CN108383819A - 一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备和应用 - Google Patents

一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备和应用 Download PDF

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CN108383819A
CN108383819A CN201810296755.9A CN201810296755A CN108383819A CN 108383819 A CN108383819 A CN 108383819A CN 201810296755 A CN201810296755 A CN 201810296755A CN 108383819 A CN108383819 A CN 108383819A
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孙远强
任春艳
陈晓岚
刘海芳
梁增强
贾林果
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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备和应用,其化学结构式为。制备方法为3‑乙酰基‑7‑(二乙氨基)香豆素在二氧化硒的存在下,在1,4‑二氧六环和水的混合体系中于100‑110 ℃搅拌10‑24 h,反应液抽滤重结晶,获得如下结构式的化合物。本发明能快速、高效、专一性识别半胱氨酸,结构相似的同型半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽不影响探针对半胱氨酸的特异性识别,本发明设计的荧光探针可用于检测水溶液和活细胞中的半胱氨酸。

Description

一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备和应用
技术领域
本发明属于有机小分子荧光探针和生物传感技术领域,具体涉及一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备和应用。
背景技术
生物硫醇(半胱氨酸Cys、同型半胱氨酸Hcy和谷胱甘肽GSH)在生理学和病理学中扮演着迥异的功能,这使得实现单个硫醇的特异性检测尤为重要。半胱氨酸在蛋白质合成及细胞新陈代谢过程中起着重要的作用,同时,正常浓度的半胱氨酸(30-200μm)对生命体平衡的维持至关重要。体内半胱氨酸的缺失可导致许多疾病,如儿童生长迟缓、水肿、肌无力、虚弱等。因此,开发新型、快速且特异性识别半胱氨酸的荧光探针具有重要意义。
目前报道的基于醛基类型的荧光探针可避免细胞内大量存在的谷胱甘肽(1 mM)对探针识别半胱氨酸的干扰,但是,探针与半胱氨酸反应速度较慢,一般需要1 h左右,而且不能实现半胱氨酸和同型半胱氨酸的区分。因此,急需开发快速、高效、专一性识别半胱氨酸的新型探针。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针及其制备方法和应用,在香豆素衍生物上引入了酮醛的位点后,探针与半胱氨酸反应时,能避免谷胱甘肽的干扰;同时,羰基与醛基直接的相连能增加醛基的亲电性,活化后的醛基与半胱氨酸发生快速反应,从而实现快速检测半胱氨酸的目的;利用探针与半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸反应的动力学差异,达到特异性识别半胱氨酸的目的。
实现本发明的技术方案是:一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针,结构式如下:
所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针的制备方法,步骤如下:将3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素置于圆底烧瓶中,加入二氧化硒,用1,4-二氧六环和水溶解,于100-110 ℃搅拌10-24 h,反应液抽滤后得到的滤渣用水重结晶,得到半胱氨酸荧光探针。
所述3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素与二氧化硒的物质的量之比为1:(1.5-2)。
所述1,4-二氧六环和水的体积比为9:1。
所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针在检测活细胞中半胱氨酸的应用。
所述活细胞为Hela细胞。
利用3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素制备荧光探针的合成路线如下:
本发明的上述用于检测半胱氨酸的荧光探针,包括检测水环境和生物样品中的半胱氨酸。
上述应用具体的,包括:
分别测试探针储存液加入半胱氨酸前后的紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱的变化,荧光的激发波长为394 nm;观察荧光探针孵育的细胞及其加入半胱氨酸前后荧光成像图的变化。
荧光光谱的变化为:以394 nm光激发时,在495 nm处的荧光迅速增强,约8 min达到响应平台。
