CN110687140B - Triaxial loading seepage device for CT - Google Patents
Triaxial loading seepage device for CT Download PDFInfo
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- CN110687140B CN110687140B CN201911112293.1A CN201911112293A CN110687140B CN 110687140 B CN110687140 B CN 110687140B CN 201911112293 A CN201911112293 A CN 201911112293A CN 110687140 B CN110687140 B CN 110687140B
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0846—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials by use of radiation, e.g. transmitted or reflected light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a triaxial loading seepage device for CT (computed tomography), which comprises a seepage device main body, wherein a loading cavity, an upper pressure head, a rubber sleeve, a sample, a lower pressure seat, a pressure stabilizing tube inlet, a first pressure gauge, a first electric heating tube, a first temperature control box, a first thermocouple, a pressure bearing plate, an oil inlet tube, a third pressure gauge, a seepage hose, a second pressure gauge, a second electric heating tube, a second temperature control box, a second thermocouple, a transmission column, a pressure stabilizing tube outlet, a displacement meter, a base, a first seepage hard tube, a second seepage hard tube and a seepage output hard tube are arranged on the seepage device main body. The use result of the invention shows that the structure is simple, the loading is stable, the rubber sleeve is convenient and fast to use, the sleeve joint is firm, the uniaxial loading, the triaxial loading, the seepage and the temperature control experiments are realized by matching with the CT instrument, and the microscopic structures such as cracks, pores and the like in the sample can be effectively observed by matching with the CT instrument, so that the invention is suitable for popularization and use in the CT triaxial loading scanner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of CT triaxial loading scanning, in particular to a triaxial loading seepage device for CT and an implementation method thereof.
Background
CT scanning technology is now widely used in industries such as petroleum, mining geology, and the like. The core sample is irradiated by X-rays, and a mathematical model which is completely the same as a real object is calculated through a professional graphic processing workstation according to the difference between attenuation rates caused by different substances and structures; the true three-dimensional reproduction of the internal structure, the components and the highly-deep data analysis theory of the scanned object by the nondestructive detection method plays an important role in analysis of rock structure, rock components, rock mechanical properties, petroleum occurrence state in the rock and the like.
At present, most CT scanning is performed on a static state of a test piece, and real-time scanning under loading, particularly triaxial loading, cannot be realized. The triaxial loading device can realize seepage test under the stress condition of a test piece (simulate the pressure environment under the stratum condition), and meanwhile, the triaxial loading device is provided with a constant temperature system, monitors temperature change and regulation in real time, and is matched with a CT scanning system to observe morphology development rules such as pore change, crack change and the like in the test piece in the triaxial pressure application process in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a triaxial loading seepage device for CT and a realization method thereof, which can realize the functions of uniaxial loading, triaxial loading, seepage and temperature control experiment by respectively applying axial load, confining pressure and displacement seepage to a sample, controlling the temperature of injected fluid and matching with a CT instrument.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the triaxial loading seepage device for CT comprises a seepage device main body, wherein a loading cavity, an upper pressure head, a rubber sleeve, a sample, a lower pressure seat, a pressure stabilizing tube inlet, a first pressure gauge, a first electric heating tube, a first temperature control box, a first thermocouple, a pressure bearing plate, an oil inlet tube, a third pressure gauge, a seepage hose, a second pressure gauge, a second electric heating tube, a second temperature control box, a second thermocouple, a transmission column, a pressure stabilizing tube outlet, a displacement meter, a base, a first seepage hard tube, a second seepage hard tube and a seepage output hard tube are arranged on the seepage device main body; the loading cavity is fixedly embedded into the base and communicated with the base, a pressure stabilizing tube inlet is formed in the upper portion of the side face of the loading cavity, a first pressure gauge is arranged on the pressure stabilizing tube inlet, the right end of the first pressure gauge is fixedly connected with a first electric heating tube, the right end of the first