CN108426586A - One kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method and calibrating installation - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光纤陀螺带宽测试校准方法及校准装置。所述方法选择光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动频率，对于角运动频率校准，在不同的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的输入频率下，对双频激光干涉仪的测量信号和光纤陀螺输出信号进行归一化和傅里叶变换处理，通过比较光纤陀螺带宽测试仪测试结果和双频激光干涉仪校准测试出的带宽，对光纤陀螺带宽测试结果进行校准。校准装置，包括角振动激励系统、标准角运动测量系统、被校传感器测量系统、数据采集与处理系统。本发明利用双频激光干涉测量具有溯源性好、响应速度快、非接触测量和高精度的特点，对角振动进行高精度绝对测量与校准，满足带宽测试需求，解决了测试准确性和效率不足、测试结果无法溯源的问题。
The invention discloses a fiber optic gyroscope-based bandwidth test calibration method and a calibration device. The method selects the motion frequency of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, and for angular motion frequency calibration, under different input frequencies of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, the measurement signal of the dual-frequency laser interferometer and the output signal of the fiber optic gyroscope are normalized and summed Fourier transform processing, by comparing the test results of the fiber optic gyro bandwidth tester with the bandwidth measured by the dual-frequency laser interferometer calibration, the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth test results are calibrated. Calibration device, including angular vibration excitation system, standard angular motion measurement system, calibrated sensor measurement system, data acquisition and processing system. The present invention uses dual-frequency laser interferometry to have the characteristics of good traceability, fast response, non-contact measurement and high precision, and performs high-precision absolute measurement and calibration of angular vibration, which meets the bandwidth test requirements and solves the lack of test accuracy and efficiency. , The problem that the test results cannot be traced.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于光纤陀螺测试校准领域，尤其是涉及一种基于光纤陀螺带宽测试校准方法及校准装置。The invention belongs to the field of fiber optic gyroscope test and calibration, and in particular relates to a fiber optic gyroscope-based bandwidth test and calibration method and calibration device.
背景技术Background technique
光纤陀螺是一种新型的角速度传感器，具有全固态结构、抗冲击振动，动态范围大、易于实现数字化结构等特点，逐渐成为惯性技术的一种重要元件，在载体控制、惯性导航等领域有着广泛的应用。其工作原理是基于Sagnac效应，当光纤陀螺旋转，干涉仪内部就会产生一个正比于旋转角速度的相位差，通过检测出相应的相位差即可以得到旋转角速度。Fiber optic gyroscope is a new type of angular velocity sensor. It has the characteristics of all-solid structure, shock resistance, large dynamic range, and easy realization of digital structure. Applications. Its working principle is based on the Sagnac effect. When the fiber optic gyro rotates, a phase difference proportional to the rotational angular velocity will be generated inside the interferometer, and the rotational angular velocity can be obtained by detecting the corresponding phase difference.
光纤陀螺的频率特性是指光纤陀螺对不同频率角运动输入的响应特性，包括幅频特性和相频特性。而光纤陀螺的带宽是指在测得的幅频特性中幅值降低至3dB所对应的频率范围，反映了光纤陀螺对外界动态角运动的敏感能力。在飞行器高速飞行的过程中，角速度测量的实时性直接影响了其导航精度，因此要求光纤陀螺具有高的频带宽度。所以频率特性对光纤陀螺的应用系统性能发挥起着关键的作用，是表征光纤陀螺动态性能的重要指标。The frequency characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope refer to the response characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope to the input of angular motion at different frequencies, including amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics. The bandwidth of the fiber optic gyroscope refers to the frequency range corresponding to the amplitude reduction to 3dB in the measured amplitude-frequency characteristics, which reflects the sensitivity of the fiber optic gyroscope to the external dynamic angular motion. During the high-speed flight of the aircraft, the real-time performance of angular velocity measurement directly affects its navigation accuracy, so the fiber optic gyroscope is required to have a high frequency bandwidth. Therefore, the frequency characteristic plays a key role in the performance of the application system of the fiber optic gyroscope, and is an important index to characterize the dynamic performance of the fiber optic gyroscope.
