CN112229739B - High-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT (computed tomography) online scanning - Google Patents
High-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT (computed tomography) online scanning Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT (computed tomography) online scanning, belonging to the technical field of rock experimental devices. The technical problems of limited application range, limited temperature loading range and complex structure of the conventional experimental device for the CT scanning system are mainly solved. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning comprises a high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container, an upper axial loading rod, a lower axial loading rod, a base, a confining pressure cavity, an upper circulating water cooling system, a lower circulating water cooling system, an internal heater, a pressure and temperature detection pipeline, a confining pressure inlet, a heat preservation layer, an AlNiCo magnetic convection device and a heating sleeve. The invention has the advantages of simple installation and connection, small volume, good pressure and temperature stabilizing effect and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT (computed tomography) online scanning, belonging to the technical field of rock experimental devices.
Background
High temperature and high pressure rock mechanics is an important research content of rock mechanics. With the increasingly perfect research on the macroscopic mechanical properties of rock materials, the microscopic rock mechanics, which is based on the rock microscopic structure and the crack evolution and inoculation process thereof under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and the influence thereof on the rock mechanical strength and the seepage characteristics, becomes a new trend of the rock mechanical development. The high-temperature rock triaxial online CT scanning experimental device can realize direct observation of internal pores and cracks of rocks on a microscopic scale, is an important means and instrument for researching mechanical properties and seepage properties of high-temperature and high-pressure rocks, and can make up important functions which cannot be realized by a conventional triaxial rock testing machine.
The existing pressure chamber for the triaxial test of CT scanning adopts a material design loading pressure chamber through which rays can penetrate, the problem that the rays cannot penetrate through the traditional true triaxial test machine is solved, but the pressure chamber cannot set pore pressure for carrying out a seepage test and cannot set a high-temperature stress field, and the application range is limited. Some thermal coupling loading testers are internally provided with a heat source generating device for infrared radiation heating. However, the device has a small structure, is only suitable for loading a tiny sample smaller than a standard sample, and can not reach the temperature and pressure required by high-temperature and high-pressure rock mechanics. Chinese patent CN102778464B discloses a high-temperature high-pressure industrial CT scanning system and a using method thereof, and the system adopts hydraulic pressure to apply temperature and pressure to a sample in a high-pressure barrel to simulate the rock physical characteristics of oil and gas strata. The maximum heating temperature of the device is limited and is only 120 ℃, and the experimental requirement cannot be met. In addition, chinese application patent CN109738294a discloses a true triaxial stress seepage coupling experimental apparatus for X-CT, which is provided with a pressure pump, a thermometer, a flowmeter, a balance, etc. in the axial direction, the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction of the apparatus respectively for monitoring parameters such as pressure, temperature, etc., on one hand, the apparatus is complex and not easy to operate, and more importantly, circulating hot air is adopted for temperature application in the apparatus, the temperature loading range is limited, and the temperature required by high-temperature and high-pressure rock mechanics cannot be reached, and the circulating hot air can cause certain damage to the CT scanning system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of limited application range, limited temperature loading range and complex structure of the conventional experimental device for a CT scanning system, and provides a high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning comprises a high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container, an upper axial loading rod, a lower axial loading rod, a base, a confining pressure cavity, an upper circulating water cooling system, a lower circulating water cooling system, an internal heater, a pressure and temperature detection pipeline, a confining pressure inlet, a heat preservation layer, an Alnico magnetic convector and a heating jacket, wherein the upper axial loading rod is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container, the lower end surface of the upper axial loading rod is in direct contact with the upper surface of a rock sample, and the upper part of the lower axial loading rod is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container, and the upper end surface of the lower axial loading rod is in direct contact with the lower surface of the rock sample; the utility model discloses a pressure vessel, including heating jacket cover, axial loading pole, heat preservation, upper end, temperature and rock sample, the heating jacket cover is under the well lower part of axial loading pole and wherein the upper portion dress is in the pressurization hole that the lower part of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel inner chamber set up, the heating jacket is connected with high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel's bottom, the lower part of heating jacket is adorned in the round hole that the base set up together with the lower part of lower axial loading pole, the heat preservation parcel is on high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel's lateral surface, alnico magnetic convector dress is in the lower part in the heat preservation outside, go up the side parcel purple copper cover of axial loading pole, lower axial loading pole and rock sample and the confined confining pressure chamber of formation between purple copper cover surface and the high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel inner wall, pressure and temperature detection pipeline establish in high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel's bottom and be connected with pressure tracking system and temperature control system, the confining pressure entry is established in high temperature high pressure vessel's lower part and is communicate with the confining pressure chamber, the position that high temperature high pressure vessel upper portion is close to going up the axial loading pole is provided with circulation water cooling system, the middle part of heating jacket is equipped with the interior heater, the lower part of heating jacket is equipped with circulation water cooling system.
