CN108391626A - A kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period - Google Patents
A kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
- A61D19/00—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation
- A61D19/02—Instruments or methods for reproduction or fertilisation for artificial insemination
- A61D19/021—Apparatus for collecting seminal fluids; Artificial vaginas
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to poultry cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period.The feeding and management method of the breeding pigeon breeding period of the present invention, includes the following steps：Breeding pigeon pre-processing；By cage in the breeding pigeon of pre-processing, and carry out the management after cage；Semen collection is carried out to public dove；The sperm acquired is handled；By handled sperm it is defeated with hen pigeon body in；Late maintaining management is carried out to breeding pigeon.The present invention captures meat index artificial insemination problem, breaks meat index large-scale production technology bottleneck, in semen deposition, is only slightly opened to compressing cloaca, does not need cloacal exstrophy operation, stress be small to breeding pigeon, while improving the rate of fertilization and incubation rate of dove class breeding；Low to the requirement of operator's vocational skills, labor intensity is low, and operability is high；It can reduce by 70% or more the public dove number of animals raised, reduce meat index feeding cost, improve resource utilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to poultry cultivation fields, and in particular to a kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period.
Background technology
With the development of scale breeding pigeon aquaculture, enterprise's cultivation kind fowl quantity is continuously increased.But in current industry still
Continue to use the conventional method of one hen pigeon of tradition and a public dove pairing.Land resource scarcity instantly, reduce land use
Rate reduces efficiency.In addition there are the characteristics such as special feelings after breeding pigeon pairing, it is difficult to match in a short time when spouse occurs dead
On, affect normal production.In addition pigeon matches early stage secondary sex characters difference unobvious, and the pigeon mismatch rate of 180 cages in the sky is high
Up to 20% or more, need to spend a large amount of manpower and materials to go to adjust in the later stage.This method takes work consuming, is to restrict meat index production
One of the bottleneck of industrialization upgrading.
The number of animals raised of breeding pigeon can be greatly reduced without influencing production capacity, but the skill of artificial insemination at present in breeding pigeon technology of artificial insemination
The success rate of art need to be improved.Success rate and semen quality, hen pigeon state, manual operation of technology of artificial insemination etc. have very
Important Relations, at present without relevant more comprehensive in industry, the high report of operability.
Invention content
In consideration of it, it is necessary to provide a kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period regarding to the issue above.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period, includes the following steps：
1, breeding pigeon pre-processing；
2, cage in the breeding pigeon through step 1 pre-processing, and carry out the management after cage；
3, semen collection is carried out to the public dove in step 2；
4, the sperm acquired to step 3 is handled；
5, artificial insemination is completed with the sperm handled by step 4；
6, late maintaining management is carried out to breeding pigeon.
Further, the prophase management in the step 1 includes：Sex judging was carried out 30-90 days ages, and screens build
Well-balanced, expression in the eyes is full, and the satisfactory public dove of hair color, public dove ratio of reserving seed for planting is hen pigeon 10%-15%, is separately raised after Sex judging
It supports, avoids breeding pigeon from occurring matching in advance after relaying winged canopy, initial stage pigeon is normally laid eggs after influencing cage.
Differentiate that the extra public dove of pigeon can work as squab and sell before 30 ages in days, but pigeon is less than normal before 30 days, blood vessel carefully operates partially
It is inconvenient, it is proposed that take a blood sample and differentiate during 30-90 days young pigeons：1. easy to operate；2, carry out and differentiate ample time.If cost control
System is stringent, then it is contemplated that just being differentiated in 30 age in days squab stages.
Preferably, the prophase management carried out Sex judging 30 day age, and public dove ratio of reserving seed for planting is hen pigeon 15%, with maximum
Limit reduces cost, avoids the middle and later periods from extremely washing in a pan and causes public dove lazy weight.
Further, the Sex judging method in the step 1 differentiates that accuracy is high for laboratory whole blood PCR method
Up to 100%, differentiate cost within 1.0 yuan/plumage with 10UL systems with the method for blood Direct PCR.
Further, the time of the upper cage in the step 2 is 165-175 (preferably 170) day ages, and breeding pigeon can be allowed to open production
It is preceding to adapt to cage environment in advance, reduction stress, and stop the public dove semen collection of 2 weeks or so time instruction kind, and to kind of a public dove progress
Apparent less than normal, the thin and weak individual of build is eliminated in secondary seed selection.
