CN109441356B - Hydraulic oscillator based on cam and impeller - Google Patents
Hydraulic oscillator based on cam and impeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN109441356B CN109441356B CN201910015308.6A CN201910015308A CN109441356B CN 109441356 B CN109441356 B CN 109441356B CN 201910015308 A CN201910015308 A CN 201910015308A CN 109441356 B CN109441356 B CN 109441356B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an oscillator with resistance reduction and speed acceleration for the field of petroleum drilling and the like. The technical scheme is as follows: the upper joint, the outer shell and the lower joint are sequentially connected through thread screws, the throttle valve plate is connected with the upper joint through the thread screws, the throttle valve plate is connected with the cylindrical pin through a locking screw, and the cylindrical pin is positioned between the impeller and the throttle valve plate; the impeller shaft, the impeller and the impeller shell are welded into a whole, a serial bearing is arranged between the impeller shell and the shell body, the upper end and the lower end of the serial bearing are positioned through the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the impeller shell is close to the cam; the cam and the outer shell are circumferentially positioned through the spline, the lower end of the cam is adjacent to the lower connector, and axial positioning is achieved. The novel hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller is free of rubber structure design in the interior, is simple in structure, can effectively reduce the frictional resistance between a drilling tool at the lower part of a horizontal well and a large-displacement well and a well wall, enhances the transmission capacity of drilling pressure, and can avoid underground accidents such as sticking and blocking while improving the drilling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum and natural gas drilling engineering, and relates to a novel downhole tool, in particular to a novel hydraulic oscillator with resistance reduction and speed acceleration functions.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of the industry in China, the demand and the production quantity of petroleum and natural gas are increasing day by day. However, in order to alleviate the shortage of petroleum resources in our country, petroleum extraction is beginning to be carried out in fields with severe environmental conditions, such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells. The exploitation of new oil and gas wells leads drilling projects to face more complicated conditions, and corresponding new drilling methods and tools are continuously developed in order to meet the requirements of new drilling conditions or new oil and gas resources (such as coal bed gas, shale gas, ocean oil and gas). In a horizontal well and an extended reach well, along with the increase of the well entry depth, the friction force between a drill string and a well wall is gradually increased to cause the loss of the bit pressure, the improvement of the mechanical drilling speed is not facilitated, the target diameter and the well bore quality of a drilled well are also seriously influenced, and the method is an important factor for restricting the technical development of the horizontal well and the extended reach well. In a method for solving these problems, energy conversion by a mechanically operated downhole tool using a drilling fluid, thereby generating certain expected vibrations, has rapidly developed in recent years. The hydraulic oscillator is introduced into the underground drill stem, so that the drill stem can generate periodic vibration with certain frequency and amplitude, static friction resistance in the feeding process is changed into dynamic friction resistance, and the hydraulic vibration drilling device has obvious advantages in the aspects of reducing friction resistance in the feeding process, improving the mechanical drilling speed, increasing the horizontal footage and shortening the drilling period. The stratum working environment that well drilling engineering faces is complicated, and the well drilling degree of depth is constantly increased, leads to the not high drill bit rock breaking efficiency drill bit when drilling deep well stratum, and the ubiquitous drilling rate is very slow, the cost of well drilling expense is high, and the improvement of well drilling speed lies in how to improve the rock breaking efficiency of drill bit. Meanwhile, the discharge capacity of a drilling well is limited due to overhigh pumping pressure on site, and the mechanical drilling rate and the well cleaning are influenced; and multiple MWD failures, premature PDC bit deactivation and unstable behavior in oil-based muds and high temperatures, and high failure rates may occur.
