CN108444848B - Multi-parameter test device for gas-containing coal rock cracking process under dynamic-static coupling effect - Google Patents
Multi-parameter test device for gas-containing coal rock cracking process under dynamic-static coupling effect Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
A multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock fracture process under the action of dynamic-static coupling belongs to the technical field of dynamic-static load gas-containing coal rock fracture test devices. The multi-parameter test device for the gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling comprises a pressure-resistant cavity, a pore flow pressure system, a confining pressure and a hydraulic transmission system, wherein an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in the pressure-resistant cavity, a coal rock sample is arranged between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, one end of a dynamic load pressure rod passes through a flange cover to be connected with the upper pressure head, the other end of the dynamic load pressure rod passes through a first cylindrical connecting piece to be coaxially connected with a piston of a dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, one end of the static load pressure rod passes through a flange plate to be connected with the lower pressure head, and the other end of the static load pressure rod is coaxially connected with the top of a stress sensor. The multi-parameter test device for the gas-containing coal rock fracture process under the action of dynamic-static coupling establishes the coupling action mechanism of three loads on the mechanical behavior evolution and instability of a coal rock test piece, and reveals the intrinsic source damage mechanism of the gas-containing coal rock in a deep mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dynamic-static load gas-containing or water-containing coal rock damage testing devices, in particular to a multi-parameter testing device for a gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling.
Background
In recent years, the coal industry formally enters a deep mining stage, under the action of deep 'three-high-disturbance', the scale of burst pressure and coal and gas outburst accidents and the occurrence frequency show obvious rising trend, especially the occurrence of composite dynamic disaster accidents with burst pressure and coal and gas outburst characteristics occurs, and deep analysis of disaster characterization is that coal bodies in deep high-stress and gas pressure environments are instable due to ergonomic disturbance. The method is used for actively developing a coal impact load damage test under a high-stress and gas pressure environment, definitely carrying out damage characteristics, exploring a coal solid-gas coupling action mechanics mechanism, revealing impact-outstanding composite disaster essence, clearing acoustic emission and charge signal space-time evolution rules in the carrying process, and providing a deep coal instability comprehensive judgment method based on acoustic emission and charge induction precursor information, which has important scientific significance and engineering value for improving the deep mine production environment and realizing safe and efficient exploitation of deep coal resources.
At present, the mechanical test device under the impact load of coal and rock mass is relatively less, the existing research mainly utilizes an SHBP device but the experimental process is complex, and the device for carrying out impact load damage tests of coal bodies under different confining pressures and pore flow pressures and simultaneously carrying out coal and rock damage evolution, acoustic emission and charge signal real-time monitoring in the whole loaded damage process is not reported yet. The inoculation generation mechanism of the deep impact-outburst composite disaster and the establishment of the precursor signal identification and judgment method not only need to be studied deeply in theory, but also need to develop corresponding physical test research at major points, so that the development of the test device which is convenient to operate and high in applicability and can collect and record acoustic emission and charge induction signals generated in the process of destroying a gas-containing or water-containing coal body under the action of high confining pressure and impact load is necessary.