Further, upper cage initial stage carries out semen collection training to public pigeon in the step 2.
Preferably, the semen collection training concrete operation method is：Upward by public dove belly, inwardly, outwardly, the right hand will for tail for head
The downward pressure testing of tail feathers allows dove to carry on the back bow, and right hand index finger and mother refer to fix cloaca with tail feathers while pressing one on the other.
Preferably, the semen collection training training every other day is primary, and 7-10 rear aspermous individual of training is eliminated in time, normally
In the case of, sperm recovery ratio is 90% or more, semen volume average out to 15-30ul.
Further, semen collection equipment includes in the step 3：
10ul liquid-transfering guns：Since breeding pigeon sperm is sticky and amount is few, the sperm pea grain size sperm that is creamy white is in when semen collection
The discharge of disperse shape needs to be drawn with liquid-transfering gun.
2.0ml centrifuge tube：Semen container.
10ul pipette tips:Pipette tips tip diameter 2mm, long 2.5cm, it is round and smooth, without sharp bur, to letting out when avoiding semen collection and semen deposition
It grows chamber and causes mechanical injuries, influence the utilization rate of breeding pigeon；
After the pipette tips and each use of centrifuge tube, daily by special messenger by glass, metal and plastic ware in clear water
Middle immersion half an hour, water purification to be cleaned and got rid of, is put into drying box disinfection, the temperature of drying box is 80-100 DEG C, dries 2 hours,
Kill bacterial propagule；The rubber such as suction nozzle utensil dries spare after being rinsed using 75% alcohol wipe, physiological saline；Towel, mouth
Cover and gloves etc. are clean to be dried；All utensils must be dried thoroughly before.
Further, the preoperative preparation of semen collection includes in the step 3：
House internal spraying 15 seconds is opened before semen collection, can dirt drop and reduce breeding pigeon stress；The spraying main component is water, is considered
It is easy to grow dove lice to pigeon, the problems such as respiratory tract, the epidemic disease good, bacterium that goes out can be added in spray water and is gone out, liquid medicine is than 1:500,
Variety classes disinfectant can be discussed and change use.Pigeon likes environment relatively dry, daily spraying disinfection time control 5 times with
Interior, each 15s preferably lacks unsuitable more.
200ul physiological saline is added before each semen collection in centrifuge tube, each semen collection public affairs dove quantity is controlled at 8-9 (about
100ul), avoiding sperm, retention time is long in vitro, causes dead essence.
Further, semen collection operation is in the step 3：
Each semen collection needs two people's cooperations, a people to fix breeding pigeon and oppress cloaca sperm drainage, another people's liquid relief
Rifle draws the sperm of discharge and dilution, and semen collection operation is quickly skilled, avoids public dove stress；
To avoid the cross-infection between breeding pigeon, every public dove from replacing a pipette tips, the sperm of extraction needs after processing
Artificial insemination operations are completed in 20 minutes；
Each public dove semen collection situation of semen collection record, to can not adopt the individual of sperm or semen volume (being less than 5ul) on the low side continuously
It eliminates or replaces in time, be divided between semen collection one day, i.e., acquisition is primary every other day.
Further, liquefacient duration includes in the step 4：
Dilution selects 0.9% sodium chloride injection (physiological saline), and dilution ratio is sperm：Physiological saline=1：2；Essence
The environment temperature of liquid processing is 15-20 degrees Celsius.Vigor is high in vitro for sperm, and metabolism is also fast, and it is acid that sperm metabolism is easy production
Metabolite will appear more dead essence to the later stage, select 15-20 DEG C of environment temperature that can reduce sperm in the nearly 20min of semen deposition
Metabolism in vitro improves the operability of this method.
Sperm is gently blown and beaten after being mixed with physiological saline with liquid-transfering gun, avoids sperm from being layered sperm mixing.To avoid essence
Liquid is too high or too low for temperature to cause sperm motility to decline, and a heat-insulating cover can be made of cotton etc..
