CN101949802A - Mesoscopic shearing test unit for gas containing coal rock - Google Patents
Mesoscopic shearing test unit for gas containing coal rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN101949802A CN101949802A CN 201010283290 CN201010283290A CN101949802A CN 101949802 A CN101949802 A CN 101949802A CN 201010283290 CN201010283290 CN 201010283290 CN 201010283290 A CN201010283290 A CN 201010283290A CN 101949802 A CN101949802 A CN 101949802A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mesoscopic shearing test unit for gas containing coal rocks. A clamping body is provided with a test cavity. A fixing seat provided with a test piece holding cavity is arranged in the test cavity. The bottom of the test piece holding cavity is a step plane. The clamping body is provided with a clamping body vertical pressure shaft hole penetrating through an upper end surface and the test cavity, and a clamping body horizontal pressure shaft hole penetrating through a left end surface and the test cavity. A vertical pressure shaft is arranged in the clamping body vertical pressure shaft hole, and the lower end of the vertical pressure shaft extends into the test piece holding cavity. A horizontal pressure shaft is arranged in the clamping body horizontal pressure shaft hole, and the right end of the horizontal pressure shaft extends into the test piece holding cavity. The test unit can be used for researching the dynamic processes of the generation, the expanding and the breakage of cracks in the shearing breakage process of the coal rocks from a mesoscopic angle, and provide an effective test means for the researches on shearing instability breakage of the coal rocks as well as a coal and gas outburst mechanism under a solid-gas coupling action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shearing test device, especially relate to a kind of coal containing methane gas rock that can carry out the coal containing methane gas rock shear failure process testing under different stress, the different gas pressure state and carefully see shearing test device.
Background technology
Coal and gas are outstanding to be a kind of extremely complicated mine gas dynamic phenomenon that runs in the Coal Production.In recent years, coal and gas burst accident take place frequently, and the safety in production of China's coal-mine in serious threat.How being familiar with coal and gas outburst mechanism and proposing corresponding FORECAST AND PREVENTION measure according to this, improve the safe coefficient that China's coal-mine is produced, is the science difficult problem that need to be resolved hurrily of pendulum in face of the coal industry researcher.From the viewpoint of combined action hypothesis, coal and gas are given prominence to and are come down to the formed a kind of disaster phenomenon of coal body generation shear failure under stress, the gas coupling.Therefore, carry out the shearing Research on Mechanical Properties of coal body under stress, the gas coupling, particularly from the angle of thin sight, generation, expansion to crackle in the coal petrography shear failure process are studied until the dynamic process of fracture, can be the outstanding correlated phenomena of coal and gas and give the more explanation of science, have important theory value and engineering directive significance disclosing coal and gas outburst mechanism to a deeper level and proposing the FORECAST AND PREVENTION measure more scientifically and rationally.