electric heating tube stretches into the loading cavity, the first electric heating tube is electrically connected with a first temperature control box, a first thermocouple is fixedly arranged in the loading cavity, and a pressure stabilizing tube outlet is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the loading cavity; the upper pressing head is characterized in that a detachable upper pressing head is arranged at the top end of the inner part of the loading cavity, a seepage output hard tube is inlaid on the central shaft of the inner part of the upper pressing head, the bottom end of the upper pressing head is connected with the upper end of a detachable rubber sleeve, a sample is sleeved in the middle of the rubber sleeve, the lower end of the rubber sleeve is connected with the top end of a pressing seat, a secondary seepage hard tube is inlaid on the central shaft of the inner part of the pressing seat, the bottom end of the pressing seat is horizontally arranged on a base and is in contact connection with the top end of a transmission column, the bottom end of the transmission column is fixedly connected with the top surface of a bearing plate, the bearing plate is horizontally paved on the inner bottom surface of the base, a primary seepage hard tube is inlaid on the central shaft of the inner part of the transmission column, and the bottom end of the primary seepage hard tube is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a seepage hose; the electric heating pipe No. two is vertically inlayed on base top surface right side, no. two electric heating pipes link to each other with No. two temperature control boxes electric property, the seepage hose cup joints in No. two electric heating pipes, seepage hose starting end is connected with No. two manometers, no. two fixed mounting has No. two thermocouples on No. two electric heating pipes lower extreme, seepage hose's the pipe wall, the oil inlet pipe is inlayed to the base bottom, the displacement meter is inlayed in base top surface left side.
Preferably, the loading cavity and the inner side and the outer side of the base are both in cylindrical-like structural design.
Preferably, one end of the oil inlet pipe is led to the lower side surface of the bearing plate, and the other end of the oil inlet pipe is connected with a third pressure gauge.
Preferably, the bottom end of the displacement meter is vertically contacted with the bearing plate, and scale marks are marked on the displacement meter.
Preferably, two rings of anti-slip convex rings are arranged at the bottom end of the upper pressure head and the top end of the lower pressure seat, and sealing rings and sealing gaskets are arranged on the side surfaces of the top of the upper pressure head and the bottom of the lower pressure seat.
Preferably, a soft rubber sealing ring is arranged inside the bottom end of the secondary seepage hard tube, and the top end of the primary seepage hard tube can be sleeved in the soft rubber sealing ring.
Preferably, a sealing ring and a sealing gasket are fixedly arranged on the circumference of the bearing plate.
Preferably, a first switch power supply, a first singlechip and a first relay are arranged in the first temperature control box, the first singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the first singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the first switch power supply, and an input port of the first switch power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the thermocouple, the signal control port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the control port of the relay, the input port of the relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the relay is electrically connected with the electric heating tube.
Preferably, a second switching power supply, a second singlechip and a second relay are arranged in the second temperature control box, the second singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the second switching power supply, and an input port of the second switching power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the second thermocouple, the signal control port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the control port of the second relay, the input port of the first relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the second relay is electrically connected with the second electric heating tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts mechanical structures and electrical components such as a loading cavity, a rubber sleeve, a first pressure gauge, a first electric heating tube, a first temperature control box, an oil inlet pipe, a third pressure gauge, a seepage hose, a second pressure gauge, a second electric heating tube, a second temperature control box, a displacement gauge and the like, and realizes the functions of uniaxial loading, triaxial loading, seepage and temperature control experiment by respectively applying axial load, confining pressure and seepage to a sample and controlling the temperature of injected fluid and matching with a CT instrument.