对光纤陀螺的频率特性测试的方法主要有角振动台和仿真算法两种方法。现有的角振动台通常是针对机械陀螺设计，最高输出角振动频率为百赫兹量级，不能满足光纤陀螺的全频带测试要求。同时仿真法与光纤陀螺的实际应用状态有很大的区别，只能是研制时的理论评估方法和一种静态测试，而不能作为实际产品的评定与检验方法。There are mainly two methods for testing the frequency characteristics of fiber optic gyroscopes: angular vibration table and simulation algorithm. Existing angular vibration tables are usually designed for mechanical gyroscopes, and the highest output angular vibration frequency is on the order of 100 Hz, which cannot meet the full-band test requirements of fiber optic gyroscopes. At the same time, there is a big difference between the simulation method and the actual application state of the fiber optic gyroscope. It can only be a theoretical evaluation method and a static test during development, and cannot be used as an evaluation and inspection method for actual products.
目前已研制出了一种1000Hz的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪，基本满足了光纤陀螺的带宽测试需求，但测试准确性和效率方面存在不足，且测试结果无法进行溯源，故需开展对光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准技术研究。根据GJB 2426A-2004《光纤陀螺仪测试方法》可知，光纤陀螺带宽测试校准即需要对光纤陀螺的角运动幅度和角运动频率测试进行校准。At present, a 1000Hz fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester has been developed, which basically meets the bandwidth test requirements of fiber optic gyroscopes, but there are deficiencies in test accuracy and efficiency, and the test results cannot be traced back, so it is necessary to carry out fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth testing Instrument calibration technology research. According to GJB 2426A-2004 "Testing Method for Fiber Optic Gyroscope", it can be known that the bandwidth test and calibration of fiber optic gyroscope needs to calibrate the angular motion amplitude and angular motion frequency test of the fiber optic gyroscope.
校准主要分为比较法和绝对法，区别在于传感器输入的获得方式。如果评价传感器输入的方式由更高精度的传感器给出，即为比较法，若直接溯源于基本量，则为绝对法。由于激光波长作为目前长度量值的自然基准，采用激光干涉的测量方法具有溯源性好、响应速度快、非接触测量和高精度的特点，采用激光干涉技术的绝对法校准已经成为振动计量的基本共识，要实现量值溯源，必需建立绝对法标准装置。Calibration is mainly divided into comparative method and absolute method, the difference lies in the way the sensor input is obtained. If the way to evaluate the sensor input is given by a higher precision sensor, it is a comparative method, and if it is directly traceable from the basic quantity, it is an absolute method. Since the laser wavelength is the natural benchmark of the current length value, the measurement method using laser interferometry has the characteristics of good traceability, fast response, non-contact measurement and high precision. The absolute calibration method using laser interferometry has become the basic of vibration measurement There is a consensus that in order to realize the traceability of the quantity value, it is necessary to establish an absolute method standard device.
双频激光干涉仪是六十年代末七十年代初问世的一种激光干涉仪。它是以稳频的双频氦氖激光器作为光源，按照拍频原理工作的，在专用的电子计算机配合下，它能在较差的环境中，以相当高的精度完成其他常规激光干涉仪所不能完成的测量工作。相比单频激光干涉仪，双频激光干涉仪是一种外差式干涉仪，整个系统是交流系统，克服了单频激光干涉仪测量信号直流漂移的问题，抗干扰能力更强。The dual-frequency laser interferometer is a kind of laser interferometer that came out in the late 1960s and early 1970s. It uses a frequency-stabilized dual-frequency helium-neon laser as the light source, and works according to the beat frequency principle. With the cooperation of a dedicated computer, it can complete the tasks of other conventional laser interferometers with high precision in a poor environment. Measurement work that cannot be done. Compared with the single-frequency laser interferometer, the dual-frequency laser interferometer is a heterodyne interferometer, and the whole system is an AC system, which overcomes the problem of DC drift of the signal measured by the single-frequency laser interferometer, and has stronger anti-interference ability.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种基于光纤陀螺带宽测试校准方法及校准装置，具有精度高、宽频带、可溯源、抗环境干扰能力强的优点，可以迅速推广应用。In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a fiber optic gyroscope-based bandwidth testing calibration method and calibration device, which has the advantages of high precision, wide frequency band, traceability, and strong anti-environmental interference ability, and can be rapidly popularized and applied.