At present, in order to study the strength characteristics of rock soil mass, some scholars and R﹠D institution have carried out unremitting effort, have developed the different shear strength test instrument of form.Hohai University has developed large-scale single, direct shear apparatus, is used to measure the shearing strength of Coarse Aggregate upper body, and the test of the aspects such as surface of contact characteristic of different materials is ground
Study carefully.This instrument adopts board-like framed structure, and is handsome in appearance, and stress condition is good; Normal direction load and tangential thrust all use load transducer (electronic dynamometer) to measure, and vertically reach horizontal shift and measure the employing grating displacement sensor; System's all hydraulic and electric operation by-pass valve control, switch are all concentrated and are placed on the control flow handled easily; Coordinative composition of equipments has computing machine automatic data acquisition disposal system, finishes the collection storage of load, displacement and the automatic control of horizontal thrust.In addition, this equipment is also supporting to have staight scissors to cut box, can carry out direct shear test.Chengdu University of Technology has developed a kind of direct shear test machine for rock, the test main frame comprises that four column vertical loads load frame and the four-pull-rod horizontal loading loads frame, load cylinder, roller bearing heat-extraction system and parts such as ball system, shearing component, bulb and ball seat and load transducer, be connected an accurate flow speed control valve between hydraulic pressure regulator and the horizontal load cylinder, measuring system is carried out data acquisition process by computing machine, has rock direct shear test and staight scissors rheological test two big functions.Rock-soil mechanics key lab of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed the large-scale direct shear apparatus of on-the-spot indoor dual-purpose, can be used for scene and shop experiment.The indoor DHJ60 type stacked ring type shear testing maschine of geotechnique research institute of the Changjiang river research institute, sample is the cube that is of a size of 600 mm * 600 mm * 600 mm, the maximum characteristics of this kind direct shear apparatus are to have eliminated the single shortcoming of shear surface in the conventional direct shear apparatus, and sample might be destroyed along the most weak shear surface.Water conservancy and hydropower institute of Sichuan University has developed a large-scale coarse-grained soil direct shear test machine, adopt pinion and rack to fix the position at shear surface center, use linear ratio row voltage-regulating technique to make normal stress constant simultaneously, solved the skew of shear surface center, normal stress problem of uneven distribution on the shear surface.
Aspect the thin sight experimental system of ground class material, special-purpose loading equipemtn of the rock-soil mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences cold area arid region environment and Engineering research institute's development and X ray CT machine are supporting, and the CT that can finish under single shaft, three of vacations, cyclic loading, high temperature and the subzero temperature detects test.China Mining University has developed SEM fatique testing at elevated temperature system, can carry out the real-time monitored that metal, nonmetallic materials fine sight structural change and defective when quiet, dynamic load develop.Wuhan Inst. of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed rock mesomechanics load apparatus, utilize the overall process that 4 plane deformations of rock sample destroy in the optical stereo microscopic examination uniaxial loading process, rock single shaft, three axial compressions of the having developed Ying Li – Shui Liu – chemical coupling in addition fine observation mechanical test device that contracts, this device provides new thinking for the experimental study of carrying out the multiple physical field coupling.Yet the thin sight device at the coal containing methane gas rock is but relatively more rare, He Xueqiu etc. have developed a kind of coal containing methane gas distortion and the dynamic microscopic observation system that breaks, its charger is the cylindrical pressure cylinder that is provided with observation window, do window material with 5 mm float glasses, become plane width to be about the plane of 10～15 mm one side grinding of cylindrical coal petrography test specimen, as plane of vision, recording geometry adopts long apart from high-power microscope, can swing.
University Of Chongqing has carried out fruitful research to the mechanical test of coal containing methane gas rock, and developed a kind of fine observation mechanical test system containing gas coal rock, China Patent No. is ZL200820099768.9, name is called the patent of invention of " fine observation mechanical test system containing gas coal rock " and has put down in writing a kind of fine observation mechanical test system containing gas coal rock, at the fixing transparent visor of the open-mouth of test chamber, transparent visor is provided with three-dimensional mobile microscopic observation frame outward, fixing body stereomicroscope and ccd video camera on the mobile microscopic observation frame of this three-dimensional; The inner of measuring lead connects calibrate AE sensor, and outer end and acoustic emission amplifier harmony transmission cards join; Test chamber communicates with tracheae with pore by many, and tracheae is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel joins with gas cylinder, and another road and vacuum pump join; Be provided with cushion block, spacing pressure head and loading head in test chamber, the longitudinal surface of cushion block " L " v notch v is over against spacing pressure head, and the athwartship plane of cushion block " L " v notch v is over against loading head.Provide certain research technique though this kind structure can be carried out the theoretical analysis of coal petrography unstable failure under the fine observation mechanical test Wei Gu – gas coupling condition of weak coal petrography under different stresses and the gas pressure condition, also have many deficiencies: that first this device is mainly realized is single shaft, plane strain, three (σ
2=σ
3) etc. the experimental test under the stress, fail to realize the shear test of coal containing methane gas rock; The secondth, what be provided with in test chamber is a circular arc cushion block, simultaneously the test specimen locating device is not set, so test specimen is when being placed on it, and fixed effect is poor, thereby can cause the inaccurate of measurement data; The 3rd is just stop means that side direction is installed, and can not realize value-added tax function.
