CN108433009A - 一种速冻调制食品及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/066—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the materials not being transported through or in the apparatus with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
- A23B4/068—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the materials not being transported through or in the apparatus with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/14—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12
- A23B4/16—Preserving with chemicals not covered by groups A23B4/02 or A23B4/12 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B5/00—Preservation of eggs or egg products
- A23B5/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B5/00—Preservation of eggs or egg products
- A23B5/08—Preserving with chemicals
- A23B5/10—Preserving with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B7/0425—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
- A23B7/0433—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/148—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明属于速冻食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种速冻调制食品及其制作方法。通过合理设计加工工艺,严格控制配料、熟制和速冻三个步骤,提高速冻调制食品的品质;配料、熟制和速冻为整个工艺的三个关键控制点,通过严格控制此工艺条件,大大提高了调制食品的品质,防止微生物、细菌的滋生和繁殖,延长保质期;速冻保证食品中心温度在30min内迅速从‑1℃降到‑5℃,最后中心温度达到‑18℃以下,冻结速度快,形成冰晶均匀呈针状结晶体,能够完全保留食物的营养成分;速冻调制食品直接加热即可食用,方便快捷。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于速冻食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种速冻调制食品及其制作方法。
背景技术
速冻食品是通过急速低温(-18℃以下)加工出来的速冻食品,食物组织中的水分、汁液不会流失,而且在这样的低温下,微生物基本上不会繁殖,食品的安全有了保证。速冻食品Fast Frozen Food是将需速冻的食品,经过适当的前处理,通过各种方式急速冻结,经包装储存于-18℃—-20℃下(一般要求,不同食物要求温度不同)的连贯低温条件下送抵消费地点的低温产品,其最大优点完全以低温来保存食品原有品质(使食品内部的热或支持各种化学活动的能量降低,同时将细胞的部分游离水冻结,及降低水分活度),而不借助任何防腐剂和添加剂,同时使食品营养最大限度的保存下来。具有原食品美味、方便、健康、卫生、营养、实惠(错开季节,提升食品值,创造更高效益)的优点。
目前工业速冻食品的生产过程中,大多使用速冻隧道对食品进行冻结。先采用制冷剂对空气进行降温,再由冷空气直接食品与食品换热。因空气的导热性差,表面传热系数小,使得冻结速度慢,冻结效率低。现有速冻设备大多使用钢带连续式或双螺旋隧道冻结装置,此类设备投资多、占地大、效率低、冻结时间长、能耗高、干耗大,且大多适合厚度、粒径小的食品。
食品组织内冰晶的大小与分布情况对食品的质量有非常大的影响,而冰晶的大小与冻结速度有关。现有技术中速冻食品生产耗时30min,被冻结食品组织内冰晶颗粒大,生成速度慢,对食品质量影响较大。食品冻结过程中细胞会受到冰晶的挤压产生变形或破裂,从而破坏食品的组织结构,导致食品质量下降。
速冻调制食品是将需速冻的食品,经过适当前处理,通过各种方式快速冻结,经保证储存于低温下的产品。以谷物或豆类或薯类及其制品、畜禽肉及其制品、水产品及其制品、植物蛋白及其制品、果蔬及其制品、蛋及其制品、食用菌及其制品等为主要原料,配以辅料(含食品添加剂),经调味制作加工,采用速冻工艺(产品中心温度低于﹣18℃),在低温状态下贮存、运输和销售的预包装食品。
现有的速冻调制食品(主要为速冻菜肴),对于食品的制作步骤并没有设置关键控制点,导致生产的食品品质不稳定,冷冻工艺的控制直接影响食品的冻结速度,控制不好,可能会破坏食品的口感和营养,冷冻工艺没有设置关键控制点,导致食品在冷冻解冻循环过程中食物的口感有所欠缺,食物营养有所损失。因此,急需一种规范合理的速度调制食品制作方法。
发明内容
发明目的:为了克服以上问题,本发明的目的是提供一种速冻调制食品及其制作方法。
