CN108383563A - A method of preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue - Google Patents
A method of preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue Download PDFInfo
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- CN108383563A CN108383563A CN201810390758.9A CN201810390758A CN108383563A CN 108383563 A CN108383563 A CN 108383563A CN 201810390758 A CN201810390758 A CN 201810390758A CN 108383563 A CN108383563 A CN 108383563A
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- steam
- organic fertilizer
- kelp residue
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- fertilizer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to fertilizer preparing technical fields, and in particular to a method of preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue.The present invention is with kelp residue,Chicken manure and wheat bran are raw material,Preliminary defibering is occurred into for kelp residue and wheat bran first,And form pretreatment base-material through explosion,The upper liquid rich in urase is obtained by raw material of soybean,Compost maturity is blended in upper liquid and pretreatment base-material,It can be prepared by organic fertilizer,Alginate fibre in kelp residue can mitigate osmotic stress caused by having salinity and arid,Protein, which is degraded by microorganisms, generates amino acid,So that the hydrophily enhancing of organic fertilizer,The ammonia of generation can be fixed by the moisture absorption in fertile heap,The urase in extract of soybean can digest nitrogenous base-material simultaneously,It reacts and generates ammonium salt,Nitric acid molecule can promote the hemicellulose after ammonium hydroxide run-inflation effect and cellulose to be further hydrolyzed to monosaccharide,To promote the degradation of Kelp fiber,The lost reduction of ammonia also reduces the foul smell in digest process,It has broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer preparing technical fields, and in particular to a method of preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country and chemical fertilizer production and the big country that uses, and the country applies chemical fertilizer from 1949 not
Foot 0.1% to most crops at present plantation all using chemical fertilizer, China's chemical fertilizer total output and the worlds amount of application Jun Zhan at present
First.Status of the fertilizer in Rice Production is extremely important, especially chemical fertilizer, and very important work is more played in agricultural is increased production
With the input amount of chemical fertilizer is in increased trend year by year.
Currently, the composite fertilizer that fertilizer majority is made of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium used in agriculturally, although the composite fertilizer is to agriculture
Industry develops, and improves yield and plays important function, but long-term single administration nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium make Trace Elements in Soil gradually decrease,
Crops are directly affected to the absorption containing nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element needed for crops cannot get
Supplement.Because of improper fertilization, often there is the phenomenon that seedling yellow, burn seedlings or even dead seedling.It is to change with natural organic fertilizer replacing fertilizer
Kind soil regime, antipollution advantageous measures.
Biological organic fertilizer refer to microorganisms with specific functions with mainly with plant and animal residues(Such as feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural crop straw
Deng)The one kind being combined for source and through harmless treatment, decomposed organic materials has both microbial manure and organic fertilizer efficiency
The fertilizer answered.Biological organic fertilizer nutrient is complete, can improve soil, improves and uses soil hardening caused by chemical fertilizer, enhancing
Soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, the ability of fertilizer.Beneficial microbe in biological organic fertilizer is formed after entering soil with Soil Microorganism
Mutual symbiosis Relationship With Proliferation inhibits harmful bacteria to grow and be converted into beneficial bacterium, interacts, mutually promotes, play group
Synergistic effect, beneficial bacterium generates a large amount of metabolite during growth and breeding, promotes the decomposition and inversion of organic matter, can be straight
It connects or is connected in crop and a variety of nutrition and pungent are provided, promote and regulation and control plant growth.Environment dirt can be reduced simultaneously
Dye is a kind of environment-friendly type fertilizer to people, animal, Environmental security, nontoxic.
Currently, traditional organic fertilizer is obtained by the microorganism spontaneous fermentation of heap body, many defects are still remained:1, due to
The type and quantity of contained indigenous microorganism are limited and the limitation of fermentation condition, and it is long that there is fermentation periods, fermented product
Fertilizer efficiency is low, limits large-scale application.2, a large amount of greenhouse gases are easy tod produce in preparation process, and are discharged into greatly without control
In gas, air pollution is caused.3, pathogenic microorganism and parasite can be easy to cause because heap fermentation is not complete(Ovum)Propagation,
And the problems such as nitrogen loss.Also, existing fertilizer, primarily focuses on raising yield or slow release long-acting, function are relatively simple.