To sum up analyze as seen, existing device is on function or be confined to the research of the shear property of ground class material, be confined to the research of coal containing methane gas rock mesomechanics aspect of performance under stresses such as single shaft, plane strain, three, also lack a kind of effective test method and equipment at present and carry out dynamically develop the research aspect the rule of coal containing methane gas body micro-crack under the shear stress effect.
Summary of the invention
The coal containing methane gas rock that technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of generation to micro-crack in the coal petrography shear failure process under different stress, the different gas pressure coupling, expansion to study until the dynamic process of fracture is carefully seen shearing test device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the coal containing methane gas rock of design is carefully seen shearing test device, its main points are: A, have the test cavity that runs through this chuck body front/rear end on chuck body, on described chuck body, have and run through upper surface and the vertical last item of the chuck body of described test cavity hole, have the horizontal last item of the chuck body that runs through left side and described test cavity hole in this chuck body; B, in described test cavity, holder is installed, on this holder, have the test specimen placed cavity, described test specimen placed cavity bottom is the high right low step surface that is made of first bottom surface and second bottom surface in a left side, on described holder, have the horizontal last item gathering sill of the holder that runs through this holder left side and test specimen placed cavity, described chuck body vertical last item hole and described second bottom surface over against, on described holder, be fixed with location-plate, this location-plate right-hand member stretches to described test specimen placed cavity, and be positioned at described first bottom surface directly over; C, in the vertical last item of described chuck body hole vertical last item is installed, described test cavity is stretched in this vertical last item lower end, in the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole horizontal last item is installed, and this horizontal last item right-hand member stretches into the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder; D, cover respectively in described chuck body front and back end protecgulum and bonnet are housed, on described bonnet, offer air inlet/outlet and measure the terminal mounting hole, on described protecgulum, be fixed with transparent visor view window.
The present invention carries out Creative Design on the basis of many deficiencies of traditional shearing test device, have the test cavity that runs through this chuck body front/rear end in the above structure on the chuck body, cover respectively in this chuck body front and back end protecgulum and bonnet are housed, so the present invention is being placed on the pressurized operation platform, make of the present invention simple in structure and compact, on protecgulum, be fixed with transparent visor view window, this kind structure can make in the process of the test good observation experiment chamber include the destructive process of gas coal rock, simultaneously, offer air inlet/outlet and measure the terminal mounting hole at described protecgulum, by air inlet/outlet test cavity is communicated with the gas feed system in the external world, this gas feed system is by vacuum pump, tensimeter, three-way control valve, gas cylinder, compositions such as tracheae, so can make the present invention can be to the generation of micro-crack in the coal petrography shear failure process under the different gas pressure couplings, expansion is tested until the dynamic process of fracture, can installation acoustic emission probe be connected with measurement lead nipple by measuring the terminal mounting hole, measuring the lead coupling is connected with the acoustic emission signal amplifier, and the acoustic emission signal amplifier is connected with computing machine, stereomicroscope links with ccd video camera, ccd video camera and computer link, so can be from the angular observation of thin sight to coal petrography shear failure process the generation of micro-crack, expansion is until the dynamic process of fracture.
In the test cavity holder is installed described in the above structure, test specimen is placed in the test specimen placed cavity, because described test specimen placed cavity bottom is the step surface that the first low bottom surface of the high right side, a left side and second bottom surface constitute, therefore test specimen lower end left part and described first bottom surface are close to, the lower end right part is in vacant state, being fixed with location-plate on the holder simultaneously pushes down test specimen, so can realize the fixed placement of test specimen, in the time of need carrying out the shear test of vertical direction, vertical last item moves downward under the effect that adds press, and the right part of test exerted pressure, so can realize shearing to test specimen, the pressure of vertical last item can be regulated the pressure that adds press as required; In the time of need carrying out the failure test of horizontal direction, horizontal last item pressurizes to test specimen under the effect of pressue device, simultaneously, plus-pressure also can be regulated by pressue device, thereby realizes the generation, expansion of micro-crack in the coal petrography shear failure process under different stress, the different gas pressure coupling dynamic process until fracture.