The device can carry out various experiments on the cylindrical test piece. The specific effects of the sub-items are as follows:
1. single axis loading function. After the sample is installed, hydraulic oil is injected into the oil inlet pipe, the injection of the hydraulic oil can generate upward thrust to the bearing plate, the thrust is sequentially transmitted to the sample upwards through the transmission column and the lower pressing seat, the sample can receive the pressure transmitted from the lower part because the upper pressing head is fixed, the pressure value is equal to the thrust of the hydraulic oil, the pressure value is dynamically displayed by a third pressure gauge, in an experiment, the test on the pressure of the sample is needed, and a proper amount of hydraulic oil can be correspondingly injected, and the injection of the hydraulic oil is controlled by a CT instrument and a matched system thereof; after the hydraulic oil is injected, the displacement meter can rise along with the bearing plate, and a graduated scale on the displacement meter can display the rising displacement of the bearing plate, so that the pressure strain data of the sample can be obtained; in addition, because the seepage hose is soft material, can follow the rising of transmission post and warp wantonly, the transmission post whereabouts back, the seepage hose can resume the state again.
2. Triaxial loading function. The triaxial loading is to provide confining pressure for the sample through fluid injected into the loading cavity for simulating the real environment where the sample is located, and provide axial pressure for the sample through hydraulic oil in the oil inlet pipe for simulating the axial pressure borne by the sample in the real environment, wherein the axial pressure is sequentially increased, and the dynamic change of microscopic structures such as cracks, micropores and the like of the sample can be dynamically observed through X-ray irradiation and display in a CT instrument.
Before triaxial loading, if the sample is of standard size, the vertical heights of the upper pressure head, the sample and the lower pressure seat are exactly the same as the internal length of the loading cavity, and pre-compacting operation is not required for the sample; if the height of the sample is smaller than the standard size, after the sample is installed, hydraulic oil with certain pressure is injected into the oil inlet pipe, and the sample is pre-compacted, so that the sample is prevented from deviating when confining pressure is added. When the triaxial loading is carried out, 220V mains supply is firstly connected to a first temperature control box, the required fluid temperature is set through the first temperature control box, and a first electric heating tube is started; secondly, under the control of a CT (computed tomography) instrument and a matched system thereof, fluid (water or hydraulic oil) is slowly injected into an inlet of a pressure stabilizing tube, the fluid is continuously heated when slowly passing through a first electrothermal tube, when flowing through a first thermocouple, the detected temperature is transmitted to a first singlechip in a first temperature control box, signal identification and comparison are carried out, when the detected temperature exceeds a set temperature, a control instruction is sent out to close the first electrothermal tube, the slowly-added fluid can still be heated under the residual temperature of the first electrothermal tube, when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, the first singlechip is restarted to open the first electrothermal tube, finally, the temperature of the fluid in a loading cavity is kept within the set temperature range, in addition, the injection speed and the outflow speed of the fluid are respectively controlled by the CT instrument and the matched system thereof, so that the loading cavity can be filled, the confining pressure of the fluid to the sample can be controlled, and the confining pressure value is dynamically displayed on the first manometer. After the confining pressure is stable, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil inlet pipe, axial pressure is added to the sample, and the triaxial loading function of the sample is realized as the uniaxial loading function is described in detail.
3. And (3) seepage function. The percolation experiment may be performed simultaneously with the triaxial loading experiment. After the triaxial loading experiment is ready, firstly, 220V commercial power is connected to a second temperature control box, the required water or nitrogen temperature is set through the second temperature control box, and a second electric heating tube is started; secondly, slowly injecting water or nitrogen into the seepage hose through the CT instrument and a matched system thereof, continuously heating the seepage hose through a second electric heating tube, transmitting detected temperature to a second singlechip in a second temperature control box when the seepage hose flows through a second thermocouple, carrying out signal identification and comparison, sending a control instruction to close the second electric heating tube when the detected temperature exceeds a set temperature, still heating slowly-added fluid under the residual temperature of the second electric heating tube, and restarting the second electric heating tube when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, so that the temperature of the water or the nitrogen is finally kept within a set temperature range, and in addition, the CT instrument and the matched system thereof can control the injection speed of the water or the nitrogen, thereby controlling the injection pressure and displaying the pressure value on a second pressure gauge; water or nitrogen flows through the seepage hose, the primary seepage hard tube and the secondary seepage hard tube to directly reach the sample, and then is discharged out of the device through the seepage output hard tube; in the seepage process, the pore distribution condition in the sample can be dynamically observed through X-ray irradiation and display in a CT instrument.