4, it largely is not easy to be absorbed by crops rhizome if be directly manured into soil from animal fertilizer or animals and plants mixed fertilizer
And utilization, or absorb and utilization rate is not high, degradation is slow, and easy tos produce height during by soil microbial degradation
Temperature causes to burn root phenomenon.5, having passed through high temperature process in production so that amino acid occurs largely losing in process,
Seriously affect the quality and using effect of fertilizer.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for develop a kind of organic fertilizer that can be solved the above problems to be highly desirable.
Invention content
Present invention mainly solves the technical issues of, for common biomass organic fertilizer at present due to contained indigenous microorganism
Type and quantity are limited and the limitation of fermentation condition, it is long that there is fermentation periods, and nitrogen is easy loss, digest process production
Raw ammonia gives an offensive smell, the problem of seriously affecting the quality and using effect of fertilizer, provides and a kind of is prepared using kelp residue
The method of organic fertilizer.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A method of preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue, it is characterised in that specifically preparation process is:
(1)Will kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran mix after be put into the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device, and be passed through into steam-explosion jar pre-
The steam of heat to 200~210 DEG C after 30~50s of pressurize, is opened steam-explosion jar and is gone out until pressure is up to 2.0~2.1MPa in steam-explosion jar
Expect valve, material moment in steam-explosion jar is made to be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank, obtain steam explosion wet feed;
(2)Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, high-temperature sterilization processing, discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then will sterilizing
Base-material is fitted into gauze bag, is put into the nitrification tank of sewage treatment plant after sealing sack, and startup aerator Air Exposure 15~
20min after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, and it is to pre-process base-material to pour out the material in gauze bag, spare;
(3)It weighs fresh soyabean and is put into 30~40min of crushing in tissue pulverizer, soybean crushed material is obtained, by soybean crushed material
It is put into sonic oscillation instrument after the ethanol solution mixing for being 30% with mass fraction, oscillation treatment obtains sonic oscillation object;
(4)Above-mentioned sonic oscillation object is moved into centrifuge, centrifugal treating, isolated upper liquid, by upper liquid and spare
Compost base-material is obtained after pretreatment base-material mixing;
(5)In the greenhouse, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled up into conical decomposed heap, compost maturity 5~7 days is stood, by decomposed production
Object packs up to organic fertilizer.
Step(1)Described in kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran mass ratio be 10:2:1.
Step(2)Described in high-temperature sterilization processing temperature be 120~140 DEG C, high-temperature sterilization processing time be 30
~40min.
Step(3)Described in the frequency of oscillation treatment be 25~35kHz, time of oscillation treatment is 1~2h.
Step(4)Described in the rotating speed of centrifugal treating be 3000~4000r/min, time of centrifugal treating is 15~
The mass ratio of 20min, upper liquid and pretreatment base-material is 1:10.