The horizontal last item of described chuck body hole is a shoulder hole left large and right small, in the horizontal last item of this chuck body hole first orienting sleeve is installed, this first orienting sleeve is enclosed within outward outside the described horizontal last item, and this first orienting sleeve right-hand member is against on the step in the horizontal last item of the described chuck body hole, is set with first O-ring seal on the horizontal last item on the described first orienting sleeve right side.It is more reliable that the motion of horizontal last item is set in the above structure behind first orienting sleeve, and the leakage that first O-ring seal can be good at preventing gas in the test cavity is set, and so can be good at the accuracy of warranty test.
In like manner, in order to guarantee the reliability of vertical last item motion, prevent the leakage of gas in the test cavity, the accuracy of good warranty test, the vertical last item of described chuck body hole is up big and down small shoulder hole, in the vertical last item of this chuck body hole second orienting sleeve is installed, and this second orienting sleeve is enclosed within outward outside the described vertical last item, and this second orienting sleeve lower end is against on the step in the vertical last item of the described chuck body hole, is set with second O-ring seal on the vertical last item below described second orienting sleeve.
For can be convenient in process of the test test specimen be placed in the test specimen placed cavity, on described holder, have the test specimen that runs through this holder right side and described test specimen placed cavity and put into the hole, and this described test specimen put into hole and the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder over against.
In described test specimen placed cavity, be placed with location antifriction baffle plate, this antifriction baffle plate right side, location is adjacent to the inwall of described test specimen placed cavity, and should location antifriction baffle plate and the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder over against, described location antifriction baffle plate is made up of baffle plate and roller, on described baffle plate, laterally have one group of arc roller mounting groove, described roller is stuck in this roller mounting groove, and this roller can roll in described roller mounting groove.Creatively be provided with antifriction baffle plate in location in the above structure, the test specimen that is placed in the test specimen placed cavity is close on this location antifriction baffle plate, in the shear test process, the test specimen right part moves downward under the effect of vertical last item, because the existence of roller on the antifriction baffle plate of location, so an one of shearing of test specimen can do rolling movement, and adopting rolls replaces and slide, reduce frictional resistance greatly, thereby improved the precision of test.
Be provided with limited step at described horizontal last item left part, on this horizontal last item, be set with compression spring, this compression spring one end is against on the described limited step, the other end is against on described first orienting sleeve, above structure adopts compression spring is set, and horizontal last item is automatically reset after test is finished.
Be fixed with horizontal last item transition pressure head at described horizontal last item right-hand member, be fixed with the side direction load maintainer at this horizontal last item left end, described side direction load maintainer is by miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat, miniature lifting jack and digital display pressure transducer are formed, wherein said miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat is fixed on described chuck body left end, in this miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat, miniature lifting jack is installed, this miniature jack piston end is fixed with the digital display pressure transducer, this digital display pressure transducer is against described horizontal last item left end, adopt above structure level last item transition pressure head can avoid the too short stroke that causes of horizontal last item not enough, the existence of miniature lifting jack can be when guaranteeing pressurization structure simpler, the digital display pressure transducer is set can be observed miniature lifting jack institute applied pressure.
Be fixed with 4 register pins on described holder rear end face, these 4 register pin rear ends all are against on the described bonnet, and above structure can be good at preventing holder rocking in process of the test.
Beneficial effect: 1, the present invention can flow coal petrography under the solid coupling and in the shearing mechanical test of hazardous rock, shear fine observation mechanical test in particular for coal petrography under the gas pressure effect more reliable research technique is provided, for providing new test method from thin sight angle research coal and gas outburst mechanism.
