CN112145110B - Hydraulic pulse oscillation device - Google Patents
Hydraulic pulse oscillation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112145110B CN112145110B CN202011204503.2A CN202011204503A CN112145110B CN 112145110 B CN112145110 B CN 112145110B CN 202011204503 A CN202011204503 A CN 202011204503A CN 112145110 B CN112145110 B CN 112145110B
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic pulse oscillation device, which comprises an upper joint, a rotating main shaft, a cylindrical cam mechanism, a circular flow channel, an inner cylinder, a moving shell, a ring wall spring, a moving cylinder and a lower joint, wherein the upper joint, the inner cylinder and the lower joint are sequentially connected to form a central cavity; the cylindrical cam mechanism is formed by connecting a cylindrical groove with a moving rod through a sliding roller and a cam pin, the lower end of the rotating main shaft is connected with the cylindrical groove, the sliding roller is positioned in a guide rail of the cylindrical groove, the circular flow channel is arranged in the lower joint and is positioned below the moving rod, the circular flow channel is also provided with small flow channels which are uniformly distributed outside the middle flow channel, and the lower parts of the small flow channels are communicated with the middle flow channel; the moving shell is sleeved at the annular outer groove of the inner cylinder, the moving cylinder is positioned below the annular wall spring and is in contact fit with the annular wall spring, and the moving cylinder is positioned between the moving shell and the inner cylinder. The invention can generate stable axial vibration, and has high oscillation frequency and small vibration amplitude.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drilling device applied to the fields of petroleum engineering, mining engineering, geotechnical engineering and the like, in particular to a hydraulic pulse oscillation device.
Background
In order to meet the requirement of development of oil and gas exploration work, the current oil drilling work is mainly expanded to deep parts and complex blocks. Along with the development of each large oil field, the number of complex structure wells such as a highly deviated well, a horizontal well, a multi-branch horizontal well and the like is more and more, well bores are more and more irregular, the inclination angle of the well is large, and the friction between a drill string and a well wall in a sliding drilling mode is more and more large, so that the transmission efficiency of the drilling pressure is low, and the drilling speed and the extension capability are seriously restricted. In the process of drilling a deep well, the problems of high drilling difficulty and low drilling speed of a hard formation are very prominent. In order to meet the requirements of new drilling conditions or new oil and gas resources, corresponding new drilling methods and tools are also continuously developed. Therefore, the key problem of the petroleum industry at home and abroad is to improve the drilling speed.
At present, methods for generating radial vibration by using hydraulic power mainly comprise a turbine driving eccentric method and a screw motor method. The Chinese patent with publication number CN106761472B adopts a turbine to drive the eccentric mode; chinese utility model patent with publication number CN201883999U provides a multistage turbine eccentric type. The Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN105937378B adopts a scheme of a single-head screw motor; the proposal proposed by the Chinese patent with publication number CN102889067B adopts both eccentric wheel method and screw motor method, except that the main part names of the multi-head motor are changed into plum blossom rotor and plum blossom stator.
