CN110839923A - 一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,属于矿用食品加工技术领域。包括以下步骤:1)原食材的卫生合格验收;2)将食材分类为固体类食材、流体或半流体类、小体积固体类;3)对分类的食材分别对应进行灭菌处理;其中,对固体类食材进行脉冲磁场杀菌;对流体或半流体类进行超高温杀菌;对小体积固体类进行电磁杀菌;4)取定量食材进行食品的加热制作;5)无菌冷却后均重装袋,并抽真空封口;6)将袋体分别置入餐盒内;7)将餐盒集中冷冻并外包装;8)将外包装的餐盒统一装入防爆冷藏箱里进库贮存。该工艺从无菌处理到冷冻储藏,设计合理,实用性强,为矿下就餐提供了一个比较成熟的食物加工系统,可有效协助食品加工企业降低运营成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及矿用食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种为煤矿井下“班中餐”提供无菌食物的矿用食品无菌加工工艺。
背景技术
目前,煤矿井下的矿工“班中餐”主要是靠矿工自己携带简易食品,或者通过地面做好熟食,然后保温送到矿下提供就餐。但是随着矿井的开采深度、地热的不断增加,矿下特异的高温高湿环境导致矿工经常不能及时地得到较好的就餐服务,含有菌种的食物很容易引发食物品质下降,甚至造成食物变质腐败,对矿工的身体健康产生不良影响。
针对上述已有技术状况,本发明申请人做了大量反复而有益的探索,最终产品取得了有效的成果,并且形成了下面将要介绍的技术方案。
发明内容
为此,本发明提供了一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,以解决现有技术中由于含有菌种的食物在矿下环境中易变质而导致的不利于矿工饮食安全的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:原食材的卫生合格验收;
步骤S2:将食材分类为固体类食材、流体或半流体类、小体积固体类;
步骤S3:对分类的食材分别对应进行灭菌处理;
其中,对固体类食材进行脉冲磁场杀菌;对流体或半流体类进行超高温杀菌;对小体积固体类进行电磁杀菌;
步骤S4:取定量食材进行食品的加热制作;
步骤S5:无菌冷却后均重装袋,并抽真空封口;
步骤S6:将袋体分别置入餐盒内,用以直接在餐盒内拆袋食用;
步骤S7:将餐盒集中冷冻并外包装;
步骤S8:将外包装的餐盒统一装入防爆冷藏箱里进库贮存,待到时取用。
进一步地,所述步骤S1的具体过程为:原食材验收,确认食物原料和辅料均来自合格供应商,检查原食材每批次的合格证明和检测报告。
进一步地,所述步骤S3中脉冲磁场杀菌的具体过程为:利用超高强度脉冲磁场发生器向螺旋线圈发出强烈的脉冲磁场,并使经过螺旋线圈的脉冲磁场对准固体类食材。
进一步地,所述步骤S3中超高温杀菌的具体过程为:将流体或半流体在2s-5s内加热到120℃,然后再迅速冷却到30℃-40℃。
进一步地,所述步骤S3中电磁杀菌的具体过程为:利用静电磁或紫外光辐射或交变磁场对小体积固体类食材进行杀菌。
进一步地,所述步骤S5的具体过程为:将无菌冷却后的食物均重200g装袋,袋体抽真空封口。
进一步地,所述步骤S6的具体过程为:将装有食物的餐盒集中快速冷冻,用以通过快速结冻,使食物形成的针状冰晶数量更多,冰晶分布接近天然食物中液体水的分布情况,食物的营养组分、口感及外观都保存更好。
进一步地,所述步骤S7的具体过程为:对餐盒进行包装检查,并进一步进行餐盒的外包装。
本发明具有如下优点:
1、该工艺从无菌处理到冷冻储藏,设计合理,实用性强,为矿下就餐提供了一个比较成熟的食物加工系统,可有效协助食品加工企业降低运营成本;
2、该工艺将食品经前期杀菌处理以及后续的炒制/蒸制后,实现了减菌化,每克食品细菌含量可降至10~80个,细菌含量少;
3、在无菌环境下将食品冷却并均重200g装袋,将食物袋体抽真空后封口,可防止细菌二次滋生,同时通过对每份食物定量,使不同食量的矿工可根据习惯选择定制餐份,防止因食物的配送数量不定而造成的过期变质等浪费,有助于协助食品加工企业降低生产成本;
4、将封口后的食品袋体分别装入餐盒,便于矿工直接在餐盒内拆袋食用;
5、将装有食物的餐盒集中快速冷冻的处理方式,综合来看具有以下优点:1)通过快速结冻,使食物形成的针状冰晶数量更多,冰晶分布接近天然食物中液体水的分布情况,食物的营养组分、口感及外观都保存更好;2)结冻食物受挤压的情况比较小,原有的形态和质地能更好地维持;3)储藏时间久,减少多次运输的成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明的实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,本说明书所绘示的结构、比例、大小等,均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容,以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读,任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整,在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下,均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。