2, the present invention can carry out the test of various ways.The present invention has carried out design flexible to piece fixture and side direction stop means, restricted shearing can be carried out and also non-limiting shear test can be carried out, the shearing fine observation mechanical test that can carry out the coal containing methane gas rock also can carry out the shearing fine observation mechanical test of coal containing methane gas rock not or rock, and the installation of test specimen, debugging and dismounting are also more convenient.
3, the present invention has good air-tightness.Consider inflation and the different requirements that vacuumize sealing, all adopt the combination seal of O RunddichtringO and two Yx RunddichtringO formations to seal between vertical last item of this device and side direction last item and test body, adopt the O RunddichtringO to seal between protecgulum and bonnet and test body, guaranteed the whole sealing effectiveness of device, can carry out the shearing fine observation mechanical test under the different gas pressure effects, make the experimental study condition more near on-the-spot actual.
4, means of testing variation of the present invention.The present invention writes down shear stress-strain curve by pressure testing machine in process of the test, carry out the real-time micro-image observation and the collection of crack growth in the process of the test by the crackle recording geometry, carry out the collection of the acoustic emission signal of test specimen internal injury by acoustic emission system, for providing omnibearing research parameter from thin sight angle research coal and gas outburst mechanism.
5, have simple in structurely in the global design of the present invention, processing cost is low, good reliability, characteristics such as easy to operate.This device is optimized the size of each parts satisfying under the prerequisite of requirement of experiment, has both satisfied structural simplification, also greatly reduces processing cost simultaneously.From test findings to sandstone test specimen in early stage, the reliability height of device, also convenient in the operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structure intention of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of holder 4 among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of location antifriction baffle plate 12 among Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 6.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3: shown in the coal containing methane gas rock carefully see shearing test device, by chuck body 1, holder 2, location-plate 3, vertical last item 4, horizontal last item 5, protecgulum 6, bonnet 7, transparent visor view window 8 formations such as grade, on chuck body 1, have the test cavity 1a that runs through this chuck body 1 front/rear end, this test cavity 1a is square test cavity, on described chuck body 1, have and run through upper surface and the vertical last item of the chuck body of described test cavity 1a hole 1b, the vertical last item of described chuck body hole 1b is up big and down small shoulder hole, hole 1b is equipped with second orienting sleeve 11 at the vertical last item of this chuck body, and these second orienting sleeve, 11 lower ends are against on the interior step of the vertical last item of described chuck body hole 1b, be equipped with vertical last item 4 in second orienting sleeve 11 in the vertical last item of described chuck body hole 1b, described test cavity 1a is stretched in these vertical last item 4 lower ends, and on the vertical last item 4 below described second orienting sleeve 11, be set with second O-ring seal 19, this second O-ring seal 19 adopts the combination seal of O RunddichtringO and two Yx RunddichtringO formations to seal, have the horizontal last item of the chuck body hole 1c that runs through left side and described test cavity 1a in this chuck body 1, the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole 1c is a shoulder hole left large and right small, hole 1c is equipped with first orienting sleeve 9 at the horizontal last item of this chuck body, and these first orienting sleeve, 9 right-hand members are against on the interior step of the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole 1c, be equipped with horizontal last item 5 in first orienting sleeve 9 in the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole 1c, these horizontal last item 5 right-hand members stretch into the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder 2b, be set with first O-ring seal 10 on the horizontal last item 5 on described first orienting sleeve 9 right sides, this first O-ring seal 10 also adopts the combination seal of O RunddichtringO and two Yx RunddichtringO formations to seal;
In conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 5 as can be seen: in described test cavity 1a, holder 2 is installed, on this holder 2, have test specimen placed cavity 2a, on described holder 2, have the test specimen that runs through these holder 2 right sides and described test specimen placed cavity 2a and put into hole 2c, and this described test specimen put into hole 2c and the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder 2b over against, described test specimen placed cavity 2a bottom be the high right low first bottom surface 2a ' and the second bottom surface 2a of a left side " step surface that constitutes; on described holder 2, have the horizontal last item gathering sill of the holder 2b that runs through these holder 2 left sides and test specimen placed cavity 2a; also described holder horizontal last item gathering sill 2b and the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole 1c over against; the vertical last item of described chuck body hole 1b and the described second bottom surface 2a " over against, on described holder 2, be fixed with location-plate 3, these location-plate 3 right-hand members stretch to described test specimen placed cavity 2a, and be positioned at the described first bottom surface 2a ' directly over, on described location-plate 3 right part external parts, have bolt hole, when test specimen being put into described test specimen placed cavity 2a, can not well test specimen be pushed down in order to prevent location-plate 3, therefore between described location-plate 3 and test specimen, also set up backing plate 20, have on this backing plate 20 with described location-plate 3 on screw hole over against pit, the screw rod of packing in the screw hole on described location-plate 3, the lower end of this screw rod is against in the pit of described backing plate 20, rotary screw, this screw rod will be given 20 1 downward power of backing plate, thereby test specimen is firmly fixing;
Cover respectively in described chuck body 1 front and back end protecgulum 6 and bonnet 7 are housed, offer air inlet/outlet 7a and measure terminal mounting hole 7b at described bonnet 7, on described protecgulum 6, be fixed with transparent visor view window 8, on described holder 2 rear end faces, be fixed with 4 register pins 18, these 4 register pin 18 rear ends all are against on the described bonnet 7, between described protecgulum 6 and the chuck body 1, all adopt the O RunddichtringO to seal between bonnet 7 and the chuck body 1, so can prevent the leakage of methane gas, the outer gas feed system of above-mentioned air inlet/outlet 6a and the present invention connects, this gas feed system is by vacuum pump, tensimeter, three-way control valve, gas cylinder, compositions such as tracheae, above-mentioned measurement terminal mounting hole makes installation acoustic emission probe be connected with measurement lead nipple, measuring the lead coupling is connected with the acoustic emission signal amplifier, and the acoustic emission signal amplifier is connected with computing machine, stereomicroscope links with ccd video camera, ccd video camera and computer link, so can be from the angular observation of thin sight to coal petrography shear failure process the generation of micro-crack, expansion is until the dynamic process of fracture.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 be as can be seen: be placed with location antifriction baffle plate 12 in described test specimen placed cavity 2a, these location antifriction baffle plate 12 right sides are adjacent to the inwall of described test specimen placed cavity 2a, and should location antifriction baffle plate 12 with the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder 2b over against, described location antifriction baffle plate 12 is made up of baffle plate 12a and roller 12b, have vertical sipes on the described baffle plate 12a, and on this baffle plate 12a, laterally have one group of arc roller mounting groove, described roller 12b is stuck in this roller mounting groove, and this roller 12b can roll in described roller mounting groove.
Among Fig. 1: be fixed with vertical last item transition pressure head 13 in described vertical last item 4 lower ends; Be provided with limited step 5a at described horizontal last item 5 left parts, be set with compression spring 14 on this horizontal last item 5, these compression spring 14 1 ends are against on the described limited step 5a, and the other end is against on described first orienting sleeve 9.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 it can also be seen that: be fixed with horizontal last item transition pressure head 15 at described horizontal last item 5 right-hand members, be fixed with the side direction load maintainer at these horizontal last item 5 left ends, described side direction load maintainer is by miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat 16, miniature lifting jack 17 and digital display pressure transducer 18 are formed, wherein said miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat 16 is fixed on described chuck body 1 left end, in this miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat 16, miniature lifting jack 17 is installed, these miniature lifting jack 17 piston ends are fixed with digital display pressure transducer 18, and this digital display pressure transducer 18 is against described horizontal last item 5 left ends.
