CN107727508B - Coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device - Google Patents
Coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727508B CN107727508B CN201711120011.3A CN201711120011A CN107727508B CN 107727508 B CN107727508 B CN 107727508B CN 201711120011 A CN201711120011 A CN 201711120011A CN 107727508 B CN107727508 B CN 107727508B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/066—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with electrical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0232—High pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0617—Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
Coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device belongs to mining technical field. The coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device comprises a base, a test cavity, an axial pressure applying system, a confining pressure applying system, a pore flow pressure simulating system, a temperature applying system, a charge collecting system, an acoustic emission signal collecting system, a strain collecting system and a data collecting and analyzing device; the test cavity comprises a steel pressure-resistant cavity and a sealing flange plate, a transmission rod is arranged in the middle of the sealing flange plate, and an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in a closed space formed by the steel pressure-resistant cavity and the sealing flange plate; the pore flow pressure simulation system comprises a first pore flow pressure port arranged on the upper pressure head, a second pore flow pressure port arranged on the lower pressure head, a first flow pressure transmission hole and a second flow pressure transmission hole which are arranged on the sealing flange plate, a flowmeter and a flow pressure applying system; the temperature application system comprises an electric control heating belt wound on the surface of the thermoplastic sleeve; the axial pressure application system includes an axial hydraulic ram and a pressure sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining, in particular to a coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device.
Background
The long-term mechanical behavior of coal and rock is an important research direction for researching the field of rock mechanics, and is also an engineering hot spot problem. In recent years, the coal industry formally enters a deep mining stage, a deep coal rock body is subjected to high ground stress and also subjected to high osmotic pressure and high ground temperature coupling, so that the problem of stability of original rock stress is particularly highlighted when mining engineering activities are changed, rock burst and coal and gas outburst accidents are induced, development of long-term mechanical behaviors of the coal rock body under the high ground stress-high osmotic pressure-high ground temperature coupling is extremely important, the understanding of a disaster inoculation mechanism of the coal rock body under deep high stress, high osmotic pressure and high ground temperature environments is facilitated, a multi-parameter monitoring method is more reasonably provided, corresponding coal rock body instability disaster judgment and prevention technology is established, and the method has important scientific significance and engineering value for realizing deep coal safety mining.
At present, the triaxial mechanical behavior test device for the coal and rock mass is relatively few, particularly, the test device capable of simultaneously carrying out the long-term strength test of the coal mass by using two influencing factors of pore flow pressure and temperature is more rare, and the research on the occurrence mechanism of rock burst inoculation of the deep coal mass is not only needed to be studied theoretically, but also corresponding test research is needed to be carried out, so that the test device capable of obtaining the mechanical behavior of the coal and rock mass under the coupling action of stress field, seepage field and temperature field and multiple fields and monitoring the physical signals generated in the cracking process is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device which comprises a base, a test cavity, an axial pressure applying system, a confining pressure applying system, a pore flow pressure simulating system, a temperature applying system, a charge collecting system, an acoustic emission signal collecting system, a strain collecting system and a data collecting and analyzing device, wherein the test cavity and the axial pressure applying system are arranged on the base;
the test cavity comprises a steel pressure-resistant cavity and a sealing flange plate arranged at the bottom of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, a transmission rod is arranged in the middle of the sealing flange plate, an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in a closed space formed by the steel pressure-resistant cavity and the sealing flange plate, the lower pressure head is connected with the transmission rod, one end of a sample is fixed on the lower pressure head, the upper pressure head is fixed at the other end of the sample, an upper pressure head limiting hole is arranged in the steel pressure-resistant cavity, and the outer surface of the sample is wrapped with a thermoplastic sleeve;
the pore flow pressure simulation system comprises a first pore flow pressure port arranged on the side wall of the upper pressure head, a second pore flow pressure port arranged on the side wall of the lower pressure head, a first flow pressure transmission hole and a second flow pressure transmission hole which are arranged on the sealing flange plate, a flowmeter and a flow pressure applying system, wherein the first pore flow pressure port extends to the end face of the upper pressure head, which is close to the sample, in the upper pressure head, the second pore flow pressure port extends to the end face of the lower pressure head, which is close to the sample, in the lower pressure head, the first pore flow pressure port is communicated with the first flow pressure transmission hole, the first flow pressure transmission hole is connected with an external air pressure or water pressure applying system, the second pore flow pressure port is communicated with the second flow pressure transmission hole, and the second flow pressure transmission hole is connected with the flowmeter;
the confining pressure simulation system is communicated with the test cavity and can apply oil pressure or air pressure into the test cavity;
the temperature application system comprises an electric control heating belt wound on the surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, a signal wire hole is further formed in the sealing flange, and a wire of the electric control heating belt penetrates through the signal wire hole to be connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the charge collection system comprises a plurality of charge probe mounting holes, charge probes and electrode plates, wherein the charge probe mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, one charge probe is arranged in each charge probe mounting hole, each charge probe is connected with one electrode plate, the electrode plates are positioned between the sample and the inner wall of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, and the charge probes are connected with the data collection and analysis device;
the acoustic emission signal acquisition system comprises an acoustic emission probe fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and a signal wire of the acoustic emission probe penetrates through the signal wire hole to be connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the strain acquisition system comprises an axial extensometer and an annular extensometer which are fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and signal wires of the axial extensometer and the annular extensometer penetrate through the signal wire holes and are connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the axial pressure applying system comprises an axial hydraulic cylinder and a pressure sensor, the axial hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base, the axial hydraulic cylinder is connected with the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the transmission rod, and the pressure sensor is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device.