4. And (5) temperature control experiment. The influence of triaxial loading experiments and seepage experiments on microscopic structures such as cracks and pores in the sample can be observed by changing the set temperature, so that multiple groups of experimental data are obtained, and the analysis and the treatment are facilitated.
The practical use result of the invention shows that the invention has simple design structure, stable loading, convenient and firm rubber sleeve use, controls the fluid temperature by respectively applying axial load, confining pressure and seepage to the sample, realizes uniaxial loading, triaxial loading, seepage and temperature control experiments by matching with a CT instrument, can effectively observe microscopic structures such as cracks, pores and the like in the sample by matching with the CT instrument, and is suitable for popularization and use in the CT triaxial loading scanner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a triaxial loading seepage device for CT and a realization method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a temperature control circuit system according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a seepage device body; 2-loading the cavity; 3-pressing head; 301-rubber sleeve; 4-sample; 5-pressing down the seat; 6-a pressure stabilizing tube inlet; 601-gauge number one; 602-a first electric heating tube; 603-a first temperature control box; 604-thermocouple number one; 7-a bearing plate; 8-an oil inlet pipe; 801-third manometer; 9-seepage hose; 901-second manometer; 902-a second electric heating tube; 903-No. two temperature control boxes; 904-thermocouple number two; 10-a transmission column; 11-a pressure stabilizing tube outlet; 12-displacement meter; 13-a base; 14-a first-level seepage hard pipe; 15-a secondary seepage hard tube; 16-seepage output hard tube.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the triaxial loading seepage device for CT comprises a seepage device main body 1, wherein a loading cavity 2, an upper pressure head 3, a rubber sleeve 301, a sample 4, a pressing seat 5, a pressure stabilizing pipe inlet 6, a first pressure gauge 601, a first electric heating pipe 602, a first temperature control box 603, a first thermocouple 604, a pressure bearing plate 7, an oil inlet pipe 8, a third pressure gauge 801, a seepage hose 9, a second pressure gauge 901, a second electric heating pipe 902, a second temperature control box 903, a second thermocouple 904, a transmission column 10, a pressure stabilizing pipe outlet 11, a displacement meter 12, a base 13, a first seepage hard pipe 14, a second seepage hard pipe 15 and a seepage output hard pipe 16 are arranged on the seepage device main body 1; the loading cavity 2 is fixedly embedded into the base 13 and is communicated with the inside of the base 13, a pressure stabilizing tube inlet 6 is formed in the upper portion of the side face of the loading cavity 2, a first pressure gauge 601 is arranged on the pressure stabilizing tube inlet 6, the right end of the first pressure gauge 601 is fixedly connected with a first electric heating tube 602, the right end of the first electric heating tube 602 stretches into the loading cavity 2, the first electric heating tube 602 is electrically connected with a first temperature control box 603, a first thermocouple 604 is fixedly arranged in the loading cavity 2, and a pressure stabilizing tube outlet 11 is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the loading cavity 2; the top of the inside of the loading cavity 2 is provided with a detachable upper pressure head 3, a seepage output hard tube 16 is embedded on the central shaft of the inside of the upper pressure head 3, the bottom end of the upper pressure head 3 is connected with the upper end of a detachable rubber sleeve 301, a sample 4 is sleeved in the middle of the rubber sleeve 301, the lower end of the rubber sleeve 301 is connected with the top end of a pressing seat 5, a secondary seepage hard tube 15 is embedded on the central shaft of the inside of the pressing seat 5, the bottom end of the pressing seat 5 is horizontally placed on a base 13 and is contacted and connected with the top end of a transmission column 10, the bottom end of the transmission column 10 is fixedly connected with the top surface of a pressure bearing plate 7, the pressure bearing plate 7 is horizontally paved on the bottom surface of the inside of the base 13, a primary seepage hard tube 14 is embedded on the central shaft of the inside of the transmission column 10, and the bottom end of the primary seepage hard tube 14 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a seepage hose 9; the vertical electrothermal tube 902 that inlays in base 13 top surface right side has No. two electrothermal tubes 902, no. two electrothermal tubes 902 and No. two temperature control boxes 903 electrical property link to each other, seepage hose 9 cup joints in No. two electrothermal tubes 902, seepage hose 9 starting end is connected with No. two manometers 901, no. two electrothermal tubes 902 lower extreme, the fixed mounting No. two thermocouples 904 on seepage hose 9's the pipe wall, the oil inlet pipe 8 is inlayed to base 13 bottom, displacement meter 12 is inlayed in base 13 top surface left side.
