CN108444894A - Study the infiltrative experimental rig of particle inner through hole gap and its method - Google Patents
Study the infiltrative experimental rig of particle inner through hole gap and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108444894A CN108444894A CN201810498194.0A CN201810498194A CN108444894A CN 108444894 A CN108444894 A CN 108444894A CN 201810498194 A CN201810498194 A CN 201810498194A CN 108444894 A CN108444894 A CN 108444894A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVPWJMCABCPUQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxy-N-[1-(phenylmethyl)-4-piperidinyl]benzamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(N)=C(Cl)C=C1C(=O)NC1CCN(CC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 BVPWJMCABCPUQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of infiltrative experimental rig of research particle inner through hole gap and its methods, are related to the calcareous sand infiltration technology in rock soil medium field.The present apparatus includes permeation unit and water supplying unit；Permeation unit is oozed to be made of bottom plate, inlet bucket, partition board and out of the bucket；Water supplying unit is made of three-way connection, varying head pipe and water supply bottle；Its position and connection relation are：From top to bottom, bottom plate, inlet bucket, partition board and out of the bucket connect successively；Varying head pipe and water supply bottle are connect by three-way connection with water inlet bottom of the barrel water inlet pipe.Individual particle edge isolation can be such that seepage flow inner through hole gap can only passes through out of particle by the present invention；It is easy to operate, do not need too many tedious steps；Manufacturing cost is low, can be carried out at the same time multigroup experiment, efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the calcareous sand infiltration technology in rock soil medium field more particularly to a kind of research particle inner through hole gaps
Infiltrative experimental rig and its method.
Background technology
Calcium soil or carbonate soil, typically refer to include marine organisms（Coral, seaweed and shell etc.）Be rich in carbon
The Special Rock medium of sour calcium or other carbonate substances.Calcium soil is for a long time in carbonate solution, through physics, biochemistry
Effect, including organic clast and the broken and bonding process of landwaste, by certain pressure, temperature and the variation of dissolving
Journey, and a kind of carbonate sediment formed.It is influenced by its substance source and forming process, is retained inside calcareous soil particle
There is protozoa cavity body structure, form inner pore, inner pore is divided into perforation and non-through two class；Inner through hole gap makes calcium soil not
Other Lu Yuan soil-structure interactions are same as, in process of osmosis, seepage channel is increased on the basis of inter-granular porosity in particle perforation
Hole so that the permeability of research particle inner through hole gap has important meaning.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, to be overcome the problems, such as of the existing technology, provides a kind of research individual particle inner through hole gap
Infiltrative experimental rig and its method, to understand fully calcium soil intraparticle pores on its infiltrative influence.
One, the infiltrative experimental rig of individual particle inner through hole gap is studied（Abbreviation device）：
The present apparatus includes permeation unit and water supplying unit；
Permeation unit is oozed to be made of bottom plate, inlet bucket, partition board and out of the bucket；
Water supplying unit is made of three-way connection, varying head pipe and water supply bottle；
Its position and connection relation are：
From top to bottom, bottom plate, inlet bucket, partition board and out of the bucket connect successively；
Varying head pipe and water supply bottle are connect by three-way connection with water inlet bottom of the barrel water inlet pipe.
