CN108442879B - Split drill bit with axial impact function - Google Patents

Split drill bit with axial impact function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108442879B
CN108442879B CN201810497212.3A CN201810497212A CN108442879B CN 108442879 B CN108442879 B CN 108442879B CN 201810497212 A CN201810497212 A CN 201810497212A CN 108442879 B CN108442879 B CN 108442879B
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China
Prior art keywords
impact
cone
drill bit
bit
impact generator
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Active
Application number
CN201810497212.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108442879A (en
Inventor
田家林
何虹志
杨琳
熊洁
周仪
周思奇
黎根银
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Nantong Xieming Technology Co ltd
Sichuan Huming Technology Co ltd
Southwest Petroleum University
Original Assignee
Nantong Xieming Technology Co ltd
Sichuan Huming Technology Co ltd
Southwest Petroleum University
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Application filed by Nantong Xieming Technology Co ltd, Sichuan Huming Technology Co ltd, Southwest Petroleum University filed Critical Nantong Xieming Technology Co ltd
Priority to CN201810497212.3A priority Critical patent/CN108442879B/en
Publication of CN108442879A publication Critical patent/CN108442879A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108442879B publication Critical patent/CN108442879B/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/08Roller bits
    • E21B10/16Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/08Roller bits
    • E21B10/22Roller bits characterised by bearing, lubrication or sealing details
    • E21B10/24Roller bits characterised by bearing, lubrication or sealing details characterised by lubricating details

Abstract

The invention relates to a split drill bit with an axial impact function, which mainly comprises a drill bit body, a drill bit body joint, a cone upper body, a cone lower body and an impact generator. The bit body is connected with the cone lower body through a bit leg shaft neck which is biased, the cone upper body is arranged on the upper end shaft neck of the cone lower body, the impact generator is arranged in the bit body, and the bit body is connected with the bit body joint through threads; when the rotary cutter is operated, the cone lower body revolves along with the bit body and rotates around the bit leg shaft neck of the bit body, the cone upper body revolves along with the bit body and rotates around the upper end shaft neck of the cone lower body, the bit breaks rock in a rotary cutting mode, and meanwhile, the rotary motion of the cone lower body provides driving force for the impact generator, and the impact generator generates periodical micro-amplitude axial impact, so that the drilling time efficiency is improved; the cone adopts split type structure, and the tooth scraping efficiency of the small end gear ring and the middle gear ring is improved, which is helpful for improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Description

Split drill bit with axial impact function
Technical Field
The invention relates to a split drill bit with an axial impact function, which is used in the fields of petroleum drilling, mining, geological drilling and the like.
Background
With the continuous exploitation of petroleum and natural gas resources, problems faced in the drilling process are increasing, in the drilling process, the formation hardness and the drilling difficulty increase exponentially with the increase of well depth, and the improvement of the drilling speed of a hard formation is one of the world-recognized problems. At present, most of the producible oil and gas resources in China are buried in deep stratum, well drilling is gradually developed to deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the oil fields basically enter the later development stage of high water content and high extraction degree, the stable production pressure is larger and larger, the oil fields are required to be continuously and stably developed, the exploration and development of deep hard stratum is the key of the oil fields in future increased production, but the well drilling depth is continuously increased, the hardness and strength of the rock are obviously increased under the action of the bottom confining pressure, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is low. When the drill bit drills deep well formations, the drilling speed is low, the cost of drilling is high, and the key to improving the drilling speed is how to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. According to the field experimental practice research data, the periodic impact load is applied to the drill bit while rotary drilling, so that the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved, and the drilling speed is improved.
