CN108379294B - Process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method - Google Patents
Process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method Download PDFInfo
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- A61K35/48—Reproductive organs
- A61K35/50—Placenta; Placental stem cells; Amniotic fluid; Amnion; Amniotic stem cells
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method, which comprises the steps of pre-freezing fresh donkey placenta at-10-0 ℃ to form frozen donkey placenta, cutting the frozen donkey placenta into donkey placenta slices, freezing the donkey placenta slices in liquid nitrogen, putting the donkey placenta slices into a freezing and mixing ball mill to grind the slices into homogenate, putting the homogenate into a cold trap of a freeze dryer, and controlling the temperature of the cold trap to freeze and dry the slices to obtain the freeze-dried donkey placenta; then micronizing the lyophilized donkey placenta to obtain donkey placenta powder with uniform plasmids, packaging, sealing, and adding Co60-low-dose instantaneous irradiation of the electron beam. The donkey placenta freeze-dried powder with rich nutrient components is obtained by utilizing a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method to quickly and effectively crush the donkey placenta tissue in a very short time, and biological macromolecules of the donkey placenta tissue are fully released into a solution, so that the natural activity of the biological macromolecules is better kept, the specific color and luster of the donkey placenta are kept, the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder with rich nutrient components is obtained, and the production efficiency and the product yield are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of donkey placenta freeze-dried powder, in particular to a process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method, and belongs to the technical field of medical and health-care products.
Background
The placenta is a special tissue for supplying nutrients to a fetus of a mammalian fetal animal during pregnancy so as to enable the embryo to grow. The placenta has been used as a tonic for over 1000 years in China, and is called as placenta hominis in Ben Cao gang mu, and has the effects of calming heart, nourishing blood, invigorating qi, replenishing essence, removing toxic substances, and tonifying blood. Modern research finds that: the placenta tissue contains protein, sugar, trace elements, estrogen, cell activity factor and peptide, and has effects in improving female endocrine regulation, promoting cell division and proliferation, and enhancing immunity. In recent years, the placenta of human, sheep and deer is studied more deeply, and the corresponding products are more. CN1122198A discloses a method for producing placenta powder by low-temperature freeze drying, which comprises cleaning quarantined healthy placenta (containing various human beneficial placenta such as placenta hominis and placenta hominis including deer, pig, cattle, sheep, horse, rabbit, etc.), and placing into a freeze dryer; or pulverizing placenta hominis homogenate, placing into freeze drier, cooling to-45 deg.C, freeze drying placenta hominis or placenta hominis homogenate completely, processing into powder by machine such as ball mill, pulverizer, etc., packaging according to dosage, and sterilizing. The placenta powder prepared by the method has long freezing time, low efficiency and low product yield; the mechanical treatment of placenta or freeze-dried placenta homogenate does not completely release all biological macromolecules of placenta tissue cells and influences the activity of substances such as immune factors, active enzymes, humoral regulatory factors, growth factors, hormones and the like of the placenta.
The donkey placenta contains rich protein, amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, immune factors, active enzyme, humoral regulating factor, growth factor, interferon closely related to immune function and active polypeptide, and is one health food with high nutritive value. However, the comprehensive development of the donkey placenta and related products at present lacks deep systematic research. CN106259790A discloses a donkey placenta health care biscuit and a preparation method thereof, the donkey placenta, butter, granulated sugar, egg, radix astragali, radix Codonopsis, cistanche salsa, flour and the like are used as raw materials to prepare the health care biscuit, and the donkey placenta is boiled in the process of preparing the donkey placenta health care biscuit, and then freeze-dried, sterilized, disinfected and crushed, and the boiling damages the biological active substances such as immune globulin, hormone and the like in the donkey placenta.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method aiming at the problems in the existing placenta powder production technology.
The invention relates to a process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method, which comprises the steps of pre-freezing fresh donkey placenta at-10-0 ℃ to form frozen donkey placenta, cutting the frozen donkey placenta into donkey placenta slices with the length of 0.5-1 cm, the width of 0.2-0.5 cm and the thickness of 0.2-0.5 cm, freezing the donkey placenta slices in liquid nitrogen for 1-5 min, then putting the donkey placenta slices into a freezing mixing ball mill, grinding the donkey placenta slices into homogenate, putting the homogenate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into a cold trap of a freeze dryer, and freezing for 6-10 h at the temperature of-68 ℃ to-50 ℃; then, freeze-drying for 46-60 h at the temperature of-70 ℃ to-50 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 1-20 Pa to obtain freeze-dried donkey placenta; then sending the freeze-dried donkey placenta to an ultrafine grinder for grinding, sieving by a sieve of 60-80 meshes to obtain donkey placenta powder with uniform plasmids, packaging, sealing, and then adopting Co60Carrying out low-dose instantaneous irradiation on the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using electron beams, wherein the irradiation dose is 11-13 KGy, and during irradiationAnd (5) the time is 1-5 seconds, and the natural donkey placenta freeze-dried powder is obtained.