Further, semen deposition concrete operations are as follows in the step 5：
Left hand catches pigeon, and the right hand assists left hand pigeon overturning pigeon belly upward, and inwardly, outwardly, the right hand is by tail for tail for head
Educating downward pressure testing allows dove to carry on the back bow, and right hand index finger and mother refer to fix cloaca with tail feathers while pressing one on the other, cloaca
It slightly opens, in addition human hand held spermatic gun absorption 8ul sperm keeps left is inserted into fallopian tubal 0.5cm depths obliquely downward, inputs sperm, semen deposition is complete
Finish, pigeon is put back in cage；Every pigeon changes a pipette tips, in order to avoid intersect sense.
Further, insemination final-period management includes in the step 6：
(1) public dove：In the case of normal use health-care sand, monthly B family vitamin is added three times, amino ties up him and high steady
Vitamin C, each dosage is B family vitamin, amino ties up him and each 100g of high steady vitamin C, is dissolved in 300kg drinking-water, improves
Breeding pigeon resisting stress；
(2) hen pigeon：In the case of normal feeding, monthly feed three times Jin Weile and Jin Lehuang (each dosage be Jin Weile and
Each 10g of Jin Lehuang are dissolved in 100kg drinking-water) prevent salpingitis；Monthly defend can, the sour treasured of acid etc. by 1 (defend can, acid acid it is precious
Deng):1000 (drinking-water) carry out enteron aisle health care to breeding pigeon；Daily observation is laid eggs breeding pigeon health status, is chosen paste anus and is had loose bowels, coughs
Individual individually nursing.
Insemination time and interval：
Hen pigeon sees after egg the time for estimating next ovipository cycle, such as：On this month 1, laid eggs, this breeding pigeon ovipository cycle
Interval about 11 days, then artificial insemination's operating time is this month 9-11 day, that is, in first three day of laying eggs semen deposition twice, i.e., in next production
Semen deposition twice, is divided into 12 days or more between individual breeding pigeon ovipository cycles, can be adjusted according to actual conditions in first three day of egg period
It is whole, bar code can also be pasted on pigeon house, and breeding pigeon situation of laying eggs is recorded with code reader, is then actually produced according to this
Lower whorl oviposition period is estimated at egg interval, and the above method lives embryo rate 80% or more.
Advantageous effect of the present invention：
1, meat index artificial insemination problem is captured, meat index large-scale production technology bottleneck is broken.
2, the technology of the present invention requires operator's vocational skills low, and labor intensity is low, and operability is high.
3, the technology of the present invention only slightly opens compressing cloaca in semen deposition, does not need cloacal exstrophy operation, answers breeding pigeon
Swash small.
4, the technology of the present invention can reduce by 70% or more the public dove number of animals raised, reduce meat index feeding cost, improve the utilization of resources
Rate.
5, the method for the present invention improve dove class breeding rate of fertilization and incubation rate.
Specific implementation mode
In order to better illustrate technical solution of the present invention problem to be solved, the technical solution of use and reach beneficial
Effect is expanded on further in conjunction with specific implementation mode.It is worth noting that technical solution of the present invention is including but not limited to following
Embodiment.
Particular technique or condition are not specified in the embodiment of the present invention, according to technology described in document in the art or
Condition is carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer, being can be by purchased in market etc.
The conventional products that approach obtains.
The feeding and management method of embodiment breeding pigeon breeding period one by one
The feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period of the present invention, includes the following steps：
1, breeding pigeon pre-processing：
Sex judging was carried out 30 day age, and screens and is well-proportioned, expression in the eyes is full, and the satisfactory public dove of hair color is reserved seed for planting
Public dove ratio is hen pigeon 15%, is separately raised after Sex judging, avoids breeding pigeon from occurring matching in advance after relaying winged canopy, influence
Initial stage, pigeon was normally laid eggs after cage.
2,170 days when, by cage in the breeding pigeon through step 1 pre-processing, and carry out semen collection training；The semen collection training is every other day
Training is primary, and aspermous individual is eliminated in time after training 7 times.
Semen collection training concrete operation method is：Upward by public dove belly, head inwardly, tail outwardly, the right hand by tail feathers to
Lower pressure testing allows dove to carry on the back bow, and right hand index finger and mother refer to fix cloaca with tail feathers while pressing one on the other.