Step(5)Described in greenhouse temperature be 28~35 DEG C, relative air humidity be 60~70%, cone it is decomposed
A diameter of 80~90cm of heap, a height of 1.2~1.3m.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention is using kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran as raw material, first through steam blasting, in certain steam pressure and temperature condition
Under, make kelp residue and wheat bran that preliminary defibering occur, and form loose individual fibers through explosion, high-temperature sterilization obtains pretreatment base
Material, base-material is put into nitrification tank and is impregnated, and so that it is loaded nitrobacteria, then again using the soybean rich in urase as raw material, through powder
It is blended with ethanol solution after broken, sonic oscillation centrifugation obtains the upper liquid rich in urase, and upper liquid and pretreatment base-material are blended
Compost maturity, you can organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer produced by the present invention, due to being rich in alginate fibre, protein, sea in kelp residue is made
Polysaccharides, glycine betaine, glycine betaine can be used as compatible solute, can mitigate osmotic stress caused by having salinity and arid, glycine betaine
Also have the function of promoting body cell and maturation, containing relatively rich glycuronide substance in alga fertilizer, such as alginic acid, such
Active material has chelating and water-wet behavior, and in addition during compost, the protein in base-material is degraded by microorganisms production
Raw amino acid, is further broken into free property amino and carboxyl, and the generation of these amino and carboxyl makes the hydrophily of organic fertilizer
Enhancing, organic fertilizer hydrophily enhance the moisture in meeting adsorpting aggregation base stock fertilizer heap and air so that and the peripheries Fei Dui moisture increases,
And during base-material compost maturity, ammonia can be slowly generated, the ammonia of generation can be fixed by the moisture absorption in fertile heap, and one
Part becomes alkaline ammonium hydroxide, and the presence of alkaline ammonium hydroxide kelp cellulose can be played run-inflation effect cause molecule disappear it is brilliant and
Lattice converts, and retains hemicellulose and cellulose, while the urase in extract of soybean can digest nitrogenous base-material, react production
Raw ammonium salt, the ammonium salt then generated can carry out nitration reaction under the action of nitrobacteria, generate nitric acid, the diffusion of nitric acid molecule
Rate quickly, can promote hemicellulose and cellulose after ammonium hydroxide run-inflation effect to be further hydrolyzed to monosaccharide, to promote
The degradation of Kelp fiber, and in entire digest process, the nitrogen in base-material fiber is all converted into organic nitrogenous fertilizer, ammoniation production
Raw ammonia is absorbed by the nitric acid that the moisture on hydrophilic carrier periphery and nitrification generate again, is avoided ammonia and is scattered and disappeared and causes
Nitrogen loss, greatly improve the quality and using effect of organic fertilizer, the lost reduction of ammonia also makes in digest process
Foul smell is reduced, and the compost in the greenhouse of high temperature and humidity, is selected optimum condition, can be accelerated decomposed speed, is had wide
Application prospect.
Specific implementation mode
It is 10 in mass ratio:2:1 will be put into after the mixing of kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran in the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device,
And be passed through into steam-explosion jar and be preheated to 200~210 DEG C of steam, until in steam-explosion jar pressure up to 2.0~2.1MPa, pressurize 30~
After 50s, steam-explosion jar discharge valve is opened, material moment in steam-explosion jar is made to be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank,
Obtain steam explosion wet feed;Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, at 120~140 DEG C high-temperature sterilization processing 30~
40min, discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then sterilizing base-material is fitted into gauze bag, and the nitre of sewage treatment plant is put into after sealing sack
Change in pond, startup aerator 15~20min of Air Exposure, after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, pour out in gauze bag
Material is to pre-process base-material, spare;It weighs fresh soyabean and is put into 30~40min of crushing in tissue pulverizer, obtain soy meal
It minces, is put into sonic oscillation instrument after the ethanol solution that soybean crushed material and mass fraction are 30% is mixed, with 25~35kHz
Hunting of frequency handle 1~2h, obtain sonic oscillation object;Above-mentioned sonic oscillation object is moved into centrifuge, with 3000~
15~20min of rotating speed centrifugal treating of 4000r/min, isolated upper liquid press upper liquid and spare pretreatment base-material
Mass ratio is 1:Compost base-material is obtained after 10 mixing;It is 28~35 DEG C in temperature, the greenhouse that relative air humidity is 60~70%
In, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled into the decomposed heap of cone of diameter a 80~90cm, high 1.2~1.3m, it is rotten to stand compost
Ripe 5~7 days, decomposed product is packed up to organic fertilizer.