一种基于光纤陀螺带宽测试校准方法，包括以下几个步骤：A method for testing and calibrating based on fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth, comprising the following steps:
步骤一：选择光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动频率，根据多普勒效应，当测量棱镜移动时，反射光频率会变化±fd，在双频激光干涉仪内部实现干涉，通过光电接收器采集测量信号，基准信号和测量信号在测量板卡中进行比较、积分获得周期数，从而获得棱镜线速度，再通过测量两角锥棱镜定点确定光束间距D，根据正弦定理将线速度转化成转动角度同时获得光纤陀螺转动角速度，从而获得光纤陀螺角运动幅度；Step 1: Select the movement frequency of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester. According to the Doppler effect, when the measuring prism moves, the frequency of the reflected light will change by ± f d . The interference is realized inside the dual-frequency laser interferometer, and the measurement signal is collected through the photoelectric receiver , the reference signal and the measurement signal are compared and integrated in the measurement board to obtain the number of cycles, so as to obtain the linear velocity of the prism, and then determine the beam spacing D by measuring the fixed points of the two-cornered pyramid prism, and convert the linear velocity into a rotation angle according to the law of sine. Rotate the angular velocity of the fiber optic gyroscope to obtain the angular motion range of the fiber optic gyroscope;
步骤二：对于角运动频率校准，利用铷原子钟为干涉信号解调器提供工作频率基准，然后通过解调器，得到角振动信号序列，进行数字频率分析，即可校准光纤陀螺角运动频率；Step 2: For angular motion frequency calibration, use the rubidium atomic clock to provide the working frequency reference for the interference signal demodulator, and then obtain the angular vibration signal sequence through the demodulator, and perform digital frequency analysis to calibrate the angular motion frequency of the fiber optic gyroscope;
步骤三：在不同的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的输入频率下，对双频激光干涉仪的测量信号和光纤陀螺输出信号进行归一化和傅里叶变换处理，获得光纤陀螺在频率ωi下的幅值增益Fi是光纤陀螺在ti时刻输出的单边幅值，FL是光纤陀螺在角振动台允许最低频率是输出的单边幅值，Gi＝0.707时对应的频率为ωc，频带宽度通过比较光纤陀螺带宽测试仪测试结果Bw1和双频激光干涉仪校准测试出的带宽Bw2，对光纤陀螺带宽测试结果进行校准。Step 3: Under different input frequencies of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, normalize and Fourier transform the measurement signal of the dual-frequency laser interferometer and the output signal of the fiber optic gyroscope, and obtain the frequency ω i of the fiber optic gyroscope Amplitude gain F i is the unilateral amplitude output by the fiber optic gyroscope at time t i , and F L is the unilateral amplitude value of the output of the fiber optic gyroscope at the lowest frequency allowed by the angular vibration table. When G i =0.707, the corresponding frequency is ω c , and the frequency bandwidth is By comparing the test result B w1 of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester with the bandwidth B w2 measured by the calibration of the dual-frequency laser interferometer, the test results of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth are calibrated.
一种采用所述方法的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的校准装置，包括角振动激励系统、标准角运动测量系统、被校传感器测量系统、数据采集与处理系统；A calibration device for a fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester using the method, comprising an angular vibration excitation system, a standard angular motion measurement system, a calibrated sensor measurement system, and a data acquisition and processing system;
所述的角振动激励系统用于光纤陀螺提供角运动输入；The angular vibration excitation system is used for the fiber optic gyroscope to provide angular motion input;
所述的标准角运动测量系统用于测量光纤陀螺标准角运动量；The standard angular motion measurement system is used to measure the standard angular motion of the fiber optic gyroscope;
所述的被校传感器测量系统即所述的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪，用于提供被校准的光纤陀螺角运动量值；The sensor measurement system to be calibrated is the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, which is used to provide the calibrated angular motion value of the fiber optic gyroscope;
所述的数据采集与处理系统用于采集并处理所述的标准角运动测量系统和所述的被校传感器测量系统获得的数据。The data collection and processing system is used to collect and process the data obtained by the standard angular motion measurement system and the calibrated sensor measurement system.