In order to integrate field actual measurement and theoretical analysis and enable the test device to reflect different stress states of deep coal bodies and engineering disturbance impact load stress environments as truly as possible, acoustic emission and charge signals generated along with the loaded destruction process are more fully collected, and the device meets the following necessary conditions: (1) static loading can be carried out, and high pore flow pressure, axial pressure and confining pressure are applied to the coal rock mass so as to simulate an original loaded state; (2) the dynamic loading of the coal body can be improved, so that the impact test is simple, convenient and feasible to develop; (3) the whole loaded damage process can be observed by the window; (4) the method has reasonable acquisition probe layout method, has the function of high-speed acquisition of signals, and fully acquires, records and stores acoustic emission and charge signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock fracture process under the action of dynamic-static coupling, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and accurate parameters, can apply different confining pressures and pore flow pressures on coal rock, has a simple operation method for applying impact load to coal bodies, can acquire stress, strain and pore flow pressure changes generated in the fracture process, monitors and acquires fracture evolution characteristics of coal rock fracture surfaces, acoustic emission and charge signal space-time evolution rules in real time, and provides theoretical basis and engineering guidance for exploring the deep impact-outburst composite disaster inoculation development process and establishing a deep coal body instability comprehensive judgment method based on acoustic emission-charge signals.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling, which comprises a pressure-resistant cavity, a pore flow pressure system, a confining pressure and a hydraulic transmission system;
an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in the pressure-resistant cavity, a coal rock sample is arranged between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, a first opening is arranged at the upper part of the pressure-resistant cavity, the first opening is connected with a flange cover, the top of the flange cover is connected with the bottom of a first cylindrical connecting piece, the top of the first cylindrical connecting piece is connected with the shell of a dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, a dynamic load pressure rod is arranged in the first cylindrical connecting piece, one end of the dynamic load pressure rod penetrates through the flange cover to be connected with the upper pressure head, the other end penetrates through the first cylindrical connecting piece to be coaxially connected with a piston of the dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, a second opening is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity, the second opening is connected with a flange plate, a plurality of fluid-tight transmission holes are formed in the flange plate, the bottom of the flange plate is connected with the top of a second cylindrical connecting piece, the bottom of the second cylindrical connecting piece is connected with the top of the static hydraulic cylinder shell, the bottom of the static hydraulic cylinder shell is fixedly arranged on the base, a static pressure lever is arranged in the second cylindrical connecting piece, one end of the static pressure lever penetrates through the flange plate to be connected with the lower pressure head, the other end of the static pressure lever is coaxially connected with the top of the stress sensor, the bottom of the stress sensor is connected with the piston of the static hydraulic cylinder, two sides of the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity are respectively connected with the top of one lifting cylinder, the bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base, a plurality of pressure-resistant windows and a plurality of electrode seats are arranged in the middle of the pressure-resistant cavity along the circumferential direction, an acoustic emission probe is fixedly arranged on the surface of the coal rock sample, a data line of the acoustic emission probe is led out through the fluid airtight transmission hole and is connected with the acquisition instrument, a micro-electric induction pole piece is arranged in a gap between the pressure-resistant cavity and the coal rock sample;
the pore flow pressure system comprises a first external air source, a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter, wherein the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure regulating valve through a pipeline, the pressure regulating valve is connected with the first external air source through a pipeline, the upper pressure head is provided with a pore flow pressure inlet, the pore flow pressure inlet is connected with one end, close to a pressure-resistant cavity, of a fluid airtight transmission hole through a pipeline, the other end of the fluid airtight transmission hole is connected with the pressure gauge through a pipeline, the lower pressure head is provided with a pore flow pressure outlet, the pore flow pressure outlet is connected with one end, close to the pressure-resistant cavity, of another fluid airtight transmission hole through a pipeline, and the other end of the fluid airtight transmission hole is connected with the flowmeter through a pipeline;
the confining pressure is provided by an external air source, and a second external air source is filled into the pressure-resistant cavity through the fluid airtight transmission hole;
the hydraulic transmission system comprises an oil tank, a dynamic load oil circuit, a static load oil circuit and a lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit, wherein the oil tank is provided with a motor pump, the motor pump provides a power source for the dynamic load oil circuit, the static load oil circuit and the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit, the dynamic load oil circuit comprises two bag-type energy accumulators, a first pressure transmitter, an electromagnetic valve and a proportional valve, the proportional valve is connected with the dynamic load oil cylinder, a servo valve of the static load oil circuit is connected with the static load oil cylinder, and the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit is connected with the lifting oil cylinder.
And a thermoplastic sleeve is wrapped outside the coal rock sample.
The gap between the pressure-resistant cavity and the flange plate is sealed through a rubber sealing ring, a threaded hole is formed in the flange plate, and the flange plate is in threaded connection with the pressure-resistant cavity.
The upper pressure head is provided with a first circular groove at one end connected with the dynamic pressure bar, the dynamic pressure bar is inserted into the first circular groove, the static pressure bar is provided with a second circular groove at one end connected with the lower pressure head, and the lower pressure head is inserted into the second circular groove.
The section of one end of the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, which is connected with the coal rock sample, is square or round at the same time.