Wherein, the inner side and the outer side of the loading cavity 2 and the base 13 are both in a cylindrical structure design.
One end of the oil inlet pipe 8 is led to the lower side surface of the bearing plate 7, and the other end of the oil inlet pipe is connected with a third pressure gauge 801.
Wherein, displacement meter 12 bottom and bearing plate 7 vertical contact, the scale mark is marked on the displacement meter 12.
Two rings of anti-slip convex rings are arranged at the bottom end of the upper pressure head 3 and the top end of the lower pressure seat 5, and sealing rings and sealing gaskets are arranged on the side surface of the top of the upper pressure head 3 and the side surface of the bottom of the lower pressure seat 5.
Wherein, the inside soft rubber sealing washer that is provided with in second grade seepage flow hard tube 15 bottom, the soft rubber sealing washer can be cup jointed in the first-level seepage flow hard tube 14 top.
Wherein, sealing rings and sealing gaskets are fixedly arranged on the circumference of the bearing plate 7.
The first temperature control box 603 is internally provided with a first switching power supply, a first singlechip and a first relay, the first singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the first singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the first switching power supply, and an input port of the first switching power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the thermocouple 604, the signal control port of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the control port of the relay, the input port of the relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the relay is electrically connected with the electrothermal tube 602.
The second temperature control box 903 is internally provided with a second switching power supply, a second singlechip and a second relay, the second singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the second switching power supply, and an input port of the second switching power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the second thermocouple 904, the signal control port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the control port of the second relay, the input port of the first relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the second relay is electrically connected with the second electric heating tube 902.
Working principle:
(1) Sample 4 mounting procedure: the sample used in the apparatus is generally a cylindrical coal sample of 25mm×50mm (diameter×height), and the sample 4 is mounted outside the apparatus. Firstly, taking out the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure seat 5; then, the sample 4 is sleeved in the middle position of the rubber sleeve 301, and the sample 4 cannot be damaged during sleeving because the rubber sleeve 301 has stronger elasticity; one end of the rubber sleeve 301 is sleeved at the lower end of the upper pressure head 3, the other end of the rubber sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the lower pressure seat 5, the sleeving is complete, the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample 4 are respectively in close contact with the lower end surface of the upper pressure head 3 and the upper end surface of the lower pressure seat 5, and the two rings of anti-slip raised rings arranged on the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure seat 5 can prevent the rubber sleeve 301 from loosening; after the sample 4 is installed, the whole set of sample is placed in the loading cavity 2, and as the soft rubber sealing ring is arranged inside the bottom end of the secondary seepage hard tube 15, the upper end of the primary seepage hard tube 14 can be sleeved, and the sleeved point can be ensured to be in a sealing state during seepage experiments.
