CN106353197B - High-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system and method thereof - Google Patents
High-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106353197B CN106353197B CN201610700040.6A CN201610700040A CN106353197B CN 106353197 B CN106353197 B CN 106353197B CN 201610700040 A CN201610700040 A CN 201610700040A CN 106353197 B CN106353197 B CN 106353197B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/14—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object using acoustic emission techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system and method, and relates to rock mechanical test technology. The system is as follows: a rock sample is arranged in the center of the confining pressure chamber, loading cushion blocks are arranged around the rock sample, the left loading cushion block and the right loading cushion block are tightly pressed by the X-direction pressing shaft, and the front loading cushion block and the rear loading cushion block are tightly pressed by the Y-direction pressing shaft; the pore carbon dioxide metering pump and the pore water metering pump are respectively connected with a computer through a controller to realize the control of fluid; the acoustic emission sensor and the LVDT displacement sensor are respectively connected with a computer, and acoustic emission acoustic signals and displacement signals are collected. The method comprises the following steps: (1) processing a rock sample; (2) sealing the rock sample; (3) the pipeline is connected; (4) checking the air tightness of the system; (5) vacuumizing; (6) pre-stress loading; (7) pore fluid loading; (8) testing; (9) finishing equipment; and (5) sorting test data. The system can acquire the mechanical and deformation parameters of the rock under the coupling condition of high-pressure carbon dioxide and water, and research the mechanical properties, deformation mechanism and the like of the rock under the coupling condition of high-pressure carbon dioxide and water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock mechanics test technology, in particular to a high-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system and method.
Background
The large emission of greenhouse gases is one of the main factors affecting global warming. CO 2 Trapping, sequestering and utilizing technologies have become one of the key technologies for internationally reducing carbon dioxide emissions. The places such as the saline water layer at the deep part of the ground, the abandoned well field for exploiting oil and gas resources, the deep sea, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs (unconventional resources such as shale oil and gas, coal bed gas, compact oil and the like) and the like are used as main places for sealing and storing carbon dioxide. In CO 2 The geological storage project is an indispensable link for site mechanical stability analysis and evaluation. CO 2 Underground engineering such as geological sequestration (CCS), unconventional oil and gas resource development, and carbon dioxide drilling and fracturing involve interactions of rock, water and carbon dioxide. In recent years, a plurality of two-phase flow mechanical coupling analysis software are generated, but the numerical simulation result still can not meet the engineering requirement due to the lack of an experimental foundation and a constitutive model of rock mechanical properties under the action of the CO 2-containing water two-phase fluid. In order to improve the numerical analysis and calculation precision, it is necessary to simulate the stress and void fluid state of a deep reservoir, develop a consolidation drainage true triaxial mechanical test of sandstone under the action of carbon dioxide and water two-phase flow, test and analyze the mechanical properties of the rock under different fluid components and pressure, and explore a method for measuring the related parameters of the mechanical properties of the rock under the action of high-pressure multiphase flow coupling, so as to lay a foundation for the establishment of a numerical simulation mechanical constitutive model and the measurement of related mechanical parameters. Furthermore, for CO 2 Relative lack of basic experiment and theoretical research on rock mechanical property under water two-phase flow condition, CO 2 The strength criteria, damage mechanism and constitutive equation of rock under the coupling action with water are key scientific problems to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize rock mechanical test under the high-pressure fluid multiphase seepage coupling effect, fully consider the influence of the high-pressure fluid on the rock mechanical property, provide a high-pressure multiphase seepage coupling rock true triaxial test system and a method thereof, can study the strength criterion, crack propagation damage evolution mechanism, constitutive relation and the like of the rock under the high-pressure fluid coupling effect of CO2, N2, methane, water and the like, and lay a foundation for establishing an effective theoretical model and a numerical simulation method for evaluating the mechanical stability risk of large-scale CO2 geological storage.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
1. high-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system (short system)
The device comprises a confining pressure chamber, an X-direction pressure shaft, a Y-direction pressure shaft, a loading cushion block, a porous partition plate, a Pcmax ceramic plate, an O-shaped sealing ring, a rock sample, an acoustic emission sensor, a computer, a temperature-adjusting water area, a filter, a pore carbon dioxide metering pump, a pore water metering pump, a vacuum pump, a controller, a displacement bracket and an LVDT displacement sensor;
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
a rock sample is arranged in the center of the confining pressure chamber, loading cushion blocks are arranged around the rock sample, the left loading cushion block and the right loading cushion block are tightly pressed by the X-direction pressing shaft, and the front loading cushion block and the rear loading cushion block are tightly pressed by the Y-direction pressing shaft; the left loading cushion block and the front loading cushion block are provided with displacement brackets, and the right loading cushion block and the rear loading cushion block are provided with LVDT displacement sensors; the left loading cushion block and the right loading cushion block are respectively provided with a fluid channel; a Pcmax ceramic plate is arranged in the left loading cushion block and is sealed by a sealing ring; porous partition boards are embedded in the left loading cushion block and the right loading cushion block; the rear loading cushion block is provided with an acoustic emission sensor;
smearing and sealing the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample; the left loading cushion block and the right loading cushion block are connected with the filter through a gas pipeline;
the filter is respectively connected with a pore carbon dioxide metering pump and a pore water metering pump, and the pore carbon dioxide metering pump and the pore water metering pump are jointly connected with a vacuum pump to vacuumize the rock sample; the pore carbon dioxide metering pump and the pore water metering pump are respectively connected with a computer through a controller to realize fluid control;
the acoustic emission sensor and the LVDT displacement sensor are respectively connected with a computer, and acoustic emission acoustic signals and displacement signals are collected.
