CN103439189A - Rock biaxial compression micromechanics testing device under stress-water current-chemical coupling actions - Google Patents
Rock biaxial compression micromechanics testing device under stress-water current-chemical coupling actions Download PDFInfo
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- CN103439189A CN103439189A CN2013103684323A CN201310368432A CN103439189A CN 103439189 A CN103439189 A CN 103439189A CN 2013103684323 A CN2013103684323 A CN 2013103684323A CN 201310368432 A CN201310368432 A CN 201310368432A CN 103439189 A CN103439189 A CN 103439189A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rock micromechanics testing device and in particular relates to a rock biaxial compression micromechanics testing device under stress-water current-chemical coupling actions, belonging to instruments and equipment. A lateral loading shaft is additionally arranged in the testing device, so that the loading mode of uniaxial compression in the existing testing device is improved. A vertical partition plate is additionally arranged in a box body and divides the box body into two independent parts, wherein one part serves as a test chamber for testing, and the other part serves as a working chamber for lateral loading. A water inlet and a water outlet are matched with the test chamber and can control a stable water current to be formed in the test chamber. The height of the box body can be adjusted by additionally arranging horizontal adjusting bolts to ensure that the box body is always in a horizontal state. The device can achieve biaxial compression loading on rock samples and control the flow velocity of chemical solutions so as to achieve biaxial compression tests on rocks under the condition of actions of different chemical solutions, is reasonable in design, is convenient to operate and use, and is suitable for biaxial compression tests of various rocks under stress-water current-chemical coupling actions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock and carefully see test unit, be specifically related to rectangle rock mass twin shaft and carefully see compression test, particularly the rock Biaxial Compressive shrinking under a kind of stress-current-chemical coupling is seen test unit, belongs to the instrument and equipment class.
Background technology
Under stress-current-chemical coupling condition, the destruction of fissure rock research is one of problem of forefront, international rock mechanics field, be one of basic research problem of numerous rock engineerings such as nuke rubbish underground disposal, underground energy storage, carbon dioxide underground storage, geothermal exploitation, oil exploitation, the dam foundation, side slope, chamber, there is very important scientific meaning.In many influence factors of rock engineering security, water is a most active factor.After Rock And Soil is subject to the erosion action of water chemistry solution, because having weakened between mineral grain to connect or corrode the mineral grain lattice, water-rock effect makes the variation of Rock And Soil physico-mechanical properties, aqueous solution is taken away the corrosion material by the corrosion Rock And Soil simultaneously, make Rock And Soil proterties variation, engineering accident even appears, to the long-time stability generation threat of Geotechnical Engineering.In fact, there are many cracks in jointed rock mass, in many situations water chemistry solution on the corrosion failure of rock mass from rock mass initial configuration face is initial damage: the security of crack (joint) rock mass also often is subject to the coupling impact of chemistry, current, stress.At occurring in nature, in most cases, rock is in three axial compression contracting states.Under some particular cases, there will be plane stress state, i.e. the twin shaft stress.Biaxial Compression is a kind of typical stress state of occurring in nature, and border Ru Ding, base plate and the side wall of underground chamber is usually in the Biaxial Compression stress field.In the stress state that the underground works rock mass does not wait in three-dimensional usually and certain pore pressure, under the effect of Engineering Disturbance, the rock mass state is usually because the effect as added unloading becomes more complicated.
Therefore, rock fracture germinating, expansion, perforation and interactional internal injury evolutionary process and rule under research complex stress, hydrodynamic pressure and chemical coupling effect, the formation in the corrosion failure mechanism under chemical environment, new crack and the new suction-operated that forms chemical substance in crack and generation speed etc. have even more important and scientific meaning widely.