图1为本发明实施例的整体流程示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中分类食材灭菌的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式,熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供了一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:原食材验收,确认食物原料和辅料均来自合格供应商,检查原食材每批次的合格证明和检测报告;
步骤S2:将原食材分不同种类进行杀菌处理,确保原料的品质(参考图2);
其中,当食材为固体类时,采用脉冲磁场杀菌方法。脉冲磁场杀菌技术是利用超高强度脉冲磁场发生器向螺旋线圈发出强烈的脉冲磁场,固体类食材受到强烈的脉冲磁场作用使得微生物细胞的细胞膜发生电位、离子能量化、感应电流等变化,导致细胞结构破坏,从而导致微生物死亡,与热杀菌相比,该方法具有杀菌时间短、能耗低、杀菌温度低、能保持原有食物的风味。
当食材为流体或半流体时,采用超高温杀菌方法。超高温杀菌技术是达到一种理想的效果,将流体或半流体在2s-5s内加热到120℃,然后再迅速冷却到30℃-40℃,以温度的快速变化杀死流体或半流体内的微生物。
当食材为小体积固体类时,采用电磁杀菌方法。电磁杀菌中的电磁场能对食品中的最小单位进行加工,有着其他加工方法无法替代的优越性,利用静电磁、电波、远红外线、紫外光辐射、交变磁场杀菌等可快速清除小体积固体类食材上不易杀死的微生物菌种。
步骤S3:按规定称取原食材,加入调味品进行炒制/蒸制等加热制作;
步骤S4:在无菌环境下将食品冷却并均重200g装袋,将袋体抽真空后封口,用以通过对每份食物定量,使不同食量的矿工可根据习惯选择定制餐份,防止因食物的配送数量不定而造成的过期变质等浪费,可降低成本;
步骤S5:将封口后的食品袋体分别装入餐盒,用以便于矿工利用矿下食品加热设备将食物加热后,可直接在餐盒内拆袋食用;
步骤S6:将装有食物的餐盒集中快速冷冻,用以通过快速结冻,使食物形成的针状冰晶数量更多,冰晶分布接近天然食物中液体水的分布情况,食物的营养组分、口感及外观都保存更好;同时结冻的食物受挤压情况也比较小,原有的形态和质地能更好地维持;
步骤S7:对餐盒进行包装检查,并进一步进行餐盒的外包装;
步骤S8:将包装好的餐盒统一装入防爆冷藏箱里进库贮存,待到时取用。
对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,根据本发明的教导,在不脱离本发明的原理与精神的情况下,对实施方式所进行的改变、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1:原食材的卫生合格验收;
步骤S2:将食材分类为固体类食材、流体或半流体类、小体积固体类;
步骤S3:对分类的食材分别对应进行灭菌处理;
其中,对固体类食材进行脉冲磁场杀菌;对流体或半流体类进行超高温杀菌;对小体积固体类进行电磁杀菌;
步骤S4:取定量食材进行食品的加热制作;
步骤S5:无菌冷却后均重装袋,并抽真空封口;
步骤S6:将袋体分别置入餐盒内,用以直接在餐盒内拆袋食用;
步骤S7:将餐盒集中冷冻并外包装;
步骤S8:将外包装的餐盒统一装入防爆冷藏箱里进库贮存,待到时取用。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S1的具体过程为:原食材验收,确认食物原料和辅料均来自合格供应商,检查原食材每批次的合格证明和检测报告。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S3中脉冲磁场杀菌的具体过程为:利用超高强度脉冲磁场发生器向螺旋线圈发出强烈的脉冲磁场,并使经过螺旋线圈的脉冲磁场对准固体类食材。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S3中超高温杀菌的具体过程为:将流体或半流体在2s-5s内加热到120℃,然后再迅速冷却到30℃-40℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S3中电磁杀菌的具体过程为:利用静电磁或紫外光辐射或交变磁场对小体积固体类食材进行杀菌。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S5的具体过程为:将无菌冷却后的食物均重200g装袋,袋体抽真空封口。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S6的具体过程为:将装有食物的餐盒集中快速冷冻,用以通过快速结冻,使食物形成的针状冰晶数量更多,冰晶分布接近天然食物中液体水的分布情况,食物的营养组分、口感及外观都保存更好。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种矿用食品无菌加工工艺,其特征是,所述步骤S7的具体过程为:对餐盒进行包装检查,并进一步进行餐盒的外包装。
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