It is 10 in mass ratio:2:1 will be put into after the mixing of kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran in the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device,
And be passed through into steam-explosion jar and be preheated to 200 DEG C of steam, until pressure reaches 2.0MPa in steam-explosion jar, after pressurize 30s, open steam explosion
Tank discharge valve makes material moment in steam-explosion jar be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank, obtains steam explosion wet feed;
Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, high-temperature sterilization handles 30min at 120 DEG C, and discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then
Sterilizing base-material is fitted into gauze bag, puts into the nitrification tank of sewage treatment plant, starts at aerator aeration after sealing sack
15min is managed, after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, it is to pre-process base-material to pour out the material in gauze bag, spare;It weighs
Fresh soyabean, which is put into tissue pulverizer, crushes 30min, obtains soybean crushed material, is 30% by soybean crushed material and mass fraction
Ethanol solution mixing after be put into sonic oscillation instrument, 1h is handled with the hunting of frequency of 25kHz, obtains sonic oscillation object;It will be upper
It states sonic oscillation object to move into centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugal treating 15min of 3000r/min, isolated upper liquid, by upper layer
Liquid and spare pretreatment base-material are 1 in mass ratio:Compost base-material is obtained after 10 mixing;It it is 28 DEG C in temperature, air is relatively wet
In the greenhouse that degree is 60%, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled into the decomposed heap of cone of diameter a 80cm, high 1.2m, stands heap
Decomposed 5 days of fertilizer packs decomposed product up to organic fertilizer.
It is 10 in mass ratio:2:1 will be put into after the mixing of kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran in the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device,
And be passed through into steam-explosion jar and be preheated to 205 DEG C of steam, until pressure reaches 2.0MPa in steam-explosion jar, after pressurize 40s, open steam explosion
Tank discharge valve makes material moment in steam-explosion jar be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank, obtains steam explosion wet feed;
Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, high-temperature sterilization handles 35min at 130 DEG C, and discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then
Sterilizing base-material is fitted into gauze bag, puts into the nitrification tank of sewage treatment plant, starts at aerator aeration after sealing sack
17min is managed, after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, it is to pre-process base-material to pour out the material in gauze bag, spare;It weighs
Fresh soyabean, which is put into tissue pulverizer, crushes 35min, obtains soybean crushed material, is 30% by soybean crushed material and mass fraction
Ethanol solution mixing after be put into sonic oscillation instrument, 1.5h is handled with the hunting of frequency of 30kHz, obtains sonic oscillation object;It will
Above-mentioned sonic oscillation object moves into centrifuge, and with the rotating speed centrifugal treating 17min of 3500r/min, isolated upper liquid will be upper
Layer liquid and spare pretreatment base-material are 1 in mass ratio:Compost base-material is obtained after 10 mixing;It it is 30 DEG C in temperature, air is opposite
In the greenhouse that humidity is 65%, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled into the decomposed heap of cone of diameter a 85cm, high 1.2m, is stood
Compost maturity 6 days packs decomposed product up to organic fertilizer.
It is 10 in mass ratio:2:1 will be put into after the mixing of kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran in the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device,
And be passed through into steam-explosion jar and be preheated to 210 DEG C of steam, until pressure reaches 2.1MPa in steam-explosion jar, after pressurize 50s, open steam explosion
Tank discharge valve makes material moment in steam-explosion jar be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank, obtains steam explosion wet feed;
Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, high-temperature sterilization handles 40min at 140 DEG C, and discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then
Sterilizing base-material is fitted into gauze bag, puts into the nitrification tank of sewage treatment plant, starts at aerator aeration after sealing sack
20min is managed, after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, it is to pre-process base-material to pour out the material in gauze bag, spare;It weighs
Fresh soyabean, which is put into tissue pulverizer, crushes 40min, obtains soybean crushed material, is 30% by soybean crushed material and mass fraction
Ethanol solution mixing after be put into sonic oscillation instrument, 2h is handled with the hunting of frequency of 35kHz, obtains sonic oscillation object;It will be upper
It states sonic oscillation object to move into centrifuge, with the rotating speed centrifugal treating 20min of 4000r/min, isolated upper liquid, by upper layer
Liquid and spare pretreatment base-material are 1 in mass ratio:Compost base-material is obtained after 10 mixing;It it is 35 DEG C in temperature, air is relatively wet
In the greenhouse that degree is 70%, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled into the decomposed heap of cone of diameter a 90cm, high 1.3m, stands heap
Decomposed 7 days of fertilizer packs decomposed product up to organic fertilizer.
