CN108441360A - 一种油污清洁剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种油污清洁剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108441360A CN108441360A CN201810363617.8A CN201810363617A CN108441360A CN 108441360 A CN108441360 A CN 108441360A CN 201810363617 A CN201810363617 A CN 201810363617A CN 108441360 A CN108441360 A CN 108441360A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- cleaning agent
- dirt cleaning
- grease dirt
- sodium
- Prior art date
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- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 125000005227 alkyl sulfonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001645380 Bassia scoparia Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 ethoxylated dodecyl alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylic benzylic alcohol Natural products OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005909 ethyl alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
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- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/08—Silicates
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- C11D3/2003—Alcohols; Phenols
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- C11D3/201—Monohydric alcohols linear
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- C11D3/2072—Aldehydes-ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11D3/38—Products with no well-defined composition, e.g. natural products
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
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- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种油污清洁剂及其制备方法，属于清洗剂领域。本发明，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温，继续搅拌，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌，降温至30~35℃，搅拌，即得油污清洁剂。本发明解决了目前一些油污清洁剂的有机溶剂虽然清洗作用较佳，但无杀菌功能，且清洗后的废液给环境造成了极大污染的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于清洗剂领域，具体涉及一种油污清洁剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
在日常生活中，人们经常会遇到一些重油污的物品，比如厨房的炊具、抽油烟机、灶台，特别在汽车维修、产品印刷、机械施工等领域，在金属表面存在油污现象十分普遍。在早期的重油污清洗过程中，多用汽油、煤油、柴油等有机溶剂型化学试剂作为清洗剂去除油污。这种类型的清洗剂对资源浪费严重，同时使用安全性低。在清洗技术落后、资源短缺以及传统思维难转变等多方面因素的影响下，工业企业对金属设备和管路进行去污清洗的方法，大多还是停留在机械清洗、高压水洗、有机溶剂清洗和化学酸洗等一些传统的阶段，一般采用汽油、柴油、煤油及丙酮、三氯乙烯、四氯化碳等有机溶剂，或者采用酸洗。虽然有一定的去油效果，但是清洗能力有限，无杀菌功能，且清洗后的废液给环境造成了极大污染。因此，生产出一种清洁效果更好能满足使用要求的清洁剂具有很大的市场需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题：针对目前一些油污清洁剂的有机溶剂虽然清洗作用较佳，但无杀菌功能，且清洗后的废液给环境造成了极大污染的问题，提供一种油污清洁剂及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下所述的技术方案是：
一种油污清洁剂，按质量份数计包括如下组份，5~10份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6~15份有机溶剂、6~10份香精、10~15份氯化钠、6~10份碳酸钠，其特征在于，还包括15~20份植物去污成分、8~15份表面活性剂；
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取30~40份地肤子，20~30份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过筛，取过筛颗粒，用70~80份乙醇浸提20~24h，减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用5~15份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯萃取，旋转蒸发，减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
所述表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
所述有机溶剂为丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
所述防腐剂为对羟基苯甲酸甲和对羟基苯甲酸乙酯中的任意一种。
所述碱性助剂为碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
所述油污清洁剂的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取20~35份丙酮、10~15份无水乙醇、8~15份仲烷基磺酸钠、3~5份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6~10份香精、10~15份氯化钠、6~10份碳酸钠、15~20份植物去污成分；
（2）于20~25℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌10~15min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至60~70℃，继续搅拌50~60min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌30~40min，降温至30~35℃，搅拌30~40min，即得油污清洁剂。
本发明与其他方法相比，有益技术效果是：
（1）本发明所制植物去污成分，采用对地肤子和芦荟的提取，地肤子中所含皂苷类化合物起泡性，乳化性好，可在不饱和脂肪酸共价键上发生一系列自由基反应，使得不饱和脂肪酸断裂为脂肪酸，在碱液中被皂化为具有去污功能的脂肪酸盐，芦荟所含蒽醌类化合物、萜类化合物、黄酮类化合物等有广谱抑菌效果，可杀灭细菌，且可消除内毒性，不会对环境造成污染；
（2）本发明所用阴离子表面活性剂仲烷基磺酸钠和非离子表面活性剂月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚复配使用，配伍性良好，既发挥了仲烷基磺酸钠良好的去污及乳化力，又月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚起泡性、分散性强的特点，减少了仲烷基磺酸钠刺激性强的缺点，在表面活化剂的作用下，降低了污垢和吸附表面的界面张力，使污垢被脱除；油污不溶于水的有机物，故用有机溶剂乙醇和丙酮的混合液，溶解油污便于清除；在清洁油污过程中，油脂在表面活化剂及去污成分的作用下，不饱和脂肪烃在空气中被氧化断裂成羧酸，部分油脂水解生成脂肪酸，在碱性水溶液中被皂化成具有去污功能的脂肪酸盐，也可进一步去污，不会造成环境污染。
具体实施方式
表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
有机溶剂：丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
防腐剂：对羟基苯甲酸甲和对羟基苯甲酸乙酯中的任意一种。
碱性助剂：碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取30~40份地肤子，20~30份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过80目筛，取过筛颗粒，用70~80份体积分数为95%的乙醇浸提20~24h，用旋转蒸发器将乙醇浸提液减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用5~15份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取，收集乙酸乙酯萃取液，用旋转蒸发器减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
一种油污清洁剂包括以下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取6~15份丙酮、 20~30份无水乙醇、8~15份仲烷基磺酸钠、3~5份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6~10份香精、10~15份氯化钠、6~10份碳酸钠、15~20份植物去污成分；
