CN103291214B - Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well - Google Patents

Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well Download PDF

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CN103291214B
CN103291214B CN201310242299.7A CN201310242299A CN103291214B CN 103291214 B CN103291214 B CN 103291214B CN 201310242299 A CN201310242299 A CN 201310242299A CN 103291214 B CN103291214 B CN 103291214B
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impact
head
drilling
shell
impact head
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CN103291214A (en
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张彦廷
朱文涛
邓荣
方敏
孟德超
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种采用涡轮和旋转头组合作为液动脉冲的控制结构的新型硬地层钻井提速液动冲击装置。钻井液经涡轮组对动力轴产生扭矩作用,通过动力轴和旋转头的连接带动旋转头旋转运动,旋转头和冲击筒端面的接触并产生周期性的流道通流与闭合,使作用在冲击筒上的压力产生变化,在弹簧力的复合作用下冲击筒作轴向往复震击运动,并通过连接机构将轴向的往复振动作用在下接头上,在连接机构的控制下产生一定频率的脉冲冲击,振动作用传递到钻头上,产生轴向冲击力;钻头与冲击器的外壳相互作用,传递钻井设备提供的扭矩,驱动钻头完成钻井作业,同时,配合冲击器对钻头的冲击,提高破岩效率,完成钻井提速。

The invention discloses a novel hydraulic impact device for increasing drilling speed in hard stratum, which adopts the combination of a turbine and a rotary head as a hydraulic pulse control structure. The drilling fluid generates torque on the power shaft through the turbine group, and drives the rotary head to rotate through the connection between the power shaft and the rotary head. The pressure on the barrel changes, and under the combined action of the spring force, the impact barrel makes an axial reciprocating shock movement, and the axial reciprocating vibration acts on the lower joint through the connecting mechanism, and a pulse of a certain frequency is generated under the control of the connecting mechanism The impact and vibration are transmitted to the drill bit to generate axial impact force; the drill bit interacts with the shell of the impactor to transmit the torque provided by the drilling equipment to drive the drill bit to complete the drilling operation. At the same time, cooperate with the impact of the impactor on the drill bit to improve rock breaking Efficiency, completion of drilling speed.

Description

适用于硬地层钻井的往复式液动冲击器Reciprocating hydraulic impactor for hard formation drilling

技术领域: Technical field:

本发明涉及一种新型的深井硬地层钻井提速装置,是一种完全依靠液力来提供所需动力的液压装置。 The invention relates to a new type of deep well hard formation drilling speed increasing device, which is a hydraulic device which completely relies on hydraulic power to provide the required power.

背景技术: Background technique:

伴随石油工业实施油气勘探开发,以稳定东部,发展西部,储备南方海相沉积构造,今后石油行业所钻井愈来愈深,地层年代愈来愈久远,岩石愈来愈硬,古老的钻井方法已经不能满足生产和工程的需要。当钻进遇硬地层时,钻井效率低,钻头寿命短,钻井周期长,成本高。提高深井钻井速度的问题成为钻井界研究的重要课题,冲击旋转钻井技术是解决硬岩钻进难题最有效的方法之一。 With the implementation of oil and gas exploration and development in the petroleum industry, in order to stabilize the east, develop the west, and reserve the marine sedimentary structures in the south, the oil industry will drill deeper and deeper in the future, the age of the stratum will become older, and the rock will become harder and harder. Can not meet the needs of production and engineering. When drilling into hard formations, the drilling efficiency is low, the life of the drill bit is short, the drilling cycle is long, and the cost is high. The problem of increasing the drilling speed of deep wells has become an important research topic in the drilling industry, and the percussion rotary drilling technology is one of the most effective methods to solve the difficult problem of hard rock drilling.