3, semen collection is carried out to the public dove in step 2：
Equipment：10ul liquid-transfering guns, 2.0ml centrifuge tubes, sperm container containing, 10ul pipette tips (pipette tips tip diameter 2mm, length
2.5cm, it is round and smooth, without sharp bur).
After the pipette tips and each use of centrifuge tube, daily by special messenger by glass, metal and plastic ware in clear water
Middle immersion half an hour, water purification to be cleaned and got rid of, is put into drying box disinfection, the temperature of drying box is 80-100 DEG C, dries 2 hours,
Kill bacterial propagule；The rubber such as suction nozzle utensil dries spare after being rinsed using 75% alcohol wipe, physiological saline；Towel, mouth
Cover and gloves etc. are clean to be dried；All utensils must be dried thoroughly before.
House internal spraying is opened before semen collection 15 seconds；The spraying main component is water, and epidemic disease can be added in spray water and is gone out good, bacterium
Poison goes out, and liquid medicine is than 1:500, variety classes disinfectant can be discussed and change use.Pigeon likes environment relatively dry, and spraying daily disappears
Malicious time control is within 5 times, each 15s, preferably lacks unsuitable more.
200ul physiological saline is added before each semen collection in centrifuge tube, each semen collection public affairs dove quantity is controlled at 8-9 (about
100ul), avoiding sperm, retention time is long in vitro, causes dead essence.
Each semen collection needs two people's cooperations, a people to fix breeding pigeon and oppress cloaca sperm drainage, another people's liquid relief
Rifle draws the sperm of discharge and dilution, and semen collection operation is quickly skilled, avoids public dove stress；
To avoid the cross-infection between breeding pigeon, every public dove from replacing a pipette tips, the sperm of extraction needs after processing
Artificial insemination operations are completed in 20 minutes.
4, the sperm acquired to step 3 is handled
Dilution selects 0.9% sodium chloride injection (physiological saline), and dilution ratio is sperm：Physiological saline=1：2；Essence
The environment temperature of liquid processing is 15-20 degrees Celsius.
5, artificial insemination is completed with the sperm handled by step 4
Left hand catches pigeon, and the right hand assists left hand pigeon overturning pigeon belly upward, and inwardly, outwardly, the right hand is by tail for tail for head
Educating downward pressure testing allows dove to carry on the back bow, and right hand index finger and mother refer to fix cloaca with tail feathers while pressing one on the other, cloaca
It slightly opens, in addition human hand held spermatic gun absorption 8ul sperm keeps left is inserted into fallopian tubal 0.5cm depths obliquely downward, inputs sperm, semen deposition is complete
Finish, pigeon is put back in cage；Every pigeon changes a pipette tips, in order to avoid intersect sense.
6, late maintaining management is carried out to breeding pigeon
(1) public dove：In the case of normal use health-care sand, monthly B family vitamin is added three times, amino ties up him and high steady
Vitamin C, each dosage is B family vitamin, amino ties up him and each 100g of high steady vitamin C, is dissolved in 300kg drinking-water, improves
Breeding pigeon resisting stress.
(2) hen pigeon：In the case of normal feeding, monthly feed three times Jin Weile and Jin Lehuang (each dosage be Jin Weile and
Each 10g of Jin Lehuang are dissolved in 100kg drinking-water) prevent salpingitis；Monthly defend can, the sour treasured of acid etc. by 1 (defend can, acid acid it is precious
Deng):1000 (drinking-water) carry out enteron aisle health care to breeding pigeon；Daily observation is laid eggs breeding pigeon health status, is chosen paste anus and is had loose bowels, coughs
Individual individually nursing.
Comparison raising example 1：The breeding pigeon with above-mentioned equivalent amount is chosen, is raised together in a traditional way, sufficient water and basic grain are given,
Naturally it matches.
Table 1：The method comparing result of method for breeding of the present invention and conventional husbandry natural propagation
| Embryo rate (%) living | Embryo egg living is good for seedling rate (%) | Enter incubation and is good for seedling rate (%) | |
| Comparison raising example 1 | 56 | 51 | 44 |
| The present invention cultivates | 82.0 | 89.0 | 76 |
The method for breeding of the present invention nutrient fodder source stable since breeding pigeon has, health status are stablized.Avoid mispairing band
The cost come wastes, and sperm is avoided one-to-one with the production of clock synchronization public affairs dove semen quality using the method for mixing essence when due to artificial insemination
Life is fluctuated and influences rate of fertilization.