In petroleum drilling, the drill bit is the primary tool for breaking rock, and during drilling, the drill bit is often assisted by the additional vibratory impact provided by the use of the drill tool in conjunction therewith. Various axial vibration impact drilling tools are developed by various research institutions at home and abroad to provide axial impact for a drill bit, so that the drilling speed of a medium deep well and a hard stratum and the drilling timeliness of the hard slipping stratum are improved. In the drill bit used in the current production, the drill bit cannot generate axial vibration, and in order to improve the stress condition of the drill bit and rock, the drill bit cannot be provided with additional axial impact only by the axial vibration impact drilling tool, if the axial vibration impact drilling tool fails, and the drilling efficiency is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the split drill bit with the axial impact function, which is beneficial to accelerating and enhancing the efficiency and improving the rock breaking efficiency and aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the split drill with the axial impact function mainly comprises a drill body, a drill body joint, a cone upper body, a cone lower body and an impact generator; the method is characterized in that: the drill bit body is provided with an oil guide hole c, an oil injection hole, a mud channel a, a mud channel b and a threaded hole, teeth are embedded at the top of the drill bit body, diameter-keeping teeth and PDC teeth are embedded in the middle of the drill bit body, and a nozzle a and a nozzle b are respectively arranged at outlets of the mud channel a and the mud channel b; the upper body of the cone is provided with a plug pin hole b, and teeth are embedded in the upper body of the cone; the cone lower body is provided with a plug pin hole a, an oil guide hole a and an oil guide hole b, and teeth are embedded in the cone lower body; the impact generator comprises a rotating shaft, an impact hammer, a spring, an upper shell of the impact generator, a pin, a self-aligning ball bearing, a lower shell of the impact generator, a bevel gear b, a steel ball c, a plug, a top sleeve and a steel ball d, wherein a slideway is arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft, an opening is arranged in the middle section of the impact hammer, a counter bore and an annular groove are arranged at the large end of the upper shell of the impact generator, the top sleeve is provided with the opening, the pin is arranged in the opening in the middle section of the impact hammer when the impact generator is installed, the rotating shaft is arranged in the lower end of the impact hammer, the spring and the impact hammer are sequentially arranged in the upper shell of the impact generator, the impact hammer is connected with the upper shell of the impact generator by a molded surface, the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer is realized, the self-aligning ball bearing and the lower shell of the impact generator are sequentially arranged in the lower end of the rotating shaft, the upper shell of the impact generator is connected with the lower shell of the impact generator by threads, the steel ball d and the bevel gear b are sequentially arranged in the top sleeve, the steel ball c is arranged in the opening of the top sleeve, the plug is used for plugging the opening of the top sleeve, and the bevel gear b is finally connected with the rotating shaft by threads; when the split type drill bit with the axial impact function is assembled, an O-shaped sealing ring is firstly arranged in an annular groove of an upper shell of an impact generator, the impact generator is arranged in a drill bit body, the upper shell of the impact generator is connected with the drill bit body by a molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator, the upper shell of the impact generator is fixed with the drill bit body by a screw so as to realize the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator, a drill bit body joint is connected with the drill bit body by threads, then a bevel gear a and a cutting sleeve are sequentially arranged in a lower end journal of a cone lower body, the bevel gear a is connected with the lower end journal of the cone lower body by the molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the bevel gear a, the cutting sleeve is fixed with the lower end journal of the cone lower body so as to realize the axial positioning of the bevel gear a, then a rectangular sealing ring b is arranged in the bottom end inner ring of the lower body, a steel ball b is arranged in a plug pin hole a, finally the rectangular sealing ring a is arranged in the bottom end inner ring of the upper body, the cone upper body is sleeved in the cone lower body, and a steel ball b is arranged in the plug pin hole b; after the assembly is completed, lubricating oil is added through the oil filling hole, and the oil filling hole is sealed by a plug.
According to the scheme, the plug pin a, the plug pin hole a, the plug pin b and the plug pin hole b are in interference fit, and the oil guide hole a, the oil guide hole b and the oil guide hole c form an oil guide channel with a bit leg shaft neck channel of a bit body and an upper end shaft neck channel of a cone lower body, so that a good lubricating environment is formed.
The teeth in the scheme are hard alloy teeth; the bit leg shaft neck of the bit body and the shaft neck of the upper end of the cone lower body are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the bit has high strength and good impact resistance toughness; the slideway arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft is subjected to strengthening treatment, and the wear resistance is good.
