CN108444894B - Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps - Google Patents
Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps Download PDFInfo
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- CN108444894B CN108444894B CN201810498194.0A CN201810498194A CN108444894B CN 108444894 B CN108444894 B CN 108444894B CN 201810498194 A CN201810498194 A CN 201810498194A CN 108444894 B CN108444894 B CN 108444894B
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 235
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000243321 Cnidaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a test device and a method for researching penetration of particles into holes in a through hole, and relates to a calcareous sand penetration technology in the field of rock-soil mediums. The device comprises a permeation unit and a water supply unit; the infiltration unit consists of a bottom plate, a water inlet barrel, a partition plate and a water outlet barrel; the water supply unit consists of a three-way joint, a water head changing pipe and a water supply bottle; the positions and the connection relations are as follows: the bottom plate, the water inlet barrel, the partition plate and the water outlet barrel are sequentially connected from bottom to top; the variable water head pipe and the water supply bottle are connected with a water inlet pipe at the bottom of the water inlet barrel through a three-way joint. The invention can isolate the edges of single particles, so that seepage can only pass through the inner pores from the inside of the particles; the operation is simple, and complicated steps are not needed; the manufacturing cost is low, multiple groups of tests can be simultaneously carried out, and the efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calcareous sand infiltration technology in the field of geotechnical media, in particular to a test device and a method for researching penetration of particles into an inner pore space.
Background
Calcareous earth, or carbonate earth, generally refers to a special geotechnical medium that includes marine organisms (coral, seaweed, shell, etc.) that are rich in calcium carbonate or other carbonate species. The calcareous soil is in carbonate solution for a long time, and is subjected to physical and biochemical actions, wherein the carbonate sediment is formed by the crushing and cementing processes of organic scraps and rock scraps and the changing processes of certain pressure, temperature and dissolution. The original biological cavity structure is reserved in the calcareous soil particles under the influence of the material source and the forming process of the calcareous soil particles to form inner pores, and the inner pores are divided into two types of through and non-through; the penetration of the inner pores leads the calcareous soil to be different from other Liu Yuantu media, and in the infiltration process, the infiltration channels increase the penetration of particles through the inner pores on the basis of the inter-particle pores, so that the research on the penetration of the particles through the inner pores has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a test device and a method for researching the permeability of single-particle through inner pores so as to clarify the influence of the inner pores of calcareous soil on the permeability.
1. Test device (device for short) for researching permeability of single particle through inner pore:
the device comprises a permeation unit and a water supply unit;
the infiltration unit consists of a bottom plate, a water inlet barrel, a partition plate and a water outlet barrel;
the water supply unit consists of a three-way joint, a water head changing pipe and a water supply bottle;
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
the bottom plate, the water inlet barrel, the partition plate and the water outlet barrel are sequentially connected from bottom to top;
the variable water head pipe and the water supply bottle are connected with a water inlet pipe at the bottom of the water inlet barrel through a three-way joint.
2. Test method for researching single particle penetration inner pore (short method)
The method comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, fixedly connecting a water inlet barrel, a baffle plate and a water outlet barrel through screws;
B. the plasticine is plugged into the water inlet barrel from the bottom of the water inlet barrel to enable the water inlet barrel to be full of the plasticine,
pressing the plasticine at the center round hole of the partition plate by a finger to make the plasticine flat;
C. inserting one end of the particles which are selected for experiment and have been supersaturated into the plasticine, wherein the inserted part accounts for the total
Half of the volume is needed, and the plasticine around the particles is pressed to be in close contact with the edges of the particles;
D. placing the device on a horizontal table top, pouring a layer of melted paraffin with the thickness of about 2mm from the top of the water outlet barrel to the inside of the water outlet barrel, and waiting for cooling and solidification;
E. after the paraffin is solidified, coating a layer of epoxy resin with the thickness of 1mm on the surface layer of the paraffin, waiting for solidification of the epoxy resin and stone
The wax layer and the epoxy resin layer are in close contact with the particles;
F. slightly taking out plasticine in the water inlet barrel, placing the device on a horizontal table top, adding water from the top of the water outlet barrel into the water outlet barrel until the water outlet hole of the water outlet barrel is just at the top of the water outlet barrel, and observing whether the edges of the particles are sealed well;
G. after the edge tightness of the particles is well determined, the bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet barrel, and the variable water head pipe, the water supply bottle and the water inlet pipe of the water inlet barrel are connected by a latex pipe and a three-way joint;
H. the switch of the named three-way joint in the branching of the variable water head pipe, the water supply bottle and the water inlet barrel direction is a 1 st switch, a 2 nd switch and a 3 rd switch respectively;