The steel pressure-resistant cavity comprises a cavity body and a cavity upper cover;
the electric charge probe mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the cavity body, the sealing flange plate is mounted at the bottom of the cavity body, a connecting flange is further arranged at the bottom of the cavity body, a plurality of lifting cylinders are fixed on the base and connected with the connecting flange, the cavity body is provided with mounting holes, the cavity upper cover is located in the mounting holes, and the upper pressure head limiting holes are formed in the cavity upper cover.
The bottom of the sealing flange plate is connected with the cast steel cylinder through a bolt, the bottom of the cast steel cylinder is connected with the shell of the axial hydraulic cylinder through a bolt, the shell of the axial hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base, and the transmission rod and the pressure sensor are positioned in the cast steel cylinder.
The first pore flow pressure port is communicated with the first flow pressure transmission hole through a stainless steel pipe, and the second pore flow pressure port is communicated with the second flow pressure transmission hole through a stainless steel pipe.
The sealing flange is a stepped disk, the part with smaller diameter of the stepped disk is positioned in the cavity body, the part with larger diameter of the stepped disk is connected with the connecting flange of the cavity body through screws, one end of the first flow pressure transmission hole is positioned on the end face of the part with smaller diameter of the sealing flange and extends to the side wall of the part with larger diameter of the sealing flange in the sealing flange, one end of the second flow pressure transmission hole is positioned on the end face of the part with smaller diameter of the sealing flange and extends to the side wall of the part with larger diameter of the sealing flange in the sealing flange.
The cross sections of the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are rectangular or circular.
According to the coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device, confining pressure, axial pressure and pore flow pressure are continuously and stably applied to a sample, the stress condition of a coal-rock mass under the coupling action of high ground stress, high osmotic pressure and high ground temperature in the mining process can be simulated, the monitoring test device can collect various strain signals, acoustic emission signals and electric signals generated in the whole loading process of the sample, axial and radial strain in the long-term evolution destruction process of the sample and the time-space evolution law of acoustic emission signals and charge signals in the destruction process of the sample can be obtained according to the various signals, the establishment of the action mechanism of the dynamic behavior evolution and the unstability disaster of the coal-rock mass under the coupling action of multiple fields in the actual mining process is facilitated, the coal-rock mass dynamic disaster origin mechanism is revealed, a more reliable test basis is provided for the dynamic disaster prevention and control of the coal-rock mass, and the corresponding coal-rock mass unstability judgment and prevention technology is established according to the test basis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cavity body with a charge probe mounted therein provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sealing flange provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a sealing flange provided by the present invention;
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
1 a base, 2 a steel pressure-resistant cavity, 3 a sealing flange, 4 a transmission rod, 5 an upper pressure head, 6 a lower pressure head, 7 a sample, 8 an upper pressure head limiting hole, 9 a cavity body, 10 a cavity upper cover, 11 a connecting flange, 12 a lifting cylinder, 13 an axial hydraulic cylinder, 14 a pressure sensor and 15 a cast steel cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder comprises a shell of a 16-axis hydraulic cylinder, a 17-slide slot hole, a 18-confining pressure transmission hole, a 19-exhaust valve, a 20 first pore flow pressure port, a 21 second pore flow pressure port, a 22 first flow pressure transmission hole, a 23 second flow pressure transmission hole, a 24 signal line hole, a 25-charge probe mounting hole, a 26-charge probe, a 27-electrode plate and a 28-screw hole.