Furthermore, the shell of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel is made of titanium alloy or high-strength carbon fiber, and can bear the strength of 50MPa of confining pressure and 100MPa of axial pressure on the basis that the shell absorbs no more than 10% of X-ray energy.
Further, the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel adopts high-temperature heat conduction oil as confining pressure medium for heating, and the heating temperature range is as follows: 0-600 °; the loading pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container is as follows: the axial pressure is 100MPa, the confining pressure is 50MPa, the pore pressure is 30MPa, and the pressure resolution is 1%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention can realize larger loading pressure and higher temperature when being matched with CT scanning, and can realize the intuitive measurement and real-time evolution rule research of rock microscopic deformation and seepage mechanism of the rock at higher temperature and higher pressure.
(2) The invention designs the internal heating device in the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis pressure container, improves the heating system of a pressure transmission medium, and adds the water cooling system and the magnetic convector device, so that the heating temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis pressure container is higher, more uniform and more stable.
(3) The invention has simple installation and connection, small volume and good pressure and temperature stabilizing effect, and is suitable for long-term measurement in high-temperature and high-pressure rock mechanics experiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a state diagram of the present invention in use;
in the figure: 1-high temperature high pressure three-axis pressure vessel; 2-a rock sample; 3-upper axial loading rod; 4-lower axial loading rod; 5-a base; 6-confining pressure cavity; 7-upper circulating water cooling system; 8-lower circulating water cooling system; 9-an internal heater; 10-pressure and temperature detection pipeline; 11-confining pressure inlet; 12-an insulating layer; 13-alnico magnetic convector; 14-a heating jacket; A-X-ray machine and its movement control system; b-high temperature and high pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning; c-detector motion control system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-temperature and high-pressure rock triaxial experimental apparatus matched with CT online scanning in this embodiment includes a high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1, an upper axial loading rod 3, a lower axial loading rod 4, a base 5, a confining pressure cavity 6, an upper circulating water cooling system 7, a lower circulating water cooling system 8, an internal heater 9, a pressure and temperature detection pipeline 10, a confining pressure inlet 11, an insulating layer 12, an alnico magnetic convector 13 and a heating jacket 14, wherein the upper axial loading rod 3 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1, and the lower end surface thereof is in direct contact with the upper surface of a rock sample 2, and the upper part of the lower axial loading rod 4 is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1, and the upper end surface thereof is in direct contact with the lower surface of the rock sample 2; 14 covers of heating jacket 14 under in the pressurization hole that the well lower part of axial loading pole 4 and wherein upper portion dress set up in the lower part of 1 inner chamber of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel, cover of heating jacket 14 is connected with the bottom of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1, the lower part of cover of heating jacket 14 is adorned in the round hole that base 5 set up with the lower part of axial loading pole 4 down, heat preservation 12 parcel is on the lateral surface of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1, alnico magnetic type convector 13 dress is in the lower part in the heat preservation 12 outside, go up axial loading pole 3, down the side parcel purple copper sheathing and the purple copper sheathing surface of axial loading pole 4 and rock sample 2 and form inclosed confined confining pressure chamber 6 between high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 inner wall, pressure and temperature detection pipeline 10 establish in the bottom of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 and be connected with pressure tracking system and temperature control system, confining pressure entry 11 establishes in the lower part of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 and communicates with confining pressure vessel 6, the position that upper portion of upper portion is close to last axial loading pole 3 is provided with circulating water cooling system 7, the middle part of heating jacket 14 is equipped with water cooling system 14, the lower part of water cooling system 9, the lower part of heating jacket 14. And a fluid channel is arranged in the center of the upper axial loading rod 3 and the lower axial loading rod 4.
The shell of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 is made of titanium alloy or high-strength carbon fiber, and can bear the strength of 50MPa of confining pressure and 100MPa of axial pressure by taking the standard that the X-ray energy absorption of the shell is not more than 10%.
The high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 adopts high-temperature heat transfer oil as confining pressure medium for heating, and the heating temperature range is as follows: 0-600 degrees; the loading pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 is as follows: the axial pressure is 100MPa, the confining pressure is 50MPa, the pore pressure is 30MPa, and the pressure resolution is 1%.
The method for carrying out the high-temperature and high-pressure rock mechanics experiment of CT online scanning comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing and loading a rock sample. Processing a rock sample 2 into a columnar sample matched with the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container 1, polishing the surface of the columnar sample, wrapping the columnar sample together with an upper axial loading rod 3 and a lower axial loading rod 4, placing the columnar sample in a 0.04mm red copper sleeve, placing the columnar sample in the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container 1, and connecting a pipeline and a pipeline.
(2) And (4) stress loading. The upper axial loading rod 3, the lower axial loading rod 4 and the base 5 are utilized to apply axial pressure to the rock sample 2, and confining pressure is applied to the rock sample 2 in the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel 1 through the confining pressure inlet 11.