所述的包括角振动激励系统包括待测光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统和光纤陀螺，光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统承载光纤陀螺，并给光纤陀螺提供不同频率的角速度。The excitation system including angular vibration includes the motion system of the fiber optic gyro bandwidth tester to be tested and the fiber optic gyroscope. The fiber optic gyro bandwidth tester motion system carries the fiber optic gyroscope and provides the fiber optic gyroscope with angular velocities of different frequencies.
所述的标准角运动测量系统包括测量反射镜、温控系统、参考镜、偏振光分光器，其中测量反射镜、参考镜和偏振光分光器是双频激光干涉仪测量系统的组成部分，温控系统控制测试环境温度，减小环境因素导致的测量误差。The standard angular motion measurement system includes a measuring mirror, a temperature control system, a reference mirror, and a polarizing beam splitter, wherein the measuring mirror, the reference mirror and the polarizing beam splitter are components of a dual-frequency laser interferometer measuring system, and the temperature The control system controls the test environment temperature to reduce the measurement error caused by environmental factors.
所述的被校传感器测量系统包括光纤陀螺仪测控系统，用于分析计算光纤陀螺的频率特性并自动结算给出带宽测试结果。The sensor measurement system to be calibrated includes a fiber optic gyroscope measurement and control system, which is used to analyze and calculate the frequency characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope and automatically settle and give bandwidth test results.
所述的数据采集与处理系统包括平衡探测器、解调器、减法电路、细分采样电路、铷原子振荡器、低噪声电源和计算机测量软件，数据采集与处理系统对双频激光干涉仪输出的两路干涉信号进行探测与解调，通过平衡探测器抑制光功率漂移的影响，通过低噪声电源供电抑制电路噪声，通过细分采样电路保证干涉信号测量精度，通过铷原子振荡器保证采样频率的稳定性和可溯源性，双频激光干涉仪测量信号和光纤陀螺的输出信号在计算机进行傅里叶变换，将傅里叶变换后的峰峰值作为待测光纤陀螺与测振仪的输出。The data acquisition and processing system includes a balance detector, a demodulator, a subtraction circuit, a subdivision sampling circuit, a rubidium atomic oscillator, a low-noise power supply and computer measurement software, and the data acquisition and processing system outputs a double-frequency laser interferometer. The two-way interference signal is detected and demodulated, the influence of optical power drift is suppressed by a balanced detector, the circuit noise is suppressed by a low-noise power supply, the measurement accuracy of the interference signal is guaranteed by a subdivision sampling circuit, and the sampling frequency is guaranteed by a rubidium atomic oscillator Stability and traceability, the dual-frequency laser interferometer measurement signal and the output signal of the fiber optic gyroscope are Fourier transformed in the computer, and the peak-to-peak value after the Fourier transform is used as the output of the fiber optic gyroscope and vibrometer to be tested.
本发明的有益效果是：由上述所提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明校准原理基于激光干涉法，具有高精度、非接触、快响应、溯源性好等特点。对光纤陀螺带宽测试进行高精度绝对测量与校准，实现测量值溯源，建立光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准计量标准装置，为光纤陀螺的研制、生产和使用提供计量保障。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: from the above-mentioned technical solutions, it can be seen that the calibration principle of the present invention is based on laser interferometry, and has the characteristics of high precision, non-contact, fast response, and good traceability. Carry out high-precision absolute measurement and calibration for the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth test, realize the traceability of the measured value, establish a calibration measurement standard device for the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, and provide measurement guarantee for the development, production and use of the fiber optic gyroscope.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是双频激光干涉角幅度测量系统原理图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-frequency laser interference angle amplitude measurement system;
图2是光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the calibration device of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester;
图3是本发明采用的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准验证装置图；Fig. 3 is the calibration verification device diagram of the optical fiber gyroscope bandwidth tester adopted in the present invention;