Detailed Description
In order to study the mechanical behavior of a coal rock mass under the coupling action of high ground stress, high osmotic pressure and high ground temperature for a long time, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device, which comprises a base 1, a test cavity and an axial pressure applying system which are arranged on the base 1, a confining pressure applying system, an pore flow pressure simulating system, a temperature applying system, a charge collecting system, an acoustic emission signal collecting system, a strain collecting system and a data collecting and analyzing device;
the test cavity comprises a steel pressure-resistant cavity 2 and a sealing flange plate 3 arranged at the bottom of the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2, a transmission rod 4 is arranged in the middle of the sealing flange plate 3, an upper pressure head 5 and a lower pressure head 6 are arranged in a closed space formed by the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2 and the sealing flange plate 3, the lower pressure head 6 is connected with the transmission rod 4, one end of a sample 7 is fixed on the lower pressure head 6, the upper pressure head 5 is fixed at the other end of the sample 7, an upper pressure head limiting hole 8 is arranged in the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2, and the outer surface of the sample 7 is wrapped with a thermoplastic sleeve;
the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2 comprises a cavity body 9 and a cavity upper cover 10;
the sealing flange 3 is installed in the bottom of cavity body 9, and the bottom of cavity body 9 still is equipped with flange 11, is fixed with a plurality of lift cylinder 12 on the base 1, and a plurality of lift cylinder 12 are connected with flange 11, are equipped with the mounting hole on the cavity body 9, and cavity upper cover 10 is located in the mounting hole, goes up pressure head spacing hole 8 and sets up on cavity upper cover 10.
The axial pressure applying system comprises an axial hydraulic cylinder 13 and a pressure sensor 14, wherein the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixed on the base 1, the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 is connected with the pressure sensor 14, the pressure sensor 14 is connected with the transmission rod 4, and the pressure sensor 14 is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
when the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 works, the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 pushes the pressure sensor 14 to move upwards, so that the pressure sensor 14 pushes the transmission rod 4 to move upwards, and then pushes the lower pressure head 6, the sample 7 and the upper pressure head 5 to move upwards in the test cavity, when the upper pressure head 5 is clamped in the upper pressure head limiting hole 8, the upper pressure head 5 stops moving upwards, so that the sample 7 is subjected to axial extrusion force, the pressure sensor 14 can detect the axial pressure applied by the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 to the sample 7, in the invention, the cross sections of the upper pressure head 5 and the lower pressure head 6 are rectangular or circular, the upper pressure head 5 and the lower pressure head 6 with different cross sections can be selected according to the samples 7 with different sizes, the upper pressure head 5 and the lower pressure head 6 can be made of high-strength steel, and the pressure sensor 14 can detect the load applied by the axial hydraulic sensor to the sample 7;
in the invention, the bottom of a sealing flange plate 3 is connected with a cast steel cylinder 15 through bolts, a screw hole 28 can be arranged on the sealing flange plate 3, the sealing flange plate 3 is connected with the cast steel cylinder 15 through the screw hole 28 and the cast steel cylinder 15 by screws, the bottom of the cast steel cylinder 15 is connected with a shell 16 of an axial hydraulic cylinder 13 through bolts, the shell 16 of the axial hydraulic cylinder 13 is fixed on a base 1, a transmission rod 4 and a pressure sensor 14 are positioned in the cast steel cylinder 15, a slotted hole 17 can be arranged on the side wall of the cast steel cylinder 15, a grating displacement sensor is positioned outside the cast steel cylinder 15, the grating displacement sensor is connected with a connecting rod, the connecting rod passes through the slotted hole 17 and is connected with the transmission rod 4, the grating displacement sensor is connected with a data acquisition and analysis device, when the transmission rod 4 moves upwards, the connecting rod slides upwards in the slotted hole 17 and drives the grating displacement sensor to slide so as to detect the displacement change condition of the transmission rod 4 driven by the axial hydraulic cylinder 13.
