CN108456285A - 一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法 - Google Patents

一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108456285A
CN108456285A CN201810253270.1A CN201810253270A CN108456285A CN 108456285 A CN108456285 A CN 108456285A CN 201810253270 A CN201810253270 A CN 201810253270A CN 108456285 A CN108456285 A CN 108456285A
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张彩宁
王煦漫
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Xian Polytechnic University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体包括以下步骤,步骤1,将丙烯酸酯类单体与含双键的硅树脂进行乳液共聚,合成出疏水/疏油乳液,浸涂在织物表面上;步骤2,再烘干得到具有超双疏性能涂层织物。本发明方法制成的织物对水的接触角均大于150°,对甲苯、植物油等油性液体的接触角均大于150°,该方法制备出的超双疏涂层可以涂敷在不同织物上,具有良好的耐洗性,且工艺简单,原料价格低廉。

Description

一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于超双疏材料领域,涉及一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法。
背景技术
超双疏表面是指对水和油的接触角均大于150°的表面,它将超疏水和超疏油的特性集于一身,除了自清洁、防污染等基本功能外,还具有抗腐蚀、抗结冰、防黏附及减阻、减摩等功能,因而在日常生活和工农业领域有广阔的应用前景,已成为目前研究的热点。超双疏表面的常见制备方法有刻蚀法、电化学法、溶胶-凝胶法等,这些方法都存在工艺复杂、成本高昂等缺点,限制了其应用范围,同时,大部分超双疏表面应用仅限于硬质材料表面,如金属、木材、玻璃等基底,对于织物表面的应用很少。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,解决了现有技术存在的超双疏涂层制备方法工艺复杂、成本高昂、应用范围不广泛的问题。
本发明所采用的技术方案是,一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将表面活性剂以及引发剂加入水中搅拌均匀,接着加入丙烯酸酯类单体和含双键的硅树脂,混合均匀后在50-80℃进行乳液聚合,反应5-10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液,其中,表面活性剂、引发剂、丙烯酸酯类单体、含双键的硅树脂与水的质量比为2-6:0.1-0.3:1-5:5-15:100;
步骤2,将不同织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌30-40分钟,放入烘箱于45-55℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层。
本发明的特征还在于,
步骤1中的表面活性剂是十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯中的一种。
步骤1中的引发剂为过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈中的一种。
步骤1中的丙烯酸酯类单体为甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、三氟乙基丙烯酸酯中的一种。
步骤1中的双键的硅树脂为乙烯基硅树脂和烯丙基硅树脂中的一种。
步骤2中的织物为棉织物、尼龙织物、涤纶织物、腈纶织物、丙纶织物中的一种。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明为一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将表面活性剂以及引发剂加入水中搅拌均匀,表面活性剂是十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯中的一种,引发剂为过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈中的一种,接着加入丙烯酸酯类单体和含双键的硅树脂,丙烯酸酯类单体为甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、三氟乙基丙烯酸酯中的一种,含双键的硅树脂为乙烯基硅树脂和烯丙基硅树脂中的一种,混合均匀后在50℃-80℃进行乳液聚合,反应5-10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液,表面活性剂、引发剂、丙烯酸酯类单体、含双键的硅树脂与水的质量比为2-6:0.1-0.3:1-5:5-15:100;
步骤2,将不同织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的织物浸入到步骤1中制得的疏水/疏油乳液中,织物为棉织物、尼龙织物、涤纶织物、腈纶织物、丙纶织物中的一种,室温下搅拌浸涂30-40分钟,放入烘箱于45℃-55℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层。
本发明提供了一种乳液聚合制备超双疏涂层的方法,将丙烯酸酯类单体与含双键的硅树脂进行乳液聚合,制备出疏水/疏油乳液,浸涂在织物表面上,经烘干后即得超双疏织物涂层。采用该方法制备的织物具有良好的超双疏性能,对水的接触角可达152.3°,对甲苯和植物油的接触角分别可达152.6°和155.7°。
实施例1
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将2克十二烷基苯磺酸钠和0.1克偶氮二异丁腈加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入1克甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯和5克含乙烯基硅树脂,混合均匀后在50℃进行乳液聚合,反应10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将棉织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的棉织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌35分钟,放入烘箱于50℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的尼龙织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层棉织物。
实施例2
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将6克十二烷基苯磺酸钠和0.3克偶氮二异丁腈加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入5克甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯和15克乙烯基硅树脂,混合均匀后在80℃进行乳液聚合,反应5小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将尼龙织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌40分钟,放入烘箱于48℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的尼龙织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层尼龙织物。
实施例3