I. the 2 nd and 3 rd switches are turned on, the 1 st switch is turned off, water is added into the water inlet barrel,
the water is continuously discharged until the exhaust pipe of the water inlet barrel at the top of the water inlet barrel, and no bubbles exist in the water inlet barrel;
J. closing a water inlet barrel exhaust pipe at the top of the water inlet barrel, enabling water to enter the water outlet barrel through a through hole in the particles, closing a 3 rd switch when the water surface in the water outlet barrel rises to a water outlet pipe of the water outlet barrel at the top of the water outlet barrel, opening a 1 st switch of the switch, and adding water into the water varying head pipe to reach the top zero scale;
K. closing the 2 nd switch, opening the 3 rd switch, and discharging water from the water outlet barrel at the top of the water outlet barrel
When water overflows from the pipe, the 3 rd switch is closed, the 3 rd switch is opened, and the water in the variable water head pipe is added to the zero graduation at the top;
l, closing the 2 nd switch, starting the stopwatch timing while opening the 3 rd switch, and recording the initial water head h 1 (cm), after t(s) time, recording the water head h 2 （cm）；
M, continuously measuring for 5 times according to the steps K and L, and ending the test;
n, calculating the permeability coefficient, and the formula is as follows:
wherein: k-permeability coefficient (cm/s);
a-cross-sectional area (cm) of variable head pipe 2 ）；
L-percolation path, i.e. sample height (cm);
t 1 ，t 2 -start, stop time(s);
H 1 ，H 2 -start, end head (cm).
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the edges of the single particles can be isolated, so that seepage can only pass through the inner pores in the particles;
(2) the operation is simple, and complicated steps are not needed;
(3) the manufacturing cost is low, multiple groups of tests can be simultaneously carried out, and the efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of the present device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present device;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the permeation unit 10;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the base plate 11;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the water inlet tub 12;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the partition plate 13;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the water outlet tub 14;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the water supply unit 20;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the three-way joint 21;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the variable head pipe 22;
fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the water supply bottle 23.
In the figure:
10-osmosis unit
11-a bottom plate and 111-screw holes;
12-a water inlet barrel,
121-upper flange plate of water inlet barrel, 122-water inlet barrel cylinder,
123-lower flange of water inlet barrel, 124-water inlet pipe of water inlet barrel,
125-a water inlet barrel exhaust pipe;
13, a partition plate, 131, a screw hole and 132, a central round hole;
14-a water outlet bucket,
141, a water outlet barrel flange, 142, a water outlet barrel cylinder and 143, a water outlet barrel water outlet pipe;
20-water supply unit
21-three-way connector, 211, 212, 213-1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd switches;
22-a variable water head pipe, 221-scales, 222-a thin pipe;
23-a water supply bottle,
231-water supply port, 232-water storage container.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
1. device and method for controlling the same
1. Overall (L)
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device comprises a permeation unit 10 and a water supply unit 20;
the infiltration unit 10 consists of a bottom plate 11, a water inlet barrel 12, a partition plate 13 and a water outlet barrel 14;
the water supply unit 20 consists of a three-way joint 21, a water varying head pipe 22 and a water supply bottle 23;
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
the bottom plate 11, the water inlet barrel 12, the partition plate 13 and the water outlet barrel 14 are sequentially connected from bottom to top;
the variable head pipe 22 and the water supply bottle 23 are connected with a water inlet pipe 122 at the bottom of the water inlet barrel 12 through a three-way joint 21.
The working mechanism is as follows:
in order to study the permeability of particles through the internal pores, it is necessary to let the seepage flow only through the internal pores; therefore, the edge of the isolation particle is a difficult point, the experimental device utilizes the plasticine to preliminarily fix the particle, the paraffin layer and the epoxy resin layer are poured to tightly surround the periphery of the particle, the partition plate plays a supporting role, the experimental condition that the particle penetrates through the inner pore is realized, and the osmotic coefficient is calculated by referring to the calculation method of the variable water head osmotic test.
2. Functional unit
1) Osmosis unit
As shown in fig. 3, the infiltration unit 10 includes a bottom plate 11, a water inlet tub 12, a partition 13, and a water outlet tub 14 connected in order from bottom to top.
(1) Bottom plate 11
As shown in FIG. 4, the bottom plate 11 is a circular organic glass thick plate symmetrically provided with 4 screw holes 111 at the edge.
The functions are as follows: the bottom of the water inlet barrel 12 is closed after the particles are loaded.
(2) Water inlet bucket 12
As shown in fig. 5, the water inlet barrel 12 is composed of a water inlet barrel upper flange 121, a water inlet barrel cylinder 122, a water inlet barrel lower flange 123, a water inlet barrel water inlet pipe 124 and a water inlet barrel exhaust pipe 125;
the upper flange 121, the cylinder 122 and the lower flange 123 are connected up and down to form a whole, the lower part of the sidewall of the cylinder 122 is provided with a water inlet pipe 124, and the upper part of the sidewall of the cylinder 122 is provided with a water inlet pipe exhaust pipe 125.
