CN108404136A - 一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用 - Google Patents

一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108404136A
CN108404136A CN201810089681.1A CN201810089681A CN108404136A CN 108404136 A CN108404136 A CN 108404136A CN 201810089681 A CN201810089681 A CN 201810089681A CN 108404136 A CN108404136 A CN 108404136A
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冯亚凯
郝雪芳
李茜
郭锦棠
任相魁
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用,基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统用下述方法制成:将多功能多肽REDV‑G‑TAT‑G‑NLS‑C通过邻二硫吡啶聚乙二醇活性酯连接到八氨基POSS的八个活性位点上,形成星形聚合物;带有正电荷的星形聚合物与带负电的基因通过静电相互作用结合,形成表面带有负电的二元基因递送系统;富含组氨酸的多肽序列与二元基因递送系统通过静电相互作用结合,形成三元基因递送系统。本发明的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统对内皮细胞具有靶向性,同时具有穿膜肽、组氨酸和核定位信号的功能,有利于携带基因高效地进入细胞,有效地进行内涵体逃逸并进入细胞核,从而大大提高基因递送效果。

Description

一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物领域,涉及一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着基因治疗的发展,通过基因治疗各种疾病已经引起了人们越来越多的关注。其中,制约该技术广泛应用的主要瓶颈是缺乏高效低毒的基因递送系统。病毒递送系统因其安全问题备受争议。非病毒基因递送系统很好地避免了病毒载体的这一问题,但是非病毒基因递送系统存在细胞毒性高、选择性差、细胞摄取效率低、内涵体逃逸困难、进细胞核困难、转染效率差、基因表达水平低等都是基因递送系统携带治疗基因无法进行疾病治疗的主要问题。
近年来,阳离子聚合物基因递送系统属于非病毒基因递送系统,因其易于制备修饰、高转染效率等特点,受到了人们广泛的关注。但是由于其较高的电荷密度,在具有高的细胞转染效率的同时也具有很高的细胞毒性。因此,如何获得低毒高效的靶向性基因递送系统仍然是研究者们的努力方向。基因递送过程是非常复杂的,需要跨越多层屏障,如何高效的穿过细胞膜、有效的从内涵体逃逸并高效地进入细胞核,仍然是设计基因递送系统的重点。基于穿膜肽的基因递送系统具有很高的生物相容性和特殊的穿膜效果,在基因递送系统设计方面具有很大的发展潜力,但是不稳定性、特异性的缺乏及内涵体逃逸能力差使得其应用也受到了限制。此外,目前的基因递送系统一般是阳离子聚合物与基因的二元基因递送系统,不利于多功能基因递送系统的设计与调控。因此,安全高效特异性基因递送系统的设计优化仍面临着很大的挑战。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种具有很好的生物相容性、高效低毒、对内皮细胞靶向性的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统的制备方法。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统制备基因递送药物中的应用。
本发明的技术方案概述如下:
一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按摩尔比为1:8-16的比例,将八氨基POSS和NHS-PEG-OPSS溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,室温反应2-3小时;
所述八氨基POSS为八氨基笼状聚倍半硅氧烷的简称;所述NHS-PEG-OPSS为邻二硫吡啶聚乙二醇活性酯的简称;
(2)将REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C加入到步骤(1)获得的溶液中,反应4-8小时,采用截留分子量为3500的透析袋透析提纯,冻干,得到POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物;
所述八氨基POSS和REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的摩尔比为1:8-16;
所述REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.1所示;
(3)以pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液为溶剂,配制浓度为0.5-2毫克/毫升的POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物液体;按POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物与ZNF580基因或Cy5标记的寡核苷酸的质量比为1:0.6-0.8的比例,将浓度为0.05-0.2毫克/毫升的ZNF580基因水溶液,或浓度为0.05-0.2毫克/毫升的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸水溶液,在搅拌下,滴加到所述聚合物液体中,搅拌1-2小时,得到二元基因递送系统;
(4)将TP-H12多肽溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,配成0.2-0.6毫克/毫升,在搅拌下,滴加到所述二元基因递送系统中,得到基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统;