近几年来,随着油气钻井向深部的发展,硬地层钻进的难题日益突出,而目前油气田勘探开发钻井中仍主要采用传统的牙轮钻头,配合PDC钻头及喷射钻井装置的旋转钻井技术。当钻遇硬地层时,钻井效率很低,钻头寿命短,钻井周期长,成本高,冲击旋转钻井技术是解决硬岩钻进难题最有效的方法之一。目前,国内外发展的冲击器类型有阀式正作用冲击器、阀式反作用冲击器、阀式双作用冲击器(含活阀式和节流式)、射流式冲击器、射吸式冲击器、气动冲击器、机械式冲击器。这些冲击器基本组件包括换向机构(活塞、弹簧、密封件、冲锤)及能量传递机构(砧子、钻头)。在石油钻井过程中,井下工具处于钻井液压力高、温度高、固体颗粒含量高等复杂工况,工具本身运动频率高(有的高达20Hz),钻井液所含固相颗粒对密封件、运动副的磨损随着井深增加,井下温度升高,加上活塞高频往复运动产生的摩擦升温也会造成密封件过早失效;同样,设计不合理,材质和工艺不合格,液流入口或出口受高速冲刷而冲蚀损坏,冲击器寿命一般较短(不超过80h)。 In recent years, with the development of oil and gas drilling to the deep, the difficulty of drilling in hard formations has become increasingly prominent. At present, the traditional roller cone bit is still mainly used in oil and gas field exploration and development drilling, combined with the rotary drilling technology of PDC bit and jet drilling device. When drilling hard formations, the drilling efficiency is very low, the life of the drill bit is short, the drilling cycle is long, and the cost is high. Percussion rotary drilling technology is one of the most effective methods to solve hard rock drilling problems. At present, the types of impactors developed at home and abroad include valve-type positive-acting impactors, valve-type reaction impactors, valve-type double-acting impactors (including live valve type and throttling type), jet-type impactors, and jet-suction impactors. , Pneumatic impactor, mechanical impactor. The basic components of these impactors include the reversing mechanism (piston, spring, seal, hammer) and the energy transmission mechanism (anvil, drill bit). In the process of oil drilling, downhole tools are in complex working conditions such as high drilling fluid pressure, high temperature, and high solid particle content. As the well depth increases, the downhole temperature rises, and the friction and temperature rise caused by the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the piston will also cause premature failure of the seal; similarly, the design is unreasonable, the material and process are unqualified, and the liquid flow inlet or outlet is affected. High-speed erosion causes erosion damage, and the life of the impactor is generally short (not more than 80h).

旋冲钻井技术是石油行业独具特色的、能显著提高钻速的工艺技术方法。该钻井技术就是在旋转钻井的基础上,再增加一个液动冲击器,位于钻头和钻铤之间,以产生高频周期性的冲击力。该技术是利用冲击器高频锤击钻头齿入岩石,并辅以旋转刮削进行联合破岩的一种高效破岩。钻进时,钻头在常规钻压和扭矩作用的基础上同时通过冲击器给钻头施加一定频率的冲击载荷,井底钻头就在冲击和旋转共同作用下破碎岩石,进行钻进。通过试验应用表明,旋冲钻井技术是一项先进的、实用的、可靠的现代钻井技术。 Rotary percussion drilling technology is a unique technological method in the petroleum industry that can significantly increase drilling speed. This drilling technology is to add a hydraulic impactor between the drill bit and the drill collar on the basis of rotary drilling to generate high-frequency periodic impact force. This technology is a high-efficiency rock breaking technology that uses the impactor to hammer the drill bit into the rock with high frequency, and is supplemented by rotary scraping for combined rock breaking. When drilling, the drill bit applies a certain frequency of impact load to the drill bit through the impactor on the basis of the conventional drilling pressure and torque, and the bottom hole drill bit breaks the rock under the combined action of impact and rotation to drill. The test application shows that the rotary percussion drilling technology is an advanced, practical and reliable modern drilling technology.

发明内容: Invention content:

本发明的目的是要提供一种新型的钻井增速装置往复式液动冲击器,以减小硬地层钻井效率低,钻头寿命短,钻井周期长,成本高等问题,提高钻井的效率。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of drilling speed increasing device reciprocating hydraulic impactor to reduce the problems of low drilling efficiency in hard formations, short drill bit life, long drilling cycle and high cost, and improve drilling efficiency.