(3) Temperature loading and stress adjustment. The temperature of the rock sample 2 is applied through a temperature control system, and an upper circulating water cooling system 7 and a lower circulating water cooling system 8 are connected. The pressure and the temperature of the rock sample 2 are adjusted through a pressure tracking system, so that the temperature and the stress of the rock sample 2 are maintained in a target temperature state and a target pressure state.
(4) And (4) CT scanning. The CT scanning system is turned on and the initial state of the rock sample 2 is scanned.
(5) And (4) injecting the fluid. And injecting fluid into the rock sample 2 through a fluid passage in the centers of the upper axial loading rod 3 and the lower axial loading rod 4 to perform permeability test.
(6) And (4) stress loading. The rock sample 2 is stressed according to a predetermined stress path.
(7) And (4) CT scanning. When the rock sample 2 reaches a predetermined stress state, or is damaged, or reaches the seepage requirement, the CT scanning is performed again.
(8) And (4) unloading the stress. And after the rock sample 2 is damaged or the test is finished, stopping heating, and unloading the stress when the temperatures of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis pressure container 1 and the rock sample 2 are cooled to room temperature. The pore pressure is unloaded first, and then the axial pressure and confining pressure are synchronously unloaded.
(9) And (5) equipment and data arrangement. And (4) storing the data, taking out the rock sample 2 and arranging the device.
The invention designs the internal heating device, improves the heating system of a pressure transmission medium, adds the water cooling system and the magnetic convector device, and can ensure that the pressure loaded by the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel is larger and the heating temperature is higher, more uniform and more stable when the CT scanning is matched. The rock microscopic deformation and seepage mechanism visual measurement and real-time evolution rule research of the rock at higher temperature and higher pressure can be realized, the pressure and temperature stabilizing effect is good, and the rock microscopic deformation and seepage mechanism visual measurement and real-time evolution rule research device is suitable for long-term measurement and use in high-temperature and high-pressure rock experiments.
It should be understood that modifications or variations may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, particularly by modifying the internal configuration of the high temperature, high pressure tri-axial pressure vessel, or by using other types of internal heaters, water cooling systems or convection devices, within the scope of the claims herein.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a cooperation CT on-line scanning's high temperature high pressure rock triaxial experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container (1), an upper axial loading rod (3), a lower axial loading rod (4), a base (5), a confining pressure cavity (6), an upper circulating water cooling system (7), a lower circulating water cooling system (8), an internal heater (9), a pressure and temperature detection pipeline (10), a confining pressure inlet (11), a heat preservation layer (12), an AlNiCo magnetic convector (13) and a heating jacket (14), wherein the upper axial loading rod (3) is arranged on the upper part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container (1), the lower end surface of the upper axial loading rod is in direct contact with the upper surface of a rock sample (2), and the upper part of the lower axial loading rod (4) is arranged on the lower part of the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container (1), and the upper end surface of the lower axial loading rod is in direct contact with the lower surface of the rock sample (2); the middle lower part of axial loading pole (4) under and wherein upper portion dress is in the pressurization hole that the lower part of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1) inner chamber set up under heating jacket (14) cover, heating jacket (14) are connected with the bottom of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1), the lower part of heating jacket (14) is adorned in the round hole that base (5) set up with the lower part of axial loading pole (4) down, heat preservation (12) parcel is on the lateral surface of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1), alnico magnetic convector (13) dress is in the lower part in heat preservation (12) outside, go up axial loading pole (3), the side parcel purple copper cover of lower axial loading pole (4) and rock sample (2) and purple copper cover surface and high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1) inner wall form airtight confining pressure chamber (6), pressure and temperature detection pipeline (10) are established in the bottom of high temperature high pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1) and are tracked pressure system and temperature control system and are connected, pressure and temperature confining pressure inlet (11) establish triaxial confining pressure system (1) and water-cooling vessel (1) upper portion (7) that high pressure vessel (1) and high pressure circulating system is close to high temperature circulating heater (7), and a lower circulating water cooling system (8) is arranged at the lower part of the heating jacket (14).
2. The high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning according to claim 1, wherein: the shell of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure vessel (1) is made of titanium alloy or high-strength carbon fiber, and can bear the strength confining pressure of 50MPa and the axial pressure of 100MPa on the basis that the shell absorbs no more than 10% of X-ray energy.
3. The high-temperature high-pressure rock triaxial experimental device matched with CT online scanning according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container (1) adopts high-temperature heat conduction oil as confining pressure medium for heating, and the heating temperature range is as follows: 0-600 °; the loading pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial pressure container is as follows: the axial pressure is 100MPa, the confining pressure is 50MPa, the pore pressure is 30MPa, and the pressure resolution is 1%.
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