(2) Single-axis loading experiment, triaxial loading experiment, seepage experiment and temperature control experiment principle:
(1) single axis loading function. After the sample is installed, hydraulic oil is injected into the oil inlet pipe 8, the injection of the hydraulic oil can generate upward thrust to the bearing plate 7, the thrust is sequentially transmitted to the sample 4 upwards through the transmission column 10 and the lower pressing seat 5, the sample 4 can receive the pressure transmitted from the lower part because the upper pressing head 3 is fixed, the pressure value is equal to the thrust of the hydraulic oil, the pressure value is dynamically displayed by the third pressure gauge 801, in an experiment, a proper amount of hydraulic oil can be correspondingly injected when the pressure test is needed to be carried out on the sample 4, and the injection of the hydraulic oil is controlled by the CT instrument and a matched system thereof; after the hydraulic oil is injected, the displacement meter 12 can ascend along with the bearing plate 7, and a graduated scale on the displacement meter 12 can display the ascending displacement of the bearing plate 7, so that the data of the compressive strain of the sample 4 can be obtained; in addition, since the seepage hose 9 is made of soft material, it can be deformed arbitrarily following the rising of the driving column 10, and after the driving column 10 falls, the seepage hose 9 can be restored again.
(2) Triaxial loading function. The triaxial loading is to provide confining pressure for the sample 4 through fluid injected into the loading cavity 2 to simulate the real environment where the sample 4 is located, and provide axial pressure for the sample 4 through hydraulic oil in the oil inlet pipe 8 to simulate the axial pressure borne by the sample 4 in the real environment, wherein the axial pressure is sequentially increased, and the dynamic change of microscopic structures such as cracks, micropores and the like of the sample 4 can be dynamically observed through X-ray irradiation and display in a CT instrument.
Before triaxial loading, if the sample 4 is of standard size, the vertical heights of the upper pressure head 3, the sample 4 and the lower pressure seat 5 are exactly the same as the internal length of the loading cavity 2, and pre-compacting operation is not required for the sample 4; if the height of the sample 4 is smaller than the standard size, after the sample 4 is installed, hydraulic oil with certain pressure needs to be injected into the oil inlet pipe 8, and the pre-compaction operation is performed on the sample 4, so that the sample 4 is prevented from deviating when confining pressure is added. When the triaxial loading is carried out, 220V mains supply is firstly connected to a first temperature control box 603, the required fluid temperature is set through the first temperature control box 603, and a first electric heating tube 602 is started; secondly, under the control of the CT instrument and the matched system thereof, fluid (water or hydraulic oil) is slowly injected into the inlet 6 of the pressure stabilizing tube, the fluid is continuously heated when slowly passing through the first electric heating tube 602, when flowing through the first thermocouple 604, the detected temperature is transmitted to the first singlechip in the first temperature control box 603 for signal identification and comparison, when exceeding the set temperature, a control instruction is sent to close the first electric heating tube 602, the slowly-added fluid can still be heated under the residual temperature of the first electric heating tube 602, when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, the first singlechip restarts the first electric heating tube 602, finally, the fluid temperature in the loading cavity 2 is kept in the set temperature range, in addition, the injection speed and the outflow speed of the fluid are respectively controlled by the CT instrument and the matched system thereof, so that the loading cavity 2 can be filled, the confining pressure generated by the fluid to the sample 4 is controlled, and the confining pressure value is dynamically displayed on the first pressure meter 601. After the confining pressure is stable, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil inlet pipe 8, axial pressure is added to the sample 4, and the triaxial loading function of the sample 4 is realized as the uniaxial loading function is described in detail.
(3) And (3) seepage function. The percolation experiment may be performed simultaneously with the triaxial loading experiment. After the triaxial loading experiment is ready to be completed, firstly, 220V commercial power is connected to a second temperature control box 903, the required water or nitrogen temperature is set through the second temperature control box 903, and a second electric heating tube 902 is started; secondly, slowly injecting water or nitrogen into the seepage hose 9 through a CT instrument and a matched system thereof, continuously heating the seepage hose through a No. two electric heating tube 902, transmitting detected temperature to a No. two singlechip in a No. two temperature control box 903 for signal identification and comparison when the detected temperature flows through a No. two thermocouple 904, sending a control instruction to close the No. two electric heating tube 902 when the detected temperature exceeds a set temperature, still heating slowly-added fluid under the residual temperature of the No. two electric heating tube 902, and restarting the No. two electric heating tube 902 when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, so that the temperature of the water or the nitrogen is finally kept within the set temperature range, and in addition, the CT instrument and the matched system thereof can control the injection speed of the water or the nitrogen, thereby controlling the injection pressure and displaying the pressure value on the No. two pressure gauge 901; the water or nitrogen flows through the seepage hose 9, the primary seepage hard tube 14 and the secondary seepage hard tube 15 to reach the sample 4, and then is discharged out of the device through the seepage output hard tube 16; in the seepage process, the pore distribution condition in the sample 4 can be dynamically observed through X-ray irradiation and display in a CT instrument.