为实现工作目的,本发明的总体构思是:多组涡轮组作为往复式液动冲击器的动力提供和传输装置并排安装。钻井液从流道进入冲击器上接头后,经过涡轮组,涡轮组将钻井液的动量转换成动力轴的扭矩。通过涡轮组和截面为六边形的动力轴之间的联动将旋转运动传递到旋转头,动力轴带动旋转头一起做360°连续旋转运动。上弹簧套装在截面为六边形的动力轴上,一端与挡圈端面接触,另一端与旋转头端面接触,且始终处于压缩状态,用以提高旋转头和冲击头间的密封效果。安装在旋转头下方,并与旋转头端面配合的冲击头相对动力轴静止,则在动力轴带动旋转头转动时,冲击头与旋转头的扇形截面出现端面重合和端面交错两种工作状态。当旋转头与冲击头的扇形端面重合时,扇形端面外的两侧流道畅通,液体从两侧流道和阻尼孔流过,旋转头与冲击头处于流通状态;当旋转头与冲击头扇形端面交错时,侧流道被扇形端面堵塞,液体只能从阻尼孔流过,旋转头与冲击头处于闭合状态。由于动力轴的带动,从而完成旋转头和冲击头的周期闭合与流通。 In order to realize the working purpose, the general idea of the present invention is: multiple groups of turbine groups are installed side by side as the power supply and transmission device of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor. After the drilling fluid enters the upper joint of the impactor from the flow channel, it passes through the turbine group, and the turbine group converts the momentum of the drilling fluid into the torque of the power shaft. Through the linkage between the turbine group and the power shaft with a hexagonal cross section, the rotary motion is transmitted to the rotary head, and the power shaft drives the rotary head to perform 360° continuous rotary motion together. The upper spring is set on the power shaft with a hexagonal section, one end is in contact with the end face of the retaining ring, and the other end is in contact with the end face of the swivel head, and is always in a compressed state to improve the sealing effect between the swivel head and the impact head. The impact head installed under the rotary head and matched with the end face of the rotary head is stationary relative to the power shaft, and when the power shaft drives the rotary head to rotate, the fan-shaped sections of the impact head and the rotary head have two working states: overlapping end faces and staggered end faces. When the fan-shaped end faces of the rotating head and the impact head coincide, the flow channels on both sides outside the fan-shaped end face are smooth, and the liquid flows through the flow channels and damping holes on both sides, and the rotating head and the impact head are in a flow state; when the fan-shaped head and the impact head When the end faces are staggered, the side channel is blocked by the fan-shaped end face, the liquid can only flow through the damping hole, and the rotating head and the impact head are in a closed state. Driven by the power shaft, the periodic closure and circulation of the rotary head and the impact head are completed.

当旋转头和冲击头旋转至闭合状态时,钻井液经过上接头、涡轮组、挡圈、旋转头、冲击头、内套、下接头,流出冲击器。由于侧流道堵住,钻井液仅通过旋转头一端上开的阻尼孔流入冲击头的中心孔,过流面积突变,压损较大,作用的压降力较大。当旋转头和冲击头旋转至通流状态时,钻井液经过上接头、涡轮组、挡圈、旋转头、冲击头、内套、下接头,流出冲击器。由于侧流道打开,钻井液可同时从旋转头与冲击头端面重合形成的侧流道和旋转头一端上开的阻尼孔流过,过流面积大,压损较小,作用的压降力较小。从而完成压降力周期性的大小变换。 When the rotary head and the impact head rotate to the closed state, the drilling fluid flows out of the impactor through the upper joint, the turbine group, the retaining ring, the rotary head, the impact head, the inner sleeve, and the lower joint. Due to the blockage of the side channel, the drilling fluid only flows into the center hole of the impact head through the damping hole opened on one end of the rotary head, the flow area changes suddenly, the pressure loss is large, and the pressure drop force is large. When the rotary head and the impact head rotate to the flow state, the drilling fluid flows out of the impactor through the upper joint, the turbine group, the retaining ring, the rotary head, the impact head, the inner sleeve, and the lower joint. Due to the opening of the side channel, the drilling fluid can flow through the side channel formed by the coincidence of the rotary head and the end face of the impact head and the damping hole opened on one end of the rotary head at the same time. The flow area is large, the pressure loss is small, and the pressure drop force smaller. In this way, the periodic size transformation of the pressure drop force is completed.

