CN108426586A - One kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method and calibrating installation - Google Patents
One kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method and calibrating installation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108426586A CN108426586A CN201810489326.3A CN201810489326A CN108426586A CN 108426586 A CN108426586 A CN 108426586A CN 201810489326 A CN201810489326 A CN 201810489326A CN 108426586 A CN108426586 A CN 108426586A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method and calibrating installation.The method selects optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument motion frequency, for angular movement frequency calibration, under the input frequency of different optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument, the measuring signal and Optical Fiber Gyroscope of two-frequency laser interferometer are normalized and Fourier transformation is handled, by comparing the bandwidth that optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument test result and two-frequency laser interferometer calibration test go out, optical fibre gyro bandwidth test result is calibrated.Calibrating installation, including angular oscillation excitation system, standard angle movement measurement system, corrected sensor measuring system, data Collection ＆ Processing System.The present invention has the characteristics that good traceability, fast response time, non-cpntact measurement and high-precision using double-frequency laser interferometry, high-precision absolute measurement and calibration are carried out to angular oscillation, meet bandwidth test demand, solves the problems, such as that test accuracy and efficiency deficiency, test result can not trace to the source.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fibre gyro detection calibration fields, are calibrated based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test more particularly, to one kind
Method and calibrating installation.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is a kind of novel angular-rate sensor, has structure of whole solid state, anti shock and vibration, dynamic range
Greatly, the features such as being easily achieved Digitized Structure is increasingly becoming a kind of critical elements of inertial technology, is led in carrier control, inertia
The fields such as boat have a wide range of applications.Its operation principle is to be based on Sagnac effects, and when optical fibre gyro rotates, interferometer inside is just
A phase difference for being proportional to angular velocity of rotation is will produce, by detecting that corresponding phase difference can obtain rotation angle speed
Degree.
The frequency characteristic of optical fibre gyro refers to the response characteristic that optical fibre gyro inputs different frequency angular movement, including amplitude-frequency
Characteristic and phase-frequency characteristic.And the bandwidth of optical fibre gyro refers to that amplitude is reduced to the frequency corresponding to 3dB in the amplitude versus frequency characte measured
Rate range reflects the sensitive capability that optical fibre gyro moves extraneous dynamic angular.During aircraft high-speed flight, angle speed
The real-time that degree measures directly affects its navigation accuracy, therefore it is required that optical fibre gyro has high frequency bandwidth.So frequency
Characteristic plays a key role the application system performance performance of optical fibre gyro, is the important finger for characterizing dynamic property of optical fiber gyroscope
Mark.
Mainly there are two methods of angle vibration table and simulation algorithm to the method for the frequency characteristic test of optical fibre gyro.It is existing
Angle vibration table is typically to be designed for mechanical gyro, and highest output angle vibration frequency is hundred hertz of magnitudes, cannot meet optical fiber top
The Whole frequency band test request of spiral shell.Simulation method and the realistic application conditions of optical fibre gyro make a big difference simultaneously, can only develop
When theoretical appraisal method and a kind of static test, and cannot function as evaluation and the method for inspection of actual product.
A kind of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument of 1000Hz is had developed at present, has substantially met the bandwidth of optical fibre gyro
Testing requirement, but Shortcomings in terms of test accuracy and efficiency, and test result can not trace to the source, therefore need to carry out to optical fiber
Bandwidth of gyro tester Research on Calibration Technology.According to GJB 2426A-2004《Method for testing optical fiber gyroscope》It is found that optical fiber top
The wide detection calibration of ribbon is that angular movement amplitude to optical fibre gyro and angular movement frequency test is needed to calibrate.
Calibration is broadly divided into comparison method and absolute method, and difference lies in the acquisition patterns of sensor input.If evaluation sensing
The mode of device input is provided by the sensor of higher precision, as comparison method, if directlying trace fundamental quantity, for absolute method.
Natural reference due to optical maser wavelength as current length magnitude, the sound good with traceability using the measurement method of laser interference
Fast speed, non-cpntact measurement and high-precision feature are answered, vibrometer is had become using the absolute calibration of laser interferometry
The basic Consensus of amount will realize magnitude tracing, it is necessary to establish absolute method standard set-up.
