CN112630121B - Device and method for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of deep chamber under stress action - Google Patents
Device and method for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of deep chamber under stress action Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep chamber fractured surrounding rock permeability test device and a method under stress action, wherein the test device comprises a frame, fractured rock masses, a liquid loading device and a pressure loading device, the fractured rock masses are arranged in the frame, six surfaces of the fractured rock masses are all connected with the frame, one end of the pressure loading device is connected with the frame, the other end of the pressure loading device is sequentially connected with a pressure plate, a pressure shell and a loading plate, the loading plate is in contact with the fractured rock masses, a pressure sensor is arranged between the pressure plate and the pressure loading device, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the loading plate, pressure water pipes corresponding to the through holes are detachably connected to the pressure shell, the pressure water pipes are communicated with the liquid loading device, and liquid discharge ports are formed in the pressure shell on the side wall of the fractured rock masses. The method has the advantages that the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass is read by loading pressure and applying water pressure in different directions of the fractured rock mass, and the permeation characteristics of the fractured rock mass in each direction are analyzed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for a permeability test of fractured surrounding rocks of a deep chamber under the action of stress.
Background
At present, in various underground projects such as water conservancy and hydropower, traffic, mines, nuclear waste treatment and the like, the determination of the water permeability of rock mass is an indispensable survey content, a large number of fractures distributed in three-dimensional space exist in natural rock mass, a fracture network formed by mutual intersection of the fractures is a main circulation channel of underground water, due to the complexity of the geometrical shape of the fractures of the natural rock mass and the roughness of the surfaces of the fractures, fluid generally flows along a curved path with large permeability coefficient and small resistance to form a groove flow phenomenon, and the uneven flow of the fluid is a general phenomenon in fractured rock mass seepage, so that the research and the disclosure of the seepage mechanism of the rock mass three-dimensional fracture network have important significance for the development and the utilization of underground energy.
In the prior art, in the measuring process of the permeability coefficient, a test matrix used in a laboratory is a cylindrical rock, no external stress exists in the measuring process, and only the permeability coefficient of the test matrix in a single direction can be measured, but the stress state of a natural fractured rock body in a natural state is generally an anisotropic state, so that the prior art cannot truly simulate the permeability coefficient of the rock in the natural state, and a large experimental error exists.
Therefore, how to provide a test device capable of providing pressure to a test matrix from all directions and measuring seepage of a three-dimensional fracture network is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, pressure can be applied only in a single direction, and the three-dimensional fracture network seepage characteristics of fractured rock mass can be analyzed only in a single direction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a deep chamber fissure surrounding rock permeability test device under stress action comprises: the device comprises a frame, a fractured rock mass, a liquid loading device and a pressure loading device, wherein the fractured rock mass is of a cuboid structure, the fractured rock mass is arranged inside the frame, six surfaces of the fractured rock mass are all connected with the frame, one end of the pressure loading device is connected with the frame, the other end of the pressure loading device is sequentially connected with a pressurizing plate, a pressurizing shell and a loading plate, the loading plate is in contact with the fractured rock mass, a pressure sensor is arranged between the pressurizing plate and the pressure loading device, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the loading plate, a pressurizing water pipe corresponding to the plurality of through holes is detachably connected to the pressurizing shell, the pressurizing water pipe is communicated with the liquid loading device, and liquid discharge ports are formed in the pressurizing shell on the side wall of the fractured rock mass.
Further, the pipe is connected through a pipeline, a pressure gauge and a valve are arranged on the pipeline, and the air compressor is connected with the constant-pressure water tank and used for pressurizing liquid in the constant-pressure water tank.
Furthermore, the loading plate is made of transparent materials, and scales used for measuring the volume of the liquid in the through hole are arranged on the side wall of the loading plate.
Furthermore, two sides of the loading plate are provided with a clip-shaped sealing ring for connecting and sealing.
Furthermore, the edge of the pressurizing plate is provided with a boss which is used for being clamped with the pressurizing shell.