One side of the second cylindrical connecting piece is provided with a hollowed-out chute, the static load compression bar is vertically connected with the tip rod, and the tip rod is in sliding connection with the grating sensor through the hollowed-out chute.
The number of the voltage-resistant windows is 2, and the number of the electrode holders is 4.
The number of the acoustic emission probes is 6-12.
The multi-parameter test device for the gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling has the beneficial effects that: the method can simulate the loading stress state of underground coal and rock and impact disturbance induced by human mining activities more truly, observe the loading damage process of coal and rock, monitor the stress, axial strain, gas or water pressure in the damage process and acoustic emission and charge signal space-time evolution rules in the damage process under the combined action of the environmental pressure, pore flow pressure and impact load of gas or water coal and rock, determine the influence and connection of the stress environment, pore flow pressure and impact load on coal and rock damage, establish the coupling action mechanism of three loads on the mechanical behavior evolution and instability of a coal and rock test piece, reveal the damage origin mechanism of the deep mine gas or water coal and rock, and provide a reliable test basis for preventing and controlling coal and rock body dynamic disasters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock fracture process under the action of dynamic-static coupling provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a pressure resistant chamber with a window provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a flange provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a flange provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic drive system provided by the present invention.
Wherein,
the hydraulic pressure test device comprises a 1-pressure-resistant cavity, a 2-flange cover, a 3-flange plate, a 4-dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, a 5-first cylindrical connecting piece, a 6-dynamic load pressure lever, a 7-coal rock sample, an 8-upper pressure head, a 9-lower pressure head, a 10-pressure-resistant window, an 11-electrode holder, a 12-static load pressure lever, a 13-second cylindrical connecting piece, a 14-lifting cylinder, a 15-stress sensor, a 16-static load hydraulic cylinder, a 17-base, a 18-micro-electric induction pole piece, a 19-fluid closed transmission hole, a 20-oil tank, a 21-dynamic load oil circuit, a 22-static load oil circuit and a 23-lifting cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides a multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling, which comprises a pressure-resistant cavity 1, a pore flow pressure system and a hydraulic transmission system, wherein in the embodiment, the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is of a cylindrical structure made of cast steel, has high air tightness, and is preferably 40Cr steel;
an upper pressure head 8 and a lower pressure head 9 are arranged in the pressure-resistant cavity 1, a coal rock sample 7 is arranged between the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9, a thermoplastic sleeve is wrapped outside the coal rock sample 7, the connection parts of the upper part and the lower part of the coal rock sample 7, which are respectively connected with the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9, are tightly pressed by sealing rings, the cross sections of one ends of the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9, which are respectively connected with the coal rock sample 7, are square or round at the same time, in the embodiment, the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9 are both made of high-strength steel, the upper pressure head 8 is in a round table shape, the lower pressure head 9 is in a cylindrical shape, the coal rock sample 7 is fixed between the end surfaces of the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9, the thermoplastic sleeve wrapped outside is isolated from the pressure environment inside the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the cross sections of one ends of the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9, which are respectively connected with the coal rock sample 7, are square 50mm or round with the diameter 50mm, and the impact load test of the coal rock sample 7 with gas in triaxial conditions of different sizes can be realized;
the upper part of the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is provided with a first opening, the first opening is connected with the flange cover 2, the top of the flange cover 2 is connected with the bottom of the first cylindrical connecting piece 5, the top of the first cylindrical connecting piece 5 is connected with the shell of the dynamic load hydraulic cylinder 4, the flange cover 2, the first cylindrical connecting piece 5 and the shell of the dynamic load hydraulic cylinder 4 are connected through high-strength bolts, the strength and stability of the connection parts of the components are fully ensured, the first cylindrical connecting piece 5 is internally provided with a dynamic load pressure rod 6, one end of the dynamic load pressure rod 6 passes through the flange cover 2 and is connected with an upper pressure head 8, the other end passes through the first cylindrical connecting piece 5 and is coaxially connected with a piston of the dynamic load hydraulic cylinder 4, the dynamic load pressure rod 6 moves in the first cylindrical connecting piece 5, one end of the upper pressure head 8 and the dynamic load pressure rod 6 are provided with a first circular groove, the dynamic load pressure rod 6 is inserted into the first circular groove, the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is provided with a second opening, the second opening is connected with a flange plate 3, a gap between the cavity 1 and the flange plate 3 is sealed through rubber sealing ring 3, a threaded hole is formed in the flange plate 3, the pressure-resistant cavity is connected with the flange plate 3, the pressure-resistant cavity is fully provided with the pressure-resistant stability of the pressure-resistant cavity, and the pressure-resistant cavity is a pressure-resistant channel, and the pressure-resistant cavity is a pressure-resistant safety sealing device is provided with a pressure-resistant sealing device, and is;