下弹簧套装在下接头与外壳下形成的环形空间内,一端与卡环端面为活动接触,另一端与外壳下接触。压差力直接作用在内套,当流体在冲击头上产生的压降增大,超过下弹簧的支撑力,压缩下弹簧向下运动.下弹簧和内部有一定宽度凸台的卡环被同时压缩至套装在卡环内部的阶梯轴见内套的最大端面时,即:冲击头运动推动卡环压缩下弹簧到极限位置,卡环内的凸台碰撞到下接头上端面时,传递动能给下接头,往复式液动冲击器在传递钻杆扭矩的同时,给钻头施加沿轴向的冲击力,下弹簧完成受力零件的转换,形成冲击动作。当流体在冲击头上产生的压降力较小,不足以压缩下弹簧,此时,下弹簧实现对上端装置的支撑作用,即下弹簧用于平衡冲击器运动部件的自重和液力在轴向的作用。则卡环、内套和下接头处于不动作状态,往复式液动冲击器仅传递扭矩作用。下弹簧与外壳下和下接头连接,实现对下端装置的支撑和冲击时的复位,上下两部分完成整个冲击过程。卡环一端靠冲击头限位,另一端依靠内套内的凸台限制其轴向位移。内套与下接头为螺纹固定连接。 The lower spring is set in the annular space formed by the lower joint and the lower shell, one end is in movable contact with the end face of the snap ring, and the other end is in contact with the lower shell. The pressure difference directly acts on the inner sleeve. When the pressure drop generated by the fluid on the impact head increases and exceeds the supporting force of the lower spring, the lower spring is compressed and moves downward. The lower spring and the snap ring with a boss with a certain width inside are simultaneously Compress until the stepped shaft set inside the snap ring sees the largest end face of the inner sleeve, that is, the movement of the impact head pushes the snap ring to compress the lower spring to the limit position, and when the boss in the snap ring collides with the upper end face of the lower joint, the kinetic energy is transferred to the In the lower joint, the reciprocating hydraulic impactor applies an axial impact force to the drill bit while transmitting the torque of the drill pipe, and the lower spring completes the conversion of the stressed parts to form an impact action. When the pressure drop generated by the fluid on the impact head is too small to compress the lower spring, the lower spring supports the upper device, that is, the lower spring is used to balance the self-weight and hydraulic force of the moving parts of the impactor on the shaft. to the role. Then the snap ring, the inner sleeve and the lower joint are in a non-action state, and the reciprocating hydraulic impactor only transmits the torque. The lower spring is connected with the lower part of the casing and the lower joint to realize the support of the lower end device and the reset during impact, and the upper and lower parts complete the entire impact process. One end of the snap ring is limited by the impact head, and the other end is limited by the boss in the inner sleeve to limit its axial displacement. The inner sleeve and the lower joint are fixedly connected by threads.

本发明采用的技术方案是根据钻井过程中地层岩石的特性,通过旋转头与冲击头的周期性闭合与交错控制液流作用在冲击头上的压力,再配合下弹簧的作用,为钻头提供脉动冲击力,达到提高破岩和碎岩的作用。涡轮组根据需要可采用不同的组数完成钻井液动能到机械旋转动能的转化;截面为六边形的动力轴上端与通过键连接涡轮组,下端与旋转头通过六边形方孔槽相连,完成动力的传递;旋转头和冲击头端面接触,扇形截面在相对旋转中完成周期性的闭合,实现液压的脉动规律,提供冲击动力;冲击头上下运动,通过撞击完成中间部分动力的传递;下弹簧一部分平衡下端机械结构的重力,一部分抵消由于液压降在机构上产生的压力作用,同时在工作状态时周期性的提供复位所需力作用。 The technical solution adopted in the present invention is to control the pressure of the liquid flow acting on the impact head through the periodic closing and interlacing of the rotary head and the impact head according to the characteristics of the formation rock in the drilling process, and then cooperate with the action of the lower spring to provide pulsation for the drill bit. The impact force can achieve the effect of improving rock breaking and rock breaking. Turbine groups can use different numbers of groups to complete the conversion of drilling fluid kinetic energy to mechanical rotational kinetic energy; the upper end of the power shaft with a hexagonal cross-section is connected to the turbine group through a key, and the lower end is connected to the rotary head through a hexagonal square hole groove. The power transmission is completed; the end faces of the rotating head and the impact head are in contact, and the fan-shaped section is closed periodically in the relative rotation, realizing the hydraulic pulsation law and providing impact power; the impact head moves up and down, and the power transmission of the middle part is completed through impact; Part of the spring balances the gravity of the lower mechanical structure, partly counteracts the pressure on the mechanism due to the hydraulic drop, and at the same time periodically provides the force required for reset in the working state.