所述二元基因递送系统中ZNF580基因或Cy5标记的寡核苷酸与TP-H12的质量比为1:3-5;
所述TP-H12多肽的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.2所示。
上述方法制备的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统。
上述基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统在制备基因递送药物中的应用。
本发明的优点是:
(1)本发明的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统,将多功能多肽连接到具有高度生物相容性的八氨基POSS上,从而具备高度生物相容性及多肽的内皮细胞靶向性、高效穿膜性能和核定位能力。
(2)基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统通过简单地在二元基因递送系统表面引入富含组氨酸的TP-H12多肽,赋予基因递送系统更好的且可调控的内涵体逃逸能力,更加有效的进行基因递送。
(3)基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统中表面的一层富含组氨酸的多肽在生理条件(pH=7.4)下,呈现两亲性,有利于大大提高基因递送系统的细胞摄取效果,从而有利于提高基因递送效果。
(4)本发明的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统同时具有穿膜肽、组氨酸和核定位信号的功能,有利于携带基因高效地进入细胞、有效地进行内涵体逃逸并进入细胞核,从而显著提高基因递送效果,达到基因治疗的目的。
附图说明
图1为细胞相对活性图。
图2为细胞摄取图。
图3为蛋白表达图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。应理解,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外,在阅读本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明做改动或修改,该等价形式同样落于本申请的权利要求所限定的范围。
三元基因递送系统:指由一种基因和两种阳离子物质通过静电相互作用形成的基因复合物。
二元基因递送系统:指由一种基因和一种阳离子物质通过静电相互作用形成的基因复合物。
所述八氨基笼状聚倍半硅氧烷,简称为八氨基POSS,购于美国Hybrid Plastics公司,其货号为AM0285;
NHS-PEG2000-3000-OPSS为邻二硫吡啶聚乙二醇活性酯的简称,商品。
REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.1所示,其序列为:
REDV-G-YGRKKRRQRRR-G-PKKKRKV-C。
ZNF580基因的核苷酸序列用SEQ ID NO.3所示。
Cy5标记的寡核苷酸购于生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司。
TP-H12为SEQ ID NO.2:REDV-YGRKKRRQRRR-PKKKRKV-HHHHHHHHHHHH的简写;
EA.hy926细胞购于中国科学院细胞库(上海研发公共服务平台)。
本发明的靶向穿膜肽基因载体REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C和TP-H12中的REDV(四肽)源于天然纤维连接蛋白的一段多肽序列,具有对内皮细胞特异性选择粘附的功能。
序列YGRKKRRQRRR(TAT)源于人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)的一段多肽序列,具有跨膜转移到细胞质和细胞核内的功能。
序列PKKKRKV(NLS)源于猿猴病毒40(SV40)的大T抗原中。
所述TP-H12多肽的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.2所示。
实施例1
一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按摩尔比为1:8的比例,将八氨基POSS和NHS-PEG2000-OPSS溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,室温反应2小时;
(2)将REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C多肽加入步骤(1)获得的溶液中,反应4小时,采用截留分子量为3500的透析袋透析提纯,冻干,得到POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物;
八氨基POSS和REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的摩尔比为1:8;
(3)以pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液为溶剂,配制浓度为0.5毫克/毫升的POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物液体;按POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物与Cy5标记的寡核苷酸质量比为1:0.6的比例,将浓度为0.05毫克/毫升的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸水溶液,在搅拌下,滴加到所述聚合物液体中,搅拌1小时,得到二元基因递送系统;
(4)将TP-H12多肽溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,配成0.2毫克/毫升,在搅拌下,滴加到所述二元基因递送系统中,得到基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统;