the flange 3 is provided with a plurality of fluid-tight transmission holes 19, pore flow pressure applied from the outside and cavity internal confining pressure are filled into the pressure-resistant cavity 1 through the fluid-tight transmission holes 19, wires of an acoustic emission probe are led into the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the bottom of the flange 3 is connected with the top of the second cylindrical connecting piece 13, in the embodiment, the bottom of the flange 3 is fixedly connected with the top of the second cylindrical connecting piece 13 by adopting high-strength bolts, the bottom of the second cylindrical connecting piece 13 is connected with the top of the shell of the static hydraulic cylinder 16, the bottom of the shell of the static hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixedly arranged on the base 17, the flange 3, the second cylindrical connecting piece 13 and the shell of the static hydraulic cylinder 16 are connected by the high-strength bolts, the strength and the stability of the connecting parts are fully ensured, the static pressure rod 12 is arranged in the second cylindrical connecting piece 13, the material of the static load compression bar 12 is steel, one end of the static load compression bar 12 passes through the flange 3 to be connected with the lower pressure head 9, the other end is coaxially connected with the top of the stress sensor 15, one end of the static load compression bar 12 connected with the lower pressure head 9 is provided with a second circular groove, the lower pressure head 9 is inserted into the second circular groove, the bottom of the stress sensor 15 is connected with the piston of the static load hydraulic cylinder 16, in the embodiment, the stress sensor 15 is a spoke type stress sensor, the bottom of the stress sensor 15 is coaxially connected with the piston of the static load hydraulic cylinder 16, the static load hydraulic cylinder 16 provides 400kN of load, the stress sensor 15 is pushed by the static load hydraulic cylinder 16 to move, and then the stress sensor 15 is pushed by the static load compression bar 12 to reciprocate in the second cylindrical connecting piece 13 so as to achieve the purpose of loading and unloading, and the stress sensor 15 is used for monitoring the stress change in the loading and unloading process;
the two sides of the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity 1 are respectively connected with the top of one lifting oil cylinder 14, threaded holes are reserved on the two sides of the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is in threaded connection with the two lifting oil cylinders 14 at the lower part, the two lifting oil cylinders 14 are symmetrically arranged by taking the axis of the pressure-resistant cavity 1 as a symmetrical axis, the lifting oil cylinders 14 are used for automatically lifting the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the bottoms of the lifting oil cylinders 14 are fixedly arranged on a base 17, in the embodiment, the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is mechanically opened or closed by the lifting oil cylinders 14, after the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is closed, the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is tightly connected with a flange plate 3, and 12 high-strength bolts penetrate through the threaded holes to fixedly check the pressure-resistant cavity 1, so that the pressure stability of the pressure-resistant cavity 1 and the safety of a test device are ensured;
the middle part of withstand voltage cavity 1 is provided with a plurality of withstand voltage window 10 and a plurality of electrode holder 11 along circumference, withstand voltage window 10 is 2, electrode holder 11 is 4, withstand voltage window 10 is withstand voltage cobalt glass window, coal rock sample 7 surface has set firmly the acoustic emission probe, coal rock sample 7 surface utilizes the couplant to be fixed with the acoustic emission probe, acoustic emission probe is 6-12, the data line of acoustic emission probe is derived through the airtight transmission hole 19 of fluid to be connected with the collection station, the clearance between withstand voltage cavity 1 and the coal rock sample 7 is provided with micro-electric induction pole piece 18. In this embodiment, the electrode holder is a charge induction electrode holder, a copper electrode rod is arranged in the electrode holder, the micro-electrode induction pole piece 18 is connected in the cavity of the electrode rod, the outside of the cavity of the electrode rod is connected with the shielding wire, and the electrode holder is mainly used for transmitting micro-electric signals generated by the micro-electrode induction pole piece 18 and guaranteeing the pressure stability in the cavity; the micro-electric induction pole piece 18 is a nickel alloy micro-electric induction pole piece, is a circular sheet-shaped metal member made of nickel alloy, and is used for monitoring micro-electric abnormality generated in the damage process of the coal rock sample 7 by utilizing a charge induction principle, wherein the micro-electric abnormality causes the micro-electric induction pole piece 18 to generate induction charges; the signal collected by the acoustic emission probe is communicated with the outside through the fluid airtight transmission hole 19 in a sealing way, and the corresponding signal is transmitted to the signal preamplifier, the collector and the computer for signal storage and subsequent processing.
