CN109611028B - Hydraulic oscillator based on roller and impeller - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oscillator with drag reduction and acceleration for oil drilling and other fields. The technical scheme is as follows: the upper joint, the outer casing and the lower joint are connected by screw threads in sequence, the throttle valve plate and the upper joint are connected by screw threads, the throttle valve plate and the cylindrical pin are connected by a locking screw, and the cylindrical pin is located in the impeller. and the throttle plate; the impeller shaft, the impeller and the impeller shell are welded together, and a string bearing is installed between the impeller shell and the outer shell. The upper and lower ends of the string bearing are positioned through the inner and outer sleeves. The upper ends are in contact; the rollers are fixed on the support cylinder through threaded connection, the support cylinder and the outer casing are connected by a flat key to realize circumferential positioning, and the lower end of the support cylinder is close to the lower joint to achieve axial positioning. The hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers of the present invention has no internal rubber structure design, and has a simple structure, which can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between the bottom drilling tool and the well wall in horizontal wells and large-reach wells, enhance the WOB transmission capacity, and improve drilling efficiency. At the same time, it can avoid downhole accidents such as sticking and sticking.

Description

Hydraulic oscillator based on roller and impeller

technical field

The invention belongs to a novel downhole tool in the field of oil and natural gas drilling engineering, in particular to a novel hydraulic oscillator with the function of reducing drag and increasing speed.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous development of my country's industry, the demand and exploitation of oil and natural gas are also increasing. However, in order to alleviate the shortage of petroleum resources in my country, people have begun to develop oil in areas with severe environmental conditions such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells. The exploitation of new oil and gas wells makes drilling engineering more complicated. In order to meet the needs of new drilling conditions or new oil and gas resources (such as coalbed methane, shale gas, offshore oil and gas, etc.), corresponding new drilling methods and tools are also constantly being developed. In horizontal wells and extended-reach wells, as the penetration depth increases, the friction between the drill string and the wellbore gradually increases, resulting in a loss of WOB, which is not conducive to the improvement of ROP, and also seriously affects the target diameter of drilling. And wellbore quality, which is also an important factor restricting the development of horizontal well and extended-reach well technology. Among the solutions to these problems, mechanically working downhole tools utilize drilling fluids to achieve energy conversion to generate certain expected vibrations, which have developed rapidly in recent years. Introducing a hydraulic oscillator to the drill string downhole can make the drill string generate periodic vibration of a certain frequency and amplitude, so that the static friction during the feeding process becomes dynamic friction, and the friction resistance and It has obvious advantages in increasing the ROP, increasing the horizontal footage and shortening the drilling cycle. The stratum working environment faced by the drilling project is complex, and the drilling depth is continuously increasing, which leads to the low rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. When the drill bit is drilling deep well formations, the drilling speed is generally slow and the drilling cost is high. The key to improving the drilling speed lies in How to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit. At the same time, the high pump pressure in the field limits the displacement of the drilling, affecting the ROP and wellbore cleaning; and multiple MWD failures, premature passivation of PDC bits and unstable performance in oil-based mud and high temperature may occur. and high failure rates.