2. High-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test method (short method)
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) rock sample processing
The rock to be tested is processed into a cubic rock sample with flat surface, wherein the length, width and height=100 mm, 50mm or 80mm, 40mm and 40 mm;
(2) rock sample seal
Placing the rock sample in the centers of the left loading cushion block, the right loading cushion block, the front loading cushion block and the rear loading cushion block, clamping, and uniformly smearing a layer of sealant on the upper surface, the lower surface and the edges of the rock sample, so that the rock sample is completely wrapped by the sealant and the loading cushion block to form an assembly; after the sealant is air-dried, testing can be performed;
(3) pipeline connection
Placing the assembly containing the rock sample in the middle position of the confining pressure chamber, and tightly pressing the X-direction pressing shaft and the Y-direction pressing shaft on the loading cushion block; then, respectively connecting a carbon dioxide and pore water pipeline on the loading cushion block with a pore carbon dioxide metering pump and a pore water metering pump, wherein the pipeline is required to regulate the water area by the way temperature;
(4) system air tightness inspection
In the pore fluid control unit, high-pressure gas is filled into the sealed rock sample, after the pressure is constant, the valve is closed, and the pressure change is observed, if the pressure is not reduced for a long time, the air tightness is good; otherwise, repeating the sealing sample and the steps (3) and (4) until the unit has good sealing property;
(5) vacuumizing
Starting a vacuum pump, vacuumizing for 12 hours, closing a gas circuit valve and then closing the vacuum pump after the vacuumizing is completed, and keeping the internal vacuum state of the sealed rock sample;
(6) prestress loading
Starting a triaxial press loading system, and applying a preset triaxial stress to the rock sample according to a pre-test scheme;
(7) pore fluid loading
Starting a pore carbon dioxide metering pump, a pore water metering pump and a temperature-regulating water area, injecting high-pressure pore water, and maintaining a preset pressure; after consolidation balance, injecting high-pressure pore carbon dioxide, maintaining a preset pressure, and maintaining the consolidation balance time for 24 hours;
(8) test
Firstly, starting an acoustic emission monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit, and then controlling and adjusting the triaxial press and pore fluid pressure according to a preset stress path to develop three mechanical property tests of multiphase flow coupled rock;
(9) finishing equipment
After the test is finished, firstly, high-pressure gas is discharged, then stress is unloaded, the destroyed rock sample after the test is taken out, a confining pressure chamber is cleaned, and a triaxial press, an acoustic emission monitoring unit and a pore fluid control unit are closed;
test data arrangement
The test data stored in the computer are collated and analyzed.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) the accurate control of stress and displacement can be realized by utilizing a servo control true triaxial stress system;
(2) the fluid metering pump is utilized to realize accurate control and measurement of fluid pressure and rock sample saturation under complex stress state, and parameters such as transient quality and flow of fluid can be accurately measured;
(3) the loading cushion block specially designed based on the axis translation technology can apply various fluids to the rock sample, realize a multiphase fluid coupling simulation environment, and can form a matrix suction force of more than 10MPa by adopting a high-ventilation baffle plate manufactured by compact homogeneous rock;
(4) the true triaxial stress control system and the pore fluid control system are utilized to simulate the true stress and pore fluid state of the deep reservoir rock mass;
(5) the deformation of the sample can be accurately measured by using an LVDT displacement sensor on the loading cushion block;
(6) the acoustic emission sensor can receive a damage signal generated by crack development and expansion of a pore medium in the loading and unloading process, so that the multi-phase pore medium stress, damage and seepage strong coupling research is realized;
(7) the system can acquire the mechanical property and deformation mechanism research of the rock under the coupling condition of high-pressure carbon dioxide and water.