The confining pressure simulation system is communicated with the test cavity and can apply oil pressure or air pressure into the test cavity; the confining pressure applying system can be an external hydraulic station or an external air source so as to provide air pressure for the oil pressure in the test cavity, wherein a confining pressure transmission hole 18 can be formed in the sealing flange plate 3, the confining pressure transmission hole 18 is used for communicating the test cavity with the outside, the external confining pressure applying system can apply the oil pressure or the air pressure into the test cavity through the confining pressure transmission hole 18, the number of the confining pressure transmission holes 18 can be reasonably set according to actual conditions, in order to better ensure the tightness in the test cavity, a sealing ring can be arranged on the sealing flange plate 3, the sealing flange plate 3 is tightly contacted with the cavity body 9, the confining pressure is prevented from leaking, a sealing ring is arranged on the outer circle of the cavity upper cover 10, which is contacted with the cavity body 9, a plurality of sealing rings are also arranged between the transmission rod 4 and the sealing flange plate 3, and a plurality of sealing rings are also arranged between the lower pressure head 6 and the transmission rod 4, and the confining pressure is prevented from leaking; in the invention, the exhaust valve 19 can be arranged on the cavity upper cover 10, and when the confining pressure applying system applies oil pressure into the test cavity, the exhaust valve 19 is opened to exhaust air in the test cavity.
The axial pressure applying system and the confining pressure simulating system together apply pressure to the sample 7 to simulate high ground stress to which the coal and rock are subjected in the actual mining process;
the pore flow pressure simulation system comprises a first pore flow pressure port 20 arranged on the side wall of the upper pressure head 5, a second pore flow pressure port 21 arranged on the side wall of the lower pressure head 6, a first flow pressure transmission hole 22 and a second flow pressure transmission hole 23 which are arranged on the sealing flange plate 3, a flowmeter and a flow pressure application system, wherein the first pore flow pressure port 20 extends to the end surface of the upper pressure head 5 close to the sample 7 in the upper pressure head 5, the second pore flow pressure port 21 extends to the end surface of the lower pressure head 6 close to the sample 7 in the lower pressure head 6, the first pore flow pressure port 20 is communicated with the first flow pressure transmission hole 22, the first flow pressure transmission hole 22 is connected with an external air pressure or water pressure application system, the second pore flow pressure port 21 is communicated with the second flow pressure transmission hole 23, and the second flow pressure transmission hole 23 is connected with the flowmeter, and the first pore flow pressure port 20 and the first flow pressure transmission hole 22 can be communicated with a stainless steel pipe, and the second pore pressure transmission hole 23 can be communicated with the stainless steel pipe;
the pore flow pressure simulation system can apply pore flow pressure to the sample 7 positioned in the test cavity, is used for simulating high osmotic pressure applied to the deep coal rock mass, air pressure or water pressure provided by the external air pressure or water pressure application system is applied to the sample 7 through the first flow pressure transmission hole 22, the stainless steel pipe and the first pore flow pressure port 20, and the flowmeter can measure the flow of air or water applied to the sample 7.
In the invention, the sealing flange 3 is designed into a stepped disk, a part with a smaller diameter is positioned in the cavity body 9 and is matched with the inner diameter of the cavity body 9, the part with a larger diameter is connected with the connecting flange 11 of the cavity body 9 through screws, one end of the first fluid pressure transmission hole 22 is positioned on the end face of the part with a smaller diameter of the sealing flange 3 and extends to the side wall of the part with a larger diameter of the sealing flange 3 in the sealing flange 3, and likewise, one end of the second fluid pressure transmission hole 23 is positioned on the end face of the part with a smaller diameter of the sealing flange 3 and extends to the side wall of the part with a larger diameter of the sealing flange 3 in the sealing flange 3, so that the first fluid pressure transmission hole 22 is communicated with the first pore flow pressure port 20 through a stainless steel pipe in the test cavity, and is communicated with the flow pressure applying system outside the test cavity, and the second fluid pressure transmission hole 23 is communicated with the second pore flow meter through the stainless steel pipe in the test cavity, and the second pore flow meter is connected outside the test cavity.