所述二元基因递送系统中Cy5标记的寡核苷酸与TP-H12的质量比为1:3。
用ZNF580基因替代本实施例中的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸,其它同本实施例,制备相应的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统。
实施例2
一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)按摩尔比为1:16的比例,将八氨基POSS和NHS-PEG3000-OPSS溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,室温反应3小时;
(2)将REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C多肽加入步骤(1)获得的溶液中,反应8小时,采用截留分子量为3500的透析袋透析提纯,冻干,得到POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物;
八氨基POSS和REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的摩尔比为1:16;
(3)以pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液为溶剂,配制浓度为2毫克/毫升的POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物液体;按POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物与Cy5标记的寡核苷酸的质量比为1:0.8的比例,将浓度为0.2毫克/毫升的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸水溶液,在搅拌下,滴加到所述聚合物液体中,搅拌2小时,得到二元基因递送系统;
(4)将TP-H12多肽溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,配成0.6毫克/毫升,在搅拌下,滴加到所述二元基因递送系统中,得到基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统;
所述二元基因递送系统中Cy5标记的寡核苷酸与TP-H12的质量比为1:5;
用ZNF580基因替代本实施例中的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸,其它同本实施例,制备相应的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统。
实施例3
对照:
二元基因递送系统为实施例2步骤(1)、(2)和(3)获得。
二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统(ZNF580基因)的细胞毒性由MTT(3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐)比色法进行评价。
步骤如下:人脐静脉内皮细胞(EA.hy926细胞)接种到96孔板(1×104细胞/孔)细胞培养基中,细胞生长到90%后,将细胞培养基换为无血清培养基,进行饥饿处理12小时。之后培养基换为新鲜的生长培养基(10%FBS DMEM)。将不同浓度的二元基因递送系统和三元基因递送系统溶液加入到生长培养基中,混合均匀,24小时后弃去上层清液,向每个孔中加入5毫克/毫升的MTT(溶剂为pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液)溶液20微升,继续培养4小时,使甲瓒充分结晶。小心弃去孔内培养基,而后向孔内加入150微升DMSO,置摇床上低速振荡10分钟,使结晶物充分溶解。用酶联免疫检测仪在490纳米波长处测量各孔的光密度值(OD)。利用如下公式计算相对细胞活性(%):
其中,OD490’:实验组减去调零组的吸光度值,avg(OD490C’):矫正后的对照组吸光度平均值。
分析结果:图1为细胞活性,分别测定了二元基因递送系统和实施例1和实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统。更多的正电荷会导致更高的细胞毒性,从而降低细胞活性。从图中可以看出,相对于二元基因递送系统来说,实施例1和2制备的三元基因递送系统具有更高的细胞活性。
实施例4
利用细胞摄取实验来评价二元基因递送系统和实施例1和实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统(Cy5标记的寡核苷酸)在EA.hy926细胞内的摄取效果。
步骤如下:将EA.hy926细胞接种到6孔板(3×105细胞/孔),加入二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统培养4小时。然后,用0.01摩尔/升的PBS(pH=7.4)缓冲溶液清洗细胞3次,之后,用0.25%的胰蛋白酶酶解。通过离心,加入PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4),获得细胞的悬浮液,采用流式细胞仪进行分析表征。
分析结果:图2为细胞摄取,分别测定了二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统。从图中可以看出,实施例1和实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统的相对荧光强度显著高于二元基因递送系统的相对荧光强度值,说明实施例1和实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统的细胞摄取结果明显高于二元基因递送系统的摄取结果,约为二元基因递送系统的3倍左右。
实施例5