The pore flow pressure system comprises a first external air source, a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter, wherein the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure regulating valve through a pipeline, the pressure regulating valve is connected with the first external air source through a pipeline, in the embodiment, the pressure gauge is a high-precision digital pressure gauge, the external air source provides pore flow pressure air, the pressure regulating valve is used for controlling the pressure and is displayed by the high-precision digital pressure gauge, the fluid seal transmission hole 19 of the flange plate 3 is used for guiding externally applied pore flow pressure and ambient pressure into the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the external power supply is also used as a wire hole to be transmitted into the pressure-resistant cavity 1, the upper pressure head 8 is provided with a pore flow pressure inlet, the pore flow pressure inlet is connected with one end of one fluid seal transmission hole 19 close to the pressure-resistant cavity 1 through a pipeline, the other end of the fluid seal transmission hole 19 is connected with the pressure gauge through a pipeline, the lower pressure head 9 is provided with a pore flow pressure outlet, the pore flow pressure outlet is connected with one end of the other fluid seal transmission hole 19 close to the pressure-resistant cavity 1 through a pipeline, the other end of the fluid seal transmission hole 19 is connected with the flowmeter, the pore flow pressure change in the loading process is monitored through the flowmeter, the pore flow pressure in the embodiment, the pore flow pressure is different from the pore flow pressure steel flow pressure inlet and the pipeline and pore flow pressure coal pressure sample through the pipeline and pore flow pressure outlet;
the confining pressure is provided by an external air source, the second external air source is filled into the pressure-resistant cavity through the fluid-tight transmission hole 19 and reaches the set value, and the maximum pressure of the air pressure is 12MPa;
the hydraulic transmission system comprises an oil tank 20, a dynamic load oil path 21, a static load oil path 22 and a lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil path 23, all the oil paths are mutually independent and controlled by corresponding programs, an electrification module is used for controlling loading and unloading tests, the oil tank 20 is provided with a motor pump, the motor pump provides a power source for the dynamic load oil path 21, the static load oil path 22 and the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil path 23, the dynamic load oil path 21 comprises two bag-type accumulators, a first pressure transmitter, an electromagnetic valve and a proportional valve, the proportional valve is connected with the dynamic load hydraulic oil cylinder 4, a servo valve of the static load oil path 22 is connected with the static load hydraulic oil cylinder 16, the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil path 23 is connected with the lifting oil cylinder 14, in this embodiment, the dynamic load oil path 21 provides an axial dynamic load for a test device, a plurality of energy storage devices are connected in series in the dynamic load oil path 21, the hydraulic oil is pumped into the energy storage devices through the proportional valve and reaches a set value, the static load oil path 22 is controlled by a large-flow electromagnetic valve to achieve the purpose of impact loading, the static load is provided for the test device, the servo valve is controlled by the program, the servo valve is connected with the hydraulic oil pump or the lifting oil cylinder 16 is synchronously loaded and unloaded by the lifting oil cylinders 14, and the purposes of the lifting oil cylinders are balanced and the lifting speed of the test pieces are remarkably controlled.
One side of the second cylindrical connecting piece 13 is provided with a hollow sliding groove, the static load compression bar 12 is vertically connected with a tip rod, the tip rod is in sliding connection with a grating sensor through the hollow sliding groove, in the embodiment, the tip rod is a steel tip rod, the grating sensor is a high-precision grating sensor, and the movement and load condition of the static load compression bar 12 are monitored through the grating sensor.