The temperature application system comprises an electric control heating belt wound on the surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, a signal wire hole 24 is further formed in the sealing flange 3, a wire of the electric control heating belt penetrates through the signal wire hole 24 and is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device, and the electric control heating belt can heat the sample 7 to a required temperature and is used for simulating high ground temperature suffered by a deep coal rock body in an actual exploitation process;
the axial pressure applying system and the confining pressure applying system simulate high ground stress suffered by the deep coal rock body, the pore flow pressure simulating system simulates high osmotic pressure suffered by the deep coal rock body, and the temperature applying system simulates high ground temperature suffered by the deep coal rock body, so that the mechanical behavior change of the deep coal rock body under the coupling action of a stress field, a seepage field and a temperature field.
The charge collection system comprises a plurality of charge probe mounting holes 25, charge probes 26 and electrode plates 27 which are arranged on the side wall of the cavity body 9 of the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2, wherein one charge probe 26 is arranged in each charge probe mounting hole 25, each charge probe 26 is connected with one electrode plate 27, the electrode plates 27 are positioned between the sample 7 and the inner wall of the steel pressure-resistant cavity 2, and the charge probes 26 are connected with the data collection analysis device;
under the action of three-field coupling, the sample 7 is destroyed, micro-charges are generated in the process of destroying the sample 7, the micro-charges can lead the electrode plate 27 to be charged, the charge probe 26 collects the potential change condition of the electrode plate 27 connected with the charge probe 26 and sends the potential change condition to the data acquisition and analysis device, the electrode plate 27 can be made of nickel-cobalt alloy, and in order to prevent the potential change from being influenced by the mutual communication between the charge probe 26 and the cavity body 9, high-strength insulating gel can be coated between the cavity body 9 and the charge probe 26; preferably, four charge probe mounting holes 25 are formed in the side wall of the cavity body 9, the four charge probe mounting holes 25 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cavity body 9, and one charge probe 26 is mounted in each charge probe mounting hole 25.
The acoustic emission signal acquisition system comprises an acoustic emission probe fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and a signal wire of the acoustic emission probe passes through the signal wire hole 24 and is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the acoustic emission signal acquisition system comprises an acoustic emission probe fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and a signal wire of the acoustic emission probe passes through the signal wire hole 24 and is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device; the acoustic emission probes can be fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve by using coupling glue, under the action of a stress field, a seepage field and a temperature field, the samples 7 can be damaged, deformation can occur before the samples 7 are damaged, cracks and the like are generated, in the process, the samples 7 can release ultrahigh-frequency stress wave pulse signals, the acoustic emission signal acquisition system is used for acquiring the pulse signals, the acoustic emission probes can be distributed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve according to an acoustic emission positioning detection method, and the number of the acoustic emission probes is 6-12.
The strain acquisition system comprises an axial extensometer and an annular extensometer which are fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and signal wires of the axial extensometer and the annular extensometer penetrate through the signal wire holes 24 and are connected with the data acquisition and analysis device. The number of the signal wire holes 24 can be reasonably set according to practical situations, and because the thermoplastic sleeve is tightly wrapped on the surface of the sample 7, when the sample 7 is subjected to axial and circumferential strain under the action of axial pressure and confining pressure, the thermoplastic sleeve can be deformed along with the sample 7, and the axial strain and the radial strain of the sample 7 under the action of stress are detected by the axial extensometer and the circumferential extensometer respectively.
The data acquisition and analysis device records and stores various strain signals, acoustic emission signals and electric signals generated by the sample 7 in the whole loading process under the action of three-field coupling, the data acquisition and analysis device can comprise a plurality of acquisition instruments, each acquisition instrument corresponds to a computer, the plurality of acquisition instruments respectively acquire acoustic emission signals of the acoustic emission probe, charge signals of the charge probe 26, signals of the axial extensometer and the circumferential extensometer, pressure signals of the pressure sensor 14 and displacement signals of the grating displacement sensor, each acquisition instrument corresponds to a computer, and the received signals are stored and post-processed.