本发明与现有技术相比,具有下列有益效果: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1.采用涡轮组作为旋转运动的源动力,通过不同涡轮组数的组合可以实现不同旋转速度,满足不同钻井地层岩石对冲击频率的需求。 1. The turbine group is used as the source power of the rotary motion, and different rotation speeds can be achieved through the combination of different turbine groups to meet the impact frequency requirements of rocks in different drilling formations.

2.冲击头中间设置阻尼孔,保证正常所需压降的同时,降低了在旋旋转头卡转时流道堵塞情况的发生。 2. A damping hole is set in the middle of the impact head to ensure the normal required pressure drop and reduce the occurrence of flow channel blockage when the rotary head is stuck.

3.旋转头上采用弹簧压紧,使得其在工作时能够和冲击头保证良好的接触状态,避免不必要的松脱造成无用功或工作状态异常。 3. The rotating head is pressed by a spring, so that it can ensure a good contact state with the impact head during work, and avoid unnecessary loosening resulting in useless work or abnormal working conditions.

4.下接头与外壳采用弹簧支撑连接,既能在正常工作和提钻时防止下接头的脱节,还能在震动冲击时提供有效的复位力。 4. The lower joint and the shell are connected by spring support, which can not only prevent the lower joint from being disconnected during normal work and lifting the drill, but also provide effective reset force when the vibration impacts.

5.整个装置采用机械结构,传动可靠且成本低,在井下恶劣的钻采环境下能够保证装置工作的有效性和安全性。 5. The whole device adopts a mechanical structure, the transmission is reliable and the cost is low, and the effectiveness and safety of the device can be guaranteed in the harsh drilling environment underground.

附图说明: Description of drawings:

结合附图进一步描述本发明。 The present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

图1往复式液动冲击器的内部结构示意图; Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor;

图2往复式液动冲击器旋冲配合部分旋转头下端面结构示意图; Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower end surface of the rotary head of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor with rotary impact;

图3往复式液动冲击器旋冲配合部分冲击头上端面结构示意图。 Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper end surface of the impact head of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor with rotary impact.

图中:1—上接头、2—导流套、3—涡轮定子、4—密封圈、5—涡轮转子、6—动力轴、7—挡环、8—挡圈、9—上弹簧、10—旋转头、11—滑动键、12—外壳上、13—冲击头、14—卡环、15—内套、16—下弹簧、17—密封圈、18—外壳下、19—下接头。 In the figure: 1—upper joint, 2—guiding sleeve, 3—turbine stator, 4—sealing ring, 5—turbine rotor, 6—power shaft, 7—retaining ring, 8—retaining ring, 9—upper spring, 10 —rotary head, 11—sliding key, 12—on the shell, 13—impact head, 14—clip ring, 15—inner sleeve, 16—lower spring, 17—sealing ring, 18—under the shell, 19—under the joint.

具体工作原理 Specific working principle :

往复式液动冲击器安装入井时,下接钻头,上接钻铤,两端均用与之钻井工具相配合的锥形螺纹连接,无需外加辅助连接工具。 When the reciprocating hydraulic impactor is installed into the well, the drill bit is connected to the bottom, and the drill collar is connected to the top. Both ends are connected by tapered threads that match the drilling tool, and there is no need for additional auxiliary connection tools.