技术方案:本发明的目的在于提供一种抗冻效果好的速冻食品的制备方法,生产方法包括原辅料验收、原料预处理、分切、配料(CCP1)、熟制(CCP2)、冷却、内包装、速冻(CCP3)、外包装、入库冻藏、出厂检验、出厂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)确认原辅料来自合格供应商,检查每批次合格证明和检测报告,验收合格入库,不合格退回供应商;
(2)原料预处理后分切备用;
(3)严格按照配方称取原辅料;
(4)将步骤(3)称取的原辅料加入调味品进行熟制;
(5)将步骤(4)熟制的食物真空条件下冷却至40℃以下后进行真空内包装;
(6)将步骤(5)真空内包装的食物送入速冻库内进行速冻,冷冻温度为﹣30~﹣40℃,在30min内产品中心温度从-1℃降到-5℃,速冻后的产品中心温度达到-18℃以下;
(7)将步骤(6)速冻后的食物进行外包装;
(8)将经外包装的食物置于﹣18℃温度以下的冷库冻藏;
(9)成品出厂检验和出厂。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中原辅料预处理包括清洗、切片切丝、漂烫、腌渍、蒸煮、油炸、炒制、真空滚揉中的至少一种。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中原辅料包括牛肉、猪肉、禽肉、蔬菜、禽蛋和海鲜中的至少一种。
优选地,所述步骤(4)熟制采用直径为60cm的不锈钢蒸煮锅,温度为90-100℃,熟制时间为30-50min。
优选地,所述步骤(5)中真空内包装的真空压力为﹣0.05~﹣0.08MPa,时间为10-15s。
优选地,所述步骤(6)的速冻库规格为2.5m*2m*2.2m。
优选地,所述步骤(7)的外包装为采用气调式保鲜包装机进行包装,充入食品级惰性气体并将内包装内的氧气含量控制在体积计0.5%以下,所述的食品级惰性气体为氮气和二氧化碳的混合气体,其中氮气的体积百分含量为95-99%,二氧化碳的体积百分含量为1-5%。
上述技术方案可以看出,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明所述的速冻调制食品的制作方法,通过合理设计加工工艺,严格控制配料、熟制和速冻三个步骤,提高速冻调制食品的品质;配料、熟制和速冻为整个工艺的三个关键控制点,通过严格控制此工艺条件,大大提高了调制食品的品质,防止微生物、细菌的滋生和繁殖,延长保质期;速冻保证食品中心温度在30min内迅速从-1℃降到-5℃,最后中心温度达到-18℃以下,冻结速度快,形成冰晶均匀呈针状结晶体,能够完全保留食物的营养成分;速冻调制食品直接加热即可食用,方便快捷。
附图说明
图1为本发明的速冻调制食品的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明。
实施例1
一种抗冻效果好的速冻食品的制备方法,生产方法包括原辅料验收、原料预处理、分切、配料(CCP1)、熟制(CCP2)、冷却、内包装、速冻(CCP3)、外包装、入库冻藏、出厂检验、出厂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)确认原辅料来自合格供应商,检查每批次合格证明和检测报告,验收合格入库,不合格退回供应商;
(2)原料预处理后分切备用;
(3)严格按照配方称取原辅料;
(4)将步骤(3)称取的原辅料加入调味品进行熟制;
(5)将步骤(4)熟制的食物真空条件下冷却至40℃以下后进行真空内包装;
(6)将步骤(5)真空内包装的食物送入速冻库内进行速冻,冷冻温度为﹣30℃,在30min内产品中心温度从-1℃降到-5℃,速冻后的产品中心温度达到-18℃以下;
(7)将步骤(6)速冻后的食物进行外包装;
(8)将经外包装的食物置于﹣18℃温度以下的冷库冻藏;
(9)成品出厂检验和出厂。
所述步骤(2)中原辅料预处理包括清洗、切片切丝、漂烫、腌渍、蒸煮、油炸、炒制、真空滚揉中的至少一种。
所述步骤(3)中原辅料包括牛肉、猪肉、禽肉、蔬菜、禽蛋和海鲜中的至少一种。
所述步骤(4)熟制采用直径为60cm的不锈钢蒸煮锅,温度为90℃,熟制时间为30min。
优选地,所述步骤(5)中真空内包装的真空压力为﹣0.05MPa,时间为10s。
所述步骤(6)的速冻库规格为2.5m*2m*2.2m。
所述步骤(7)的外包装为采用气调式保鲜包装机进行包装,充入食品级惰性气体并将内包装内的氧气含量控制在体积计0.5%以下,所述的食品级惰性气体为氮气和二氧化碳的混合气体,其中氮气的体积百分含量为95%,二氧化碳的体积百分含量为5%。
实施例2
一种抗冻效果好的速冻食品的制备方法,生产方法包括原辅料验收、原料预处理、分切、配料(CCP1)、熟制(CCP2)、冷却、内包装、速冻(CCP3)、外包装、入库冻藏、出厂检验、出厂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)确认原辅料来自合格供应商,检查每批次合格证明和检测报告,验收合格入库,不合格退回供应商;
(2)原料预处理后分切备用;
(3)严格按照配方称取原辅料;
(4)将步骤(3)称取的原辅料加入调味品进行熟制;
(5)将步骤(4)熟制的食物真空条件下冷却至40℃以下后进行真空内包装;
(6)将步骤(5)真空内包装的食物送入速冻库内进行速冻,冷冻温度为﹣40℃,在30min内产品中心温度从-1℃降到-5℃,速冻后的产品中心温度达到-18℃以下;
(7)将步骤(6)速冻后的食物进行外包装;
(8)将经外包装的食物置于﹣18℃温度以下的冷库冻藏;
(9)成品出厂检验和出厂。
所述步骤(2)中原辅料预处理包括清洗、切片切丝、漂烫、腌渍、蒸煮、油炸、炒制、真空滚揉中的至少一种。