The functions are as follows: the auxiliary particles are loaded on the water inlet side of the infiltration process.
(3) Baffle 13
As shown in fig. 6, the spacer 13 is a circular organic glass sheet with 4 screw holes 131 symmetrically formed at the edges and a circular hole 132 formed at the center.
The functions are as follows: the wax layer and the epoxy resin layer are supported.
(4) Bucket 14
As shown in fig. 7, the water outlet barrel 14 is composed of a water outlet barrel flange 141, a water outlet barrel cylinder 142 and a water outlet barrel water outlet hole 143;
the water outlet barrel flange 141 is connected with the bottom of the water outlet barrel cylinder 142, and the water outlet barrel water outlet hole 143 is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the water outlet barrel cylinder 142;
the functions are as follows: the auxiliary particles are loaded, and are the water outlet side of the infiltration process.
2) Water supply unit 20
As shown in fig. 8, the water supply unit 20 includes a three-way joint 21, a variable head pipe 22, and a water supply bottle 23;
the three-way joint 21 is respectively communicated with the variable water head pipe 22 and the water supply bottle 23 as well as the water inlet barrel 12;
(1) Tee 21 as shown in fig. 9, tee 21 is a universal piece comprising three branches provided with a 1 st switch 211, a 2 nd switch 212 and a 3 rd switch 213, respectively. (2) Variable head pipe 22
As shown in fig. 10, the variable head pipe 22 is a transparent organic glass tubule 222 with graduations 221 thereon;
the functions are as follows: the infiltration unit 10 of the infiltration process is supplied with water and can be provided with a head height at any moment by its upper scale 221.
(3) Water supply bottle 23
As shown in fig. 11, the water supply bottle 23 includes a water supply port 231 and a water storage container 232; the water storage container 232 is a rectangular container with an opening at the top; a water supply port 231 is provided at a lower portion of a sidewall of the water storage container 232.
The functions are as follows: the osmotic engine 10 is supplied with water prior to osmosis and the variable head pipe 22 during osmosis is supplied with water.
Claims (1)
1. A test device for researching penetration of particles into inner pores is characterized in that:
comprises a permeation unit (10) and a water supply unit (20);
the infiltration unit (10) consists of a bottom plate (11), a water inlet barrel (12), a partition plate (13) and a water outlet barrel (14);
the water supply unit (20) consists of a three-way joint (21), a water varying head pipe (22) and a water supply bottle (23);
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
the bottom plate (11), the water inlet barrel (12), the partition plate (13) and the water outlet barrel (14) are sequentially connected from bottom to top;
the variable water head pipe (22) and the water supply bottle (23) are connected with a water inlet pipe (124) of the water inlet barrel through a three-way joint (21);
the infiltration unit (10) comprises a bottom plate (11), a water inlet barrel (12), a partition plate (13) and a water outlet barrel (14) which are sequentially connected from bottom to top;
the bottom plate (11) is a circular organic glass thick plate with 4 screw holes symmetrically arranged at the edge;
the water inlet barrel (12) consists of an upper water inlet barrel flange (121), a water inlet barrel cylinder (122), a lower water inlet barrel flange (123), a water inlet barrel water inlet pipe (124) and a water inlet barrel exhaust pipe (125); the upper flange plate (121), the cylinder (122) and the lower flange plate (123) are connected into a whole, the lower part of the side wall of the cylinder (122) is provided with a water inlet pipe (124), and the upper part of the side wall of the cylinder (122) is provided with a water inlet pipe (125);
the partition plate (13) is a circular organic glass sheet with 4 screw holes symmetrically arranged at the edge and a round hole (132) arranged at the center;
the water outlet barrel (14) consists of a water outlet barrel flange plate (141), a water outlet barrel cylinder (142) and a water outlet barrel water outlet hole (143); the water outlet barrel flange (141) is connected with the bottom of the water outlet barrel cylinder (142), and the water outlet hole (143) of the water outlet barrel is arranged at the upper part of the side wall of the water outlet barrel cylinder (142);
the water supply unit (20) comprises a three-way joint (21), a water varying head pipe (22) and a water supply bottle (23);
the three-way joint (21) is respectively communicated with the variable water head pipe (22) and the water supply bottle (23) and the water inlet barrel (12);
the three-way connector (21) is a universal piece and comprises three branches, wherein a 1 st switch (211), a 2 nd switch (212) and a 3 rd switch (213) are respectively arranged;
the variable head pipe (22) is a transparent organic glass thin pipe (222) with scales (221) thereon;
the water supply bottle (23) comprises a water supply port (231) and a water storage container (232); the water storage container (232) is a cuboid container with an opening at the top; a water supply port (231) is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the water storage container (232);
the test method of the test device comprises the following steps:
A. firstly, fixedly connecting a water inlet barrel (12), a baffle plate (13) and a water outlet barrel (14) through screws;
