CN103291214B - Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well - Google Patents
Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well Download PDFInfo
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- CN103291214B CN103291214B CN201310242299.7A CN201310242299A CN103291214B CN 103291214 B CN103291214 B CN 103291214B CN 201310242299 A CN201310242299 A CN 201310242299A CN 103291214 B CN103291214 B CN 103291214B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005755 formation reactions Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 280000711007 Swivel companies 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011257 shell materials Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000737 periodic Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reactions Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005500 petroleum industry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000023298 conjugation with cellular fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000021037 unidirectional conjugation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004886 head movement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 materials Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixtures Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particles Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000541 pulsatile Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phases Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of novel deep well hard formation drilling speed device, is that a kind of fluid power that relies on completely is to provide the hydraulic means of required drive.
Background technology:
Implement oil-gas exploration and development with petroleum industry, with Stabilizing Oil Production of Eastern China, development is western, deposit formation of marine facies in southern China sedimentary structure, petroleum industry institute drilling well is from now on more and more dark, and stratum age is more and more remote, rock is more and more hard, and ancient boring method can not meet the needs of production and engineering.When creeping into chance hard formation, drilling efficiency is low, and bit life is short, and drilling period is long, and cost is high.The problem improving deep drilling speed becomes the important topic of drilling well circle research, and ing technique solves one of most effective method of a hard-rock boring difficult problem.
In recent years, along with oil/gas drilling is to the development in deep, the difficult problem that hard formation creeps into became increasingly conspicuous, and the rock bit that in oilfield prospecting developing drilling well at present, still main employing is traditional, coordinate the rotary drilling technology of PDC drill bit and jet drilling device.When bore meet hard formation time, drilling efficiency is very low, and bit life is short, and drilling period is long, and cost is high, and ing technique is one of most effective method of a solution hard-rock boring difficult problem.At present, the impactor type of development has valve type positive interaction impactor, valve type reaction punch device, valve type doulde-action DTH hammer (containing valve type and the throttle type of living), jet flow type shocker, jet-suck impactor, air hammer, mechanical type impactor.These impactor basic modules comprise changement (piston, spring, seal, block stamp) and energy delivery mechanisms (hammering block, drill bit).In Process of Oil Well Drilling, downhole tool is in the complex working conditions such as drilling liquid pressure is high, temperature is high, solid content is high, the own motion frequency of instrument high (have up to 20Hz), solid phase particles contained by drilling fluid to the wearing and tearing of seal, kinematic pair along with well depth increases, downhole temperature raises, and the temperature arrising caused by friction adding upper piston high-frequency reciprocating motion generation also can cause seal premature failure; Equally, design unreasonable, material and technique defective, erosion damages by washing away at a high speed for liquid flow inlet or outlet, the impactor life-span general shorter (being no more than 80h).
Rotating drilling technology is the technology method that petroleum industry showed unique characteristics, can significantly improve drilling speed.This drilling technology is exactly on the basis of rotary drilling, then increases a hydraulic impacter, between drill bit and drill collar, to produce the impact force of high frequency periodic.This technology utilizes impactor high frequency hammering bit teeth to enter rock, and be aided with a kind of efficient rock-breaking that combined-breaking rock is carried out in rotation scraping.When creeping into, drill bit applies the shock loading of certain frequency on the basis of conventional the pressure of the drill and torsional interaction simultaneously to drill bit by impactor, and shaft bottom drill bit is fractured rock under impact and rotation acting in conjunction just, creeps into.Shown by test application, rotating drilling technology is advanced, practical, a reliable modern drilling technology.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of novel reciprocating hydraulic impacter of drilling well speeder, low to reduce hard formation drilling efficiency, bit life is short, and drilling period is long, high in cost of production problem, improves the efficiency of drilling well.
For realizing work object, general plotting of the present invention is: many group turbine groups provide as the power of reciprocating hydraulic impacter and install side by side with transmitting device.After drilling fluid enters impactor top connection from runner, through turbine group, turbine group converts the momentum of drilling fluid the moment of torsion of line shaft to.Be that rotary motion is delivered to swivel head by interlock between hexagonal line shaft by turbine group and cross section, first of line shaft driven rotary does 360 ° of continuous rotations motions.It is on hexagonal line shaft that upper spring is sleeved on cross section, one end and back-up ring end contact, the other end and swivel head end contact, and is in compressive state all the time, in order to improve the sealing effectiveness between swivel head and impact head.Be arranged on below swivel head, and the impact head coordinated with swivel head end face is static relative to line shaft, then, when line shaft driven rotary head rotates, impact head and the sector crosssection of swivel head occur that end face overlaps and the staggered two kinds of duties of end face.When swivel head overlaps with the fan-shaped end face of impact head, two side runners outside fan-shaped end face are unimpeded, and liquid flows through from two side runners and damping hole, and swivel head and impact head are in circulation status; When swivel head and the fan-shaped end face of impact head interlock, side runner is blocked by fan-shaped end face, and liquid can only flow through from damping hole, and swivel head and impact head are in closure state.Due to the drive of line shaft, thus complete all secondary closures and the circulation of swivel head and impact head.