（2）于20~25℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌10~15min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至60~70℃，继续搅拌50~60min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌30~40min，降温至30~35℃，搅拌30~40min，即得油污清洁剂。
表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
有机溶剂：丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
防腐剂：对羟基苯甲酸甲。
碱性助剂：碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取30份地肤子，20份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过80目筛，取过筛颗粒，用70份体积分数为95%的乙醇浸提20h，用旋转蒸发器将乙醇浸提液减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用5份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取，收集乙酸乙酯萃取液，用旋转蒸发器减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
一种油污清洁剂包括以下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取6份丙酮、 20份无水乙醇、8份仲烷基磺酸钠、3份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6份香精、10份氯化钠、6份碳酸钠、15份植物去污成分；
（2）于20℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌10min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至60℃，继续搅拌50min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌30min，降温至30℃，搅拌30min，即得油污清洁剂。
表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
有机溶剂：丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
防腐剂：对羟基苯甲酸乙酯。
碱性助剂：碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取40份地肤子，30份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过80目筛，取过筛颗粒，用80份体积分数为95%的乙醇浸提24h，用旋转蒸发器将乙醇浸提液减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用15份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取，收集乙酸乙酯萃取液，用旋转蒸发器减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
一种油污清洁剂包括以下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取15份丙酮、30份无水乙醇、15份仲烷基磺酸钠、5份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、10份香精、15份氯化钠、10份碳酸钠、20份植物去污成分；
（2）于25℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌15min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至70℃，继续搅拌60min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌40min，降温至35℃，搅拌40min，即得油污清洁剂。
表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
有机溶剂：丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
防腐剂：对羟基苯甲酸甲。
碱性助剂：碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取35份地肤子，25份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过80目筛，取过筛颗粒，用75份体积分数为95%的乙醇浸提22h，用旋转蒸发器将乙醇浸提液减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用10份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯进行萃取，收集乙酸乙酯萃取液，用旋转蒸发器减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
一种油污清洁剂包括以下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取11份丙酮、 25份无水乙醇、11份仲烷基磺酸钠、4份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、8份香精、12份氯化钠、8份碳酸钠、17份植物去污成分；
（2）于23℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌12min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至65℃，继续搅拌55min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌35min，降温至33℃，搅拌35min，即得油污清洁剂。
对比例1：与实施例2的制备方法基本相同，唯有不同的是缺少植物去污成分。
对比例2：与实施例2的制备方法基本相同，唯有不同的是缺少表面活性剂。
对比例3：扬州市某公司生产的油污清洁剂。
选取需要清洁的目标金属物件分别浸渍在实施例与对比例所制备的油污清洁剂中，保持一段时间，之后取出目标材料，让其表面残余的本产品滴干净。之后用水冲洗干净，或者用压缩空气吹干，一个小时后再测试其防锈情况。评价标准参考GB/T12612~2005《多功能钢铁表面处理液通用技术条件》。测试结果见表1。
表1：
| 测试项目 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例4 |
| 油污去除率% | 98 | 99 | 98 | 92 | 96 | 60~67 |
| 杀菌率% | 98 | 97 | 98 | 96 | 95 | 40~43 |
| 侵蚀程度% | 3，轻锈 | 1，轻锈 | 2，轻锈 | 3，轻锈 | 8，轻锈 | 13~18中锈 |
由实施例的数据可知，实施例2为最优实施例，所获得的油污清洁剂综合性能最好。综合上述，本发明的产品值得大力推广。
Claims (6)
1.一种油污清洁剂，按质量份数计包括如下组份，5~10份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6~15份有机溶剂、6~10份香精、10~15份氯化钠、6~10份碳酸钠，其特征在于，还包括15~20份植物去污成分、8~15份表面活性剂；
植物去污成分的制备：按质量份数计，取30~40份地肤子，20~30份芦荟洗净晾干，粉碎，过筛，取过筛颗粒，用70~80份乙醇浸提20~24h，减压旋转蒸发浓缩至膏状物，取浓缩膏状物用5~15份去离子水稀释后用乙酸乙酯萃取，旋转蒸发，减压浓缩，即得植物去污成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述油污清洁剂，其特征在于，所述表面活化剂：取仲烷基磺酸钠和月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚，按质量比3：1混合，即得表面活化剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述油污清洁剂，其特征在于，所述有机溶剂为丙酮和乙醇按质量比2:1混合，即得溶剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述油污清洁剂，其特征在于，所述防腐剂为对羟基苯甲酸甲和对羟基苯甲酸乙酯中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述油污清洁剂，其特征在于，所述碱性助剂为碳酸钠和硅酸钠按任意比混合。
6.一种如权利要求1~5任意一项所述油污清洁剂的制备方法，其特征在于，该制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）按质量份数计，取20~35份丙酮、10~15份无水乙醇、8~15份仲烷基磺酸钠、3~5份月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、6~10份香精、10~15份氯化钠、6~10份碳酸钠、15~20份植物去污成分；
（2）于20~25℃，取丙酮与无水乙醇混合，搅拌10~15min，后依次加入仲烷基磺酸钠、月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、香精，升温至60~70℃，继续搅拌50~60min，得混合液，取氯化钠、碳酸钠、植物去污成分加入混合液，搅拌30~40min，降温至30~35℃，搅拌30~40min，即得油污清洁剂。
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| CN114516378A (zh) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-20 | 张家港华仁再生资源有限公司 | 一种报废汽车拆解回收利用工艺 |
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