Two-frequency laser interferometer is a kind of laser interferometer that the late sixties early seventies come out.It is with frequency stabilization
Double frequency He-Ne laser is as light source, and according to beat principle work, under the cooperation of dedicated electronic computer, it can be poor
Environment in, complete the measurement work that other conventional laser interferometers cannot be completed with substantially high accuracy.Swash compared to single-frequency
Optical interferometer, two-frequency laser interferometer are a kind of heterodyne interferometers, and whole system is AC system, and it is dry to overcome single-frequency laser
The problem of interferometer measuring signal dc shift, anti-interference ability is stronger.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind is calibrated based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test
Method and calibrating installation, have the advantages that precision height, broadband, can trace to the source, environment resistant interference performance it is strong, can promote rapidly and answer
With.
One kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method, including following steps：
Step 1：Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument motion frequency is selected, according to Doppler effect, when measuring prism moves
When, reflection light frequency can change ± fd, interference is realized inside two-frequency laser interferometer, is acquired by photelectric receiver and is measured letter
Number, reference signal and measuring signal are compared in measuring board, integrate acquisition periodicity, to obtain prism linear velocity,
Beam separation D is determined by measuring two prism of corner cubes fixed point, linear velocity is converted to simultaneously by rotational angle according to sine again
Optical fibre gyro rotational angular velocity is obtained, to obtain optical fibre gyro angular movement amplitude；
Step 2：For angular movement frequency calibration, working frequency base is provided for interference signal demodulator using rubidium atomic clock
Standard obtains angular oscillation signal sequence then by demodulator, carries out digital frequency analysis, you can calibration optical fibre gyro angular movement
Frequency；
Step 3：Under the input frequency of different optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument, the measurement to two-frequency laser interferometer
Signal and Optical Fiber Gyroscope are normalized to be handled with Fourier transformation, obtains optical fibre gyro in frequencies omegaiUnder width
It is worth gainFiIt is optical fibre gyro in tiThe unilateral amplitude of moment output, FLIt is that optical fibre gyro is minimum in angle vibration table permission
Frequency is the unilateral amplitude of output, GiCorresponding frequency is ω when=0.707c, frequency bandwidthBy comparing optical fiber
Bandwidth of gyro tester test result Bw1The bandwidth B gone out with two-frequency laser interferometer calibration testw2, optical fibre gyro bandwidth is surveyed
Test result is calibrated.
A kind of calibrating installation of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument using the method, including angular oscillation excitation system, mark
Quasi- angular movement measuring system, corrected sensor measuring system, data Collection ＆ Processing System；
The angular oscillation excitation system provides angular movement input for optical fibre gyro；
The standard angle movement measurement system is for measuring optical fibre gyro standard moment of momentum；
The i.e. described optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument of the corrected sensor measuring system, for providing the light being calibrated
Fine gyro angular movement magnitude；
The data Collection ＆ Processing System is used to acquire and handle the standard angle movement measurement system and described
Corrected sensor measuring system obtain data.
Described including angular oscillation excitation system includes testing fiber bandwidth of gyro tester kinematic system and optical fibre gyro,
Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument kinematic system carries optical fibre gyro, and the angular speed of different frequency is provided to optical fibre gyro.
The standard angle movement measurement system includes measuring speculum, temperature control system, reference mirror, polarised light splitter,
Wherein measure the component part that speculum, reference mirror and polarised light splitter are two-frequency laser interferometer measuring systems, temperature control system
System control test environment temperature, reduces measurement error caused by environmental factor.
The corrected sensor measuring system includes fibre optic gyroscope TT＆C system, and optical fibre gyro is calculated for analyzing
Simultaneously Automatic-settlement provides bandwidth test result to frequency characteristic.
The data Collection ＆ Processing System include balanced detector, demodulator, subtraction circuit, slight bar circuit,
Rubidium atomic oscillator, low noise power supply and computer measurement software, data Collection ＆ Processing System are defeated to two-frequency laser interferometer
The two-way interference signal gone out is detected and is demodulated, and is inhibited the influence of luminous power drift by balanced detector, is passed through low noise
Power supply power supply suppression circuit noise ensures interference signal measurement accuracy by slight bar circuit, is protected by rubidium atomic oscillator
The output signal of the stability and tractability of card sample frequency, two-frequency laser interferometer measuring signal and optical fibre gyro is calculating
Machine carries out Fourier transformation, using the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transformation as the output of testing fiber gyro and vialog.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Calibrating principle of the present invention is based on it can be seen from above-mentioned provided technical solution
Laser interferance method has the characteristics that high-precision, non-contact, fast-response, traceability are good.Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test is carried out high-precision
Absolute measurement and calibration are spent, realizes that measured value is traced to the source, establishes optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibration measurement standard set-up, is optical fiber
Development, production and the use of gyro provide Metrology Support.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is double-frequency laser interference angular width degree measuring system schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation；
Fig. 3 is the optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibration verification installation drawing that the present invention uses；
In figure, angular oscillation excitation system 1, standard angle movement measurement system 2, corrected sensor measuring system 3, data acquisition
With processing system 4, optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument TT＆C system 5, optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument kinematic system 6 measures pyramid
Prism 7, optical fibre gyro 8, temperature control system 9, reference mirror 10, polarised light splitter 11, two-frequency laser 12, high-performance optical power meter
13, balanced detector 14, demodulator 15, subtraction circuit 16, slight bar circuit 17, rubidium atomic clock oscillator 18, low noise acoustic-electric
Source 19, computer 20.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The basic principle of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1.