The using method of the coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device comprises the following steps:
the following describes a one-time use procedure of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
firstly, an upper pressure head 5 and a lower pressure head 6 with circular or rectangular cross sections are selected according to the size of a coal rock sample 7, one end of the sample 7 is fixed on the lower pressure head 6 by using an adhesive tape, the upper pressure head 5 is fixed on the other end of the sample 7 by using an adhesive tape, the sample 7 is wrapped by using a thermoplastic sleeve, the lower pressure head 6 is fixed on the top of a transmission rod 4, an axial extensometer and a circumferential extensometer are fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve by using coupling glue, an acoustic emission probe is fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, an electric control heating belt is wound outside the thermoplastic sleeve, signal wires of the axial extensometer and the circumferential extensometer, signal wires of the acoustic emission probe and wires of the electric control heating belt pass through signal wire holes 24 of a sealing flange 3 to be connected with a data acquisition and analysis device, and specifically, the signal wires of different devices are correspondingly connected with different acquisition instruments and computers of the data acquisition and analysis device;
starting a lifting oil cylinder 12, driving a steel pressure-resistant cavity 2 to move downwards and a sealing flange plate 3 to be closed, fastening a cavity body 9 and the sealing flange plate 3 through screws, starting an axial hydraulic oil cylinder 13, enabling the axial hydraulic oil cylinder 13 to move upwards, simultaneously driving a pressure sensor 14 and a transmission rod 4 to move upwards, when an upper pressure head 5 is clamped in an upper pressure head limiting hole 8, enabling the axial hydraulic oil cylinder 13 to move upwards, applying axial extrusion force to a sample 7, starting a confining pressure applying system and a pore fluid pressure applying system, controlling an electric control heating belt to heat the sample 7, wherein the confining pressure applying system is used for heating the sample 7 according to test requirements, if oil pressure is selected as confining pressure, opening an exhaust valve 19 of a cavity upper cover 10, removing redundant air in the test cavity, acquiring acoustic emission signals sent by the sample 7 under the coupling action of an analog high-ground stress field, a high-permeability pressure field and a high-low temperature intestine under the real-time condition, acquiring the acoustic emission signals sent by the sample 7 under the action of confining pressure and the axial pressure by the electric signal acquiring system, acquiring the axial and the strain signals generated by the strain acquiring system under the real-time in the stress state in a real-time in the process, and acquiring the sample 7 in a real-time, and stopping the real-time acquiring device of the strain signals generated by the sample 7 under the stress state, and stopping the real-time acquiring data and analyzing the load-bearing capacity of the sample 7 when the test data is received and the test data is stopped and the test capacity is lost;
after the test, the pore flow pressure is firstly removed, then the confining pressure and the axial pressure are removed, the sample 7 is stopped to be heated, the lifting oil cylinder 12 is started to drive the steel pressure-resistant cavity 22 to move upwards, the sample 7 is taken out, and the form of the damaged coal rock is observed and photographed.
According to the coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device, confining pressure, axial pressure and pore flow pressure are continuously and stably applied to the sample 7, and the sample 7 is heated, so that the stress condition of the coal-rock mass under the coupling action of high ground stress, high osmotic pressure and high ground temperature in the mining process can be simulated, the monitoring test device can collect various strain signals, acoustic emission signals and electric signals generated in the whole loading process of the sample 7, axial and radial strain in the long-term evolution destruction process of the sample 7 and the time-space evolution law of acoustic emission signals and charge signals in the destruction process of the sample 7 can be obtained according to the signals, the establishment of the action mechanisms of dynamic evolution and unstability disaster of the coal-rock mass subjected to multi-field coupling in the actual mining process is facilitated, the natural source mechanism of the coal-rock mass dynamic disaster is revealed, a more reliable test basis is provided for the control of the coal-rock mass dynamic disaster, and a corresponding coal-rock mass unstability judgment and control technology is established according to the test basis.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device is characterized by comprising a base, a test cavity, an axial pressure applying system, a confining pressure applying system, a pore flow pressure simulating system, a temperature applying system, a charge collecting system, an acoustic emission signal collecting system, a strain collecting system and a data collecting and analyzing device, wherein the test cavity and the axial pressure applying system are arranged on the base;
the test cavity comprises a steel pressure-resistant cavity and a sealing flange plate arranged at the bottom of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, a transmission rod is arranged in the middle of the sealing flange plate, an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head are arranged in a closed space formed by the steel pressure-resistant cavity and the sealing flange plate, the lower pressure head is connected with the transmission rod, one end of a sample is fixed on the lower pressure head, the upper pressure head is fixed at the other end of the sample, an upper pressure head limiting hole is arranged in the steel pressure-resistant cavity, and the outer surface of the sample is wrapped with a thermoplastic sleeve;