Two, the infiltrative test method of individual particle inner through hole gap is studied（Abbreviation method）
This method includes the following steps：
A, inlet bucket, partition board and out of the bucket are fixed by screws first；
B, plasticine is filled in into inlet bucket from water inlet bottom of the barrel, plasticine is made to be full of inlet bucket,
The plasticine for pressing with finger partition board center hole position is allowed to smooth；
C, plasticine is inserted into particle one end selecting experiment, having been subjected to operated in saturation, and insertion portion accounts for always
The half of volume presses circumgranular plasticine, is allowed to be in close contact with grain edges；
D, device is placed in horizontal table top, from out of the bucket top into out of the bucket, melting for a thickness about 2mm is poured towards baffle surface
Fossil waxes wait for cooled and solidified；
E, after paraffin, the epoxy resin of one layer of 1mm thickness is smeared to paraffin surface layer, waits for its solidification, stone
Wax layer and epoxy resin layer are intended to be in close contact with particle；
F, plasticine in inlet bucket is gently taken out, is placed the device in horizontal table top, is added from out of the bucket top into out of the bucket
Just to the out of the bucket apopore at the top of out of the bucket, it is intact whether observation grain edges seal water；
G, after determining that grain edges leakproofness is intact, bottom plate is mounted on water inlet bottom of the barrel, by varying head pipe, water supply bottle and water inlet
The water inlet pipe of bucket is connected using emulsion tube with three-way connection；
H, name three-way connection is respectively the 1st, 2,3 switches in the switch of varying head pipe, water supply bottle and inlet bucket direction branch；
I, the 2nd, 3 switches are opened, the 1st switch is closed, water is added into inlet bucket,
Until the inlet bucket exhaust pipe at the top of inlet bucket, makes continuous drainage, and bubble-free in inlet bucket；
J, the inlet bucket exhaust pipe at the top of inlet bucket is closed, water enters out of the bucket by penetrating through hole in particle, when in out of the bucket
The water surface rise the out of the bucket outlet pipe to out of the bucket when, close the 3rd switch, turn on the switch the 1st switch, into varying head pipe plus
Water is to top zero graduation；
K, the 2nd switch is closed, the 3rd switch is opened, the out of the bucket water outlet at the top of out of the bucket
When Guan Youshui overflows, the 3rd switch is closed, switch is opened, the water in varying head pipe is added into top zero graduation；
L, the 2nd switch is closed, starts manual time-keeping while opening the 3rd switch, and record initial head h1（cm）, by t（s）
After time, head h is recorded2（cm）；
M, it is continuously measured 5 times according to step K and L, terminates experiment；
N, calculation permeability coefficient, formula are as follows：
In formula：K-infiltration coefficient（cm/s）；
A-varying head pipe basal area（cm2）；
L-percolation path, i.e. specimen height（cm）；
t1, t2- starting, terminates the time（s）；
H1, H2- starting, terminates head（cm）.
The present invention has the advantages that following and good effect：
1. seepage flow can be made inner through hole gap can only to pass through out of particle individual particle edge isolation；
2. it is easy to operate, do not need too many tedious steps；
3. manufacturing cost is low, it can be carried out at the same time multigroup experiment, it is efficient.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the present apparatus；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the present apparatus；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of permeation unit 10；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of bottom plate 11；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of inlet bucket 12；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of partition board 13；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of out of the bucket 14；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of water supplying unit 20；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of three-way connection 21；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of varying head pipe 22；
Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of water supply bottle 23.
In figure：
10-permeation units
11-bottom plates, 111-screw holes；
12-inlet buckets,
121-inlet bucket upper flange plates, 122-inlet bucket cylinders,
123-inlet bucket lower flanges, 124-inlet bucket water inlet pipes,
125-inlet bucket exhaust pipes；
13-partition boards, 131-screw holes, 132-center holes；
14-out of the bucket,
141-out of the bucket ring flanges, 142-out of the bucket cylinders, 143-out of the bucket outlet pipes；
20-water supplying units
21-three-way connections, 211,212,213-the 1,2,3 switches；
22-varying head pipes, 221-scales, 222-tubules；
23-water supply bottles,
231-feed water inlets, 232-tanks.
Specific implementation mode
It is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
One, device
1, overall
Such as Fig. 1,2, the present apparatus includes permeation unit 10 and water supplying unit 20；
Permeation unit 10 is oozed to be made of bottom plate 11, inlet bucket 12, partition board 13 and out of the bucket 14；
Water supplying unit 20 is made of three-way connection 21, varying head pipe 22 and water supply bottle 23；
Its position and connection relation are：
From top to bottom, bottom plate 11, inlet bucket 12, partition board 13 and out of the bucket 14 connect successively；
Varying head pipe 22 and water supply bottle 23 are connect by three-way connection 21 with 12 bottom water inlet pipe 122 of inlet bucket.
Working mechanism：
In order to study the permeability of particle inner through hole gap it is necessary to make seepage flow only flowed by inner pore；Therefore, isolation particle side
Edge is difficult point, this experimental provision pours paraffin layer and epoxy resin layer closely around particle using the tentatively fixed particle of plasticine
Periphery, partition board are played a supporting role, and the experiment condition of particle inner through hole gap is realized, and infiltration coefficient is then oozed with reference to varying head
The computational methods tested thoroughly are calculated.
2, functional unit
1）Permeation unit
Such as Fig. 3, permeation unit 10 includes sequentially connected bottom plate 11, inlet bucket 12, partition board 13 and out of the bucket 14 from top to bottom.
（1）Bottom plate 11
Such as Fig. 4, bottom plate 11 is a kind of round organic glass slab being symmetrically provided with 4 screw holes 111 at edge.