In the scheme, the rectangular sealing ring a and the rectangular sealing ring b are both metal sealing rings, and the surface of the sealing rings is subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the wear resistance is good.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: (1) The cone of the split type drill bit with the axial impact function adopts a split type structure, in the drilling process, the cone lower body rotates around the bit leg shaft neck of the drill bit body, the cone upper body rotates around the upper end shaft neck of the cone lower body, the tooth scraping efficiency of the small end gear ring and the middle gear ring of the cone body is improved, and the speed and efficiency are improved; (2) The rotation movement of the cone lower body is utilized to provide driving force for the impact generator, and the impact generator can generate periodical micro axial impact, thereby being beneficial to improving the drilling time efficiency; (3) The drill bit breaks the rock in a rotary cutting mode, and the rock breaking action of the cutting teeth has the comprehensive effects of impact and cutting, so that the rock breaking efficiency of the core part of the drill bit is improved; (4) The bit leg shaft neck of the bit body and the shaft neck of the upper end of the cone lower body are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the bit is high in strength and good in impact resistance and toughness, and the oil guide channel can provide a good lubricating environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a B-B cross-sectional view of fig. 3 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the cone lower body of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the cone upper body of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an oil guide channel in the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the bit body according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing distribution of the slurry channel a, the slurry channel b and the oil filling holes in the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a side view of a bit body of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the E-E of fig. 12 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of F-F of fig. 12 in accordance with the present invention.
The cutter head is characterized by comprising a nozzle a,2, a gage tooth, 3, a bit body joint, 4, a bit body, 5, a nozzle b,6, a PDC tooth, 7, a cone upper body, 8, a tooth, 9, a cone lower body, 10, a plug pin a,11, a plug pin b,12, a steel ball a,13, a rectangular seal a,14, a steel ball b,15, a rectangular seal b,16, a rotary shaft, 17, a hammer, 18, a spring, 19, a housing for a hammer, 20, a O-ring, 21, a screw, 22, a pin, 23, a self-aligning ball bearing, 24, a lower housing for a hammer, 25, a ferrule, 26, a bevel gear a,27, a bevel gear b,28, a steel ball c,29, a plug, 30, a top sleeve, 31, a steel ball d,32, a pin hole a,33, a cone lower body bottom inner ring, 34, an oil hole a 35, an oil hole b,36, a cone upper body bottom inner ring, 37, a pin hole b,38, an oil hole, a guide c,39, 40, a mud channel a 41, a screw hole b,42.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the drawings, a split drill bit with axial percussive function is characterized in that: the split drill with the axial impact function mainly comprises a drill body 4, a drill body joint 3, a cone upper body 7, a cone lower body 9 and an impact generator; the method is characterized in that: the drill bit body 4 is provided with an oil guide hole c38, an oil injection hole 39, a mud channel a40, a mud channel b41 and a threaded hole 42, the top of the drill bit body 4 is embedded with teeth 8, the middle of the drill bit body 4 is embedded with gauge protection teeth 2 and PDC teeth 6, and a nozzle a1 and a nozzle b5 are respectively arranged at the outlets of the mud channel a40 and the mud channel b 41; the cone upper body 7 is provided with a plug pin hole b37, and teeth 8 are embedded in the cone upper body 7; the cone lower body 9 is provided with a plug pin hole a32, an oil guide hole a34 and an oil guide hole b35, and the cone lower body 9 is embedded with teeth 8; the impact generator comprises a rotating shaft 16, an impact hammer 17, a spring 18, an upper impact generator shell 19, a pin 22, a aligning ball bearing 23, a lower impact generator shell 24, a bevel gear b27, a steel ball c28, a plug 29, a top sleeve 30 and a steel ball d31, wherein a slideway is arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft 16, an opening is arranged in the middle section of the impact hammer 17, a counter bore and an annular groove are arranged at the large end of the upper impact generator shell 19, the top sleeve 30 is provided with an opening, when the impact generator is installed, the pin 22 is installed into the opening in the middle section of the impact hammer 17, the rotating shaft 16 is installed from the lower end of the impact hammer 17, the spring 18 and the impact