When swivel head and impact head rotate to closure state, drilling fluid, through top connection, turbine group, back-up ring, swivel head, impact head, inner sleeve, lower contact, flows out impactor.Because side runner is blocked, drilling fluid flows into the centre bore of impact head by means of only the damping hole that swivel head one end is opened, and area of passage suddenlys change, and crushing is comparatively large, and the pressure drop power of effect is larger.When swivel head and impact head rotate to open position, drilling fluid, through top connection, turbine group, back-up ring, swivel head, impact head, inner sleeve, lower contact, flows out impactor.Because side runner is opened, drilling fluid can flow through from the swivel head damping hole that the side runner that formed and swivel head one end open that to overlap with impact head end face simultaneously, and greatly, crushing is less, and the pressure drop power of effect is less for area of passage.Thus complete the periodic size conversion of pressure drop power.
In the annular space that lower spring is formed under being sleeved on lower contact and shell, one end and snap ring end face are movable contact, and the other end contacts with under shell.Difference force acts directly on inner sleeve, the pressure drop produced on impact head when fluid increases, exceed the support force of lower spring, compression lower spring moves downward. lower spring and inner have the snap ring of one fixed width boss to be simultaneously compressed to the multidiameter being sleeved on snap ring inside when seeing the largest end face of inner sleeve, that is: impact head movement progress snap ring compression lower spring is to extreme position, when boss in snap ring collides lower contact upper surface, transmit kinetic energy to lower contact, reciprocating hydraulic impacter is while transmission drilling rod moment of torsion, to drill bit applying impact force vertically, lower spring completes the conversion of stressed part, form percussion action.The pressure drop power produced on impact head when fluid is less, is not enough to compress lower spring, and now, lower spring realizes supporting role to device for upper end, and namely lower spring is used for the effect in axis of the deadweight of balance-impact device moving component and fluid power.Then snap ring, inner sleeve and lower contact are in non-action state, the only transmitting torque effect of reciprocating hydraulic impacter.Lower spring with under shell and lower contact is connected, realize the reset when support of lower end device and impact, upper and lower two parts complete whole impact process.Snap ring one end is spacing by impact head, and the other end relies on the boss in inner sleeve to limit its axial displacement.Inner sleeve and lower contact are that screw thread is fixedly connected with.
The technical solution used in the present invention is the characteristic according to formation rock in drilling process, the pressure acted on Interleaved control liquid stream on impact head is closed by the periodicity of swivel head and impact head, coordinate the effect of lower spring again, for drill bit provides pulsatile impact power, reach the effect improving broken rock and detritus.Turbine group can adopt different groups to count up to into the conversion of drilling fluid kinetic energy to mechanical rotation function as required; Cross section is that hexagonal line shaft upper end is connected turbine group with by key, and lower end is connected by hexagon square hole groove with swivel head, completes the transmission of power; Swivel head and impact head end contact, sector crosssection execution cycle property closed in relatively rotating, realizes the pulsation rule of hydraulic pressure, provides dynamic impact problem; Impact head moves up and down, by having clashed into the transmission of mid portion power; The gravity of lower spring part balance lower mechanical structure, a part offsets the pressure effect because fluid pressure drop produces in mechanism, periodically provides the required power effect that resets time in working order simultaneously.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1. adopt turbine group as the driving source of rotary motion, can different rotation rates be realized by the combination of different turbine group number, meet different drilling stratum rock to the demand of frequency of impact.
2. in the middle of impact head, damping hole is set, while ensureing normal required pressure drop, reduces the generation of the runner stopping state when revolving swivel head card and turning.
3. swivel head adopts spring compression, make it operationally can ensure good contact condition with impact head, avoid unnecessary getting loose to cause idle work or duty extremely.
4. lower contact and shell adopt spring supporting to be connected, and can prevent the disconnection of lower contact, can also provide effective reset force when jerk when normally working and carry brill.
5. whole device adopts frame for movement, reliable transmission and cost is low, can the validity of assurance device work and safety under the drilling environment that down-hole is severe.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Further describe the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
The internal construction schematic diagram of the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of Fig. 1;
The reciprocating hydraulic impacter of Fig. 2 spins mating part swivel head lower surface structural representation;
The reciprocating hydraulic impacter of Fig. 3 spins mating part impact head upper end surface structure schematic diagram.
In figure: on 1-top connection, 2-flow guide sleeve, 3-turbine stator, 4-sealing ring, 5-turbine rotor, 6-line shaft, 7-baffle ring, 8-back-up ring, 9-upper spring, 10-swivel head, 11-slide key, 12-shell, under 13-impact head, 14-snap ring, 15-inner sleeve, 16-lower spring, 17-sealing ring, 18-shell, 19-lower contact.
specific works principle:
When reciprocating hydraulic impacter is fit into well, lower drill, above connects drill collar, and two ends all connect, without the need to additional auxiliary connecting tool by the tapered thread that drilling tool matches with it.