Its function is：By 12 bottom lock of inlet bucket after particle fills sample.
（2）Inlet bucket 12
Such as Fig. 5, inlet bucket 12 by inlet bucket upper flange plate 121, inlet bucket cylinder 122, inlet bucket lower flange 123, inlet bucket into
Water pipe 124 and inlet bucket exhaust pipe 125 form；
Inlet bucket upper flange plate 121, inlet bucket cylinder 122 and inlet bucket lower flange 123 are vertically connected with into an entirety, into
The lower sidewall setting inlet bucket water inlet pipe 124 of bucket cylinder 122, is arranged inlet bucket exhaust pipe in 122 side wall upper part of cylinder
125。
Its function is：Auxiliary particle fills sample, is the influent side of process of osmosis.
（3）Partition board 13
Such as Fig. 6, partition board 13 be it is a kind of being symmetrically provided with 4 screw holes 131 at edge, circle there are one circular hole 132 is opened at center
Organic glass thin plate.
Its function is：It plays a supportive role to paraffin layer and epoxy resin layer.
（4）Out of the bucket 14
Such as Fig. 7, out of the bucket 14 is made of out of the bucket ring flange 141, out of the bucket cylinder 142 and out of the bucket apopore 143；
Out of the bucket ring flange 141 is connect with 142 bottom of out of the bucket cylinder, and out of the bucket apopore 143 is arranged in out of the bucket cylinder 142
The top of side wall；
Its function is：Auxiliary particle fills sample, is the water outlet side of process of osmosis.
2）Water supplying unit 20
Such as Fig. 8, water supplying unit 20 includes three-way connection 21, varying head pipe 22 and water supply bottle 23；
Three-way connection 21 is connected to varying head pipe 22 and water supply bottle 23 and inlet bucket 12 respectively；
（1）Such as Fig. 9 of three-way connection 21, three-way connection 21 is a kind of general part, including three branches, is respectively arranged with the 1st switch
211, the 2nd switch 212 and the 3rd switch 213.（2）Varying head pipe 22
Such as Figure 10, varying head pipe 22 is a transparent organic glass tubule 222 for being provided with scale 221；
Its function is：It supplies water for the permeation unit 10 of process of osmosis, and the head of any time can be provided by its high scale 221
Highly.
（3）Water supply bottle 23
Such as Figure 11, water supply bottle 23 includes feed water inlet 231 and tank 232；Tank 232 is an open-topped cuboid
Container；The lower part of 232 side wall of tank is provided with feed water inlet 231.
Its function is：It supplies water for the permeation unit 10 before infiltration, is that the varying head pipe 22 in process of osmosis supplies water.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of infiltrative experimental rig of research particle inner through hole gap, it is characterised in that：
Including permeation unit（10）And water supplying unit（20）；
Ooze permeation unit（10）By bottom plate（11）, inlet bucket（12）, partition board（13）And out of the bucket（14）Composition；
Water supplying unit（20）By three-way connection（21）, varying head pipe（22）And water supply bottle（23）Composition；
Its position and connection relation are：
From top to bottom, bottom plate（11）, inlet bucket（12）, partition board（13）And out of the bucket（14）Connect successively；
Varying head pipe（22）And water supply bottle（23）Pass through three-way connection（21）With inlet bucket（12）Bottom water inlet pipe（122）Connection.
2. experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The permeation unit（10）Including sequentially connected bottom plate from top to bottom（11）, inlet bucket（12）, partition board（13）With go out
Bucket（14）；
Bottom plate（11）It is that one kind being symmetrically provided with 4 screw holes at edge（111）Round organic glass slab；
Inlet bucket（12）By inlet bucket upper flange plate（121）, inlet bucket cylinder（122）, inlet bucket lower flange（123）, inlet bucket
Water inlet pipe（124）With inlet bucket exhaust pipe（125）Composition；Inlet bucket upper flange plate（121）, inlet bucket cylinder（122）And water inlet
Bucket lower flange（123）It is vertically connected with into an entirety, in inlet bucket cylinder（122）Lower sidewall be arranged inlet bucket water inlet pipe
（124）, in cylinder（122）Inlet bucket exhaust pipe is arranged in side wall upper part（125）；
Partition board（13）It is that one kind being symmetrically provided with 4 screw holes at edge（131）, center opens there are one circular hole（132）Circle
Organic glass thin plate；
Out of the bucket（14）By out of the bucket ring flange（141）, out of the bucket cylinder（142）With out of the bucket apopore（143）Composition；Water outlet
Bucket ring flange（141）With out of the bucket cylinder（142）Bottom connects, out of the bucket apopore（143）It is arranged in out of the bucket cylinder（142）
The top of side wall.