hammer 17 are sequentially installed into the upper impact generator shell 19, the impact hammer 17 and the upper impact generator shell 19 are connected by a molded surface, the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer 17 is realized, the aligning ball bearing 23 and the lower impact generator shell 24 are sequentially installed from the lower end of the rotating shaft 16, the impact generator shell 19 and the lower impact generator shell 24 are connected with the impact generator shell 24 through threads, the steel ball d31 and the bevel gear b27 are sequentially installed into the top sleeve 30, the steel ball c28 is installed into the opening of the top sleeve 30 through the top sleeve 30, and the top sleeve 30 is finally connected with the bevel gear through the plug 27 through the thread; when the split type drill bit with the axial impact function is assembled, firstly, an O-shaped sealing ring 20 is arranged in an annular groove of an upper shell 19 of an impact generator, the impact generator is arranged in a drill bit body 4, the upper shell 19 of the impact generator is connected with the drill bit body 4 by a molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator, the upper shell 19 of the impact generator is fixed with the drill bit body 4 by a screw 21 so as to realize the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator, a drill bit body joint 3 is connected with the drill bit body 4 by threads, then a bevel gear a26 and a clamping sleeve 25 are sequentially arranged in a lower end journal of a cone lower body 9, the bevel gear a26 is connected with the lower end journal of the cone lower body 9 by a molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the bevel gear a26, the clamping sleeve 25 is fixed with the lower end journal of the cone lower body 9 so as to realize the axial positioning of the bevel gear a26, then a rectangular sealing ring b15 is arranged at the bottom end 33 of the cone lower body, the cone lower body 9 is sleeved in a cone palm journal of the drill bit body 4, a steel ball b14 is arranged in a plug pin hole a32, a plug pin a10 is arranged in the plug pin hole a32, finally, a rectangular upper body bottom end 13 is arranged at the bottom end 36 is arranged in the cone journal 7, and a pin b is arranged in the plug hole 37; after the assembly is completed, the lubricating oil is added through the oil filler hole 39, and the oil filler hole 39 is closed with a plug.
In the scheme, the plug pin a10, the plug pin hole a32, the plug pin b11 and the plug pin hole b37 are in interference fit, and the oil guide hole a34, the oil guide hole b35 and the oil guide hole c38 form an oil guide channel with a bit leg journal channel of the bit body 4 and an upper end journal channel of the cone lower body 9, so that a good lubricating environment is formed.
The teeth 8 in the scheme are hard alloy teeth; the bit leg journal of the bit body 4 and the upper end journal of the cone lower body 9 are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the bit has high strength and good impact resistance toughness; the slideway arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft 16 is subjected to strengthening treatment, and the wear resistance is good.
The rectangular sealing ring a13 and the rectangular sealing ring b15 in the scheme are both metal sealing rings, and the surfaces of the sealing rings are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the wear resistance is good.
The bit body 4 of the split type bit with the axial impact function is connected with the cone lower body 9 through the offset bit leg shaft neck, the cone upper body 7 is arranged on the upper end shaft neck of the cone lower body 9, the impact generator is arranged in the bit body 4, and the bit body 4 is connected with the bit body joint 3 through threads; when the rotary cutter is operated, the cone lower body 9 revolves along with the bit body and rotates around the bit leg shaft neck of the bit body 4, the cone upper body 7 revolves along with the bit body and rotates around the upper end shaft neck of the cone lower body 9, the rotary cutter breaks rock in a rotary cutting mode, meanwhile, the rotary motion of the cone lower body 9 provides driving force for the impact generator to drive the rotary shaft 16 to rotate, the pin 22 is driven to periodically move in a slideway arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotary shaft 16, the rotary motion of the rotary shaft 16 is converted into periodic axial movement of the impact hammer 17, and the spring 18 is compressed and deformed to store energy to drive the impact hammer 17 to impact the lower shell 24 of the impact generator to generate periodic micro-amplitude axial impact, so that the drilling time efficiency is improved; the cone adopts split type structure, and the tooth scraping efficiency of the small end gear ring and the middle gear ring is improved, which is helpful for improving the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.