In a word, the invention can research the high-pressure multiphase coupling rock deformation fracture mechanism and the geological disaster occurrence mechanism such as fracture sliding induced earthquake and the like which are commonly faced by deep mining and deep buried geological engineering, and provides key experiment and theoretical support for engineering optimization design and safe operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present system (top view, cut away);
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a load block in the X-direction of the present system;
figure 3.1 is a front view of the left (right) load block,
figure 3.2 is a top view of the left (right) load block,
FIG. 3.3 is a left side view of the left (right) load pad;
figure 4.1 is a front view of a porous separator,
figure 4.2 is a top view of a porous separator,
fig. 4.3 is a left side view of the porous separator.
In the figure:
1-a confining pressure chamber;
pressing the shaft in the 2-X direction;
3-pressing the shaft in the Y direction;
4-a loading cushion block,
4-1-left loading cushion block, 4-2-right loading cushion block, 4-3-front loading cushion block and 4-rear loading cushion block;
5-a porous separator;
6-Pcmax ceramic plate;
7-O-shaped sealing rings;
8-rock sample;
9-an acoustic emission sensor;
10-a computer;
11-temperature-regulated waters;
12-a filter;
13-pore carbon dioxide metering pump;
14-pore water metering pump;
15-a vacuum pump;
16-a controller;
17-a displacement bracket;
18-LVDT displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
1. system and method for controlling a system
1. Overall (L)
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system comprises a confining pressure chamber 1, an X-direction pressure shaft 2, a Y-direction pressure shaft 3, a loading cushion block 4, a porous partition plate 5, a Pcmax ceramic plate 6, an O-shaped sealing ring 7, a rock sample 8, an acoustic emission sensor 9, a computer 10, a temperature-adjusting water area 11, a filter 12, a pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13, a pore water metering pump 14, a vacuum pump 15, a controller 16, a displacement bracket 17 and an LVDT displacement sensor 18;
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
a rock sample 8 is arranged in the center of the confining pressure chamber 1, a loading cushion block 4 is arranged around the rock sample 8, an X-direction pressing shaft 2 presses left and right loading cushion blocks 4-1 and 4-2, and a Y-direction pressing shaft 3 presses front and rear loading cushion blocks 4-3 and 4-4; the left and front loading cushion blocks 4-1 and 4-3 are provided with displacement brackets 17, and the right and rear loading cushion blocks 4-2 and 4-4 are provided with LVDT displacement sensors 18; the left loading cushion block 4-1 and the right loading cushion block 4-2 are respectively provided with a fluid channel; a Pcmax ceramic plate 6 is arranged in the left loading cushion block 4-1 and is sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring 7; porous partition boards 5 are embedded in the left loading cushion blocks 4-1 and the right loading cushion blocks 4-2; an acoustic emission sensor 9 is arranged on the rear loading cushion block 4-4;
smearing and sealing the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample 8; the left and right loading cushion blocks (4-1, 4-2) are connected with the filter 12 through gas pipelines;
the filter 12 is respectively connected with a pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and a pore water metering pump 14, and the pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and the pore water metering pump 14 are jointly connected with a vacuum pump 15 to vacuumize the rock sample 8; the pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and the pore water metering pump 14 are respectively connected with the computer 10 through the controller 16 to realize fluid control;
the acoustic emission sensor 9 and the LVDT displacement sensor 18 are respectively connected with the computer 10, and acoustic emission acoustic signals and displacement signals are collected.
2. Functional component
1) Enclosure pressure chamber 1
The confining pressure chamber 1 is a closed cylinder cavity with an upper cover and made of stainless steel;
the functions are as follows: the chamber is filled with high-pressure oil, can generate maximum confining pressure of 100MPa, applies uniform stress in the Z direction to the rock sample 8, and is provided with a gas and electric circuit layer penetrating channel.
2) X-direction pressing shaft 2
The X-direction pressing shaft 2 is a stainless steel cylinder;
the functions are as follows: and transmitting the X-direction pressure generated by the triaxial press, wherein the maximum loading capacity of the triaxial press in the X-direction is 500t.