The turbine driving eccentric method is simple and easy to realize, but the hydraulic pressure drop is large, mechanical friction and eddy loss exist, gaps among rotating parts are easy to block, the vibration impact momentum is limited, and synchronization cannot be guaranteed during multi-stage combination; the screw motor method has the advantages of high efficiency, large radial impact momentum and the like, but has high processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic pulse oscillation device which is used for solving the problems of large hydraulic pressure drop, limited vibration impact momentum caused by mechanical friction and eddy loss in a turbine driving eccentric method and the problems of large processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost in a screw motor method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hydraulic pulse oscillation device comprises an upper joint, a rotating main shaft, a cylindrical cam mechanism, a circular flow channel, an inner cylinder, a moving shell, a ring wall spring, a moving cylinder and a lower joint, wherein the upper joint, the inner cylinder and the lower joint are sequentially connected to form a central cavity; the cylindrical cam mechanism is formed by connecting a cylindrical groove with a moving rod through a sliding roller and a cam pin, and the lower end of the rotating main shaft is in threaded connection with a central hole in the upper part of the cylindrical groove; the cylindrical groove is inserted into a cavity at the upper end of the moving rod, a wave groove is arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical groove, the wave grooves are connected end to end and are provided with two wave crests and two wave troughs to form a groove guide rail, the sliding roller is positioned in the groove guide rail, one end of the cam pin penetrates through the moving rod and then is rotatably connected with the sliding roller, the circular flow channel is arranged in the lower connector and is positioned below the moving rod, the moving rod and a middle flow channel of the circular flow channel are coaxially arranged, the circular flow channel is also provided with small flow channels uniformly distributed outside the middle flow channel, and the lower parts of the small flow channels are communicated with the middle flow channel; an annular gap is formed between the cylindrical cam mechanism and the inner cylinder, the upper end of the annular gap is communicated with a flow guide hole of the limiting gasket, and a small flow channel of a lower circular flow channel at the lower end of the annular gap is communicated; the outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with an annular outer groove, the motion shell is sleeved at the annular outer groove, the inner wall of the motion shell is provided with an annular inner groove, the annular wall spring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular inner groove of the motion shell, the motion cylinder is located below the annular wall spring and is in contact fit with the annular wall spring, the motion cylinder is located between the motion shell and the inner cylinder, one end of the connecting block is inserted onto the moving rod, the other end of the connecting block penetrates through the inner cylinder and is inserted onto the motion moving cylinder, and the connecting blocks are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
The outer surface of the rotary main shaft in the scheme is designed to be in a spiral line shape, so that the pressure drop is convenient to adjust, and meanwhile, the rotary main shaft generates rotary motion under the impact action of drilling fluid.
In the scheme, two sealing grooves are designed at the upper end of the circumferential surface of the cylindrical groove, and the groove guide rail is arranged below the two sealing grooves; the seal groove is used for improving the sealing performance of the system, and the groove guide rail is used for enabling the sliding roller to move relatively in the groove guide rail.
In the scheme, the middle part of the moving rod is provided with a through symmetrical spline notch, and the moving rod is matched with the moving cylinder through a connecting block to form a rigid body of a motion system; the bottom end of the moving rod is designed into a semi-spherical surface and is used for being in contact fit with the circular channel, and the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the moving rod periodically changes the flow area to form pulses.
In the scheme, the top end of the annular wall spring is fixedly connected with the moving shell, and the energy transfer efficiency is realized and the service life of the spring is protected outside an internal sealing system formed by the cylindrical groove and the moving rod.
The seal grooves are designed at the upper end and the lower end of the movable cylinder in the scheme, so that the overall sealing performance is improved, and the drilling fluid is protected from flowing outwards.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can generate stable axial vibration, has high oscillation frequency and small vibration amplitude, improves the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit and can reduce the damage of the oscillation to other parts.
2. The invention has simple structure, good smoothness of liquid flow in the cavity and high utilization rate of drilling fluid energy; the working performance is stable, and the oscillating system is a novel, stable, reliable and safe oscillating system and is easy to use and popularize in oil fields.
3. The invention converts the rotary motion of the cylindrical groove into the axial up-and-down reciprocating motion of the moving rod, provides stable and periodic change of the flow area for the whole motion system, and naturally reduces the probability of failure.
4. The invention is connected with the drill bit, and the generated high-frequency axial vibration and stable pulse jet flow can improve the depth of the teeth of the drill bit entering the rock, accelerate the speed of rock debris separating from the well bottom, improve the mechanical drilling speed and effectively reduce the drilling cost.
5. The invention has no electronic element and damageable workpiece, greatly reduces the times of tripping and drilling and improves the drilling efficiency.
6. The oscillation frequency of the invention can be changed by the design of the guide rail of the cylindrical groove according to the drilling requirement, and the invention has the advantages of wide application range, stronger flexibility and low requirement on the drilling pressure.