In order to solve the existing problems, a new type of hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers is designed. The drilling fluid is used to realize energy conversion and generate axial vibration. The purpose is to increase the effective WOB of the drill bit, increase the ROP, reduce the MWD failure, and extend the drill string such as well displacement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is: in order to overcome the problem that the existing horizontal wells and extended-reach wells have large drilling friction, the wellhead WOB cannot be effectively transmitted to the drill bit, the rock-carrying ability of the drilling fluid is not high and the use effect of the existing axial vibration tools Not ideal problem, design a new type of pulse oscillator.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: a hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers, which consists of an upper joint, a throttle plate, a cylindrical pin, a locking screw, an impeller shaft, an impeller, an impeller shell, a string bearing, It consists of an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, an outer casing, a roller, a support cylinder, a flat key, and a lower joint. The hole is connected with the upper joint by locking screws; the cylindrical pin is connected with the throttle plate and the upper joint by locking screws, and the cylindrical pin limits the impeller; the impeller shaft and the impeller are connected to the impeller shell by welding; The upper and lower surfaces of the impeller shell are inclined surfaces, and the impeller shell rotates along the rollers while rotating to realize axial movement; a series bearing is installed between the impeller casing and the outer casing, which can reduce the friction force when the impeller casing moves; the series bearing The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are used for fixing, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are clamped between the series bearing and the outer casing to achieve positioning; the impeller shaft is a stepped shaft, the front end is welded with a conical head, and the lower end is welded to the impeller casing. Connected, through the axial movement, the change of the drilling fluid flow area will be realized, and the axial vibration will be generated; the left end of the support cylinder is high, the right end is low, and there is a gap between it and the impeller casing. The outer shell is connected to realize circumferential positioning, and the lower end is close to the lower joint to realize axial positioning; the upper end of the roller and the impeller shell are in contact with each other, and are fixed on the support cylinder through threaded connection to realize positioning. The new type of hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers of the present invention has no internal rubber structure design, and the structure is simple, and can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between the bottom drilling tool and the well wall in horizontal wells and large-reach wells, and enhance the WOB transmission capacity. While improving drilling efficiency, it can avoid downhole accidents such as sticking.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the axial pulse can be generated only with a small riser pressure; (2) the high-frequency vibration effectively overcomes the frictional resistance of the lower drilling tool and realizes the wellhead The effective transmission of WOB increases the ROP, and at the same time, due to the vibration of the tool itself, the drilling tool is prevented from sticking to the downhole wall for a long time, thereby avoiding the occurrence of downhole accidents such as sticking. (3) There is no powertrain similar to a motor, and it is replaced by an impeller, which can generate a positive pulse pressure drop, which can reduce the pump pressure while increasing the drilling speed, reduce the consumption of the pump, and delay the passivation of the PDC bit; (4) The new hydraulic oscillator based on roller and impeller can provide a periodic axial impact force with adjustable frequency; (5) it has almost no effect on MWD.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the roller and impeller-based hydraulic oscillator according to the present invention.

In the picture: 1-upper joint, 2-throttle valve plate, 3-cylindrical pin, 4-locking screw, 5-impeller shaft, 6-impeller, 7-impeller shell, 8-string bearing, 9-inner sleeve , 10-outer sleeve, 11-outer body, 12-roller, 13-support cylinder, 14-flat key, 15-lower joint.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the flat key impeller according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spline impeller according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the throttle plate according to the present invention.

In the picture: 2-throttle valve plate, 4-locking screw.

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the impeller housing according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: as shown in accompanying drawing 1, the described hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers consists of an upper joint 1, a throttle plate 2, a cylindrical pin 3, a locking screw 4, a blade Wheel shaft 5, impeller 6, impeller casing 7, string bearing 8, inner sleeve 9, outer sleeve 10, outer casing 11, roller 12, support cylinder 13, flat key 14, lower joint 15, which is characterized by the upper joint 1. The outer casing 11 and the lower joint 15 are connected by screw threads in sequence; a through hole is provided in the middle of the throttle plate 2, and is connected with the upper joint 1 by a locking screw 4; the cylindrical pin 3 is connected with the throttle plate 2, The upper joints 1 are connected by locking screws 4, and the cylindrical pin 3 limits the impeller 6; the impeller shaft 5 and the impeller 6 are connected to the impeller casing 7 by welding; the upper and lower surfaces of the impeller casing 7 are inclined planes, and the impeller casing 7 is in While rotating, it rotates along the roller 12 to realize axial movement; a series bearing 8 is installed between the impeller casing 7 and the outer casing 11, and a clearance fit is adopted between the series bearing 8 and the impeller casing 7, which can reduce the movement of the impeller casing 7. The series bearing 8 is fixed by the inner sleeve 9 and the outer sleeve 10, and the inner sleeve 9 and the outer sleeve 10 are clamped between the series bearing 8 and the outer casing 11 to achieve positioning; the impeller shaft 5 is a stepped shaft The front end is welded with a conical head, and the lower end is connected to the impeller shell 7 by welding. Through axial movement, the change of the drilling fluid flow area is realized, and axial vibration is generated; the left end of the support cylinder 13 is high and the right end is low. There is a gap between them, and the left end is provided with a keyway and a threaded hole, which is connected with the outer casing 11 through the flat key 14 to achieve circumferential positioning, and the lower end is close to the lower joint 15 to achieve axial positioning; the upper end of the roller 12 is in contact with the impeller casing 7 , which is fixed on the support cylinder 13 through screw connection to achieve positioning.