图中，角振动激励系统1、标准角运动测量系统2、被校传感器测量系统3、数据采集与处理系统4、光纤陀螺带宽测试仪测控系统5，光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统6，测量角锥棱镜7，光纤陀螺8，温控系统9，参考镜10，偏振光分光器11，双频激光器12，高性能光功率计13，平衡探测器14，解调器15，减法电路16，细分采样电路17，铷原子钟振荡器18，低噪声电源19，计算机20。In the figure, angular vibration excitation system 1, standard angular motion measurement system 2, calibrated sensor measurement system 3, data acquisition and processing system 4, fiber optic gyro bandwidth tester measurement and control system 5, fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester motion system 6, measuring angle Axicon prism 7, fiber optic gyroscope 8, temperature control system 9, reference mirror 10, polarizing beam splitter 11, dual-frequency laser 12, high-performance optical power meter 13, balance detector 14, demodulator 15, subtraction circuit 16, fine sub-sampling circuit 17, rubidium atomic clock oscillator 18, low-noise power supply 19, computer 20.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的基本原理如图1所示。The basic principle of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
光纤陀螺带宽测试校准可分为角运动幅度校准和角运动频率校准。双频激光器产生个相互垂直的具有不同频率的偏振光，频率分别为f1和f2，一部分光在内部实现干涉，被内部光电接收器检测到参考信号，频率为f1-f2。同时一部分光通过偏振分光镜，按照偏振方向不同，两偏振光分离，f1光透过偏振分光镜，通过反射镜两次反射，投射到一个角锥棱镜上。而f2光从偏振分光镜反射到另一反射镜，在反射投射到另一个角锥棱镜上。当测试转台转动α角度时，一个角锥棱镜沿着光路移动L距离，另一个反射镜沿反方向移动L距离。根据多普勒效应，f1光反射回来的频率变为f1+fd1，f2光反射回来的频率为f1-fd2，其中 (v为角锥棱镜沿光轴移动的速度)。偏振光汇集，被光电接收器检测到测量信号为频率(f1-f2)+fd1+fd2。基准信号和测量信号在多功能数字相位卡进行比较、积分得到周期数N。式中，N1为在t时间内由偏振光f1引起的周期数，N2为在t时间内由偏振光f2引起的周期数。理想情况下，两个角锥棱镜的中点与带宽测试仪转台的旋转中心重合，因此角锥棱镜沿光路移动L的表达式为：式中，λ1为偏振光f1的波长，λ2为偏振光f2的波长。且λ1和λ2两波长近似相等。可以统一计为λ。根据上两式可推出光路移动距离L和周期数N之间的关系:根据正弦定理可得到转动角度α：另外也可获得带宽测试仪转台的角速度ω为： Fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth test calibration can be divided into angular motion amplitude calibration and angular motion frequency calibration. The dual-frequency laser generates polarized light with different frequencies perpendicular to each other. The frequencies are f 1 and f 2 respectively. Part of the light interferes internally, and the reference signal is detected by the internal photoelectric receiver. The frequency is f 1 -f 2 . At the same time, part of the light passes through the polarization beam splitter, and the two polarized lights are separated according to the different polarization directions. The f 1 light passes through the polarization beam splitter, is reflected twice by the mirror, and is projected onto a corner cube. The f 2 light is reflected from the polarizing beam splitter to another mirror, and then projected onto another corner cube. When the test turntable rotates α angle, one corner cube moves along the optical path for L distance, and the other reflector moves L distance in the opposite direction. According to the Doppler effect, the frequency of f 1 light reflected back becomes f 1 +f d1 , and the frequency of f 2 light reflected back is f 1 -f d2 , where (v is the speed at which the corner cube moves along the optical axis). The polarized light is collected and detected by the photoelectric receiver and the measurement signal is frequency (f 1 -f 2 )+f d1 +f d2 . The reference signal and the measurement signal are compared and integrated in the multifunctional digital phase card to obtain the cycle number N. In the formula, N 1 is the number of cycles caused by polarized light f 1 within time t, and N 2 is the number of cycles caused by polarized light f 2 within time t. Ideally, the midpoint of the two corner cubes coincides with the center of rotation of the turntable of the bandwidth tester, so the expression for moving the corner cube along the optical path L is: In the formula, λ 1 is the wavelength of polarized light f 1 , and λ 2 is the wavelength of polarized light f 2 . And the two wavelengths of λ 1 and λ 2 are approximately equal. It can be collectively counted as λ. According to the above two formulas, the relationship between the optical path moving distance L and the number of cycles N can be deduced: According to the sine law, the rotation angle α can be obtained: In addition, the angular velocity ω of the turntable of the bandwidth tester can also be obtained as:
对于角运动频率校准，利用高稳定度、可溯源的铷原子钟为干涉信号解调器提供工作频率基准，然后通过解调器的高采样率和适当的测试时间，得到准确的角振动信号序列，对其进行数字频率分析，即可得到校准的角运动频率。For angular motion frequency calibration, the high stability and traceable rubidium atomic clock is used to provide the working frequency reference for the interference signal demodulator, and then the accurate angular vibration signal sequence is obtained through the demodulator's high sampling rate and appropriate test time, Perform digital frequency analysis on it to obtain the calibrated angular motion frequency.