Claims (2)

1. Split type drill bit with axial impact function, split type drill bit with axial impact function includes bit body (4), bit body joint (3), cone upper body (7), cone lower body (9), impact generator, characterized by: the drill bit body (4) is provided with an oil guide hole c (38), an oil injection hole (39), a mud channel a (40), a mud channel b (41) and a threaded hole (42), the top of the drill bit body (4) is embedded with teeth (8), the middle of the drill bit body (4) is embedded with gauge protection teeth (2) and PDC teeth (6), and a nozzle a (1) and a nozzle b (5) are respectively arranged at the outlets of the mud channel a (40) and the mud channel b (41); the cone upper body (7) is provided with a plug pin hole b (37), and the cone upper body (7) is inlaid with teeth (8); the cone lower body (9) is provided with a plug pin hole a (32), an oil guide hole a (34) and an oil guide hole b (35), and teeth (8) are embedded in the cone lower body (9); the impact generator comprises a rotating shaft (16), an impact hammer (17), a spring (18), an upper impact generator shell (19), a pin (22), a aligning ball bearing (23), a lower impact generator shell (24), a bevel gear b (27), a steel ball c (28), a plug (29), a top sleeve (30) and a steel ball d (31), wherein a slideway is arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft (16), an opening is arranged in the middle section of the impact hammer (17), a counter bore and an annular groove are arranged at the large end of the upper impact generator shell (19), an opening is arranged in the top sleeve (30), when the impact generator is installed, the pin (22) is installed into the opening in the middle section of the impact hammer (17), the rotating shaft (16) is installed from the lower end of the impact hammer (17), the spring (18) and the impact hammer (17) are sequentially installed into the upper impact generator shell (19), the impact hammer (17) and the impact generator shell (17) are sequentially connected with the impact generator shell (19) through a molded surface, the circumferential positioning of the impact hammer (17), the aligning ball bearing (23) and the lower impact generator shell (24) are sequentially installed from the lower end of the rotating shaft (16), the upper impact generator shell (19) is sequentially installed into the upper impact generator shell (17) through the bevel gear b (27), the steel ball c (28) is arranged in the opening of the top sleeve (30), the opening of the top sleeve (30) is plugged by a plug (29), and finally, the bevel gear b (27) is connected with the rotating shaft (16) through threads; when the split drill bit with the axial impact function is assembled, firstly, an O-shaped sealing ring (20) is arranged in an annular groove of an upper shell (19) of an impact generator, the impact generator is arranged in a drill bit body (4), the upper shell (19) of the impact generator is connected with the drill bit body (4) by a molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the impact generator, the upper shell (19) of the impact generator is fixed with the drill bit body (4) by a screw (21) so as to realize the circumferential and axial positioning of the impact generator, a drill bit body joint (3) is connected with the drill bit body (4) by threads, then a bevel gear a (26) and a cutting sleeve (25) are sequentially arranged in a lower end journal of a cone lower body (9), the bevel gear a (26) is connected with the lower end journal of the cone lower body (9) by a molded surface so as to realize the circumferential positioning of the bevel gear a (26), then a rectangular sealing ring b (15) is arranged at the bottom end of an inner ring (4) of the cone lower body, a bit shaft neck (9) is sleeved into a rectangular pin hole (33), a ball bearing plug (32 a) is arranged in a pin hole (32 a) of the cone plug (13), sleeving the upper cone body (7) into the upper end journal of the lower cone body (9), putting the steel ball a (12) into the plug pin hole b (37), and installing the plug pin b (11) in the plug pin hole b (37); after the assembly is completed, adding lubricating oil through the oil filling hole (39), and sealing the oil filling hole (39) by using a plug; the plug pin a (10) is in interference fit with the plug pin hole a (32), the plug pin b (11) is in interference fit with the plug pin hole b (37), and the oil guide hole a (34), the oil guide hole b (35), the oil guide hole c (38) and the bit leg journal channel of the bit body (4) and the upper end journal channel of the cone lower body (9) form an oil guide channel, so that a good lubricating environment is formed; the teeth (8) are hard alloy teeth; the bit leg shaft neck of the bit body (4) and the shaft neck of the upper end of the cone lower body (9) are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the bit has high strength and good impact resistance and toughness; the slideway arranged on the surface of the upper section of the rotating shaft (16) is subjected to strengthening treatment, and the wear resistance is good.
2. The split drill with axial percussive function of claim 1, wherein: the rectangular sealing rings a (13) and b (15) are metal sealing rings, and the surfaces of the sealing rings are subjected to strengthening treatment, so that the wear resistance is good.
CN201810497212.3A 2018-05-22 2018-05-22 Split drill bit with axial impact function Active CN108442879B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111021962B (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-10-19 源石机械科技承德有限公司 Roller cone drill bit and method of construction

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