(4) And (5) temperature control experiment. The influence of triaxial loading experiments and seepage experiments on microscopic structures such as cracks and pores in the sample 4 can be observed by changing the set temperature, so that multiple groups of experimental data are obtained, and the analysis and the treatment are facilitated.
(3) Temperature control principle of first temperature control box 603: the first switching power supply converts 220V commercial power into 5VDC and 10VDC, respectively supplies power to the first singlechip and the first thermocouple 604, sets a temperature value through a matrix key on a circuit board of the first singlechip and starts heating before operation, and at the moment, the first relay is turned on, and the first electric heating tube 602 starts heating; the first thermocouple 604 starts to detect the temperature of the fluid in the loading cavity 2 and transmits the temperature to the first singlechip in real time for identification processing, when the temperature of the fluid reaches a set value, the first singlechip sends a closing instruction to the first relay, the first electrothermal tube 602 is powered off to stop working, when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, the first singlechip restarts the first relay, the first electrothermal tube 602 is powered on to continue heating, and finally the temperature is maintained within the set value range.
(4) The temperature control principle of the second temperature control box 903: the second switching power supply converts 220V commercial power into 5VDC and 10VDC, respectively supplies power to the second singlechip and the second thermocouple 904, sets a temperature value through a matrix key on a circuit board of the second singlechip and starts heating before operation, and at the moment, the second relay is opened, and the second electric heating tube 902 starts heating; the second thermocouple 904 starts to detect the temperature of the fluid in the loading cavity 2 and transmits the temperature to the second singlechip in real time for identification processing, when the temperature of the fluid reaches a set value, the second singlechip sends a closing instruction to the second relay, the second electrothermal tube 902 is powered off to stop working, when the detected temperature is lower than the set value, the second singlechip again starts the second relay, the second electrothermal tube 902 is powered on to continue heating, and finally the temperature is maintained within the set value range.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a triaxial loading seepage flow device for CT, includes seepage flow device main part (1), its characterized in that: the seepage device is characterized in that a loading cavity (2), an upper pressure head (3), a rubber sleeve (301), a sample (4), a pressing seat (5), a pressure stabilizing pipe inlet (6), a first pressure gauge (601), a first electric heating pipe (602), a first temperature control box (603), a first thermocouple (604), a pressure bearing plate (7), an oil inlet pipe (8), a third pressure gauge (801), a seepage hose (9), a second pressure gauge (901), a second electric heating pipe (902), a second temperature control box (903), a second thermocouple (904), a transmission column (10), a pressure stabilizing pipe outlet (11), a displacement gauge (12), a base (13), a first seepage hard pipe (14), a second seepage hard pipe (15) and a seepage output hard pipe (16) are arranged on a main body (1); the loading cavity (2) is fixedly embedded into the base (13) and is internally communicated with the base, a pressure stabilizing tube inlet (6) is formed in the upper portion of the side face of the loading cavity (2), a first pressure gauge (601) is arranged on the pressure stabilizing tube inlet (6), the right end of the first pressure gauge (601) is fixedly connected with an electric heating tube (602), the right end of the first electric heating tube (602) extends into the loading cavity (2), the first electric heating tube (602) is electrically connected with a first temperature control box (603), a first thermocouple (604) is fixedly arranged in the loading cavity (2), and a pressure stabilizing tube outlet (11) is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the loading cavity (2); the device is characterized in that a detachable upper pressure head (3) is arranged at the top end of the interior of the loading cavity (2), a seepage output hard tube (16) is embedded on the central shaft of the interior of the upper pressure head (3), the bottom end of the upper pressure head (3) is connected with the upper end of a detachable rubber sleeve (301), a sample (4) is sleeved in the middle of the rubber sleeve (301), the lower end of the rubber sleeve (301) is connected with the top end of a pressing seat (5), a secondary seepage hard tube (15) is embedded on the central shaft of the interior