使用双频激光干涉法进行校准，可复现冲击加速度量值直接溯源与计量学的基本量——长度(激光波长)和时间(信号采集设备的时钟)，且在复现线运动量值时不依赖其他中间物理量，如力、应变等，作为中间确定，同时该方法独立绝对复现线运动量值，并以此作为参考量值去校准被校测试设备。不依赖于被校测试设备及其输出，不需对被校测试设备作任何假设，具有高精度、宽频带、可溯源的优点。同时使用双频激光干涉仪也提高了整个校准装置的抗环境干扰能力。Using dual-frequency laser interferometry for calibration, the value of shock acceleration can be directly traced back to the basic quantities of metrology - length (laser wavelength) and time (clock of signal acquisition equipment), and there is no difference when reproducing the value of linear motion Rely on other intermediate physical quantities, such as force, strain, etc., as an intermediate determination, and at the same time, this method independently reproduces the linear motion value independently, and uses it as a reference value to calibrate the calibrated test equipment. It does not depend on the tested test equipment and its output, and does not need to make any assumptions about the tested test equipment. It has the advantages of high precision, wide frequency band, and traceability. At the same time, the use of the dual-frequency laser interferometer also improves the anti-interference ability of the entire calibration device.
按照本发明进行光纤陀螺带宽测试校准的具体步骤为：According to the present invention, the specific steps of fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth test calibration are:
步骤一：如图3所示，将光纤陀螺仪通过安装夹具固定在光纤陀螺带宽测试仪上，带宽测试仪的振动轴平行于地垂线，对准精度在规定值内，光纤陀螺IRA平行于振动轴。同时双频激光干涉仪的测量反射镜合理固定在带宽测试仪的运动系统上，运动系统以正弦角速率θ＝θmsin(2πft)进行转动，光纤陀螺和测量反射镜7跟随运动系统6以相同的角速率进行转动。Step 1: As shown in Figure 3, fix the fiber optic gyroscope on the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester through the installation fixture, the vibration axis of the bandwidth tester is parallel to the vertical line of the ground, the alignment accuracy is within the specified value, and the fiber optic gyroscope IRA is parallel to Shaft of vibration. At the same time, the measurement mirror of the dual-frequency laser interferometer is reasonably fixed on the motion system of the bandwidth tester. The motion system rotates at a sinusoidal angular rate θ=θ m sin (2πft), and the fiber optic gyroscope and the measurement mirror 7 follow the motion system 6 to Rotate at the same angular rate.
步骤二：选择光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统6运动的频率和幅值，选择频率在10Hz到2倍频带宽度之间按对数间隔选取不少于10个点。振动幅值的选定应满足光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的要求，同时还要使运动平台和陀螺仪的角速度、角加速度在允许范围内。Step 2: Select the frequency and amplitude of the motion system 6 of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, and select no less than 10 points at logarithmic intervals between 10 Hz and 2 times the frequency bandwidth. The selection of the vibration amplitude should meet the requirements of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, and at the same time make the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the motion platform and gyroscope within the allowable range.