The following describes a one-time use procedure of the present invention:
test preparation stage: firstly, selecting a corresponding upper pressure head 8 and a corresponding lower pressure head 9 according to the shape of a test coal rock sample 7, respectively fixing two ends of the coal rock sample 7 on the upper pressure head 8 and the lower pressure head 9 by using adhesive tapes and wrapping the two ends by using thermoplastic sleeves, arranging the lower pressure head 9 on a static load pressure lever 12, respectively connecting one end of a stainless steel pipe line with a steel pore flow pressure inlet of the upper pressure head, winding the pipe line around the sample for two circles to prevent the pipe line from being broken due to insufficient length in the loading process, connecting the other end of the pipe line with a fluid-tight transmission hole 19 of a lower flange plate, connecting one end of the fluid-tight transmission hole 19 far away from a pressure-resistant cavity 1 with a pressure gauge, a pressure stabilizing valve, an air source or a water pressure source, selecting one end of another stainless steel pipe line to be connected with a pore flow pressure outlet of the lower pressure head, winding the stainless steel pipe line around the sample for two circles, connecting the other end of the stainless steel pipe line with another fluid-tight transmission hole 19 of the flange plate, the end of the fluid airtight transmission hole 19 far away from the pressure-resistant cavity 1 is connected with a flowmeter, a corresponding number of acoustic emission probes are selected according to experimental requirements, the acoustic emission probes are fixed on the surface of a coal body by using coupling glue, the acoustic emission probes are distributed according to an acoustic emission positioning monitoring method, an acoustic emission probe data line is led out and connected with an external acquisition instrument through the fluid airtight transmission hole 19 positioned on a flange plate, an electrode seat 11 is connected with the acquisition instrument, signals are debugged, a program is started, a lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit 23 is started to control a lifting oil cylinder 14 to descend so as to enable the pressure-resistant cavity 1 and the flange plate 3 to be closed and tightly calibrated, a static load oil circuit 22 is started to apply an initial preload to a test piece by using a static load hydraulic oil cylinder 16, gas confining pressure is flushed into the cavity to a target value, then a pore-flow pressure environment is applied to the coal rock sample 7 through the fluid airtight transmission hole 19 until the pressure is stable and fluid is kept filled, the high-speed camera frame is arranged outside one pressure-resistant window 10, and the light source is arranged outside the other pressure-resistant window 10.
Test stage: the stress sensor 15 is cleared, an axial loading path is set, the corresponding loading rate is set to the set axial pressure, meanwhile, the acoustic emission acquisition system and the charge monitoring system clear and adjust corresponding parameters, after the equipment is adjusted, the press, the fluid pressure monitoring equipment, the camera, the acoustic emission acquisition system and the charge monitoring system are started at the same time to acquire various parameter changes, the impact load rate is set to start the dynamic load oil way 21 to store energy, and when the energy storage reaches a rated working state, the upper dynamic load hydraulic cylinder 4 is started to apply dynamic load impact to the coal rock sample 7 until the test coal rock sample 7 loses the bearing capacity, and the acquisition and the storage of test results are stopped.