During the working process, the lower part of the hydraulic oscillator based on the roller and the impeller is used in conjunction with the screw power drilling tool. By generating axial vibration, it acts on the lower drilling tool or the coiled tubing tool string, which significantly reduces friction and improves the WOB transmitted to the drill bit. , realize the drilling and grinding operation of long horizontal section. The drilling fluid flowing from the drill pipe directly flows into the hydraulic oscillator from the upper joint 1, and the drilling fluid flowing from the upper joint 1 directly impacts the impeller 6, causing the impeller 6 to rotate and generate a certain axial force. After the drilling fluid impacts the impeller 6, the impeller 6 drives the impeller shaft 5 and the impeller casing 7 to rotate together. The left end of the support cylinder 13 is high, the right end is low, and the left end is provided with a keyway and a threaded hole to realize circumferential positioning. 15 close to each other to achieve axial positioning. The impeller shaft 5, the impeller 6 and the impeller casing 7 rotate under the impact of the drilling fluid to generate hydraulic pulses. The impeller casing 7 rotates along the roller 12 while rotating, and moves forward along the wellbore of the drilling tool to realize axial movement. At the same time, the axial movement of the impeller shaft 5 changes the flow area of the drilling fluid between the impeller shaft 5 and the throttle plate 2, and the change of the flow area will produce changes in hydraulic pulses, resulting in axial vibration. The axial vibration generated can significantly reduce the resistance common in the construction of the horizontal section, causing periodic fluctuations in the internal pressure of the tool, so that the hydraulic oscillator based on the roller and the impeller will generate a periodic vibration, and the rock-carrying ability of the drilling fluid will be improved. Significantly increases ROP. The internal rubber-free structure design of the hydraulic oscillator based on rollers and impellers greatly enhances the stability of the downhole tool in high temperature, oil-based mud and polluted liquid phase environments.

Claims (2)

1. The hydraulic oscillator based on roller and impeller consists of upper joint, throttle plate, locking screw, cylindrical pin, impeller, impeller shaft, impeller shell, roller, support cylinder, flat key, outer shell, lower joint It is characterized in that the upper joint (1), the outer casing (11), and the lower joint (15) are connected by threaded screws in sequence; the throttle plate (2) is provided with a through hole in the middle, which is connected with the upper joint (1) Connected by locking screws (4); the cylindrical pin (3) is connected with the throttle plate (2) and the upper joint (1) by locking screws (4), and the cylindrical pin (3) is used for the impeller (6). Limit; the upper and lower end surfaces of the impeller casing (7) are inclined surfaces, and a series bearing (8) is installed between the impeller casing (7) and the outer casing (11), and the series bearing (8) passes through the inner sleeve (9) and the outer casing (11). The outer sleeve (10) realizes positioning; the impeller shell (7) rotates along the roller (12) while rotating to realize axial movement; the impeller shaft (5) is in the shape of a stepped shaft, the front end is welded with a conical head, and the lower end is welded Connected to the impeller shell (7), the axial movement of the impeller shaft (5) will change the change of the drilling fluid flow area in the middle through hole of the throttle plate (2). The liquid realizes energy conversion and generates axial vibration; the left end of the support cylinder (13) is high, the right end is low, and there is a gap between the support cylinder (13) and the impeller casing (7), and the left end is provided with key grooves and threaded holes, through the flat key (14) and the outer casing (11) Connection to achieve circumferential positioning, the lower end is close to the lower joint (15) to achieve axial positioning; the upper end of the roller (12) is in contact with the impeller casing (7), and is fixed on the support cylinder (13) by threaded connection , to achieve positioning. 2. The hydraulic oscillator based on a roller and an impeller according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the impeller housing (7) are inclined planes, which can rotate along the roller (12) while rotating. Rotate to achieve axial movement, and the lower end of the roller is limited.

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