步骤三：因测试系统不能实现不同频率下相同峰值角速度输入，故测量输入光纤陀螺的角速度，并用光纤陀螺的输出除去角速度输入，得到“单位角速度输入”条件下的光纤陀螺的输出特性。又因测试系统输入角速度并不能保证是单一频率下的角速度，可能含有高频的信号影响待测光纤陀螺的角速度输入，用待测光纤陀螺的峰值与角振动传感器的峰值相比，不能准确反映“单位角速度输入”条件下的光纤陀螺在特定频率点的输出特性，故在处理过程中，不能用特定频率点的峰峰值，而是将特定频率点的光纤陀螺与带宽测试仪的输入进行傅里叶变换，将傅里叶变换后的峰峰值作为待测光纤陀螺与双频激光干涉仪的输出。从而获得光纤陀螺在特定频率ωi下的幅值增益Gi，由输入频率变化引起的陀螺输出衰减变化获得当Gi＝0.707时对应的频率为ωc，频带宽度从而对光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的测量结果进行校准。Step 3: Since the test system cannot achieve the same peak angular velocity input at different frequencies, measure the angular velocity of the input fiber optic gyro, and use the output of the fiber optic gyroscope to remove the angular velocity input, and obtain the output characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope under the condition of "unit angular velocity input". And because the input angular velocity of the test system cannot be guaranteed to be the angular velocity at a single frequency, it may contain high-frequency signals that affect the angular velocity input of the fiber optic gyroscope to be tested. Comparing the peak value of the fiber optic gyroscope to be tested with the peak value of the angular vibration sensor cannot accurately reflect The output characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope at a specific frequency point under the condition of "unit angular velocity input". Fourier transform, the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transform is used as the output of the fiber optic gyroscope to be tested and the dual-frequency laser interferometer. Thus, the amplitude gain G i of the fiber optic gyroscope at a specific frequency ω i is obtained, and the output attenuation change of the gyroscope caused by the change of the input frequency is obtained when G i =0.707. The corresponding frequency is ω c , and the frequency bandwidth is In this way, the measurement results of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester are calibrated.
如图2所示，光纤陀螺带宽测试仪的校准装置，包括角振动激励系统1、标准角运动测量系统2、被校传感器测量系统3、数据采集与处理系统4；所述的角振动激励系统1用于光纤陀螺提供角运动输入；所述的标准角运动测量系统2用于测量光纤陀螺标准角运动量；所述的被校传感器测量系统3即所述的光纤陀螺带宽测试仪，用于提供被校准的光纤陀螺角运动量值；所述的数据采集与处理系统4用于采集并处理所述的标准角运动测量系统2和所述的被校传感器测量系统3获得的数据。As shown in Figure 2, the calibration device of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester includes an angular vibration excitation system 1, a standard angular motion measurement system 2, a schooled sensor measurement system 3, a data acquisition and processing system 4; the angular vibration excitation system 1 is used for the fiber optic gyroscope to provide angular motion input; the standard angular motion measurement system 2 is used to measure the standard angular motion of the fiber optic gyroscope; the described sensor measurement system 3 is the described fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester, which is used to provide The calibrated angular motion value of the fiber optic gyroscope; the data acquisition and processing system 4 is used to collect and process the data obtained by the standard angular motion measurement system 2 and the calibrated sensor measurement system 3 .
如图3所示，光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准装置包括角振动激励系统1，角振动激励系统1由待测光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统6和光纤陀螺8组成，光纤陀螺带宽测试仪运动系统6承载光纤陀螺8，并给光纤陀螺8提供不同频率的角速度输入，光纤陀螺8则输出实际测量的角速度和频率。As shown in Figure 3, the calibration device of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester includes an angular vibration excitation system 1, and the angular vibration excitation system 1 is composed of the movement system 6 of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester to be tested and the fiber optic gyroscope 8, and the movement system 6 of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester It carries the fiber optic gyroscope 8 and provides the fiber optic gyroscope 8 with angular velocity inputs of different frequencies, and the fiber optic gyroscope 8 outputs the actually measured angular velocity and frequency.
光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准装置包括标准角运动测量系统2，角运动测量系统2由测量反射镜7、温控系统9、参考镜10、偏振光分光器11组成，其中测量反射镜7、参考镜10和偏振光分光器11是双频激光干涉仪测量系统的重要组成部分，温控系统9精密控制测试环境温度，减小环境因素导致的测量误差。The calibration device of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester includes a standard angular motion measurement system 2, and the angular motion measurement system 2 is composed of a measuring mirror 7, a temperature control system 9, a reference mirror 10, and a polarizing beam splitter 11, wherein the measuring mirror 7, the reference mirror 10 and the polarizing beam splitter 11 are important components of the dual-frequency laser interferometer measurement system, and the temperature control system 9 precisely controls the temperature of the test environment to reduce measurement errors caused by environmental factors.
