN105040554A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-11-11 | 滁州市瑞景园林建设有限公司 | Garden path structure and paving construction technology thereof |
| CN106975653A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-25 | 合肥工业大学 | It is a kind of to prevent the permeable reactive barrier in-situ remediation method of pollution of underground aquifers |
| CN114291980A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-08 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Simple filtration system and method for rural domestic wastewater |
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|---|---|
| CN104110009B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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