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将6克十二烷基硫酸钠和0.3克过氧化二苯甲酰加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入5克丙烯酸六氟丁酯和5克烯丙基硅树脂,混合均匀后在50℃进行乳液聚合,反应10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将涤纶织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后涤纶织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌30分钟,放入烘箱于50℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的涤纶织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层涤纶织物。
实施例4
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将6克失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯和0.1克偶氮二异丁腈加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入1克甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯和5克乙烯基硅树脂,混合均匀后在50℃进行乳液聚合,反应10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将腈纶织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的腈纶织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌30分钟,放入烘箱于50℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的腈纶织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层腈纶织物。
实施例5
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将6克聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯和0.3克过氧化二苯甲酰加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入5克甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯和15克烯丙基硅树脂,混合均匀后在50℃进行乳液聚合,反应10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将丙纶织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的丙纶织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌36分钟,放入烘箱于55℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的丙纶织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层丙纶织物。
实施例6
本实施例公开一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将2克十二烷基苯磺酸钠和0.3克过氧化二苯甲酰加入100克水中搅拌均匀,接着加入1克甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯和5克烯丙基硅树脂,混合均匀后在80℃进行乳液聚合,反应5小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液;
步骤2,将尼龙织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取烘干后的尼龙织物,浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌30分钟,放入烘箱于50℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的尼龙织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得超双疏涂层尼龙织物。
下面通过两种测试方式对上述实施例制备的超双疏涂层性能进行测试:
测试一:测试超双疏涂层织物的疏水/疏油性
采用视频光学接触角测量仪(JW-360A型,中国)测定水、甲苯及植物油在实施例1得到的棉织物上的接触角。测试结果显示本发明所制备的棉织物上,水、甲苯及植物油接触角均超过150°,并且持续30分钟无明显变化,显示了该织物的超疏水/超疏油性能。同时发明人对本发明的实施例2、实施例3、实施例4、实施例5、实施例6中制备的5种织物做了同样的测试,测试结果见表1,表明本发明的超双疏涂层织物具备超疏水/超疏油性能。
表1超双疏涂层织物的疏水/疏油性数据对比表
织物 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
152.3° 151.9° 153.8° 155.6° 154.9° 153.2°
甲苯 152.6° 151.0° 152.8° 151.9° 152.4° 153.9°
植物油 155.7° 156.2° 154.5° 155.2° 154.7° 154.4°
测试二:测试超双疏涂层织物的耐洗性
将实施例1得到棉织物浸于质量浓度为1%洗衣液的水溶液中,200转/分钟的转速下搅拌30分钟,然后在室温下晾干,如此重复30次,测量棉织物对水、甲苯及植物油的接触角,测试结果表明棉织物仍对水、甲苯及植物油的接触角都大于150°。同时发明人对本发明的实施例2、实施例3、实施例4、实施例5、实施例6中制备的5种织物做了同样的测试,测试结果见表2,测试结果表明本发明的超双疏涂层织物对水、甲苯及植物油的接触角均大于150°,这些结果说明,本发明的超双疏涂层织物具有良好的耐洗性。
表2测试超双疏涂层织物的耐洗性数据对比表
织物 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 实施例6
151.9° 151.2° 152.1° 151.2° 151.7° 151.6°
甲苯 152.3° 150.4° 151.0° 151.1° 150.3° 152.3°
植物油 153.2° 155.3° 153.5° 152.8° 152.6° 152.7°

Claims (6)

1.一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,具体按照以下步骤实施:
步骤1,将表面活性剂以及引发剂加入水中搅拌均匀,接着加入丙烯酸酯类单体和含双键的硅树脂,混合均匀后在50-80℃进行乳液共聚合,反应5-10小时,即得疏水/疏油乳液,所述表面活性剂、引发剂、丙烯酸酯类单体、含双键的硅树脂与水的质量比为2-6:0.1-0.3:1-5:5-15:100;
步骤2,将织物用蒸馏水超声波清洗三次后烘干,取所述织物浸入到步骤1制备的疏水/疏油乳液中,室温下搅拌浸涂30-40分钟,放入烘箱于45-55℃烘干即得乳液浸涂的织物,重复浸涂、烘干三次后,即得聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,所述引发剂为过氧化二苯甲酰、偶氮二异丁腈中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,所述丙烯酸酯类单体为甲基丙烯酸三氟乙酯、丙烯酸六氟丁酯、三氟乙基丙烯酸酯中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,所述含双键的硅树脂为乙烯基硅树脂和烯丙基硅树脂中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚丙烯酸酯类超双疏涂层制备方法,其特征在于,所述织物为棉织物、尼龙织物、涤纶织物、腈纶织物、丙纶织物中的一种。
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