3) Y-direction pressing shaft 3
The Y-direction pressing shaft 3 is a stainless steel cylinder;
the functions are as follows: and transmitting the Y-direction pressure generated by the triaxial press, wherein the maximum loading capacity of the triaxial press in the Y direction is 250t.
4) Loading pad 4
The loading cushion block 4 is a stainless steel rectangular block body and comprises left, right, front and back loading cushion blocks 4-1, 4-2, 4-3 and 4-4;
the left loading cushion block 4-1 and the right loading cushion block 4-2 are respectively provided with a fluid channel, the fluid channel of the left loading cushion block 4-1 is required to be provided with a Pcmax ceramic plate 6 as a water channel, and the fluid channel of the right loading cushion block 4-2 is used as a gas channel.
5) Porous separator 5
The porous partition 5 is a stainless steel plate with multiple holes, and the shape of the porous partition is matched with that of the loading cushion block 4;
the functions are as follows: embedded in the load pad 4, transmitting stresses and allowing fluid to pass through.
6) Pcmax ceramic plate 6
The Pcmax ceramic plate 6 is a ceramic plate (or dense homogeneous rock) with high gas barrier value and high pressure;
the porous carbon dioxide porous gas barrier has the functions of being capable of penetrating water and isolating gas, blocking high-pressure gas reaching 10MPa at maximum, and effectively regulating the component pressure of pore water, pore carbon dioxide and other gases.
7) O-shaped sealing ring 7
The O-shaped sealing ring is an O-shaped rubber ring;
the functions are as follows: and sealing the connection parts of the different parts.
8) Rock sample 8
The rock sample 8 is the subject to be tested.
9) Acoustic emission sensor 9
The acoustic emission sensor 9 is a sensor for collecting acoustic signals;
the functions are as follows: the number of acoustic emission events during rock fracture is collected.
10 A) computer 10
Computer 10 is a general purpose computer;
the functions are as follows: and controlling the flow pump and collecting data of the acoustic emission sensor and the displacement sensor.
11 Temperature-regulated water area 11)
The temperature-regulated water area 11 is a general constant-temperature water bath;
the functions are as follows: the fluid flowing into the rock sample is kept at a preset temperature, so that the constant temperature control of the fluid is realized.
12 A) a filter 12
The filter 12 is a general device capable of filtering solid particles with a certain particle size in a fluid;
the functions are as follows: and impurities in the fluid are filtered, so that the pipeline is prevented from being blocked.
13 Pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13
The pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 adopts a D series 100DX metering pump of TELETYNE ISCO company;
the functions are as follows: the pressure of the carbon dioxide is accurately controlled, parameters such as transient quality and flow of the carbon dioxide are accurately measured, the constant pressure working mode and the constant flow working mode are provided, the pressure range of the constant pressure working mode can be adjusted to 0.06895-68.95 MPa, and the pressure display resolution is 6.895kPa.
14 Pore water metering pump 14
The pore water metering pump 14 adopts a D series 100DX metering pump of TELETYNE ISCO company;
the functions are as follows: the pressure of water is accurately controlled, parameters such as transient quality and flow of water are accurately measured, the constant pressure working mode and the constant flow working mode are provided, the adjustable pressure range of the constant pressure working mode is 0.06895-68.95 MPa, and the pressure display resolution is 6.895kPa.
15 Vacuum pump 15)
The vacuum pump 15 is a general-purpose vacuum pumping device;
the functions are as follows: the gas in the rock sample can be pumped out and is in a high negative pressure state.
16 A) controller 16
The controller 16 is a controller matched with a D series 100DX metering pump of TELETYNE ISCO company, and can complete real-time control command of a computer to the metering pump and transmit information to electronic equipment of the computer in real time;
the functions are as follows: the flow parameters of the pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and the pore water metering pump 14 are fed back to the computer 10 in real time, and the command of the computer 10 is executed to control the pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and the pore water metering pump 14.
17 A) displacement bracket 17
The displacement bracket 17 is a foot rest which is made of stainless steel and is fixed on the loading cushion block 4;
the functions are as follows: the LVDT displacement sensor 18 is fixed and is capable of converting dimensional changes of the rock sample 8 into changes in distance between the displacement holders 17.
18 An LVDT displacement sensor 18.
The LVDT displacement sensor 18 is a commonly used high precision displacement sensor;
the functions are as follows: the distance between the displacement brackets 17 can be converted into an electric signal, and the electric signal is processed and restored into displacement by the computer 10, so that the dimensional deformation of the rock sample 8 can be monitored in real time.