参见附图,对往复式式液动冲击器的工作原理进行详细说明: Refer to the accompanying drawings for a detailed description of the working principle of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor:

正常工作状态下,钻井液经钻杆从往复式液动冲击器上端口流入内腔,冲击多组涡轮组的涡轮转子5,涡轮转子5在液流冲击下旋转,带动动力轴6旋转,动力轴6将涡轮组的转动转换成本身的扭矩,并将扭矩传递给旋转头10,旋转头10和冲击头13的配合面结构如图2、图3所示。动力轴6带动旋转头10转动时,冲击头13与旋转头10的扇形截面出现端面重合和端面交错两种工作状态。当旋转头10与冲击头13的扇形端面重合时,扇形端面外的两侧流道畅通,液体从两侧流道和阻尼孔流过,旋转头10与冲击头13处于流通状态;当旋转头10与冲击头13扇形端面交错时,侧流道被扇形端面堵塞,液体只能从阻尼孔流过,冲击头13通过滑动键11周向固定,轴向滑动,旋转头10和冲击头13相对旋转产生周期性闭合。 Under normal working conditions, the drilling fluid flows into the inner cavity from the upper port of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor through the drill pipe, and impacts the turbine rotors 5 of multiple sets of turbine groups. The turbine rotors 5 rotate under the impact of the fluid flow, driving the power shaft 6 to rotate, and the power The shaft 6 converts the rotation of the turbine group into its own torque, and transmits the torque to the swivel head 10. The mating surface structure of the swivel head 10 and the impact head 13 is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 . When the power shaft 6 drives the rotary head 10 to rotate, the fan-shaped cross-sections of the impact head 13 and the rotary head 10 appear in two working states: overlapped end faces and staggered end faces. When the fan-shaped end faces of the rotating head 10 and the impact head 13 overlap, the flow channels on both sides outside the fan-shaped end faces are unblocked, and the liquid flows through the flow channels and damping holes on both sides, and the rotating head 10 and the impact head 13 are in a state of communication; when the rotating head When 10 intersects with the fan-shaped end face of the impact head 13, the side channel is blocked by the fan-shaped end face, and the liquid can only flow through the damping hole. The impact head 13 is fixed in the circumferential direction by the sliding key 11 and slides axially. The rotating head 10 and the impact head 13 are opposite Rotation produces periodic closures.

在开流工作时,钻井液经过涡轮组流经挡圈8进入,由于侧流道打开,钻井液可同时从旋转头10与冲击头13端面重合形成的侧流道和旋转头10一端上开的阻尼孔流过,然后通过冲击器内腔下半部中间流道从下接头流出。此时,整个过流面积大,压损较小,流体在冲击头13上产生的压降力较小,不足以压缩下弹簧16,此时,下弹簧16实现对上端装置的支撑作用,则卡环14、内套15和下接头19处于不动作状态,往复式液动冲击器仅传递扭矩作用。当旋转头10和冲击头13处于闭合状态时,钻井液经过上接头、涡轮组、挡圈、旋转头10、冲击头13、内套15、下接头19,流出冲击器。由于侧流道堵住,钻井液仅通过旋转头一端上开的阻尼孔流入冲击头10的中间阻尼孔,过流面积减小,压损较大,作用的压降力较大,超过下弹簧16的支撑力,则压缩下弹簧16向下运动,当冲击头13运动到撞击内套15时,传递动能给下接头19,往复式液动冲击器在传递钻杆扭矩的同时,给钻头施加轴向冲击力。随着钻井液的不断流动,涡轮组的不断转动,旋转头和冲击头的周期性闭合,往复式液动冲击器的卡环、内套和下接头相互运动不断实现冲击动作,给钻头施加脉冲力,完成旋转和往复冲击复合破岩钻井的整个过程。 When working in open flow, the drilling fluid flows through the turbine group and enters through the retaining ring 8. Since the side channel is opened, the drilling fluid can simultaneously flow from the side channel formed by the overlapping of the end faces of the rotary head 10 and the impact head 13 and from one end of the rotary head 10. The damping hole flows through, and then flows out from the lower joint through the middle flow channel in the lower half of the impactor inner cavity. At this time, the entire flow area is large, the pressure loss is small, and the pressure drop force generated by the fluid on the impact head 13 is small, which is not enough to compress the lower spring 16. At this time, the lower spring 16 realizes the supporting effect on the upper device, then The snap ring 14, the inner sleeve 15 and the lower joint 19 are in a non-action state, and the reciprocating hydraulic impactor only transmits torque. When the swivel head 10 and the impact head 13 are in the closed state, the drilling fluid flows out of the impactor through the upper joint, the turbine group, the retaining ring, the swivel head 10, the impact head 13, the inner sleeve 15, and the lower joint 19. Due to the blockage of the side channel, the drilling fluid only flows into the middle damping hole of the impact head 10 through the damping hole opened on one end of the rotary head, the flow area is reduced, the pressure loss is large, and the pressure drop force is large, exceeding the lower spring. 16, the lower spring 16 is compressed and moves downward. When the impact head 13 moves to hit the inner sleeve 15, it transmits kinetic energy to the lower joint 19. The reciprocating hydraulic impactor applies torque to the drill bit while transmitting the drill pipe torque. axial impact. With the continuous flow of drilling fluid, the continuous rotation of the turbine group, the periodic closure of the rotary head and the impact head, the clasp, inner sleeve and lower joint of the reciprocating hydraulic impactor move with each other to continuously realize the impact action and apply pulses to the drill bit Force, complete the whole process of rotary and reciprocating impact compound rock-breaking drilling.