The donkey placenta is a fresh placenta which is inspected and quarantined and contains umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention uses a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method to quickly and effectively crush donkey placenta tissues in a very short time, and biological macromolecules of the donkey placenta tissues are fully released into a solution to obtain a donkey placenta homogenate which is a cell solute, so that donkey placenta histiocytes are crushed in a very short time, the natural activity of the biological macromolecules is better kept, and the specific color (blood red) of the donkey placenta is kept; meanwhile, the whole production process is operated under the condition of low temperature, so that all nutrient components in the donkey placenta, bioactive substances such as immunoglobulin, estrogen and the like are kept to the maximum extent, and the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder with rich nutrient components is obtained;
2. the invention effectively improves the production efficiency of the product by using liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding, and simultaneously improves the yield of the product;
3. by using Co60The donkey milk powder is irradiated by electron beams at low dose instantaneously for sterilization, so that the food loss is reduced to the maximum extent, the food quality is maintained, and the food preservation period is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The preparation process of the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder of the invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
1. Liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder
Pre-freezing fresh donkey placenta in-10 deg.C refrigerator to obtain frozen donkey placenta; placing the frozen donkey fetus disc in a slicer for slicing, and cutting into slices with the length of about 0.5-1 cm, the width of about 0.2-0.5 cm and the thickness of about 0.2-0.5 cm; freezing the slices in liquid nitrogen for 2min, quickly putting the slices into a freezing and mixing ball mill, grinding the slices into homogenate (about 60-90 s), and putting the homogenate into a clean culture dish; placing the culture dish containing the donkey placenta homogenate into a cold trap of a freeze dryer, and freezing for 8h at the temperature of-56 ℃ in the cold trap; then placing the culture dish containing frozen donkey placenta homogenate on a drying frame of a drying machine, and freeze-drying at-64 deg.C under the vacuum degree of 1Pa for 48h, obtaining freeze-dried donkey placenta; then sending the freeze-dried donkey placenta to an ultrafine grinder for grinding, sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain donkey placenta powder with uniform plasmids, and filling the donkey placenta powder into a thermoplastic bag for sealing and packaging by an automatic packaging machine; finally, the well-packaged donkey placenta freeze-dried powder is placed on an electron accelerator, and the electron accelerator Co is opened60And (3) carrying out low-dose instantaneous irradiation on the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using an electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 11KGy, and the irradiation time is 2s, so that the natural donkey placenta freeze-dried powder is obtained.
Weighing and recording the mass of the fresh donkey placenta as M1Slicing, grinding, freeze drying, micronizing, sieving to obtain lyophilized powder with uniform particle size, weighing and recording mass M2And calculating the yield according to the following formula, and taking the average value of three times (see table 1) to obtain the donkey placenta powder freeze-dried powder with the average yield of 12.2%.
Yield = M2/M1×100%
2. Common freezing method for preparing lyophilized powder of donkey placenta
Pre-freezing fresh donkey placenta in-10 deg.C refrigerator to obtain frozen donkey placenta; placing the frozen donkey fetus disc in a slicer for slicing, cutting into slices with the length of about 0.5-1 cm, the width of about 0.2-0.5 cm and the thickness of about 0.2-0.5 cm, and placing in a clean culture dish; placing the culture dish containing the donkey placenta slices into a cold trap of a freeze dryer, freezing for 8h at the temperature of minus 56 ℃ of the cold trap, then placing the culture dish containing the frozen donkey placenta slices on a drying frame of the dryer, and freeze-drying for 48h at the temperature of minus 64 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 1Pa to obtain freeze-dried donkey placenta; then sending the freeze-dried donkey placenta to an ultrafine grinder for grinding, sieving by a sieve of 80 meshes to obtain donkey placenta powder with uniform plasmids, and filling the donkey placenta powder into a thermoplastic bag for sealing and packaging by an automatic packaging machine; finally, the well-packaged donkey placenta freeze-dried powder is placed on an electron accelerator, and the electron accelerator Co is opened60And (3) carrying out low-dose instantaneous irradiation on the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using an electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 11KGy, and the irradiation time is 2s, so that the natural donkey placenta freeze-dried powder is obtained.