The present invention comes work like this:
(1) test material preparation.Raw coal: the original coal cinder that will fetch from the scene cuts into the cube square, the coal cinder that cuts out carefully carefully is polished into the raw coal coal sample of 40 * 40 * 40 mm with grinding machine, after with fine sandpaper six faces being carried out polishing then, and it is placed drying in oven, deposit with drying box again, in order to the usefulness of experiment; Moulded coal: the original coal cinder of get is pulverized with comminutor, by vibratory screening apparatus screening coal particle size is pulverized coal particle between 60～80 orders, in the coal dust that these screen, add a small amount of pure water then and evenly be placed on the coal sample that on 200t rigidity experimental machine, is pressed into 40 * 40 * 40 mm in the mould, use being positioned over to prepare against in the drying box when testing after the moulded coal coal sample oven dry for preparing at last with the pressure of 100MPa.
(2) test specimen is installed.Holder 2 is taken out from test cavity 1a, test specimen is placed on holder 2 middle parts, on the test specimen of "; its side is close on the location antifriction baffle plate 12; 1/2nd usefulness location-plates, 3 clampings in addition, and tight good positioning screw place vertical last item transition pressure head 13 over against the second bottom surface 2a " 1/2nd over against the second bottom surface 2a of test specimen, horizontal last item transition pressure head 15 places the horizontal last item gathering sill of holder 2b, and leans the side at test specimen.
(3) installation.To test body and be positioned on the pressure testing machine loading bench, and adjust the position, vertical last item 4 is in the same center line with the testing machine loading head according to the observed ray of crackle recording geometry; Acoustic emission probe is attached on the non-inspection surface of test specimen, and will pops one's head in and computer system connects with the acoustic emission signal transmission line; Holder 2 is put into test cavity 1a, vertical last item 4 is contacted with horizontal last item transition pressure head 15 with vertical last item transition pressure head 13 respectively with horizontal last item 5, apply certain pretightning force for respectively vertical last item 4 and horizontal last item 5 with pressure testing machine and hydraulic oil pump; First-class protecgulum 6 and bonnet 7 seal test cavity 1a; Connect the gas feed system; Connect the crackle recording geometry; And check whether each system works is normal.
(4) vacuum outgas.The impermeability of check test chamber 1a is opened three-way valve, outgases with vacuum pump, and general 2 ~ 3h of degassing time is to guarantee good degasifying effect.
(5) inflation adsorption equilibrium.After the degassing, close three-way valve, regulate the high pressure methane steel cylinder valve of giving vent to anger, apply predetermined gas pressure, to the test interacvity air-filling, inflationtime is generally 24h, makes the abundant adsorption equilibrium of coal sample gas.
(6) test.Opening pressure testing machine and each measuring system are carried out loading under the different condition according to the testing program of formulating.By pressure testing machine system log (SYSLOG) shear stress and shear displacemant; Write down the acoustic emission signal that the test specimen internal injury sends by acoustic emission system; Development and seizure picture by crackle recording geometry observation crackle.After a test specimen is finished, the dismounting test specimen, and repeat (2) ~ (6) step and carry out the next round test.