荧光成像图的变化为:用探针母液孵育细胞,并用共聚焦显微镜,以激发波长为405 nm光源激发,成像细胞中内源性的半胱氨酸;用N-乙基马来酰亚胺屏蔽细胞内源性的半胱氨酸后,进行共聚焦成像;用外源性的半胱氨酸孵育细胞,再用探针母液孵育,并用共聚焦显微镜成像。
上述应用,具体的,包括以下步骤:
(1)配制pH 7.4的PBS (10 mM)缓冲溶液;称取探针,用DMSO溶解,准确配制2mM的探针储存液;配制20 mM的氨基酸溶液及相关活性硫化物溶液;
(2)向比色皿中加入2 mL的PBS缓冲溶液后,加入10 µL浓度为2 mM的探针储存液,以394 nm进行激发,探针具有很弱的荧光发射;再加入20 µL浓度为20 mM的半胱氨酸,490 nm的荧光迅速增强,约8 min达到响应平台。该探针与半胱氨酸反应迅速,更好地适用于样品的实时分析与检测;
(3)向比色皿中加入2 mL的PBS缓冲溶液后,加入10 µL浓度为2 mM的探针储存液后,再加入20当量的半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽和各种氨基酸,394 nm光源照射下,收集490 nm的荧光发射光谱,进行选择性研究。相比于干扰物,该探针能特异性识别半胱氨酸;
(4)向比色皿中加入2 mL的PBS缓冲溶液后,加入10 µM的探针储存液,加入不同浓度的半胱氨酸。通过分析,该探针在生理学浓度范围内有很好的线性关系,检测限为0.58 µM,具有很高的灵敏度,可以应用于生命样本中半胱氨酸的检测。
(5)通过共聚焦显微镜对孵育好荧光探针和半胱氨酸的活细胞进行荧光成像。
本发明的有益效果是:(1)探针合成十分简单,便于操作;(2)本发明能实现半胱氨酸的特异性检测和快速识别,结构相似的同型半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽不干扰探针对半胱氨酸的识别;(3)本发明可在活细胞中实现内源性和外源性的半胱氨酸检测。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1探针的1H NMR图谱。
图2是实施例1探针的13C NMR图谱。
图3是在PBS缓冲(10 mM,pH = 7.4)体系中,10 µM探针分别与200 µM半胱氨酸、200 µM同型半胱氨酸、200 µM谷胱甘肽反应时,反应10 min后于495 nm处的荧光强度随时间的变化图。
图4是在PBS缓冲(10 mM,pH = 7.4)体系中,10 µM探针分别与200 µM半胱氨酸、200 µM同型半胱氨酸、200 µM谷胱甘肽及200 µM不同的氨基酸,反应10 min后的荧光发射光谱图。
图5是在PBS缓冲(10 mM,pH = 7.4)体系中,10 µM探针分别与20当量的半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽及不同的氨基酸,反应10 min后,在便携式手持紫外灯365 nm光源照射下,观察到反应体系的变化。
图6是探针识别半胱氨酸的细胞实验研究图。(A)组和(D)组,是加入探针孵育20min后的暗场和明场的成像。(B)组和(E)组是先将细胞用2 mM的N-乙基马来酰亚胺孵育20min,再加入探针孵育20 min后的暗场和明场的成像。(C)组和(F)组是先用外源性半胱氨酸孵育20 min后,再孵育探针20 min后的暗场和明场的成像。选用405 nm激发波长,收集430-550 nm的波长。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
探针的合成,步骤如下:
于50 mL的圆底烧瓶中,加入448.8 mg的二氧化硒,并加入9 mL的1,4-二氧六环和1 mL的水,于50 ˚C搅拌下加入547.6 mg的3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素。将反应体系于110 ˚C反应,通过TLC监测反应历程,24 h反应结束后,体系冷却至室温,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到的固体用水重结晶后得到化合物为433.4 mg,产率为75 %。
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.94 (s, 0.3 H, CHO), 8.63 (s, 0.6H), 8.46(s, 0.3 H), 7.45 (t, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.70-6.66 (m, 1H), 6.50 (s, 1H), 5.90(s, 0.6H, C(OH)2 H), 4.79 (s, 1.2H, C(OH)2H), 3.50 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 4H), 1.27(t, J = 7.1 Hz, 6H)。
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 192.26, 190.98, 188.09, 161.81, 161.14,159.30, 159.06, 154.25, 154.11, 150.85, 149.11, 132.80, 132.53, 112.12,111.17, 110.75, 110.69, 108.72, 108.58, 97.10, 96.63, 89.03, 45.47, 45.42,12.46。
实施例2
探针的合成,步骤如下:
于50 mL的圆底烧瓶中,加入671.7 mg的二氧化硒,并加入9 mL的1,4-二氧六环和1 mL的水,于50 ˚C搅拌下加入789.4 mg的3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素。将反应体系于100˚C反应, 20 h反应结束后,体系冷却至室温,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到的固体用水重结晶后得到产物。
实施例3
探针的合成,步骤如下:
于50 mL的圆底烧瓶中,加入166.4 mg的二氧化硒,并加入9 mL的1,4-二氧六环和1 mL的水,于50 ˚C搅拌下加入259.3 mg的3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素。将反应体系于105 ˚C反应10 h后, 体系冷却至室温,通过玻璃砂芯漏斗抽滤,得到的固体用水重结晶后得到产物。
1.探针与半胱氨酸反应的荧光强度随时间的变化。
配制pH = 7.4的PBS (10 mM)缓冲溶液;称取实施例1制备的探针,用DMSO溶解,准确配制2 mM的探针储存液;配制20 mM的半胱氨酸溶液、20 mM的同型半胱氨酸溶液、20 mM的谷胱甘肽溶液。向比色皿中加入2 mL的PBS缓冲溶液(10 mM,pH = 7.4),加入10 µL浓度为2 mM的探针储存液后,再分别加入20当量半胱氨酸、20当量同型半胱氨酸、20当量谷胱甘肽,反应10 min后进行荧光光谱测试。图3探究495 nm处的荧光强度随时间(0-30 min)的变化。实验数据表明探针与半胱氨酸反应十分迅速,10 min内达到响应平台,且同型半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽不干扰探针对半胱氨酸的识别。
2. 不同氨基酸对探针的干扰
2 mL的含有10 µM探针的PBS缓冲(10 mM,pH = 7.4)体系中,分别加入20当量的分析物:半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽、赖氨酸,精氨酸,酪氨酸,色氨酸,苏氨酸,丝氨酸,亮氨酸,异亮氨酸,组氨酸,脯氨酸,甲硫氨酸,谷氨酰胺,谷氨酸,天冬酰胺,天冬氨酸,苯丙氨酸,缬氨酸,丙氨酸,甘氨酸),反应10 min后,进行荧光光谱测定,同时,对不同分析物在495 nm处的荧光强度进行比较。图4实验数据表明其它种类的氨基酸不与探针发生反应,不干扰探针对半胱氨酸的特异性识别。
图5为2 mL的含有10 µM的PBS缓冲(10 mM,pH = 7.4)体系中,分别加入20当量的分析物:半胱氨酸、同型半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽、赖氨酸,精氨酸,酪氨酸,色氨酸,苏氨酸,丝氨酸,亮氨酸,异亮氨酸,组氨酸,脯氨酸,甲硫氨酸,谷氨酰胺,谷氨酸,天冬酰胺,天冬氨酸,苯丙氨酸,缬氨酸,丙氨酸,甘氨酸后,用365 nm的紫外手持灯进行照射,不同体系溶液的荧光颜色变化图。图5中能观察到只有加入Cys的体系,照射下非常强的青绿色荧光,而加入Hcy、GSH和其它氨基酸的体系观察不到青绿色的荧光响应。实验结果表明,探针2-1对Cys具有选择性很高,且能特异性识别Cys。
3. 探针对半胱氨酸的生物成像研究
在37 ℃,95 %空气,5 %二氧化碳培养箱中,将Hela细胞接种到含有10 %胎牛血清的激光共聚焦专用培养皿中进行培养。如图6所示,(A)是在细胞中孵育10 µM的探针培养10 min后,能观察到细胞具有青绿色的荧光响应(B)组是先将细胞用2 mM的N-乙基马来酰亚胺孵育20 min后,再孵育10 µM的探针培养10 min,基本观察不到荧光响应,说明探针可对细胞内的半胱氨酸浓度变化做出响应。(C)组是将细胞用200 µM的外源性Cys孵育10 min后,再加入探针(10 µM),孵育10 min后,能观察到细胞有更强的青绿色荧光。(D)组、(E)组和(F)组分别对应(A)组、(B)组和(C)组的明场成像结果。细胞成像数据表明,该探针细胞渗透性优异,并且能检测Hela细胞的内源性和外源性的半胱氨酸。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针,其特征在于结构式如下:
2.权利要求1所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于步骤如下:将3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素置于圆底烧瓶中,加入二氧化硒,用1,4-二氧六环和水溶解,于100-110 ℃搅拌10-24 h,反应液抽滤后得到的滤渣用水重结晶,得到半胱氨酸荧光探针。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述3-乙酰基-7-(二乙氨基)香豆素与二氧化硒的物质的量之比为1:(1.5-2)。
4.根据权利要求2所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于:所述1,4-二氧六环和水的体积比为9:1。
5.权利要求1所述的基于香豆素酮醛的半胱氨酸荧光探针在检测活细胞中半胱氨酸的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于:所述活细胞为Hela细胞。
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