The calibration of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test can be divided into angular movement amplitude calibration and angular movement frequency calibration.Two-frequency laser produces
The raw orthogonal polarised light with different frequency, frequency is respectively f1And f2, a part of light is realized in inside interferes, quilt
Internal photelectric receiver detects reference signal, frequency f1-f2.A part of light is by polarization spectroscope simultaneously, according to polarization side
To difference, the separation of two polarised lights, f1Light projects a prism of corner cube through polarization spectroscope by two secondary reflection of speculum
On.And f2Light is reflected into another speculum from polarization spectroscope, is projected on another prism of corner cube in reflection.Work as test table
When rotating α angles, a prism of corner cube moves L distances along light path, another speculum moves L distances in reverse direction.According to
Doppler effect, f1The frequency that light reflection is returned becomes f1+fd1, f2The frequency that light reflection is returned is f1-fd2, wherein (v is the speed that prism of corner cube is moved along optical axis).Polarised light collects, and detects that measuring signal is by photelectric receiver
Frequency (f1-f2)+fd1+fd2.Reference signal and measuring signal be compared in multifunctional digital phase card, integrates and obtains periodicity
N。In formula, N1For within the t times by polarised light f1Caused periodicity, N2For in the t times
It is interior by polarised light f2Caused periodicity.Ideally, the rotation at the midpoint of two prism of corner cubes and bandwidth test instrument turntable
Center overlaps, therefore prism of corner cube moves the expression formula of L along light path and is：In formula, λ1
For polarised light f1Wavelength, λ2For polarised light f2Wavelength.And λ1And λ2Two wavelength approximately equals.λ can be uniformly calculated as.According to upper
Two formulas can release the relationship between light path displacement distance L and periodicity N:It can be obtained according to sine
To rotational angle α：In addition also the angular velocity omega of Available bandwidth tester turntable is：
For angular movement frequency calibration, provided for interference signal demodulator using high stability, the rubidium atomic clock that can be traced to the source
Working frequency benchmark obtains accurate angular oscillation signal sequence then by the high sampling rate of demodulator and testing time appropriate
Row, carry out digital frequency analysis, you can the angular movement frequency calibrated to it.
Calibrated using double-frequency laser interference method, can reappear impact acceleration magnitude directly trace to the source it is basic with meterological
Amount --- length (optical maser wavelength) and the time (clock of signal collecting device), and do not depend on other when reappearing line and moving magnitude
Intermediate physical amount, such as power, strain, determine as centre, while the independent absolutely reproduction line of this method moves magnitude, and are made with this
To go calibration by school test equipment with reference to magnitude.Independent of by school test equipment and its output, it is not required to by school test equipment
Make any it is assumed that having the advantages that high-precision, broadband, can tracing to the source.It is also improved entirely using two-frequency laser interferometer simultaneously
The environment resistant interference performance of calibrating installation.
According to the present invention carry out optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration the specific steps are：
Step 1：As shown in figure 3, fibre optic gyroscope is fixed on by installs fixture on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument,
The vibrating shaft of bandwidth test instrument is parallel to ground vertical line, and for alignment precision in specified value, optical fibre gyro IRA is parallel to vibrating shaft.Together
When two-frequency laser interferometer measurement speculum be rationally fixed in the kinematic system of bandwidth test instrument, kinematic system is with the positive angle of chord
Rate θ=θmSin (2 π ft) is rotated, optical fibre gyro and measure speculum 7 follow kinematic system 6 with identical angular speed into
Row rotation.
Step 2：The frequency and amplitude for selecting 6 movement of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument kinematic system, select frequency in 10Hz
No less than 10 points are chosen to log intervals are pressed between 2 frequency multiplication bandwidth.The selected of vibration amplitude should meet optical fibre gyro bandwidth
The requirement of tester, while also to make the angular speed of motion platform and gyroscope, angular acceleration within the allowable range.