Further, the pressure loading device is a jack, an oil cylinder or an air cylinder.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a penetration test method of the fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under the stress action, and the test method uses the penetration test device of the fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under the stress action, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, loading a fractured rock mass on a test device;
s2, loading pressure in any one direction or multiple directions of X, Y, Z through a pressure loading device;
s3, applying water pressure on any one surface or a plurality of surfaces of the fractured rock mass through a liquid loading device;
and S4, collecting and reading the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass, and analyzing the permeation characteristic of the fractured rock mass in each direction under the stress action according to the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a device and a method for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of a deep chamber under stress, and the device and the method have the following beneficial effects: the pressure loading device and the liquid loading device are respectively and independently arranged on six sides of the fractured rock mass, so that pressure can be loaded in different directions, then water pressure is applied to different surfaces of the fractured rock mass through the liquid loading device, the amount of liquid permeating through each surface of the fractured rock mass is read, and the permeation amount and the permeation coefficient of the fractured rock mass in each direction are analyzed according to the amount of the liquid; simultaneously, this application adopts from six fixed fissured rock masses of face, can make this testing arrangement be applicable to the fissured rock mass of multiple size.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep chamber fractured surrounding rock permeability test device under stress action.
Wherein: 1 is a frame; 2 is a fractured rock mass; 3 is a liquid loading device; 31 is a constant pressure water tank; 32 is an air compressor; 4 is a pressure loading device; 5 is a pressurizing plate; 6 is a pressurized shell; 7 is a loading plate; 8 is a pressure sensor; 9 is a through hole; 10 is a pressurized water pipe; 11 is a pressure gauge; 12 is a valve; 13 is a clip-shaped sealing ring; and 14 is a measuring cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a deep chamber fractured surrounding rock permeability test device under the action of stress, which comprises: frame 1, fractured rock mass 2, liquid loading device 3 and pressure loading device 4, fractured rock mass 2 are the cuboid structure, and fractured rock mass 2 locates inside 1 frame, and six of fractured rock mass 2 all are connected with frame 1, and specific connected mode is: one end of a pressure loading device 4 is connected with a frame 1, the other end is sequentially connected with a pressure plate 5, a pressure shell 6 and a loading plate 7, the edge of the pressure plate 5 is provided with a boss for clamping with the pressure shell 6, the loading plate 7 is contacted with the fractured rock mass 2, a pressure sensor 8 is arranged between the pressure plate 5 and the pressure loading device 4, the loading plate 7 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes 9, the pressure shell 6 is detachably connected with a pressure water pipe 10 corresponding to the through holes 9, the pressure water pipe 10 is hermetically connected with the pressure shell 6, meanwhile, the pressure water pipe 10 is slidably connected in the through holes 9, the pressure water pipe 10 is communicated with a liquid loading device 3, the pressure shell 6 on the side wall of the fractured rock mass 2 is provided with a liquid discharge port, liquid permeating from the side wall of the fractured rock mass 2 is guided into an external liquid collecting device through the liquid discharge port, in the embodiment, the liquid collecting device is a measuring cylinder 14, the pressurizing case 6 is made of high-strength transparent glass material.
In the above embodiment, the liquid loading device 3 includes a constant pressure water tank 31 and an air compressor 32, the constant pressure water tank 31 is connected to the pressure water pipe 10 through a pipeline, a pressure gauge 11 capable of reading the water pressure of the pipeline and a valve 12 capable of adjusting the pressure are disposed on the pipeline, the air compressor 32 is connected to the constant pressure water tank 31, and the air compressor 32 is used for pressurizing the liquid in the constant pressure water tank 31 to make the pressure in the constant pressure water tank 31 constant.
Specifically, loading plate 7 is transparent material, loading plate 7's both sides all are provided with the shape sealing washer 13 that returns that is used for playing the connection sealing effect, and be equipped with the scale that is used for the volume of liquid in the volume of getting through-hole 9 on loading plate 7's the lateral wall, the seepage flow liquid at fissure rock mass 2 top reads through the scale on loading plate 7 lateral wall, the seepage flow liquid at fissure rock mass 2 bottom is collected in pressurization shell 6, specifically through the pressurized water pipe 10 with fissure rock mass 2 bottom with the through-hole 9 disconnection on loading plate 7, and utilize the rubber stopper to carry out the shutoff with the open end of pressurized water pipe 10, make the seepage flow liquid at fissure rock mass 2 bottom flow in the pressurization shell 6 of bottom, collect after the loading and read.