光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准装置包括被校传感器测量系统3，被校传感器测量系统3由光纤陀螺仪测控系统5，光纤陀螺仪测控系统5主要的作用有：1、发出控制运动系统做正弦摆动的指令；2、给光纤陀螺和运动系统供电；3、通过信号采集模块采集光纤陀螺及角振动测量传感器的信号并打包送给上位机处理，信号采集模块容易更换，可以通过软件更新以适合多种型号光纤陀螺的测试；4上位机分析计算光纤陀螺的频率特性并自动解算，给出带宽测试结果。The calibration device of the fiber optic gyroscope bandwidth tester includes the sensor measurement system 3 to be calibrated, the sensor measurement system 3 to be calibrated by the fiber optic gyroscope measurement and control system 5, and the fiber optic gyroscope measurement and control system 5. Instruction; 2. Supply power to the fiber optic gyroscope and motion system; 3. Collect the signal of the fiber optic gyroscope and angular vibration measurement sensor through the signal acquisition module and package it to the host computer for processing. The signal acquisition module is easy to replace and can be updated through software to suit a variety of The test of the model fiber optic gyroscope; 4. The upper computer analyzes and calculates the frequency characteristics of the fiber optic gyroscope and automatically solves it, and gives the bandwidth test result.
光纤陀螺带宽测试仪校准装置包括了数据采集与处理系统4，数据采集与处理系统4由平衡探测器14、解调器15、减法电路16、细分采样电路17、铷原子振荡器18、低噪声电源19和计算机测量软件20组成，数据采集与处理系统4对双频激光干涉仪输出的两路干涉信号进行探测与解调，通过平衡探测器14抑制光功率漂移的影响，通过低噪声电源19供电抑制电路噪声，通过细分采样电路17保证干涉信号测量精度，通过铷原子振荡器18保证采样频率的高稳定性和可溯源性，双频激光干涉仪测量信号和光纤陀螺的输出信号在计算机20进行傅里叶变换，将傅里叶变换后的峰峰值作为待测光纤陀螺与测振仪的输出。The fiber optic gyro bandwidth tester calibration device includes a data acquisition and processing system 4, the data acquisition and processing system 4 consists of a balance detector 14, a demodulator 15, a subtraction circuit 16, a subdivision sampling circuit 17, a rubidium atomic oscillator 18, a low The noise power supply 19 and computer measurement software 20 are composed. The data acquisition and processing system 4 detects and demodulates the two-way interference signals output by the dual-frequency laser interferometer, and suppresses the influence of optical power drift through the balance detector 14. 19 power supply suppresses circuit noise, ensures the measurement accuracy of the interference signal through the subdivision sampling circuit 17, and ensures the high stability and traceability of the sampling frequency through the rubidium atomic oscillator 18. The dual-frequency laser interferometer measurement signal and the output signal of the fiber optic gyro are in the The computer 20 performs Fourier transform, and uses the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transform as the output of the optical fiber gyroscope and vibrometer to be tested.
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| CN109631948A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of optical fiber transfer device and method for total station calibration |
| CN109631948B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-06-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十一研究所 | Optical fiber transmission device and method for total station calibration |
| CN110988401A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-10 | 蚌埠学院 | Photoelectric accelerometer calibration method and system |
| CN111307180A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 国网河南省电力公司信息通信公司 | Method for reducing power supply noise of optical balance receiver for optical cable detection |
| CN111307180B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-10-15 | 国网河南省电力公司信息通信公司 | A method for reducing power supply noise of an optically balanced receiver for optical cable detection |
| CN112113746A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-22 | 广州广电计量检测股份有限公司 | Calibration method and calibration system of light source stroboscopic tester based on external modulation light source method |
| CN113252071A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-13 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Critical angle acceleration test system and test method based on double fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN113252070A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-13 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Double-fiber gyroscope bandwidth test system and test method |
| CN113252070B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-09-27 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Double-fiber gyroscope bandwidth test system and test method |
| CN113237491A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-10 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Frequency characteristic testing device and method of digital gyroscope |
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