Step 3：Because test system can not achieve identical peak value turning rate input under different frequency, therefore measure input optical fibre
The angular speed of gyro is used in combination the output of optical fibre gyro to remove turning rate input, obtains the light under the conditions of " unit angular velocity input "
The output characteristics of fine gyro.It is again angular speed under single-frequency, Ke Nenghan because test system input angular velocity does not ensure that
The turning rate input for having the effect of signals testing fiber gyro of high frequency, with peak value and the angular oscillation sensor of testing fiber gyro
Peak value is compared, cannot accurately reflect the optical fibre gyro under the conditions of " unit angular velocity input " specific frequency point output characteristics,
Therefore in processing procedure, the peak-to-peak value of specific frequency point cannot be used, but by the optical fibre gyro of specific frequency point and bandwidth test
The input of instrument carries out Fourier transformation, using the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transformation as testing fiber gyro and two-frequency laser interferometer
Output.To obtain optical fibre gyro in specific frequency ωiUnder amplitude gain Gi, gyro is defeated caused by being changed by input frequency
Go out attenuation change acquisition and works as GiCorresponding frequency is ω when=0.707c, frequency bandwidthTo optical fibre gyro band
The measurement result of wide tester is calibrated.
As shown in Fig. 2, the calibrating installation of optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument, including angular oscillation excitation system 1, standard angular movement
Measuring system 2, corrected sensor measuring system 3, data Collection ＆ Processing System 4；The angular oscillation excitation system 1 is used for light
Fine gyro provides angular movement input；The standard angle movement measurement system 2 is for measuring optical fibre gyro standard moment of momentum；Institute
The i.e. described optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument of the corrected sensor measuring system 3 stated, for providing the optical fibre gyro angle being calibrated
Move magnitude；The data Collection ＆ Processing System 4 is used to acquiring and handling the standard angle movement measurement system 2 and institute
The data that the corrected sensor measuring system 3 stated obtains.
As shown in figure 3, optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation includes angular oscillation excitation system 1, angular oscillation excitation system
System 1 is made of testing fiber bandwidth of gyro tester kinematic system 6 and optical fibre gyro 8, optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument kinetic system
6 carrying optical fibre gyro 8 of system, and to the turning rate input of the offer different frequency of optical fibre gyro 8, optical fibre gyro 8 then exports practical survey
The angular speed and frequency of amount.
Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation includes standard angle movement measurement system 2, and angular movement measuring system 2 is by surveying
Measure speculum 7, temperature control system 9, reference mirror 10, polarised light splitter 11 form, wherein measure speculum 7, reference mirror 10 and partially
The light optical splitter 11 that shakes is the important component of two-frequency laser interferometer measuring system, the accurate control test environment of temperature control system 9
Temperature reduces measurement error caused by environmental factor.
Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation includes corrected sensor measuring system 3, corrected sensor measuring system 3
By fibre optic gyroscope TT＆C system 5, the main effect of fibre optic gyroscope TT＆C system 5 has：1, controlled motion system is sent out to do just
The instruction that string is swung；2, optical fibre gyro and kinematic system is given to power；3, optical fibre gyro is acquired by signal acquisition module and angle shakes
It moves the signal of measurement sensor and host computer processing is given in packing, signal acquisition module is readily replaceable, can pass through software upgrading
To be suitble to the test of Multiple Type optical fibre gyro；The analysis of 4 host computers calculates the frequency characteristic and Automatic solution of optical fibre gyro, provides
Bandwidth test result.
Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation includes data Collection ＆ Processing System 4, data acquisition and procession system
System 4 is by balanced detector 14, demodulator 15, subtraction circuit 16, slight bar circuit 17, rubidium atomic oscillator 18, low noise acoustic-electric
Source 19 and computer measurement software 20 form, and data Collection ＆ Processing System 4 interferes the two-way that two-frequency laser interferometer exports
Signal is detected and is demodulated, and is inhibited the influence of luminous power drift by balanced detector 14, is powered by low noise power supply 19
Suppression circuit noise ensures interference signal measurement accuracy by slight bar circuit 17, is adopted by the guarantee of rubidium atomic oscillator 18
The output signal of the high stability and tractability of sample frequency, two-frequency laser interferometer measuring signal and optical fibre gyro is in computer
20 carry out Fourier transformation, using the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transformation as the output of testing fiber gyro and vialog.