利用蛋白表达实验来评价二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统(ZNF580基因)在EA.hy926细胞中的基因递送效果。
步骤如下:(1)蛋白提取:将二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统加入EA.hy926细胞中培养24小时后,用PBS缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)洗3遍,然后每孔加入60微升的RIPA裂解液(含1%蛋白酶抑制剂),在冰上裂解15分钟,并用干净的刮棒将细胞从孔板底刮下后,将细胞和裂解液转移至1.5毫升的EP管中,继续冰上裂解30分钟。随后,在4℃下,以12000rpm转速离心10分钟,取上清液,按BCA蛋白浓度定量试剂盒测定蛋白浓度后,加入1/4体积的5×SDS上样缓冲液,煮沸8分钟,对蛋白变性使其能够长期稳定保存。(2)灌胶:根据实验需要,配制10%的分离胶和5%的浓缩胶。(3)电泳:将SDS-PAGE凝胶安装在电泳槽内,加入电泳液。将变性后的蛋白60微克加入上样孔后,先恒压80伏使样品压成一条直线至浓缩胶和分离胶的分界处,然后升压至120伏,随着电泳时间的延续,蛋白样品在分离胶中充分分离,至溴酚蓝染料跑到最底层时停止电泳。(4)转膜:按所需目的蛋白ZNF580及内参蛋白β-actin的分子量切割凝胶,浸入转膜液中。根据所截取电泳胶的大小将PVDF膜(0.22微米孔)裁剪成合适尺寸。先将PVDF膜置于甲醇中激活1分钟,然后浸于转膜液中待用,剪6张与PVDF膜大小相同的滤纸浸泡入转膜液中。将被转膜液浸湿的3张滤纸叠放整齐,上面依次覆盖PVDF膜,凝胶,及另外3层滤纸。最后排除气泡后将其整体放于转膜仪上。采用恒压半干转法转膜,电压为25毫伏,目的蛋白ZNF580及内参蛋白β-actin转膜时间都为7分钟。(5)封闭:将PVDF膜浸入TBST配制的5%脱脂奶粉中,摇床上缓慢振荡1小时。(6)一抗孵育:PVDF膜右上剪角分辨正反面,放入杂交袋中,一抗(兔抗人ZNF580抗体)用TBST缓冲溶液以体积比1:1000稀释后加入杂交袋中并封口,37℃孵育1小时后,4℃孵育过夜。(7)二抗孵育:上述PVDF膜用TBST缓冲溶液洗3×10分钟,放入杂交袋,加入二抗(辣根过氧化物酶标记的兔二抗,TBST缓冲溶液稀释,体积比1:5000),摇床上37℃孵育1小时。(8)显影:然后,再用TBST缓冲溶液洗3×10分钟,滴加ECL显影液,曝光时间为1分钟,凝胶成像仪照相,利用灰度分析软件ImageJ进行分析统计,观察ZNF580的表达。β-actin蛋白作为内参同时检测。
分析结果:图3为二元基因递送系统和实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统在EA.hy926细胞中的蛋白表达结果。从图中可以看出,与二元基因递送系统的蛋白表达水平相比,实施例1及实施例2制备的三元基因递送系统的蛋白表达水平得到提高,说明三元基因递送系统比二元递送系统的基因递送效果显著增高。
序列表
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<120> 一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统及其应用
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Claims (3)

1.一种基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统的制备方法,其特征是包括如下步骤:
(1)按摩尔比为1:8-16的比例,将八氨基POSS和NHS-PEG-OPSS溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,室温反应2-3小时;
所述八氨基POSS为八氨基笼状聚倍半硅氧烷的简称;所述NHS-PEG-OPSS为邻二硫吡啶聚乙二醇活性酯的简称;
(2)将REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C加入到步骤(1)获得的溶液中,反应4-8小时,采用截留分子量为3500的透析袋透析提纯,冻干,得到POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物;
所述八氨基POSS和REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的摩尔比为1:8-16;
所述REDV-G-TAT-G-NLS-C的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.1所示;
(3)以pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液为溶剂,配制浓度为0.5-2毫克/毫升的POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物液体;按POSS-(PEG-NLS-G-TAT-G-REDV)8聚合物与ZNF580基因或Cy5标记的寡核苷酸的质量比为1:0.6-0.8的比例,将浓度为0.05-0.2毫克/毫升的ZNF580基因水溶液,或浓度为0.05-0.2毫克/毫升的Cy5标记的寡核苷酸水溶液,在搅拌下,滴加到所述聚合物液体中,搅拌1-2小时,得到二元基因递送系统;
(4)将TP-H12多肽溶解于pH=7.4的PBS缓冲溶液中,配成0.2-0.6毫克/毫升,在搅拌下,滴加到所述二元基因递送系统中,得到基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统;
所述二元基因递送系统中ZNF580基因或Cy5标记的寡核苷酸与TP-H12的质量比为1:3-5;
所述TP-H12多肽的氨基酸序列用SEQ ID NO.2所示。
2.权利要求1的方法制备的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统。
3.权利要求2的基于穿膜肽的三元基因递送系统在制备基因递送药物中的应用。
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