7. The invention adopts cam transmission, better realizes high speed and is matched with high-frequency oscillation.
Fourthly, illustration of the attached drawings:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the movable spindle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving spindle according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of a gasket of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the gasket of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical groove structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a cylindrical recess of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the moving rod of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the travel bar of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the moving cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the moving cylinder of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a top view of a circular flow channel of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a circular flow channel of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the inner barrel of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the inner barrel of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a joint is arranged; 2, rotating the main shaft; 3, inner cylinders; 4, limiting a gasket; 5, cylindrical grooves; 6 sliding rollers; 7 moving the rod; 8, a circular flow channel; 9 a cam pin; 10 a moving housing; 11 a circular wall spring; 12 moving the cylinder; 13, connecting blocks; 14 lower joint.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the hydraulic pulse oscillation device comprises an upper joint 1, a rotating main shaft 2, a limiting gasket 4, a cylindrical groove 5, a sliding roller 6, a moving rod 7, a connecting block 13, a circular flow channel 8, an inner cylinder 3, a cam pin 9, a moving shell 10, a circular wall spring 11, a moving cylinder 12 and a lower joint 14, wherein the upper ends of the upper joint 1 and the inner cylinder 3 and the lower end of the inner cylinder 3 and the lower joint 14 are in threaded connection; the rotary main shaft 2 is positioned in the inner barrel 3, the upper part of the rotary main shaft 2 extends into the upper joint 1, the lower end of the rotary main shaft 2 penetrates through a middle hole of a limiting gasket 4, the annular limiting gasket 4 is attached to a limiting boss in the inner barrel 3 and fixedly connected with the inner barrel 3 into a whole, and the rotary main shaft 2, the limiting gasket 4 and the cylindrical groove 5 are connected through threads to form a rotary whole; the circumference of the cylindrical groove 5 is provided with a wavy groove which is connected end to end and is provided with two wave crests and two wave troughs to form a groove guide rail, the upper end of the moving rod 7 is inserted into the cylindrical groove 5, the sliding roller 6 is arranged in the groove guide rail on the circumference of the cylindrical groove 5, and the sliding roller 6 is connected with the moving rod 7 through a cam pin 9, so that the moving rod 7 and the sliding roller 6 keep vertical synchronous motion in the axial direction; the movable rod 7 and the connecting block 13, and the connecting block 13 and the movable cylinder 12 are connected by splines, so that the movable rod 7, the connecting block 13 and the movable cylinder 12 are integrated into a moving whole, and synchronous movement in the axial direction is kept; the lower part of the moving rod 7 is in contact fit with the circular flow passage 8, and the circular flow passage 8 is fixedly connected with the lower joint 14 in a threaded connection mode; the outer wall of the inner cylinder 3 is provided with an annular outer groove, the moving shell 10 is sleeved at the annular outer groove, and the upper end and the lower end of the middle part of the inner cylinder 3 are provided with an upper limiting surface and a lower limiting surface, so that the upper end and the lower end of the moving shell 10 do reciprocating motion to collide with the upper limiting surface and the lower limiting surface to generate axial oscillation; the inner wall of the moving shell 10 is provided with an annular inner groove, the annular wall spring 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular inner groove of the moving shell 10, the moving cylinder 12 is positioned below the annular wall spring 11 and is in contact fit with the annular wall spring 11, the moving cylinder 12 is attached to the moving shell 10 and is positioned between the moving shell 10 and the inner cylinder 3, and the annular inner groove of the moving shell 10 provides a working space for the moving cylinder 12 and the annular wall spring 11 and protects parts; one end of the connecting block 13 is inserted on the moving rod 7, the other end of the connecting block 13 penetrates through the inner cylinder 3 and is inserted on the moving cylinder 12, and the connecting blocks 13 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction and are positioned between the moving shell 10 and the inner cylinder 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the surface of the rotating main shaft 2 is spiral, so that the pressure drop can be adjusted conveniently, and the rotating main shaft can rotate under the impact of the drilling fluid.