3. experimental rig as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The water supplying unit（20）Including three-way connection（21）, varying head pipe（22）And water supply bottle（23）；
Three-way connection（21）Respectively with varying head pipe（22）And water supply bottle（23）And inlet bucket（12）Connection；
Three-way connection（21）It is a kind of general part, including three branches, is respectively arranged with the 1st switch（211）, the 2nd switch（212）
With the 3rd switch（213）；Varying head pipe（22）It is one and is provided with scale（221）Transparent organic glass tubule（222）；
Water supply bottle（23）Including feed water inlet（231）And tank（232）；Tank（232）It is one open-topped rectangular
Body container；In tank（232）The lower part of side wall is provided with feed water inlet（231）.
4. the test method based on experimental rig described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：
A, first by inlet bucket（12）, partition board（13）And out of the bucket（14）It is fixed by screws；
B, from inlet bucket（12）Bottom is to inlet bucket（12）Plasticine is inside filled in, plasticine is made to be full of inlet bucket（12）,
Press with finger partition board（13）The plasticine of center hole position is allowed to smooth；
C, plasticine is inserted into particle one end selecting experiment, having been subjected to operated in saturation, and insertion portion accounts for always
The half of volume presses circumgranular plasticine, is allowed to be in close contact with grain edges；
D, device is placed in horizontal table top, from out of the bucket（14）Top is to out of the bucket（14）It is interior, towards partition board（13）Pour one in surface
The thawing paraffin of thickness about 2mm waits for cooled and solidified；
E, after paraffin, the epoxy resin of one layer of 1mm thickness is smeared to paraffin surface layer, waits for its solidification, stone
Wax layer and epoxy resin layer are intended to be in close contact with particle；
F, inlet bucket is gently taken out（12）Interior plasticine, places the device in horizontal table top, from out of the bucket（14）
Top is to out of the bucket（14）Interior plus water is just to out of the bucket（14）The out of the bucket apopore at top（143）, observation particle side
It is intact whether edge seals；
G, after determining that grain edges leakproofness is intact, by bottom plate（11）Mounted on inlet bucket（12）Bottom, by varying head pipe（22）、
Water supply bottle（23）With the water inlet pipe of inlet bucket（124）Utilize emulsion tube and three-way connection（21）Connection；
H, three-way connection is named（21）In varying head pipe（22）, water supply bottle（23）And inlet bucket（12）The switch of direction branch is distinguished
For the 1st, 2,3 switches（211、212、213）；
I, the 2nd, 3 switches are opened（212）、（213）, close the 1st switch（211）, to inlet bucket（12）Interior plus water, until inlet bucket
（12）The inlet bucket exhaust pipe at top（125）, make continuous drainage, and inlet bucket（12）Interior bubble-free；
J, inlet bucket is closed（12）The inlet bucket exhaust pipe at top（125）, water by particle penetrate through hole enter out of the bucket
（14）, work as out of the bucket（14）The interior water surface rises the out of the bucket outlet pipe to out of the bucket（143）When, close the 3rd switch（213）,
Turn on the switch the 1st switch（211）, to varying head pipe（22）Inside add water to top zero graduation；
K, the 2nd switch is closed（212）, open the 3rd switch（213）, work as out of the bucket（14）The out of the bucket outlet pipe at top（143）Have
When water overflows, the 3rd switch is closed（213）, open switch（211）, by varying head pipe（22）Interior water adds to top zero graduation；
L, the 2nd switch is closed（212）, open the 3rd switch（213）While start manual time-keeping, and record initial head h1
（cm）, by t（s）After time, head h is recorded2（cm）；
M, it is continuously measured 5 times according to step K and L, terminates experiment；
N, calculation permeability coefficient, formula are as follows：
In formula：K-infiltration coefficient（cm/s）；
A-varying head pipe basal area（cm2）；
L-percolation path, i.e. specimen height（cm）；
t1, t2- starting, terminates the time（s）；
H1, H2- starting, terminates head（cm）.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810498194.0A CN108444894B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810498194.0A CN108444894B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps |
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| CN111678852A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Refractory material air hole connectivity experiment mold and method |
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| CN108444894B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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