The organic fertilizer that comparative example is produced with company of Qingdao City is as a comparison case
Organic fertilizer in organic fertilizer produced by the present invention and comparative example is detected, testing result is as shown in table 1:
Using smaller kind of the 200 plants of difference in appearance of organic fertilizer and common organic fertilizer to transplanting of the kelp residue preparation in the present invention
Eggplant nursery is cultivated.Measure plant height(It measures within 90 days after transplanting), stem girth(It measures within 90 days after transplanting), yield and correlation merit refer to
Mark.
1 performance measurement result of table
Test event | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example |
Plant height(cm) | 72.6 | 72.8 | 73.0 | 43.8 |
Stem girth(cm) | 3.94 | 3.97 | 3.99 | 2.15 |
Yield(G/ plants) | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 2.2 |
Nitrogen content(%) | 3.15 | 3.17 | 3.18 | 2.56 |
The content of organic matter(%) | 45.3 | 45.8 | 45.9 | 32.1 |
Smell | It is odorless | It is odorless | It is odorless | Irritant smell |
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that organic fertilizer produced by the present invention, has enhancing soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation, the ability of fertilizer, Neng Gouzhi
It connects or is connected in crop and a variety of nutrition and pungent are provided, promote and regulation and control plant growth, while environment dirt can be reduced
Dye is a kind of environment-friendly type fertilizer, hence it is evident that be better than comparative example product to people, animal, Environmental security, nontoxic.Therefore, have wide
Prospect of the application.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue, it is characterised in that specifically preparation process is:
(1)Will kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran mix after be put into the steam-explosion jar of steam blasting device, and be passed through into steam-explosion jar pre-
The steam of heat to 200~210 DEG C after 30~50s of pressurize, is opened steam-explosion jar and is gone out until pressure is up to 2.0~2.1MPa in steam-explosion jar
Expect valve, material moment in steam-explosion jar is made to be injected into receiving tank, collects material in receiving tank, obtain steam explosion wet feed;
(2)Above-mentioned steam explosion wet feed is put into high-temperature sterilization pot, high-temperature sterilization processing, discharging obtains sterilizing base-material, then will sterilizing
Base-material is fitted into gauze bag, is put into the nitrification tank of sewage treatment plant after sealing sack, and startup aerator Air Exposure 15~
20min after Air Exposure, takes out gauze bag, and it is to pre-process base-material to pour out the material in gauze bag, spare;
(3)It weighs fresh soyabean and is put into 30~40min of crushing in tissue pulverizer, soybean crushed material is obtained, by soybean crushed material
It is put into sonic oscillation instrument after the ethanol solution mixing for being 30% with mass fraction, oscillation treatment obtains sonic oscillation object;
(4)Above-mentioned sonic oscillation object is moved into centrifuge, centrifugal treating, isolated upper liquid, by upper liquid and spare
Compost base-material is obtained after pretreatment base-material mixing;
(5)In the greenhouse, above-mentioned compost base-material is piled up into conical decomposed heap, compost maturity 5~7 days is stood, by decomposed production
Object packs up to organic fertilizer.
2. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(1)In
The mass ratio of the kelp residue, chicken manure and wheat bran is 10:2:1.
3. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(2)In
The temperature of the high-temperature sterilization processing is 120~140 DEG C, and the time of high-temperature sterilization processing is 30~40min.
4. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(3)In
The frequency of the oscillation treatment is 25~35kHz, and the time of oscillation treatment is 1~2h.
5. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(4)In
The rotating speed of the centrifugal treating is 3000~4000r/min, and the time of centrifugal treating is 15~20min, upper liquid and pre- place
The mass ratio for managing base-material is 1:10.
6. a kind of method preparing organic fertilizer using kelp residue according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step(5)In
The temperature in the greenhouse is 28~35 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60~70%, the decomposed heap of cone a diameter of 80~
90cm, a height of 1.2~1.3m.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110330362A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-15 | 清正生态科技(苏州)有限公司 | Cyanobacteria steam explosion recycling system |
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2018
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110330362A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-15 | 清正生态科技(苏州)有限公司 | Cyanobacteria steam explosion recycling system |
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Application publication date: 20180810 |