Since the essence of water-rock effect is to make the variation of Rock And Soil physico-mechanical properties by weakening between mineral grain to connect or corrode the mineral grain lattice, aqueous solution is taken away the corrosion material by the corrosion Rock And Soil simultaneously, makes Rock And Soil proterties variation.Therefore, need to adopt the fine observation mechanical test method, disclose under this stress, current, chemical coupling effect its internal injury Evolution in rock failure process.Chinese scholars is also being carried out deep research work aspect stress-current-chemical coupling, forefathers' achievement in research also has mechanism and the analytical approach research thereof that relates to rock fracture destruction under complex stress, water pressure and chemical coupling, but not comprehensive.China Patent Publication No. CN1603784A, open day on April 6th, 2005, denomination of invention is (the Rock Under Uniaxial Compression compression mesomechanics experimental provision of stress-current-chemical coupling), the technical scheme of this application case only relates to the lower stress-current of Rock Under Uniaxial Compression compression-chemical coupling problem, tests and is difficult to the failure mechanism of explaining complicated field stress and the crack rock under the solution corrosion environment being arranged.China Patent Publication No. CN1619294A, open day on May 25th, 2005, denomination of invention is (rock failure process mesomechanics loading system under stress-current-chemical coupling), this mesomechanics loading system can realize the rock failure process experiment under the single shaft condition, but solve not yet fully under complex stress, fluid effect and chemical corrosion three coupling, the mechanism of rock fracture germinating, expansion, perforation and interactional damage evolutionary process and rock burst rule studies a question.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned existing problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Biaxial Compression fine observation mechanical test device of considering rock failure process under stress-current-chemical coupling, can consider the impact of different chemical solution flow rate, different stress condition (as adding the different stress paths such as unloading) and different fluid effect in test.Can realize under the Biaxial Compression state with precrack rectangle rock sample break observation and the record of overall process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of a kind of stress-current-chemical coupling, comprise box body and symmetrical open on the box body two side coaxial circular hole and be movably placed in respectively the axial loading axle in coaxial circular hole, be arranged on water inlet and water delivering orifice on box body, be provided with vertical partition plate in described box body, vertical partition plate is parallel to two end faces of box body, have circular hole on vertical partition plate, an end face of box body is assembling type, be fixedly installed reaction plate on the fixedly end face inwall of box body, lifting jack fixedly is placed in the space of dividing plate and the formation of connection terminal face, side direction loads axle and is movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate, the axis of lifting jack, it is coaxial with the center line of reaction plate that side direction loads axle, on the two side in the fixedly end face of box body and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular hole, axially loading axle is movably placed in coaxial circular hole, be fixedly installed sample bench in this space, on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis that is centered close to the two side circular hole of sample bench and the axis of lifting jack and reaction plate, bottom at box body is arranged with horizontal adjustment bolt.
Fixedly end face and vertical partition plate that described water inlet and water delivering orifice are arranged at respectively box body form on a sidewall in space, and water delivering orifice is positioned at the water inlet top.
Owing to having adopted above technical scheme, the present invention adopts and set up side direction loading axle in test unit, improved the load mode of uniaxial compression in existing test unit, set up vertical partition plate in box body, box body has been divided into to independent two parts, a part is tested as experimental cabin, the work chamber that a part loads as side direction, water inlet and water delivering orifice and experimental cabin are supporting, can control it and form stationary flow, horizontal adjustment bolt adjustable cassette height, guarantee that box body is all the time in horizontality.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
1 device can be realized the sample Biaxial Compression is loaded, control the chemical solution flow velocity, to realize under different chemical solution effects condition the biaxial compression test to rock, can meet under different chemical solution, different in flow rate, different loading environment the rock twin shaft mesomechanics of rock failure mechanism of rock overall process impact is tested to needs, twin shaft loads the stress state of border Ru Ding, base plate and side wall that can the real simulation underground chamber, for the failure mechanism of studying these positions provides foundation;
2 device tops are open, are convenient to that test specimen is destroyed to overall process and carry out thin the sight and macroscopic view observation or video record;
3 devices are convenient to a plurality of crackles (different length, direction, arrangement mode) germinating, extension, the expansion overall process to the rectangular specimen surface in process of the test and are carried out micro-amplification and the observation of the CCD whole audience.For thin seeing, macroscopic view observation, record this variation research technique be provided, for different chemical solution, different confined pressure and different axial load provide foundation to the theoretical analysis of rock failure mechanism of rock effect.
4 devices are high-level nuclear waste disposal, geothermal exploitation, carbon dioxide geologic sequestration, shale gas exploitation, Geotechnical Engineering estimation of stabilitys etc. need to consider that different chemical solution corrosion effect and different axial load acting in conjunction, on the Geotechnical Engineering of rock failure mechanism of rock impact, provide reliable research technique.