B. the rubber clay is plugged into the water inlet barrel (12) from the bottom of the water inlet barrel (12) to enable the water inlet barrel (12) to be full of the rubber clay,
pressing the plasticine at the center round hole of the partition plate (13) with a finger to make the plasticine flat;
C. one end of the particle which is selected in the experiment and is in supersaturation operation is inserted into the plasticine, the inserted part occupies half of the total volume, and the plasticine around the particle is pressed to be in close contact with the edge of the particle;
D. placing the device on a horizontal table top, pouring a layer of melted paraffin with the thickness of 2mm from the top of a water outlet barrel (14) into the water outlet barrel (14) towards the surface of a partition plate (13), and waiting for cooling and solidification;
E. after the paraffin is solidified, coating a layer of epoxy resin with the thickness of 1mm on the surface layer of the paraffin, waiting for solidification, wherein the paraffin layer and the epoxy resin layer are in close contact with the particles;
F. slightly taking out the plasticine in the water inlet barrel (12), placing the device on a horizontal table top, and discharging the plasticine from the water outlet barrel (14)
A water outlet pipe (143) of the water outlet barrel (14) is added with water from the top to the top of the water outlet barrel (14), and whether the edges of the particles are sealed well is observed;
G. after the edge tightness of the particles is well determined, the bottom plate (11) is arranged at the bottom of the water inlet barrel (12),
the variable water head pipe (22), the water supply bottle (23) and the water inlet pipe (124) of the water inlet barrel are connected with the three-way joint (21) by latex pipes;
H. the switch of the named three-way joint (21) in the branching direction of the variable water head pipe (22), the water supply bottle (23) and the water inlet barrel (12) is a 1 st switch, a 2 nd switch and a 3 rd switch (211, 212 and 213);
I. the 2 nd and 3 rd switches (212) and (213) are opened, the 1 st switch (211) is closed, water is added into the water inlet barrel (12) until the water inlet barrel exhaust pipe (125) at the top of the water inlet barrel (12) is used for continuously draining water, and no air bubble exists in the water inlet barrel (12);
J. closing a water inlet barrel exhaust pipe (125) at the top of a water inlet barrel (12), enabling water to enter a water outlet barrel (14) through a through hole in particles, closing a 3 rd switch (213) when the water surface in the water outlet barrel (14) rises to a water outlet barrel water outlet pipe (143) at the top of the water outlet barrel, opening a 1 st switch (211) of the switch, and adding water into a variable water head pipe (22) to reach a zero scale at the top;
K. the 2 nd switch (212) is closed, the 3 rd switch (213) is opened, when water overflows from the water outlet pipe (143) of the water outlet barrel (14) at the top, the 3 rd switch (213) is closed, the 1 st switch (211) is opened,
adding water in the variable water head pipe (22) to the top zero scale;
l, closing the 2 nd switch (212), opening the 3 rd switch (213) and simultaneously starting the stopwatch timing, and recording the initial water head h 1 (cm), after t(s) time, recording the water head h 2 (cm)；
M, continuously measuring for 5 times according to the steps K and L, and ending the test;
n, calculating the permeability coefficient, and the formula is as follows:
wherein: k-permeability coefficient (cm/s);
a-cross-sectional area (cm) of variable head pipe 2 )；
L-percolation path, i.e. sample height (cm);
t 1 ，t 2 -start, stop time(s);
H 1 ，H 2 -start, end head (cm).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810498194.0A CN108444894B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810498194.0A CN108444894B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Test device and method for researching penetration of particles into through-hole gaps |
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| CN108444894B true CN108444894B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109459364B (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-04-09 | 河海大学 | Test device and method for reinforcing calcareous coarse-grained soil based on MICP |
| CN111678852A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Refractory material air hole connectivity experiment mold and method |
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| CN108061696A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-22 | 河海大学 | A kind of device and method of indoor test mud film infiltration coefficient |
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- 2018-05-23 CN CN201810498194.0A patent/CN108444894B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2836227A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-08-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Method for evaluating physical parameters of oil well from rocky debris, comprises pressurizing the debris, measuring evolution of pressure or volume and aligning results with theoretical parameters |
| CN101788451A (en) * | 2010-02-09 | 2010-07-28 | 浙江树人大学 | Silt anti-permeability strength measuring equipment and method |
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| CN108444894A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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