所述步骤(3)中原辅料包括牛肉、猪肉、禽肉、蔬菜、禽蛋和海鲜中的至少一种。
所述步骤(4)熟制采用直径为60cm的不锈钢蒸煮锅,温度为100℃,熟制时间为50min。
优选地,所述步骤(5)中真空内包装的真空压力为﹣0.08MPa,时间为15s。
所述步骤(6)的速冻库规格为2.5m*2m*2.2m。
所述步骤(7)的外包装为采用气调式保鲜包装机进行包装,充入食品级惰性气体并将内包装内的氧气含量控制在体积计0.5%以下,所述的食品级惰性气体为氮气和二氧化碳的混合气体,其中氮气的体积百分含量为99%,二氧化碳的体积百分含量为1%。
实施例3
一种抗冻效果好的速冻食品的制备方法,生产方法包括原辅料验收、原料预处理、分切、配料(CCP1)、熟制(CCP2)、冷却、内包装、速冻(CCP3)、外包装、入库冻藏、出厂检验、出厂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)确认原辅料来自合格供应商,检查每批次合格证明和检测报告,验收合格入库,不合格退回供应商;
(2)原料预处理后分切备用;
(3)严格按照配方称取原辅料;
(4)将步骤(3)称取的原辅料加入调味品进行熟制;
(5)将步骤(4)熟制的食物真空条件下冷却至40℃以下后进行真空内包装;
(6)将步骤(5)真空内包装的食物送入速冻库内进行速冻,冷冻温度为﹣35℃,在30min内产品中心温度从-1℃降到-5℃,速冻后的产品中心温度达到-18℃以下;
(7)将步骤(6)速冻后的食物进行外包装;
(8)将经外包装的食物置于﹣18℃温度以下的冷库冻藏;
(9)成品出厂检验和出厂。
所述步骤(2)中原辅料预处理包括清洗、切片切丝、漂烫、腌渍、蒸煮、油炸、炒制、真空滚揉中的至少一种。
所述步骤(3)中原辅料包括牛肉、猪肉、禽肉、蔬菜、禽蛋和海鲜中的至少一种。
所述步骤(4)熟制采用直径为60cm的不锈钢蒸煮锅,温度为95℃,熟制时间为40min。
优选地,所述步骤(5)中真空内包装的真空压力为﹣0.06MPa,时间为13s。
所述步骤(6)的速冻库规格为2.5m*2m*2.2m。
所述步骤(7)的外包装为采用气调式保鲜包装机进行包装,充入食品级惰性气体并将内包装内的氧气含量控制在体积计0.5%以下,所述的食品级惰性气体为氮气和二氧化碳的混合气体,其中氮气的体积百分含量为97%,二氧化碳的体积百分含量为3%。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进,这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:生产方法包括原辅料验收、原料预处理、分切、配料(CCP1)、熟制(CCP2)、冷却、内包装、速冻(CCP3)、外包装、入库冻藏、出厂检验、出厂,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)确认原辅料来自合格供应商,检查每批次合格证明和检测报告,验收合格入库,不合格退回供应商;
(2)原料预处理后分切备用;
(3)严格按照配方称取原辅料;
(4)将步骤(3)称取的原辅料加入调味品进行熟制;
(5)将步骤(4)熟制的食物真空条件下冷却至40℃以下后进行真空内包装;
(6)将步骤(5)真空内包装的食物送入速冻库内进行速冻,冷冻温度为﹣30~﹣40℃,在30min内产品中心温度从-1℃降到-5℃,速冻后的产品中心温度达到-18℃以下;
(7)将步骤(6)速冻后的食物进行外包装;
(8)将经外包装的食物置于﹣18℃温度以下的冷库冻藏;
(9)成品出厂检验和出厂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中原辅料预处理包括清洗、切片切丝、漂烫、腌渍、蒸煮、油炸、炒制、真空滚揉中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中原辅料包括牛肉、猪肉、禽肉、蔬菜、禽蛋和海鲜中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)熟制采用直径为60cm的不锈钢蒸煮锅,温度为90-100℃,熟制时间为30-50min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中真空内包装的真空压力为﹣0.05~﹣0.08MPa,时间为10-15s。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(6)的速冻库规格为2.5m*2m*2.2m。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种速冻面米食品的制作方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(7)的外包装为采用气调式保鲜包装机进行包装,充入食品级惰性气体并将内包装内的氧气含量控制在体积计0.5%以下,所述的食品级惰性气体为氮气和二氧化碳的混合气体,其中氮气的体积百分含量为95-99%,二氧化碳的体积百分含量为1-5%。
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CN110839923A (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-28 | 山西矿为食品科技有限公司 | 一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺 |
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