3. The working principle of the system
The system is composed of a triaxial stress control unit, a pore fluid control unit, a deformation measuring unit and an acoustic emission measuring unit 4; the system can independently and accurately control three-axis stress, CO2 fluid pore pressure and pore water pressure, and accurately measure parameters such as transient mass and flow of CO2 and water.
1) Triaxial stress control unit
The triaxial stress control unit consists of a confining pressure chamber 1, an X-direction pressure shaft 2, a Y-direction pressure shaft 3 and a triaxial press, and provides stress support for the system to complete a mechanical characteristic sample of the rock sample 8;
the triaxial stress control unit generates huge stress by a triaxial press, applies the huge stress to the rock sample 8 through a X, Y two horizontal pressure shafts and a loading cushion block, and applies stress in the Z direction to the rock sample 8 by injecting hydraulic oil into the confining pressure chamber by the hydraulic pump; the stress in three directions can be independently loaded and servo-controlled (displacement control mode and force control mode), the maximum loading capacity of the pressure in the Y direction is 250t, the maximum loading capacity in the X direction is 500t, and the maximum loading capacity in the Z direction is 100MPa; two square rock samples 8 of length x width x height = 100mm x 50mm or 80mm x 40mm may be loaded.
2) Pore fluid control unit
The pore fluid control unit consists of a loading cushion block 4, a porous partition plate 5, a Pcmax ceramic plate 6, an O-shaped sealing ring 7, a temperature-adjusting water area 11, a filter 12, a pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13, a pore water metering pump 14, a vacuum pump 15 and a controller 16, provides a simulation environment of high-pressure multiphase fluid for the rock sample 8, and can control and meter a plurality of fluid parameters;
the pore fluid control unit is used for injecting fluids such as carbon dioxide, water and the like into the rock sample 8 through a fluid channel of the loading cushion block 4 by a pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and a pore water metering pump 14, so as to realize the simulation environment of high-pressure fluid of the rock sample 8; the pore carbon dioxide metering pump 13 and the pore water metering pump 14 are respectively a D series 100DX metering pump of TELETYNE ISCO company, and can accurately control the pressure and flow of fluid; the embedded Pcmax partition board of the left loading cushion block 4-1 is a high-gas-resistance value and high-pressure ceramic plate or compact rock (with stable breakthrough pressure), the pore pressure of CO2 and water can be effectively regulated and controlled by an axial translation suction control technology, and carbon dioxide gas with a pressure far higher than that of the pore water can be prevented from being strung into the pore water metering pump 14 to realize fluid injection with different pressure values.
3) Deformation measuring unit
The deformation measuring unit is composed of the displacement bracket 17, the LVDT displacement sensor 18 and the computer 10, and can monitor the deformation condition of the rock sample 8 in the X, Y direction in the test process;
the deformation measuring unit monitors the distance change of the displacement brackets 17 at two opposite positions by the LVDT displacement sensor 18, and indirectly monitors the dimensional change condition of the rock sample 8; the LVDT displacement sensor 18 ranges from 0mm to 5mm, has a withstand voltage of 120MPa, and can meet the working conditions of a high confining pressure environment.
4) Acoustic emission measuring unit
The acoustic emission measuring unit consisting of the acoustic emission sensor 9 and the computer 10 can monitor the number of acoustic emission events in the rock breaking process and study the relationship between the characteristic stress and the strain.
The acoustic emission measuring unit monitors the number of acoustic emission events in the rock breaking process by acoustic emission, and the relation between the characteristic stress and the strain can be obtained by analyzing the acoustic emission time number through the computer 10.