Weighing and recording the mass of the fresh donkey placenta as MaSlicing, freeze drying, micronizing, sieving to obtain lyophilized powder of donkey placenta with uniform particle size, weighing and recording mass MbAnd calculating the yield according to the formula, and taking the average value of three times (see table 2) to obtain the donkey placenta powder freeze-dried powder with the average yield of 6.0%. Therefore, compared with the common freeze-drying method, the liquid nitrogen freeze-grinding method effectively improves the yield of the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder (about more than 2 times of the common freeze-drying method).
3. Testing of effective ingredients of donkey placenta freeze-dried powder
The effective components of the lyophilized donkey placenta powder obtained in example 1 were measured according to the method required by the national standard for food safety, and the results are shown in table 3:
4. donkey placenta immunoglobulin and complement detection
Three donkey placenta discs stored in a refrigerator with the temperature of-10 ℃ are placed in a refrigerator with the temperature of 4 ℃ for unfreezing, 10 parts are randomly selected from each placenta for sampling, each sample weighs 10g, the sampled donkey placenta discs are placed in liquid nitrogen, are frozen for l0min and then taken out, are rapidly placed in a freezing mixing ball mill for fully grinding into homogenate, the homogenate is taken and centrifuged for 5min at 10000 r/min in a low-temperature (4 ℃) freezing centrifugal machine, the supernatant is taken and placed in a 1.5ml centrifugal tube, and the supernatant is tested by a BN prospec full-automatic plasma protein analyzer, and the results are shown in a table 4:
5. donkey placenta immunoglobulin and complement detection
Thawing three donkey placenta disks stored in a refrigerator at the temperature of-10 ℃ in a refrigerator at the temperature of 4 ℃, randomly selecting 10 parts from each placenta for sampling, wherein each part of the sample weighs 10g, putting the sample into liquid nitrogen, freezing for l0min, taking out, quickly putting the sample into a freezing and mixing ball mill, fully grinding the sample into homogenate, centrifuging the homogenate in a low-temperature (4 ℃) freezing centrifuge at 10000 r/min for 5min, putting supernate into a 1.5ml centrifuge tube, and testing progesterone and estradiol III by a cobase411 full-automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer; chorionic gonadotropin was tested by a cobase601 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer and the results are shown in table 5:
Claims (4)
1. a process for preparing donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by a liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method comprises the steps of pre-freezing fresh donkey placenta at-10-0 ℃ to form frozen donkey placenta, cutting the frozen donkey placenta into donkey placenta slices, freezing the donkey placenta slices in liquid nitrogen for 1-5 min, putting the donkey placenta slices into a freezing mixing ball mill, grinding the donkey placenta slices into homogenate, putting the homogenate into a culture dish, putting the culture dish into a freezing dryer cold trap, and freezing for 6-10 h at-68 ℃ to-50 ℃; then, freeze-drying for 46-60 h at the temperature of-70 ℃ to-50 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 1-20 Pa to obtain freeze-dried donkey placenta; then sending the freeze-dried donkey placenta to an ultrafine grinder for grinding, sieving by a sieve of 60-80 meshes to obtain donkey placenta powder with uniform plasmids, packaging, sealing, and then adopting Co60And (3) carrying out low-dose instantaneous irradiation on the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using an electron beam to obtain the natural donkey placenta freeze-dried powder.
2. The process for preparing the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by the liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the donkey placenta is a fresh placenta which is inspected and quarantined and contains umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood.
3. The process for preparing the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by the liquid nitrogen freezing and grinding method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the donkey placenta thin slice is 0.5-1 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm wide and 0.2-0.5 cm thick.
4. The process for preparing lyophilized powder of donkey placenta by liquid nitrogen cryo-milling method according to claim 1, which is characterized in thatCharacterized in that: co60And carrying out low-dose instantaneous irradiation on the donkey placenta freeze-dried powder by using the electron beam, wherein the irradiation dose is 11-13 KGy, and the irradiation time is 1-5 s.
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| CN111374990B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-12-11 | 广州瑞铂茵健康科技有限公司 | Placenta capsule and preparation method thereof |
| CN113413995B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-09-27 | 广东轻工职业技术学院 | Preparation method of low-crystallinity curcumin |
| CN115125193B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-04-26 | 广州赛莱拉生物基因工程有限公司 | Animal umbilical cord extract and extraction method and application thereof |
| WO2023053065A1 (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | Osiris Therapeutics, Inc. | Compositions of decidua tissue and uses thereof |
| CN115671138A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-02-03 | 江西白凤仙子科技有限公司 | