CN108383530B - 一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种ZrB2‑SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,以八水氧氯化锆,硼酸,正硅酸乙酯,葡萄糖为起始原料,以无水乙醇和去离子水为溶剂。原料物质的量比为:硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100:9‑20:18‑60,碳源过量。分别配制锆前驱体溶液,硼酸溶液、正硅酸乙酯溶液以及葡萄糖溶液,将各溶液混合均匀得到硼硅锆前驱体溶液;将硼硅锆前驱体溶液烘干后,在氩气气氛保护下,1450‑1600℃热处理1‑2h,得到ZrB2‑SiC陶瓷粉体。本发明具有工艺简单,周期短,能耗低,成本低的特点,所得到的陶瓷相粒度均匀、活性高,且无杂质相。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于无机非金属材料技术领域,涉及一种超高温陶瓷原料粉体的制备方法,特别涉及一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺。
背景技术
ZrB2陶瓷具有高比强度、高熔点、高比模量,以及优异的抗氧化、抗烧蚀和热化学稳定性好等特点,是一种性能优异的超高温陶瓷材料。研究表明,在 ZrB2陶瓷中引入SiC不仅可以显著改善ZrB2的烧结性能,而且制备的ZrB2-SiC 复相陶瓷具备更加优异的抗氧化和高温力学性能。
目前ZrB2-SiC陶瓷粉体传统的制备方法主要有:(1)机械球磨法,即将 ZrB2和SiC粉体直接物理混合,这种方法制得的复合粉体分散性较差,进而会降低最终陶瓷材料的使用性能;(2)氧化物硼热/碳热还原法,此种方法虽然成本较低,工艺简单,但最终反应产物中杂质相较多;(3)高温自蔓延合成法,该方法虽然能够快速合成ZrB2-SiC复合粉体,但是所得产物晶粒缺陷较多,且反应过程难以控制;(4)熔盐法虽然可以在相对较低的温度下合成ZrB2-SiC复合粉体,但是产物中杂质相的含量较多,反应难以完全进行。而且,目前常用的制备ZrB2-SiC复合粉体的方法采用的原料大都价格昂贵。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术制备成本高、粉体分散性差、产物杂质含量高等缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,其原料简单易得、工艺简单、热解温度低、产物纯净。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,以八水氧氯化锆、硼酸、正硅酸乙酯、葡萄糖为起始原料,以无水乙醇和去离子水为溶剂,在持续磁力搅拌的情况下,将氧氯化锆溶于无水乙醇中,配制得到锆前驱体溶液;将硼酸溶于无水乙醇中,配制硼酸溶液;将正硅酸乙酯溶于无水乙醇中配制正硅酸乙酯溶液;将葡萄糖溶于去离子水,制得葡萄糖溶液;在持续磁力搅拌的情况下,依次将正硅酸乙酯溶液、硼酸溶液、葡萄糖溶液加入到锆前驱体溶液中,制得硼硅锆前驱体溶液,将硼硅锆前驱体溶液烘干后放置于石墨坩埚中,在氩气气氛保护下,在1450-1600℃热处理1-2h,得到ZrB2-SiC陶瓷粉体。
各原料的物质量比为:硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100:9-20:18-60,葡萄糖过量。
所述锆前驱体溶液配制过程中,滴加少量双氧水、乙酰丙酮,配制成均一透明的溶液,即锆前驱体溶液。
所述硼酸溶液配制过程中,将硼酸溶于无水乙醇中,在一定温度下水浴加热至完全溶解,得到硼酸溶液。
与现有技术相比,本发明将可溶性锆源、硅源和碳源在分子水平上均匀混合,缩短了反应时间,降低了陶瓷相的形成温度。所得到的前驱体在氩气气氛中1450-1600℃下热处理保温1-2h,所得到的陶瓷相粒径为100-200nm,周期短。本发明采用的原料成本低,在相对低的温度下得到了ZrB2-SiC陶瓷粉体,所得到的陶瓷粒度均匀,且无杂质相,能耗低和成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明所制备的一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的XRD谱图。
图2为本发明ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的SEM照片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步描述,并非对其保护范围的限制。
实施例1
一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,具体流程如下:
(1)步骤一:按物质的量比为硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100: 9:40,葡萄糖根据热解完全后得到的碳计算即C/(Zr+Si)=4,分别称取八水氧氯化锆,硼酸,正硅酸乙酯,葡萄糖备用。
(2)步骤二:持续磁力搅拌的情况下,将氧氯化锆溶于无水乙醇中,滴加少量双氧水、乙酰丙酮,配制成均一透明的溶液,即锆前驱体溶液。将硼酸溶于无水乙醇中,水浴加热至完全溶解,配制硼酸溶液。将正硅酸乙酯溶于无水乙醇中配制正硅酸乙酯溶液。将葡萄糖溶于去离子水,制得葡萄糖溶液。在持续磁力搅拌的情况下,依次将正硅酸乙酯溶液、硼酸溶液、葡萄糖溶液加入到锆前驱体溶液中,制得硼硅锆前驱体溶液。
(3)步骤三:将步骤二得到的硼硅锆前驱体溶液,在烘干后放置于石墨坩埚中,在氩气气氛保护下,在1500℃下热处理2h,得到ZrB2-SiC陶瓷粉体。
实施例2
一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,除下述实验原料比例及热处理温度不同外,其余同实施例1.
本实施例中:称取的原料物质的量比为硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100:15:50,葡萄糖根据热解完全后得到的碳计算即C/(Zr+Si)=5;热处理温度为1600℃。
实施例3
一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,除下述实验原料比例不同外,其余同实施例1.
本实施例中:称取的原料物质的量比为硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100:10:60,葡萄糖根据热解完全后得到的碳计算即C/(Zr+Si)=6。
本发明采用前驱体转化法,所需的原料简单易得,所制备的前驱体溶液能够使不同组分达到分子级别的混合,所需要的热解温度低,且得到的陶瓷产物的纯度高、粒度均匀。
实施例1所得产物,从图1中可以看出,采用本发明的制备工艺所制备的复合陶瓷粉体的物相组成为ZrB2和SiC,晶化度高,未见其他杂质相存在。
从图2可以看出,采用本发明的制备工艺所制备的复合陶瓷粉体,陶瓷相为不规则的颗粒状,团聚少且尺寸均一,平粒径约150nm。
Claims (2)
1.一种ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,其特征在于,以八水氧氯化锆、硼酸、正硅酸乙酯、葡萄糖为起始原料,以无水乙醇和去离子水为溶剂,在持续磁力搅拌的情况下,将氧氯化锆溶于无水乙醇中,滴加少量双氧水、乙酰丙酮,配制成均一透明的溶液,即锆前驱体溶液;将硼酸溶于无水乙醇中,配制硼酸溶液;将正硅酸乙酯溶于无水乙醇中配制正硅酸乙酯溶液;将葡萄糖溶于去离子水,制得葡萄糖溶液;在持续磁力搅拌的情况下,依次将正硅酸乙酯溶液、硼酸溶液、葡萄糖溶液加入到锆前驱体溶液中,制得硼硅锆前驱体溶液,将硼硅锆前驱体溶液烘干后放置于石墨坩埚中,在氩气气氛保护下,在1450-1600℃热处理1-2h,得到陶瓷相粒径为100-200nm 的ZrB2-SiC陶瓷粉体,其中各原料的物质量比为:硼酸:八水氧氯化锆:正硅酸乙酯=100:9-20:18-60,葡萄糖根据热解完全后得到的碳计算,C/(Zr+Si)=4、5或6。
2.根据权利要求1所述ZrB2-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺,其特征在于,所述硼酸溶液配制过程中,将硼酸溶于无水乙醇中,在一定温度下水浴加热至完全溶解,得到硼酸溶液。
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CN111187075A (zh) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-05-22 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种自分散超细ZrC-SiC陶瓷复合粉体的前驱体转化法制备工艺 |
CN112174671B (zh) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-07-29 | 黑龙江大学 | 一种耐高温SiZrBOC五元陶瓷的制备方法 |
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