Claims (1)
1. A test method of a high-pressure multiphase flow coupling rock true triaxial test system,
the test system comprises a confining pressure chamber (1), an X-direction pressure shaft (2), a Y-direction pressure shaft (3), a loading cushion block (4), a porous partition plate (5), a Pcmax ceramic plate (6), an O-shaped sealing ring (7), a rock sample (8), an acoustic emission sensor (9), a computer (10), a temperature-adjusting water area (11), a filter (12), a pore carbon dioxide metering pump (13), a pore water metering pump (14), a vacuum pump (15), a controller (16), a displacement bracket (17) and an LVDT displacement sensor (18);
the positions and the connection relations are as follows:
a rock sample (8) is arranged in the center of the confining pressure chamber (1), loading cushion blocks (4) are arranged around the rock sample (8), the left loading cushion block (4-1) and the right loading cushion block (4-2) are tightly pressed by the X-direction pressing shaft (2), and the front loading cushion block (4-3) and the rear loading cushion block (4-4) are tightly pressed by the Y-direction pressing shaft (3); a displacement bracket (17) is arranged on the left loading cushion block (4-1) and the front loading cushion block (4-3) and an LVDT displacement sensor (18) is arranged on the right loading cushion block (4-2) and the rear loading cushion block (4-4); the left loading cushion block (4-1) and the right loading cushion block (4-2) are respectively provided with a fluid channel; a Pcmax ceramic plate (6) is arranged in the left loading cushion block (4-1) and is sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring (7); porous partition boards (5) are embedded in the left loading cushion blocks (4-1, 4-2); an acoustic emission sensor (9) is arranged on the rear loading cushion block (4-4);
smearing and sealing the upper and lower surfaces of the rock sample (8); the left loading cushion block (4-1) and the right loading cushion block (4-2) are connected with the filter (12) through gas pipelines;
the filter (12) is respectively connected with the pore carbon dioxide metering pump (13) and the pore water metering pump (14), and the pore carbon dioxide metering pump (13) and the pore water metering pump (14) are jointly connected with the vacuum pump (15) to vacuumize the rock sample (8); the pore carbon dioxide metering pump (13) and the pore water metering pump (14) are respectively connected with the computer (10) through the controller (16) to realize the control of the fluid;
the acoustic emission sensor (9) and the LVDT displacement sensor (18) are respectively connected with the computer (10) to collect acoustic emission acoustic signals and displacement signals;
the Pcmax ceramic plate (6) is a ceramic plate with high gas resistance and high pressure; the porous carbon dioxide porous membrane has the functions of water permeation and gas isolation, and can block high-pressure gas reaching 10MPa at maximum, so that the component pressures of pore water and pore carbon dioxide gas are effectively regulated;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) rock sample processing
The rock to be tested is processed into cuboid rock samples with flat surfaces, wherein the length, the width and the height are 100mm, 50mm or 80mm, 40mm and 40 mm;
(2) rock sample seal
Placing the rock sample in the centers of the left loading cushion block, the right loading cushion block, the front loading cushion block and the rear loading cushion block, clamping, and uniformly smearing a layer of sealant on the upper surface, the lower surface and the edges of the rock sample, so that the rock sample is completely wrapped by the sealant and the loading cushion block to form an assembly; after the sealant is air-dried, testing can be performed;
(3) pipeline connection
Placing the assembly containing the rock sample in the middle position of the confining pressure chamber, and tightly pressing the X-direction pressing shaft and the Y-direction pressing shaft on the loading cushion block; then, respectively connecting a carbon dioxide and pore water pipeline on the loading cushion block with a pore carbon dioxide metering pump and a pore water metering pump, wherein the pipeline is required to regulate the water area by the way temperature;
(4) system air tightness inspection
In the pore fluid control unit, high-pressure gas is filled into the sealed rock sample, after the pressure is constant, the valve is closed, and the pressure change is observed, if the pressure is not reduced for a long time, the air tightness is good; otherwise, repeating the sealing sample and the steps (3) and (4) until the unit has good sealing property;
(5) vacuumizing
Starting a vacuum pump, vacuumizing for 12 hours, closing a gas circuit valve and then closing the vacuum pump after the vacuumizing is completed, and keeping the internal vacuum state of the sealed rock sample;
(6) prestress loading
Starting a triaxial press loading system, and applying a preset triaxial stress to the rock sample according to a pre-test scheme;
(7) pore fluid loading
Starting a pore carbon dioxide metering pump, a pore water metering pump and a temperature-regulating water area, injecting high-pressure pore water, and maintaining a preset pressure; after consolidation balance, injecting high-pressure pore carbon dioxide, maintaining a preset pressure, and maintaining the consolidation balance time for 24 hours;
(8) test
Firstly, starting an acoustic emission monitoring unit and a displacement monitoring unit, and then controlling and adjusting the triaxial press and pore fluid pressure according to a preset stress path to develop three mechanical property tests of multiphase flow coupled rock;
(9) finishing equipment
After the test is finished, firstly, high-pressure gas is discharged, then stress is unloaded, the destroyed rock sample after the test is taken out, a confining pressure chamber is cleaned, and a triaxial press, an acoustic emission monitoring unit and a pore fluid control unit are closed;
test data arrangement
The test data stored in the computer are collated and analyzed.
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