5 test units of the present invention are reasonable in design, easy for operation, are applicable to the biaxial compression test of the stress-current of all kinds of rock samples-chemical coupling.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
The vertical view that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, structure of the present invention and principle of work are elaborated, referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2:
The fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of a kind of stress-current-chemical coupling, this test unit and China Patent Publication No. CN1619294A, open day on May 25th, 2005, denomination of invention is used in conjunction with for (rock failure process mesomechanics loading system under stress-current-chemical coupling), test unit by box body 9, vertical partition plate, sample bench 2, reaction plate 3, axially load axle 4, side direction and load axle 5, side direction lifting jack 6, WidFin nut 10 and form.Vertical partition plate is arranged in box body 9, two end faces that are parallel to box body 9, have circular hole on vertical partition plate, an end face of box body 9 is assembling type, can adopt and box body 9 main body bolt connecting modes, effect is to facilitate the installation of side direction lifting jack 6, and reaction plate 3 was fixed on the fixedly end face inwall of box body 9 before on-test, load transducer is set simultaneously on reaction plate 3, is convenient to record the data that side direction loads.Side direction lifting jack 6 fixedly is placed in the space of dividing plate and the formation of connection terminal face, side direction loads axle 5 and is movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate, it is coaxial with the center line of reaction plate 3 that the axis of side direction lifting jack 6, side direction load axle 5, and coplanar with round hole axial on two side, assurance sample twin shaft is carried in same plane and carries out.On the two side in the fixedly end face of box body 9 and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular hole, axially load axle 4 and be right cylinder, be movably placed in coaxial circular hole, diameter and circular hole are complementary, should axially load axle 4 as loading force-transmitting pole, with the servo-control system in rock failure process mesomechanics loading system under stress-current-chemical coupling, be connected, and the diameter that requires its xsect is greater than the length of rectangular parallelepiped test specimen 1 cross section diagonal, axially load axle 4, side direction loads axle 5 and 9 of box bodys seal with " O " RunddichtringO, guarantee axially to load axle 4, side direction loads axle 5 and seals fully with sidewall in stressed and power transmission process, do not cause oozing out of box body 9 interior solution.Be fixedly installed sample bench 2 in the fixedly end face of box body 9 and vertical partition plate composition space, on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of the axis that is centered close to the two side circular hole of sample bench 2 and side direction lifting jack 6 and reaction plate 3, sample bench 2 highly depends on the thickness of sample 1 in required test, guarantees that the center line of sample 1 is coplanar with the axis that axially loads axle 4, side direction loading axle 5.During test, sample 1 is positioned on sample bench 2, cushion block is positioned over sample 1 both sides, utilizes the loading equipemtn application of force, clamps cushion block sample 1 can not be moved again.Four jiaos of the bottoms of box body 9 are arranged with horizontal adjustment bolt 10, for regulating the height of whole box body 9, guarantee the loading surface of the interior sample 1 of box body 9 and axially load axle 4, side direction loading axle 5 is vertical, avoids occurring the situation of unbalance stress.
Fixedly end face and vertical partition plate that described water inlet 7 and water delivering orifice 8 are arranged at respectively box body 9 form on a sidewall in space, water delivering orifice 8 is positioned at water inlet 7 tops, in water inlet 7, water nozzle is connected with water pump by operation valve through water pipe, be placed in and claim to have in the container of chemical solution, water inlet 7 is for providing chemical solution or other liquid to box body 9, operation valve is used for controlling the amount of liquid of box body 9 or provides condition for forming stationary flow, in water delivering orifice 8, water nozzle is connected with water pipe, also is put in this container.
The applying step of the present invention in the rock fine observation mechanical test:
The rock failure process mesomechanics loading system of 1 assembling stress-current-chemical coupling.
2 setting sides, to lifting jack 6, are opened box body 9 connection terminal face screwings, and box body 9 connection terminal faces are taken off, side direction is loaded to axle 5 and be movably placed in this circular hole, and side direction lifting jack 6 is put into to box body 9, side direction is loaded to axle 5 and be connected with side direction lifting jack 6, now screw is screwed on, fixed this end face.
3 fixing reaction plates 3, be fixed in reaction plate 3 on the fixedly end face inwall of box body 9, and the fixed load sensor, on reaction plate 3, is convenient to record the data that side direction loads simultaneously.
4 place box body 9, and box body 9 is positioned in the mesomechanics loading system, axially load axle 4 and are connected with the servosystem of the rock failure process mesomechanics loading system of stress-current-chemical coupling.
5 fixing sample benchs 2, axial loading axle 4, the side direction that sample bench 2 is fixed in to box body 9 loads in the middle of axle 5, guarantees on the vertical line of intersection point of axis of the axis that is centered close to the two side circular hole of sample bench 2 and side direction lifting jack 6 and reaction plate 3.
6 place sample 1, and sample 1 is put on the sample bench 2 in box body 9, and cushion block is placed in to sample 1 relevant position, both sides on sample bench 2, by side direction lifting jack 6 application of forces, clamp sample, and then control servosystem application of force clamping sample 1.
7 inject solution, in water inlet 7, water nozzle is connected with water pump by operation valve through water pipe, be placed in and claim to have in the container of chemical solution, water pump by water inlet 7 to the chemical solution that adds the test needs in box body 9, when in water delivering orifice 8, water nozzle and water pipe are connected with the solution outflow, closed control valve (or calculate required flow rate, adjust pump capacity).