the pore flow pressure simulation system comprises a first pore flow pressure port arranged on the side wall of the upper pressure head, a second pore flow pressure port arranged on the side wall of the lower pressure head, a first flow pressure transmission hole and a second flow pressure transmission hole which are arranged on the sealing flange plate, a flowmeter and a flow pressure applying system, wherein the first pore flow pressure port extends to the end face of the upper pressure head, which is close to the sample, in the upper pressure head, the second pore flow pressure port extends to the end face of the lower pressure head, which is close to the sample, in the lower pressure head, the first pore flow pressure port is communicated with the first flow pressure transmission hole, the first flow pressure transmission hole is connected with an external air pressure or water pressure applying system, the second pore flow pressure port is communicated with the second flow pressure transmission hole, and the second flow pressure transmission hole is connected with the flowmeter;
the confining pressure simulation system is communicated with the test cavity and can apply oil pressure or air pressure into the test cavity;
the temperature application system comprises an electric control heating belt wound on the surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, a signal wire hole is further formed in the sealing flange, and a wire of the electric control heating belt penetrates through the signal wire hole to be connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the charge collection system comprises a plurality of charge probe mounting holes, charge probes and electrode plates, wherein the charge probe mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, one charge probe is arranged in each charge probe mounting hole, each charge probe is connected with one electrode plate, the electrode plates are positioned between the sample and the inner wall of the steel pressure-resistant cavity, and the charge probes are connected with the data collection and analysis device;
the acoustic emission signal acquisition system comprises an acoustic emission probe fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and a signal wire of the acoustic emission probe penetrates through the signal wire hole to be connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the strain acquisition system comprises an axial extensometer and an annular extensometer which are fixed on the outer surface of the thermoplastic sleeve, and signal wires of the axial extensometer and the annular extensometer penetrate through the signal wire holes and are connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the axial pressure applying system comprises an axial hydraulic cylinder and a pressure sensor, the axial hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base, the axial hydraulic cylinder is connected with the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with the transmission rod, and the pressure sensor is connected with the data acquisition and analysis device;
the steel pressure-resistant cavity comprises a cavity body and a cavity upper cover;
the charge probe mounting holes are formed in the side wall of the cavity body, the sealing flange plate is mounted at the bottom of the cavity body, a connecting flange is further arranged at the bottom of the cavity body, a plurality of lifting cylinders are fixed on the base and connected with the connecting flange, the cavity body is provided with mounting holes, the cavity upper cover is located in the mounting holes, and the upper pressure head limiting holes are formed in the cavity upper cover;
the bottom of the sealing flange plate is connected with the cast steel cylinder through a bolt, the bottom of the cast steel cylinder is connected with the shell of the axial hydraulic cylinder through a bolt, the shell of the axial hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the base, and the transmission rod and the pressure sensor are positioned in the cast steel cylinder.
2. The coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device of claim 1, wherein the first pore flow pressure port is in communication with the first flow pressure transmission hole through a stainless steel tube, and the second pore flow pressure port is in communication with the second flow pressure transmission hole through a stainless steel tube.
3. The coal-rock multi-field coupling monitoring test device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing flange is a stepped disc, a portion with a smaller diameter of the stepped disc is located in the cavity body, the portion with a larger diameter of the stepped disc is connected with the connecting flange of the cavity body through screws, one end of the first fluid pressure transmission hole is located on the end face of the portion with a smaller diameter of the sealing flange and extends to the side wall of the portion with a larger diameter of the sealing flange in the sealing flange, and one end of the second fluid pressure transmission hole is located on the end face of the portion with a smaller diameter of the sealing flange and extends to the side wall of the portion with a larger diameter of the sealing flange in the sealing flange.
4. A coal rock multi-field coupling monitoring test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the upper ram and the lower ram are rectangular or circular in cross section.
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| CN108444819B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-10-13 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Dynamic-static coupling mechanical behavior test device for gas-containing coal rock |
| CN108444848B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2023-11-28 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Multi-parameter test device for gas-containing coal rock cracking process under dynamic-static coupling effect |
| CN110687140B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2024-04-16 | 安徽理工大学 | Triaxial loading seepage device for CT |
| CN112557203B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-08-16 | 核工业北京地质研究院 | Hot hydraulic coupling triaxial test method for fractured rock |
| CN112859946B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-06-17 | 四川大学 | Pressure overall control system for calibration platform and control method thereof |
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