(7) location parameter.The parameter that writes down has: the picture of shear stress, shear displacemant, gas pressure, normal stress, crack growth and make video recording, acoustic emission signal etc.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not restriction with the present invention, all any modifications of being done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a coal containing methane gas rock is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: A, on chuck body (1), have the test cavity (1a) that runs through this chuck body (1) front/rear end, on described chuck body (1), have the vertical last item of the chuck body hole (1b) of running through upper surface and described test cavity (1a), have the horizontal last item of the chuck body hole (1c) of running through left side and described test cavity (1a) in this chuck body (1); B, holder (2) is installed in described test cavity (1a), on this holder (2), have test specimen placed cavity (2a), described test specimen placed cavity (2a) bottom be a left side high right low by first bottom surface (2a ') and second bottom surface (step surface of 2a ") formation; on described holder (2), have the horizontal last item gathering sill of holder (2b) that runs through this holder (2) left side and test specimen placed cavity (2a); over against; the vertical last item of described chuck body hole (1b) and described second bottom surface (2a ") over against, on described holder (2), be fixed with location-plate (3), this location-plate (3) right-hand member stretches to described test specimen placed cavity (2a), and be positioned at described first bottom surface (2a ') directly over; C, vertical last item (4) is installed in the vertical last item of described chuck body hole (1b), described test cavity (1a) is stretched in this vertical last item (4) lower end, horizontal last item (5) is installed in the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole (1c), and this horizontal last item (5) right-hand member stretches into the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder (2b); D, cover respectively in described chuck body (1) front and back end protecgulum (6) and bonnet (7) are housed, offer air inlet/outlet (7a) and measure terminal mounting hole (7b) at described bonnet (7), on described protecgulum (6), be fixed with transparent visor view window (8).
2. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: the horizontal last item of described chuck body hole (1c) is shoulder hole left large and right small, in the horizontal last item of this chuck body hole (1c) first orienting sleeve (9) is installed, the outer described horizontal last item (5) that is enclosed within of this first orienting sleeve (9)
Outward, and this first orienting sleeve (9) right-hand member is against on the step in the horizontal last item of the described chuck body hole (1c), is set with first O-ring seal (10) on the horizontal last item (5) on described first orienting sleeve (9) right side.
3. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: the vertical last item of described chuck body hole (1b) is up big and down small shoulder hole, in the vertical last item of this chuck body hole (1b) second orienting sleeve (11) is installed, this second orienting sleeve (11) is outer to be enclosed within outside the described vertical last item (4), and this second orienting sleeve (11) lower end is against on the step in the vertical last item of the described chuck body hole (1b), is set with second O-ring seal (19) on the vertical last item (4) of described second orienting sleeve (11) below.
4. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: on described holder (2), have the test specimen that runs through this holder (2) right side and described test specimen placed cavity (2a) and put into hole (2c), and this described test specimen put into hole (2c) and the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder (2b) over against.
5. carefully see shearing test device according to claim 1 or 4 described coal containing methane gas rocks, it is characterized in that: in described test specimen placed cavity (2a), be placed with location antifriction baffle plate (12), this location antifriction baffle plate (12) right side is adjacent to the inwall of described test specimen placed cavity (2a), and should the location antifriction baffle plate (12) with the horizontal last item gathering sill of described holder (2b) over against, described location antifriction baffle plate (12) is made up of baffle plate (12a) and roller (12b), on described baffle plate (12a), laterally have one group of arc roller mounting groove, described roller (12b) is stuck in this roller mounting groove, and this roller (12b) can roll in described roller mounting groove.
6. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: be fixed with vertical last item transition pressure head (13) in described vertical last item (4) lower end.
7. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 and 2 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: be provided with limited step (5a) at described horizontal last item (5) left part, on this horizontal last item (5), be set with compression spring (14), these compression spring (14) one ends are against on the described limited step (5a), and the other end is against on described first orienting sleeve (9).
8. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 7 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: be fixed with horizontal last item transition pressure head (15) at described horizontal last item (5) right-hand member, be fixed with the side direction load maintainer at this horizontal last item (5) left end, described side direction load maintainer is by miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat (16), miniature lifting jack (17) and digital display pressure transducer (18) are formed, wherein said miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat (16) is fixed on described chuck body (1) left end, in this miniature lifting jack lock chamber seat (16), miniature lifting jack (17) is installed, this miniature lifting jack (17) piston end is fixed with digital display pressure transducer (18), and this digital display pressure transducer (18) is against described horizontal last item (5) left end.
9. coal containing methane gas rock according to claim 1 is carefully seen shearing test device, it is characterized in that: be fixed with 4 register pins (18) on described holder (2) rear end face, this 4 register pins (18) rear end all is against on the described bonnet (7).
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