Comparison raising example 2：The breeding pigeon with above-mentioned equivalent amount is chosen, male and female are separately raised, to sufficient water and basic grain, people
Work is inseminated.
Table 2：The method comparing result of method for breeding of the present invention and conventional husbandry artificial insemination
| Embryo rate (%) living | Embryo egg living is good for seedling rate (%) | Enter incubation and is good for seedling rate (%) | |
| Comparison raising example 2 | 84.2 | 88.5 | 74 |
| The present invention cultivates | 82.0 | 89.0 | 76 |
As shown above, the work embryo rate of method for breeding of the present invention is 82.0% cultivation for matching 1 less than the 1 of comparison raising example 2
Pattern 2.2%, but embryo egg living is good for seedling rate and enters incubation and is good for seedling rate all higher than traditional mode, illustrates artificial insemination of the present invention in mixed essence
Contribute to reduce the low individual insemination of sperm motility afterwards, reduces hatching middle and later periods dead germ, improve egg utilization, reduce cost.
In addition, by pigeon for meat obtained by artificial insemination and traditional pigeon for meat death rate, the equal no significant difference of the data such as listing rate.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1), breeding pigeon pre-processing；
(2), cage in the breeding pigeon through step (1) pre-processing, and carry out the management after cage；
(3), semen collection is carried out to the public dove in step (2)；
(4), the sperm acquired to step (3) is handled；
(5), by the sperm handled by step (4) it is defeated with hen pigeon body in；
(6), late maintaining management is carried out to breeding pigeon.
2. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
Prophase management includes：Sex judging was carried out 30-90 days ages, and filters out public dove of reserving seed for planting, public dove ratio of reserving seed for planting is hen pigeon 10%-
15%, it separately raises after Sex judging.
3. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the prophase management is 30
Its age carries out Sex judging, and public dove ratio of reserving seed for planting is hen pigeon 15%.
4. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
The time of upper cage is 165-175 days ages.
5. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
Cage initial stage carries out semen collection training to public pigeon.
6. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the semen collection training is every other day
Training is primary, and 7-10 rear aspermous individual of training is eliminated in time.
7. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adopted in the step (3)
The preoperative preparation of essence includes：
House internal spraying is opened before semen collection 15 seconds；200ul physiological saline is added in the centrifuge tube for containing sperm before each semen collection, often
Secondary semen collection public affairs dove quantity control is at 8-9.
8. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adopted in the step (3)
The sperm gone out will complete artificial insemination operations in 20 minutes；It is divided between semen collection one day, i.e., acquisition is primary every other day.
9. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that smart in the step (4)
Liquid is handled：
Dilution selects 0.9% sodium chloride injection (physiological saline), and dilution ratio is sperm：Physiological saline=1：2；At sperm
The environment temperature of reason is 15-20 degrees Celsius.
10. the feeding and management method of breeding pigeon breeding period according to claim 1, which is characterized in that awarded in the step (6)
Smart final-period management includes：
(1) public dove：In the case of normal use health-care sand, monthly B family vitamin is added three times, amino ties up him and high steady dimension life
Plain c improves breeding pigeon resisting stress；
(2) hen pigeon：Normally in the case of raising, Jin Weile is monthly fed three times and the happy Huang of gold prevents salpingitis；Monthly provide one
It is secondary defend can or acid acid precious drinking-water enteron aisle health care is carried out to breeding pigeon.
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Citations (4)
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| JPS6098924A (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-06-01 | 藤倉 喜一 | Male and female discrimination of quail |
| CN103931551A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Efficient meat pigeon breeding method |
| CN106308973A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-11 | 梁恭喜 | Artificial insemination method capable of improving pigeonfertilization rate |
| CN106618790A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 四川农业大学 | Drake semen collecting method |
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2018
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| JPS6098924A (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1985-06-01 | 藤倉 喜一 | Male and female discrimination of quail |
| CN103931551A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-23 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Efficient meat pigeon breeding method |
| CN106308973A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-11 | 梁恭喜 | Artificial insemination method capable of improving pigeonfertilization rate |
| CN106618790A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-10 | 四川农业大学 | Drake semen collecting method |
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