Post-test treatment: after the storage of each parameter is finished, the pore fluid pressure is firstly removed, then the confining pressure and the axial pressure are respectively removed, the lifting oil cylinder 14 is started to open the pressure-resistant cavity 1, and the test coal rock sample 7 is taken out.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-parameter test device for a gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling is characterized by comprising a pressure-resistant cavity, a pore flow pressure system, a confining pressure and a hydraulic transmission system;
an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in the pressure-resistant cavity, a coal rock sample is arranged between the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, a first opening is arranged at the upper part of the pressure-resistant cavity, the first opening is connected with a flange cover, the top of the flange cover is connected with the bottom of a first cylindrical connecting piece, the top of the first cylindrical connecting piece is connected with the shell of a dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, a dynamic load pressure rod is arranged in the first cylindrical connecting piece, one end of the dynamic load pressure rod penetrates through the flange cover to be connected with the upper pressure head, the other end penetrates through the first cylindrical connecting piece to be coaxially connected with a piston of the dynamic load hydraulic cylinder, a second opening is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity, the second opening is connected with a flange plate, a plurality of fluid-tight transmission holes are formed in the flange plate, the bottom of the flange plate is connected with the top of a second cylindrical connecting piece, the bottom of the second cylindrical connecting piece is connected with the top of the static hydraulic cylinder shell, the bottom of the static hydraulic cylinder shell is fixedly arranged on the base, a static pressure lever is arranged in the second cylindrical connecting piece, one end of the static pressure lever penetrates through the flange plate to be connected with the lower pressure head, the other end of the static pressure lever is coaxially connected with the top of the stress sensor, the bottom of the stress sensor is connected with the piston of the static hydraulic cylinder, two sides of the lower part of the pressure-resistant cavity are respectively connected with the top of one lifting cylinder, the bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the base, a plurality of pressure-resistant windows and a plurality of electrode seats are arranged in the middle of the pressure-resistant cavity along the circumferential direction, an acoustic emission probe is fixedly arranged on the surface of the coal rock sample, a data line of the acoustic emission probe is led out through the fluid airtight transmission hole and is connected with the acquisition instrument, a micro-electric induction pole piece is arranged in a gap between the pressure-resistant cavity and the coal rock sample;
the pore flow pressure system comprises a first external air source, a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge and a flowmeter, wherein the pressure gauge is connected with the pressure regulating valve through a pipeline, the pressure regulating valve is connected with the first external air source through a pipeline, the upper pressure head is provided with a pore flow pressure inlet, the pore flow pressure inlet is connected with one end, close to a pressure-resistant cavity, of a fluid airtight transmission hole through a pipeline, the other end of the fluid airtight transmission hole is connected with the pressure gauge through a pipeline, the lower pressure head is provided with a pore flow pressure outlet, the pore flow pressure outlet is connected with one end, close to the pressure-resistant cavity, of another fluid airtight transmission hole through a pipeline, and the other end of the fluid airtight transmission hole is connected with the flowmeter through a pipeline;
the confining pressure is provided by an external air source, and a second external air source is filled into the pressure-resistant cavity through the fluid airtight transmission hole;
the hydraulic transmission system comprises an oil tank, a dynamic load oil circuit, a static load oil circuit and a lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit, wherein the oil tank is provided with a motor pump, the motor pump provides a power source for the dynamic load oil circuit, the static load oil circuit and the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit, the dynamic load oil circuit comprises two bag-type energy accumulators, a first pressure transmitter, an electromagnetic valve and a proportional valve, the proportional valve is connected with the dynamic load oil cylinder, a servo valve of the static load oil circuit is connected with the static load oil cylinder, and the lifting oil cylinder loading and unloading oil circuit is connected with the lifting oil cylinder.
2. The multi-parameter test device for gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein a thermoplastic sleeve is wrapped outside the coal rock sample.
3. The multi-parameter test device for the gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the pressure-resistant cavity and the flange plate is sealed through a rubber sealing ring, a threaded hole is formed in the flange plate, and the flange plate is in threaded connection with the pressure-resistant cavity.
4. The multi-parameter test device for the cracking process of gas-containing coal and rock under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein a first circular groove is formed at one end of the upper pressure head connected with the dynamic pressure rod, the dynamic pressure rod is inserted into the first circular groove, a second circular groove is formed at one end of the static pressure rod connected with the lower pressure head, and the lower pressure head is inserted into the second circular groove.
5. The multi-parameter test device for the gas-containing coal rock cracking process under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein the sections of one ends, connected with the coal rock sample, of the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are square or round at the same time.
6. The multi-parameter test device for the cracking process of gas-containing coal and rock under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein one side of the second cylindrical connecting piece is provided with a hollow chute, the static load compression bar is vertically connected with a tip rod, and the tip rod is in sliding connection with the grating sensor through the hollow chute.
7. The multi-parameter test device for the cracking process of gas-containing coal and rock under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein the number of pressure-resistant windows is 2, and the number of electrode holders is 4.
8. The multi-parameter test device for the cracking process of gas-containing coal and rock under the action of dynamic-static coupling according to claim 1, wherein the number of the acoustic emission probes is 6-12.
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