Specifically, the pressure loading device 4 is a jack, a cylinder or a cylinder, and in the present embodiment, the pressure loading device 4 is preferably a jack.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses a penetration test method of the fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under the stress action, the test method uses the penetration test device of the fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under the stress action, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, loading a fractured rock mass 2 on a test device;
s2, loading pressure in any one direction or multiple directions of X, Y, Z through a pressure loading device 4;
s3, applying water pressure on any one surface or a plurality of surfaces of the fractured rock mass 2 through the liquid loading device 3;
s4, collecting and reading the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass 2, and analyzing the permeation characteristic of the fractured rock mass 2 in each direction under the stress action according to the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass 2.
In this embodiment, by separately arranging the pressure loading device 4 and the liquid loading device 3 on six sides of the fractured rock mass 2, pressure loading can be performed by selecting different directions, specifically, pressure loading can be performed in any direction of an X-axis, a Y-axis or a Z-axis, or combined loading can be performed in two directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis, or simultaneous loading of pressure in three directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis can be selected, then, water pressure is applied to different surfaces of the fractured rock mass 2 through the liquid loading device 3, loading is performed on the fractured rock mass 2 through combination of pressure loading and hydraulic loading, and by reading the amount of liquid permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass 2, permeability characteristics of the fractured rock mass 2 in each direction under stress action are analyzed according to the amount of the liquid, wherein the permeability characteristics include permeability amount and permeability coefficient.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a deep chamber crack country rock permeability test device under stress action which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a frame, a fractured rock mass, a liquid loading device and a pressure loading device, wherein the fractured rock mass is of a cuboid structure, the fractured rock mass is arranged in the frame, six surfaces of the fractured rock mass are all connected with the frame, one end of the pressure loading device is connected with the frame, the other end of the pressure loading device is sequentially connected with a pressurizing plate, a pressurizing shell and a loading plate, the loading plate is in contact with the fractured rock mass, a pressure sensor is arranged between the pressurizing plate and the pressure loading device, a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the loading plate, a pressurizing water pipe corresponding to the through holes is detachably connected to the pressurizing shell, the pressurizing water pipe is communicated with the liquid loading device, and liquid discharge ports are formed in the pressurizing shell on the side wall of the fractured rock mass;
the liquid loading device comprises a constant-pressure water tank and an air compressor, the constant-pressure water tank is connected with the pressurizing water pipe through a pipeline, a pressure gauge and a valve are arranged on the pipeline, and the air compressor is connected with the constant-pressure water tank and used for pressurizing liquid in the constant-pressure water tank.
2. The apparatus for testing permeability of fissured surrounding rock of a deep chamber under stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein the load plate is made of transparent material, and the side wall of the load plate is provided with scales for measuring the volume of liquid in the through hole.
3. The device for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under stress of claim 1, wherein the two sides of the loading plate are provided with a clip-shaped sealing ring for connection and sealing.
4. The device for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge of the pressurizing plate is provided with a boss for clamping with the pressurizing shell.
5. The device for testing permeability of fractured surrounding rock of the deep chamber under stress of claim 1, wherein the pressure loading device is a jack, an oil cylinder or an air cylinder.
6. A penetration test method of fractured surrounding rock of a deep chamber under stress, which utilizes the penetration test device of fractured surrounding rock of a deep chamber under stress as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, loading a fractured rock mass on a test device;
s2, loading pressure in any one direction or multiple directions of X, Y, Z through a pressure loading device;
s3, applying water pressure on any one surface or a plurality of surfaces of the fractured rock mass through a liquid loading device;
and S4, collecting and reading the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass, and analyzing the permeation characteristic of the fractured rock mass in each direction under the stress action according to the liquid amount permeated by each surface of the fractured rock mass.
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| CN113932957B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-04-29 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Intelligent stress brick sensor and structural stress monitoring method and system |
| CN114002072B (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-10-20 | 南华大学 | Fracture rock hydraulic coupling test device and method for applying constant fracture water pressure |
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