See accompanying drawing, the operating principle of reciprocating formula hydraulic impacter is described in detail:
Under normal operating conditions, drilling fluid flows into inner chamber through drilling rod from reciprocating hydraulic impacter upper port, impact the turbine rotor 5 of many group turbine groups, turbine rotor 5 rotates under liquid flow impact, line shaft 6 is driven to rotate, the rotation of turbine group is converted to the moment of torsion of itself by line shaft 6, and moment of torsion is passed to swivel head 10, and the fitting face structure of swivel head 10 and impact head 13 as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3.When line shaft 6 driven rotary 10 is rotated, impact head 13 and the sector crosssection of swivel head 10 occur that end face overlaps two kinds of duties of interlocking with end face.When swivel head 10 overlaps with the fan-shaped end face of impact head 13, two side runners outside fan-shaped end face are unimpeded, and liquid flows through from two side runners and damping hole, and swivel head 10 and impact head 13 are in circulation status; When swivel head 10 interlocks with the fan-shaped end face of impact head 13, side runner is blocked by fan-shaped end face, and liquid can only flow through from damping hole, and impact head 13 is fixing by slide key 11 circumference, slides axially, and swivel head 10 rotation relative to impact head 13 produces periodically closed.
When opening stream work, drilling fluid flows through back-up ring 8 through turbine group and enters, because side runner is opened, drilling fluid can flow through from swivel head 10 damping hole that the side runner that formed and swivel head 10 one end open that to overlap with impact head 13 end face simultaneously, is then flowed out from lower contact by impactor inner chamber Lower Half intermediate flow channel.Now, whole area of passage is large, crushing is less, the pressure drop power that fluid produces on impact head 13 is less, be not enough to compress lower spring 16, now, lower spring 16 realizes the supporting role to device for upper end, then snap ring 14, inner sleeve 15 and lower contact 19 are in non-action state, the only transmitting torque effect of reciprocating hydraulic impacter.When swivel head 10 and impact head 13 are in closure state, drilling fluid, through top connection, turbine group, back-up ring, swivel head 10, impact head 13, inner sleeve 15, lower contact 19, flows out impactor.Because side runner is blocked, drilling fluid flows into the middle damping hole of impact head 10 by means of only the damping hole that swivel head one end is opened, area of passage reduces, and crushing is comparatively large, and the pressure drop power of effect is larger, exceed the support force of lower spring 16, then compress lower spring 16 to move downward, when impact head 13 moves to shock inner sleeve 15, transmit kinetic energy to lower contact 19, reciprocating hydraulic impacter, while transmission drilling rod moment of torsion, applies axial impact force to drill bit.Along with the continuous flowing of drilling fluid, the continuous rotation of turbine group, the periodicity of swivel head and impact head closes, the snap ring of reciprocating hydraulic impacter, inner sleeve and lower contact are mutually moved and are constantly realized percussion action, apply impulsive force to drill bit, complete the whole process of rotation and reciprocating impact compound rock-breaking and well-drilling.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310242299.7A CN103291214B (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well |
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| CN201310242299.7A CN103291214B (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Be applicable to the reciprocating hydraulic impacter of hard formation drilling well |
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| CN103291214B true CN103291214B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN104563859B (en) * | 2013-10-13 | 2017-04-12 | 成都恩承科技股份有限公司 | Hydro-hammer |
| CN104266826B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2017-05-10 | 东北石油大学 | Experiment impactor and experiment method inside hydraulic oscillation axial shock chamber |
| CN104265160B (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-03-02 | 东北石油大学 | Hydraulic oscillation axial impact device |
| CN104675325B (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-03-01 | 陶德明 | The all-hydraulic down-the-hole rotary impact combined drill of rock-soil layer piling |
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| CN105239922A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-01-13 | 西南石油大学 | Local reciprocating type hydraulic-impact well drilling speed increasing tool |
| CN105298381B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-06-06 | 西南石油大学 | The mud motor of efficient rock-breaking is realized using complex vibration impact |
| CN105239921B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-04-06 | 东北石油大学 | A kind of hydraulic impacter |
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| CN106499340B (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of fluid power pulse generating unit and its operating method |
| CN106703699B (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-22 | 西南石油大学 | Pressure pulse realizes the oscillator of secondary pulse |
| CN106761386B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2019-04-02 | 长江大学 | A kind of drilling well auxiliary rock tool |
| CN107269219A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-10-20 | 西南石油大学 | Vane type drilling speed enhancing device |
| CN107448147A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-08 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Pipe nipple occurs for underground hollow type annular pulse |
| CN109162634A (en) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-01-08 | 北京工业大学 | High frequency axial pulse percussion drilling tool |
| CN110159189B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-04-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hydraulic composite impactor and control method thereof |
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