Claims (6)

1. one kind is applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well, comprise: top connection (1), flow guide sleeve (2), turbine stator (3), sealing ring (4), turbine rotor (5), line shaft (6), baffle ring (7), back-up ring (8), upper spring (9), swivel head (10), slide key (11), on shell (12), impact head (13), snap ring (14), inner sleeve (15), lower spring (16), sealing ring (17), under shell (18), lower contact (19), it is characterized in that: top connection (1) is threaded with (12) on shell, flow guide sleeve (2) is installed in top connection (1), line shaft (6) is connected with turbine rotor (5) key, line shaft (6) lower end and back-up ring (8) end contact, swivel head (10) is connected with line shaft (6) and compresses upper spring (9), impact head (13) is slidably matched by slide key (11) and (12) on shell, the bottom of impact head (13) and snap ring (14) end contact, inner sleeve (15) and lower contact (19) are threaded connection, and coordinate with snap ring (14) inner convex platform upper surface, compression lower spring (16), under shell, (18) are threaded with (12) on shell.
2. reciprocating hydraulic impacter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: turbine rotor (5) coordinates with turbine stator (3) end face locates, at the upper axial float of line shaft (6), turbine rotor number and turbine stator is several increases and decreases according to drilling liquid flow weight range, meets the demand of the different frequency of impact of impactor.
3. reciprocating hydraulic impacter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: upper spring (9) upper end is sitting on back-up ring (8) end face, lower end and swivel head (10) end contact, and be in compressive state all the time, in order to ensure that the end face between swivel head (10) and impact head (13) coordinates.
4. reciprocating hydraulic impacter according to claim 3, is characterized in that: impact head (13) is positioned at arranged concentric immediately below swivel head (10), and both end faces are sector crosssection and plane cooperation; Impact head (13) upper and lower side is all middle has cross section to be circular runner; Swivel head (10) one end has hexagon installing hole, and line shaft (6) is inserted in hexagonal hole, transmitting torque.
5. reciprocating hydraulic impacter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: lower spring (16) is sleeved in the annular space that (18) under lower contact (19) and shell formed, upper end and snap ring (14) end contact, lower end contacts with (18) under shell, for load-bearing and the reset of impactor moving component.
6. reciprocating hydraulic impacter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: snap ring (14) inside is provided with boss, inner sleeve (15) is ladder shaft member, it is inner that inner sleeve (15) is sleeved on snap ring (14), snap ring (14) one end is spacing by impact head (13), the other end relies on the boss in inner sleeve (15) to limit its axial displacement, inner sleeve (15) with lower contact (19) for screw thread is fixedly connected with.
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