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the middle internal thread of the limiting gasket 4 is matched with the rotating spindle 2, and the limiting gasket 4 is positioned between the rotating spindle 2 and the cylindrical groove 5.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the upper half of the cylindrical groove 5 is designed with a sealing groove, a notch guide rail (groove guide rail) is arranged below the sealing groove, and the two symmetrical sliding rollers 6 perform relative movement with the cylindrical groove 5 in the notch guide rail. The groove guide rail on the surface of the cylindrical groove can be designed into various guide rail tracks such as sine tracks and the like to adjust the oscillation frequency and the period according to the actual drilling work requirement.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the moving rod 7 has two symmetrical holes above, and the cam pin 9 passes through the two symmetrical holes to be coupled with the sliding roller 6. The middle part of the moving rod 7 is provided with symmetrical spline grooves which are in spline connection with the connecting block 13 and pass through the inner cylinder 3 to be in spline connection with the moving cylinder 12. The bottom end of the moving rod 7 is designed to be a hemispherical surface, so that the moving rod 7 is in contact with the circular flow channel 8 to be matched with the circular flow channel to change the flow area to form pulse.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, spline grooves are formed in the middle of the movable cylinder 12 and are symmetrically distributed with the movable rod 7, and sealing grooves are formed in the inner end surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the movable cylinder 12.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the middle flow channel opening of the circular flow channel 8 is in contact fit with the lower end of the moving rod 7, a plurality of small flow channel openings are designed around the middle flow channel opening, and the small flow channel openings are communicated with the middle flow channel opening at the lower part.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the two ends of the middle part of the inner cylinder 3 are provided with limiting surfaces (the outer wall of the inner cylinder is provided with an annular outer groove), so that the up-and-down motion of the motion shell 10 impacts the limiting surfaces to generate oscillation; the middle of the inner cylinder 3 is provided with a through notch, and the length of the notch is the sum of the height of the connecting block 13 and the axial height of the guide rail groove in the cylindrical groove 5.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
in the actual drilling process, the lower end of the drill bit is provided with a PDC drill bit, and the upper end of the drill bit is connected with a drill collar. In a working state, drilling fluid enters from the upper connector 1, impacts the surface of a spiral line of the rotating main shaft 2, and the rotating main shaft 2 generates rotating motion; the cylindrical groove 5 connected below the rotating main shaft 2 rotates along with the rotating main shaft 2; the cylindrical groove 5 and the lower moving rod 7 form a cylindrical cam mechanism through the sliding roller 6 and the cam pin 9, the rotary motion is converted into axial reciprocating linear motion, the cylindrical groove 5 rotates, so that the sliding roller 6 makes relative motion in the groove guide rail, and the moving rod 7 realizes up-and-down motion; the up-and-down movement of the movable rod 7 enables the bottom end semispherical surface to be contacted with and separated from the circular channel 8, so that the flow area of the drilling fluid is changed, and pulses are formed; the up-and-down movement of the movable rod 7 drives the connecting block 13 and the movable cylinder 12 to do the same movement; the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the movable cylinder 12 extrudes the annular wall spring 11 fixedly connected with the movable shell 10, thereby driving the movable shell 10 to move up and down; the up-and-down movement of the moving shell 10 strikes the upper and lower limiting surfaces of the inner cylinder 3 to realize axial oscillation.