8 load, and with servosystem and 6 pairs of rock samples of side direction lifting jack, apply uniform pressure, axially load axle 4,5, axle of side direction loading passes to sample by suffered power, carries out the Biaxial Compression rock mechanics experiment under chemical corrosion.Device can be controlled the different liquids flow velocity, selects different chemical solution and consider that under different biaxial loading actings in conjunction, the destructive process of rock sample, mode also have corresponding variation.The purpose of this device exactly for thin sight, macroscopic observation, record this variation research technique be provided, for different chemical solution, different in flow rate and different bidirectional load to rock failure mechanism of rock effect.
Claims (2)
1. the fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of stress-current-chemical coupling, comprise box body (9) and the symmetry axial loading axle (4) in opening on box body (9) two side coaxial circular hole and being movably placed in respectively coaxial circular hole, be arranged on water inlet (7) and water delivering orifice (8) on box body, it is characterized in that: described box body is provided with vertical partition plate in (9), vertical partition plate is parallel to two end faces of box body (9), have circular hole on vertical partition plate, an end face of box body (9) is assembling type, be fixedly installed reaction plate (3) on the fixedly end face inwall of box body (9), lifting jack (6) fixedly is placed in the space of dividing plate and the formation of connection terminal face, side direction loads axle (5) and is movably placed in the circular hole of vertical partition plate, the axis of lifting jack (6), it is coaxial with the center line of reaction plate (3) that side direction loads axle (5), on the two side in the fixedly end face of box body (9) and vertical partition plate composition space, symmetry has coaxial circular hole, axially loading axle (4) is movably placed in coaxial circular hole, be fixedly installed sample bench (2) in this space, on the vertical line of the intersection point of the axis of the axis that is centered close to the two side circular hole of sample bench (2) and lifting jack (6) and reaction plate (3), be arranged with horizontal adjustment bolt (10) in the bottom of box body (9).
2. the fine observation mechanical test device of the rock biaxial loading of a kind of stress-current as claimed in claim 1-chemical coupling, it is characterized in that: fixedly end face and vertical partition plate that described water inlet (7) and water delivering orifice (8) are arranged at respectively box body (9) form on a sidewall in space, and water delivering orifice (8) is positioned at water inlet (7) top.
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| CN201310368432.3A CN103439189B (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2013-08-22 | A kind of rock Biaxial Compression mesoscale experiments device under stress-current-chemical Coupling |
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| CN104374895A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 河海大学 | Device and method for researching real-time development of microscopic damage of rocks through isotope tracing method |
| CN106353197A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | High-pressure multiphase-flow coupling rock true-triaxial test system and method |
| CN106644689A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-05-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Adjustable lateral pressure loading device and test method used for rock biaxial test |
| CN107179241A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of subcritical crack extension visual experimental apparatus of rock |
| CN107727506A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of Single Fracture rock mass chemical stress coupling test device and test method |
| CN105910919B (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-11-13 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | A kind of high temperature axial compression test device and test method |
| CN108896394A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-27 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Material Biaxial Compression loading device |
| CN109813602A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of rock type materials plane strain Biaxial stress destruction macro experimental rig carefully seen of overall process |
| CN109855969A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-07 | 中原工学院 | A kind of rock biaxial compression test device considering temperature |
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| CN113092723A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Mud rock expansion test device |
| CN113310825A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Carbonate rock corrosion-punching shear interaction test system and test method |
| CN113588440A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-02 | 华北科技学院 | Real-time observation test platform for rock microscopic structure under multi-field coupling |
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| CN104374895B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-11-18 | 河海大学 | The device and method that isotope tracing study of rocks microscopic damage develops in real time |
| CN104374895A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 河海大学 | Device and method for researching real-time development of microscopic damage of rocks through isotope tracing method |
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| CN107179241B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-06-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of subcritical crack extension visual experimental apparatus of rock |
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| CN107727506A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-02-23 | 河海大学 | A kind of Single Fracture rock mass chemical stress coupling test device and test method |
| CN107727506B (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2020-01-14 | 河海大学 | Single-crack rock mass chemical-stress coupling test device and test method |
| CN108896394A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-27 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Material Biaxial Compression loading device |
| CN108896394B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2023-12-29 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Material biax compression loading device |
| CN109813602A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A kind of rock type materials plane strain Biaxial stress destruction macro experimental rig carefully seen of overall process |
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| CN111751258A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sample placing device for observing pore deformation and experimental method |
| CN113092723A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Mud rock expansion test device |
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| CN113588440A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-02 | 华北科技学院 | Real-time observation test platform for rock microscopic structure under multi-field coupling |
| CN115541388A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2022-12-30 | 浙江大学杭州国际科创中心 | Biaxial compression creep testing system and testing method under marine environment |
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