Claims (6)
1. one kind being based on optical fibre gyro bandwidth test calibration method, it is characterised in that：Including following steps：
Step 1：Optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument motion frequency is selected, according to Doppler effect, when measuring prism moves, instead
± f can be changed by penetrating light frequencyd, interference is realized inside two-frequency laser interferometer, and measuring signal, base are acquired by photelectric receiver
Calibration signal and measuring signal are compared in measuring board, integrate acquisition periodicity, to obtain prism linear velocity, then pass through
It measures two prism of corner cubes fixed point and determines beam separation D, linear velocity is converted to by rotational angle according to sine while obtaining light
Fine gyro rotational angular velocity, to obtain optical fibre gyro angular movement amplitude；
Step 2：For angular movement frequency calibration, working frequency benchmark is provided for interference signal demodulator using rubidium atomic clock, so
Afterwards by demodulator, angular oscillation signal sequence is obtained, carries out digital frequency analysis, you can calibration optical fibre gyro angular movement frequency；
Step 3：Under the input frequency of different optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument, to the measuring signal of two-frequency laser interferometer
It is normalized with Optical Fiber Gyroscope and is handled with Fourier transformation, obtain optical fibre gyro in frequencies omegaiUnder amplitude increase
BenefitFiIt is optical fibre gyro in tiThe unilateral amplitude of moment output, FLBe optical fibre gyro allows low-limit frequency in angle vibration table
It is the unilateral amplitude of output, GiCorresponding frequency is ω when=0.707c, frequency bandwidthBy comparing optical fibre gyro
Bandwidth test instrument test result Bw1The bandwidth B gone out with two-frequency laser interferometer calibration testw2, to optical fibre gyro bandwidth test knot
Fruit is calibrated.
2. a kind of calibrating installation using the optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument of method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Including angular oscillation excitation system (1), standard angle movement measurement system (2), corrected sensor measuring system (3), data acquisition with
Processing system (4)；
The angular oscillation excitation system (1) provides angular movement input for optical fibre gyro；
The standard angle movement measurement system (2) is for measuring optical fibre gyro standard moment of momentum；
The i.e. described optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument of the corrected sensor measuring system (3), for providing the light being calibrated
Fine gyro angular movement magnitude；
The data Collection ＆ Processing System (4) is used to acquiring and handling the standard angle movement measurement system (2) and institute
The data that the corrected sensor measuring system (3) stated obtains.
3. optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described shakes including angle
Dynamic excitation system (1) includes testing fiber bandwidth of gyro tester kinematic system (6) and optical fibre gyro (8), optical fibre gyro bandwidth
Tester kinematic system (6) carries optical fibre gyro (8), and the angular speed of different frequency is provided to optical fibre gyro (8).
4. optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The standard angle fortune
Dynamic measuring system (2) includes measuring speculum (7), temperature control system (9), reference mirror (10), polarised light splitter (11), wherein surveying
Amount speculum (7), reference mirror (10) and polarised light splitter (11) are the component part of two-frequency laser interferometer measuring system, temperature
Control system (9) controls test environment temperature, reduces measurement error caused by environmental factor.
5. optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described is sensed by school
Device measuring system (3) includes fibre optic gyroscope TT＆C system (5), and the frequency characteristic for analyzing calculating optical fibre gyro is simultaneously tied automatically
Calculation provides bandwidth test result.
6. optical fibre gyro bandwidth test instrument calibrating installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The data acquisition
Include balanced detector (14), demodulator (15), subtraction circuit (16), slight bar circuit (17), rubidium original with processing system (4)
Sub- oscillator (18), low noise power supply (19) and computer measurement software (20), data Collection ＆ Processing System (4) swash double frequency
The two-way interference signal of optical interferometer output is detected and is demodulated, and inhibits the shadow of luminous power drift by balanced detector (14)
It rings, by low noise power supply (19) power supply suppression circuit noise, passes through slight bar circuit (17) and ensure that interference signal measures essence
Degree ensures that the high stability and tractability of sample frequency, two-frequency laser interferometer measure letter by rubidium atomic oscillator (18)
Number and the output signal of optical fibre gyro carry out Fourier transformation in computer (20), using the peak-to-peak value after Fourier transformation as waiting for
Survey the output of optical fibre gyro and vialog.
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| CN110988401A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-04-10 | 蚌埠学院 | Photoelectric accelerometer calibration method and system |
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| CN112113746A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-22 | 广州广电计量检测股份有限公司 | Calibration method and calibration system of light source stroboscopic tester based on external modulation light source method |
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