Claims (6)
1. A kind of liquid pulse oscillation device, characterized by: the hydraulic pulse oscillation device comprises an upper joint (1), a rotating main shaft (2), a cylindrical cam mechanism, a circular flow channel (8), an inner cylinder (3), a moving shell (10), a ring wall spring (11), a moving cylinder (12) and a lower joint (14), wherein the upper joint (1), the inner cylinder (3) and the lower joint (14) are sequentially connected to form a central cavity, the rotating main shaft (2), the cylindrical cam mechanism and the circular flow channel (8) are positioned in the central cavity, the upper part of the rotating main shaft (2) extends into the upper joint (1), the lower end of the rotating main shaft (2) penetrates through a limiting gasket (4), and the limiting gasket (4) is arranged on a limiting boss of the inner cylinder and fixedly connected with the inner cylinder (3) into a whole; the cylindrical cam mechanism is formed by connecting a cylindrical groove (5) with a moving rod (7) through a sliding roller (6) and a cam pin (9), and the lower end of the rotating main shaft (2) is in threaded connection with a central hole in the upper part of the cylindrical groove (5); the cylindrical groove (5) is inserted into a cavity at the upper end of the moving rod (7), a wave groove is arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical groove (5), the wave grooves are connected end to end and are provided with two wave crests and two wave troughs to form a groove guide rail, the sliding roller (6) is positioned in the groove guide rail, one end of a cam pin (9) penetrates through the moving rod (7) and then is rotatably connected with the sliding roller (6), a circular flow channel (8) is arranged in a lower connector (14) and is positioned below the moving rod (7), the moving rod (7) and a middle flow channel of the circular flow channel (8) are coaxially arranged, the circular flow channel (8) is also provided with small flow channels uniformly distributed outside the middle flow channel, and the lower parts of the small flow channels are communicated with the middle flow channel; an annular gap is arranged between the cylindrical cam mechanism and the inner cylinder (3), the upper end of the annular gap is communicated with a flow guide hole of the limiting gasket (4), and the lower end of the annular gap is communicated with a small flow channel of the circular flow channel (8); the outer wall of the inner cylinder (3) is provided with an annular outer groove, the moving shell (10) is sleeved at the annular outer groove, the inner wall of the moving shell (10) is provided with an annular inner groove, the annular wall spring (11) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the annular inner groove of the moving shell, the moving cylinder (12) is positioned below the annular wall spring and is in contact fit with the annular wall spring (11), the moving cylinder (12) is positioned between the moving shell (10) and the inner cylinder (3), one end of the connecting block (13) is inserted onto the moving rod (7), the other end of the connecting block (13) penetrates through the inner cylinder (3) and is inserted onto the moving cylinder (12), and the connecting block (13) is arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction.
2. A hydraulic pulse oscillation device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the rotating main shaft (2) is designed to be spiral.
3. A hydraulic pulse oscillation device as defined in claim 2 wherein: the upper end of the circumferential surface of the cylindrical groove (5) is provided with two sealing grooves, and the groove guide rail is arranged below the two sealing grooves.
4. A hydraulic pulse oscillation device as defined in claim 3, wherein: the middle part of the moving rod (7) is provided with a through symmetrical spline notch, and the moving rod (7) is matched with the moving cylinder (12) through a connecting block (13) to form a rigid body of a motion system; the bottom end of the moving rod (7) is designed into a semi-spherical surface and is used for being in contact fit with the circular flow channel (8), and the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the moving rod (7) periodically changes the flow area to form pulses.
5. A hydraulic pulse oscillation device as defined in claim 4, wherein: the top end of the annular wall spring (11) is fixedly connected with the moving shell (10) and is independent of an internal sealing system formed by the cylindrical groove (5) and the moving rod (7), so that the high efficiency of energy transfer is realized and the service life of the spring is protected.
6. A hydraulic pulse oscillation device as defined in claim 5, wherein: sealing grooves are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the movable cylinder (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011204503.2A CN112145110B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Hydraulic pulse oscillation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011204503.2A CN112145110B (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Hydraulic pulse oscillation device |
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| CN112145110A CN112145110A (en) | 2020-12-29 |
| CN112145110B true CN112145110B (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114278245A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2022-04-05 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Hydraulic oscillator |
| CN113513267B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-07-19 | 东北石油大学 | Simple hydraulic oscillation tool |
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