The invention provides a novel hydraulic oscillator based on a cam and an impeller, which is designed for solving the existing problems, realizes energy conversion by using drilling fluid, generates axial vibration, acts on a drill bit through a machine body structure, and achieves the purposes of reducing friction and resistance, increasing the effective drilling pressure of the drill bit, improving the mechanical drilling speed, reducing MWD faults, extending the drill string such as well displacement and the like in the drilling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the novel hydraulic oscillator is designed for overcoming the defects that the drilling friction of the existing horizontal well and the extended reach well is large, the drilling pressure of a wellhead cannot be effectively transmitted to a drill bit, the rock carrying capacity of drilling fluid is not high, and the using effect of the existing axial vibration tool is not ideal.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the novel hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller consists of an upper joint, a throttle valve plate, a cylindrical pin, a locking screw, the impeller, an impeller shaft, an impeller shell, a serial bearing, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a shell, the cam, a flat key and a lower joint, and is characterized in that the upper joint, the shell and the lower joint are connected through a thread in sequence; the middle of the throttle valve plate is provided with a through hole which is connected with the upper joint through a locking screw; the cylindrical pin is connected with the throttle valve plate and the upper joint through locking screws, and the cylindrical pin limits the impeller; the impeller shaft and the impeller are connected with the impeller shell through welding; the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the impeller shell are curved surfaces, and the impeller shell rotates along the cam while rotating to realize axial movement; a serial bearing is arranged between the impeller shell and the shell body, so that the friction force generated when the impeller shell moves can be reduced; the string bearing is fixed through the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are clamped between the string bearing and the outer shell to realize positioning; the impeller shaft is in a stepped shaft shape, the front end of the impeller shaft is welded with a conical head, the lower end of the impeller shaft is connected with the impeller shell through welding, and through axial movement, the change of the drilling fluid flow area is realized, and axial vibration is generated; the upper end of the cam is a curved surface and is close to the shell of the impeller, and the lower end of the cam is close to the lower joint, so that the axial positioning is realized; the cam is connected with the outer shell through a flat key, so that circumferential positioning is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) only a small riser pressure is needed to generate axial pulses; (2) the high-frequency vibration effectively overcomes the frictional resistance of a drilling tool at the lower part, realizes the effective transmission of the drilling pressure at the well mouth, improves the mechanical drilling speed, and simultaneously prevents the drilling tool from being attached to the lower well wall for a long time due to the vibration of the tool, thereby avoiding the occurrence of underground accidents such as sticking and blocking. (3) The PDC drill bit has the advantages that a power assembly similar to a motor is omitted, the impeller is used for replacing the PDC drill bit, positive pulse pressure drop can be generated, the drilling speed can be improved, the pump pressure can be reduced, the consumption of the pump is reduced, and the passivation of the PDC drill bit is delayed; (4) the novel hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller can provide periodic axial impact force with adjustable frequency; (5) has little effect on MWD.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam and impeller based hydroscillator according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-upper joint, 2-throttle valve plate, 3-cylindrical pin, 4-locking screw, 5-impeller shaft, 6-impeller, 7-impeller shell, 8-bearing string, 9-inner sleeve, 10-outer sleeve, 11-outer shell, 12-cam, 13-flat key and 14-lower joint.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a flat key type impeller according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a splined impeller according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a throttle plate according to the present invention.
In the figure: 2-throttle valve plate, 4-locking screw.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an impeller housing according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a cam according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: according to the attached figure 1, the cam and impeller-based hydraulic oscillator is composed of an upper joint, a throttle valve plate, a cylindrical pin, a locking screw, an impeller shaft, an impeller shell, a string bearing, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a shell, a cam, a flat key and a lower joint, and is characterized in that the upper joint 1, the shell 11 and the lower joint 14 are connected through threads and threads in sequence; a through hole is formed in the middle of the throttle valve plate 2 and is connected with the upper joint 1 through a locking screw 4; the cylindrical pin 3 is connected with the throttle valve plate 2 and the upper joint 1 through a locking screw 4, and the cylindrical pin 3 limits the impeller 6; the impeller shaft 5 and the impeller 6 are connected with the impeller shell 7 through welding; the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the impeller shell 7 are both curved surfaces, and the impeller shell 7 rotates along the cam 12 while rotating to realize axial movement; a string bearing 8 is arranged between the impeller shell 7 and the shell body 11, and the string bearing 8 and the impeller shell 7 are in clearance fit, so that the friction force generated when the impeller shell 7 moves can be reduced; the string bearing 8 is fixed through the inner sleeve 9 and the outer sleeve 10, and the inner sleeve 9 and the outer sleeve 10 are clamped between the string bearing 8 and the outer shell 11 to realize positioning; the impeller shaft 5 is in a stepped shaft shape, a conical head is welded at the front end of the impeller shaft, the lower end of the impeller shaft is connected with the impeller shell 7 through welding, and through axial movement, the change of the drilling fluid flow area is realized, and axial vibration is generated; the upper end of the cam 12 is a curved surface and is close to the impeller shell 7, and the lower end of the cam is close to the lower joint 14, so that axial positioning is realized; the cam 12 is connected with the outer shell 11 through a flat key 13 to realize circumferential positioning.