of the pressing seat (5), the bottom end of the pressing seat (5) is horizontally arranged on a base (13) and is in contact connection with the top end of a transmission column (10), the bottom end of the transmission column (10) is fixedly connected with the top surface of a bearing plate (7), a primary seepage hard tube (14) is embedded on the central shaft of the interior of the transmission column (10), and the bottom end of the primary seepage hard tube (14) is fixedly connected with the bottom end of a seepage hose (9); the electric heating pipe (902) is vertically inlaid on the right side of the top surface of the base (13), the electric heating pipe (902) is electrically connected with the temperature control box (903) No. two, the seepage hose (9) is sleeved in the electric heating pipe (902) No. two, the starting end of the seepage hose (9) is connected with a pressure gauge No. two (901), a thermocouple No. two (904) is fixedly installed on the lower end of the electric heating pipe (902) and the pipe wall of the seepage hose (9), an oil inlet pipe (8) is inlaid at the bottom of the base (13), and a displacement meter (12) is inlaid on the left side of the top surface of the base (13); the inner side and the outer side of the loading cavity (2) and the inner side of the base (13) are of cylindrical-like structure design; one end of the oil inlet pipe (8) is led to the lower side surface of the bearing plate (7), and the other end of the oil inlet pipe is connected with a third pressure gauge (801).
2. A triaxial loading percolation device for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom end of the displacement meter (12) is vertically contacted with the bearing plate (7), and scale marks are marked on the displacement meter (12).
3. A triaxial loading percolation device for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: two rings of anti-slip convex rings are arranged at the bottom end of the upper pressing head (3) and the top end of the lower pressing seat (5), and sealing rings and sealing gaskets are arranged on the side surfaces of the top of the upper pressing head (3) and the side surface of the bottom of the lower pressing seat (5).
4. A triaxial loading percolation device for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inside soft rubber sealing washer that is provided with in second grade seepage flow hard tube (15) bottom, first grade seepage flow hard tube (14) top can cup joint in soft rubber sealing washer.
5. A triaxial loading percolation device for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circumference of the bearing plate (7) is fixedly provided with a sealing ring and a sealing gasket.
6. A triaxial loading percolation device for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first switch power supply, a first singlechip and a first relay are arranged in the first temperature control box (603), the first singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the first singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the first switch power supply, and an input port of the first switch power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the first singlechip is electrically connected with the first thermocouple (604), the signal control port of the first singlechip is electrically connected with the control port of the first relay, the input port of the first relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the first relay is electrically connected with the first electric heating tube (602).
7. The triaxial loading apparatus for CT according to claim 6, wherein: a second switching power supply, a second singlechip and a second relay are arranged in the second temperature control box (903), the second singlechip adopts an AT89C51 chip, a power port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with an output port of the second switching power supply, and an input port of the second switching power supply is connected with 220V mains supply; the signal receiving port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the second thermocouple (904), the signal control port of the second singlechip is electrically connected with the control port of the second relay, the input port of the first relay is connected with 220V mains supply, and the output port of the second relay is electrically connected with the second electrothermal tube (902).
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| CN113567322B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2024-01-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Test device and method for researching mechanical properties of pore medium by water pressure |
| CN115184168B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-01-23 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Multifunctional soil sample testing collaborative CT scanning device and scanning method |
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