In the working process, the lower part of the hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller is connected with a screw rod power drilling tool for matching use, and the axial vibration is generated to act on the drilling tool at the lower part or a continuous oil pipe tool string, so that the friction resistance is obviously reduced, the bit pressure transmitted to a drill bit is improved, and the drilling and grinding operation of a long horizontal section is realized. The drilling fluid flowing out of the drill string directly flows into the hydraulic oscillator from the upper connector 1, the drilling fluid flowing through the upper connector 1 impacts and impacts the impeller 6, the impeller shaft 5 and the impeller shell 7 are driven to rotate together, a part of pressure potential energy of the drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy, and a certain axial force is generated along with the mechanical energy. The impeller shaft 5, the impeller 6 and the impeller shell 7 rotate along the cam 12 while rotating, are pushed forward along the borehole of the drilling tool to generate axial movement, generate axial vibration to obviously reduce common resistance in horizontal section construction, and the cylindrical pin 3 limits the impeller 6. The axial movement of the impeller shaft 5 changes the flow area between the impeller shaft 5 and the throttle valve plate 2, so that the internal pressure of the tool generates periodic fluctuation, a hydraulic oscillator based on a cam and the impeller generates periodic vibration, the rock carrying capacity of the drilling fluid is improved, and the mechanical drilling speed is obviously improved. The hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller is designed to have a rubber-free structure, so that the working stability of the downhole tool in high-temperature, oil-based mud and polluted liquid-phase environments is greatly improved.
Claims (2)
1. The hydraulic oscillator based on the cam and the impeller consists of an upper joint, a throttle valve plate, a cylindrical pin, a locking screw, the impeller, an impeller shaft, an impeller shell, a serial bearing, an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a shell, the cam, a flat key and a lower joint, and is characterized in that the upper joint (1), the shell (11) and the lower joint (14) are connected through a thread in sequence; a through hole is formed in the middle of the throttle valve plate (2) and is connected with the upper joint (1) through a locking screw (4); the cylindrical pin (3) is connected with the throttle valve plate (2) and the upper joint (1) through a locking screw (4), and the cylindrical pin (3) limits the impeller (6); the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the impeller shell (7) are both curved surfaces, and the impeller shell (7) rotates along the cam (12) while rotating to realize axial movement; a string bearing (8) is arranged between the impeller shell (7) and the shell body (11), and the string bearing (8) is positioned through an inner sleeve (9) and an outer sleeve (10); the impeller shaft (5) is in a stepped shaft shape, the front end of the impeller shaft is welded with a conical head, the lower end of the impeller shaft is connected with the impeller shell (7) through welding, the axial movement of the impeller shaft (5) changes the change of the flow area of drilling fluid in the middle through hole of the throttle valve plate (2), and the periodic fluctuation can be generated by the reciprocating movement, the energy conversion is realized by the drilling fluid, and the axial vibration is generated; the upper end of the cam (12) is a curved surface and is close to the impeller shell (7), and the lower end of the cam is close to the lower joint (14), so that axial positioning is realized; the cam (12) is connected with the outer shell (11) through a flat key (13) to realize circumferential positioning.
2. The cam-and-impeller-based hydroscillator of claim 1 wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the impeller shell (7) are curved surfaces, the impeller shell can rotate along the cam (12) while rotating, axial movement is achieved, and the upper end of the impeller shell is limited by the cylindrical pin (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910015308.6A CN109441356B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Hydraulic oscillator based on cam and impeller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910015308.6A CN109441356B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Hydraulic oscillator based on cam and impeller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109441356A CN109441356A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
| CN109441356B true CN109441356B (en) | 2020-08-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910015308.6A Active CN109441356B (en) | 2019-01-08 | 2019-01-08 | Hydraulic oscillator based on cam and impeller |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103306600A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳市百勤石油技术有限公司 | Cam-type axial rotary punching tool |
| CN205172416U (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-04-20 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Mechanical oscillation strikes transmission shaft |
| CN206581892U (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2017-10-24 | Sjm设计有限公司 | Fluid pulse equipment |
| CN107420061A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-01 | 西南石油大学 | Underbalance pulse oscillator |
| CN107664013A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-06 | 西南石油大学 | Vane type axial and circumferential composite impact device |
-
2019
- 2019-01-08 CN CN201910015308.6A patent/CN109441356B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103306600A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-18 | 深圳市百勤石油技术有限公司 | Cam-type axial rotary punching tool |
| CN206581892U (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2017-10-24 | Sjm设计有限公司 | Fluid pulse equipment |
| CN205172416U (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-04-20 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Mechanical oscillation strikes transmission shaft |
| CN107420061A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-01 | 西南石油大学 | Underbalance pulse oscillator |
| CN107664013A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-06 | 西南石油大学 | Vane type axial and circumferential composite impact device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN109441356A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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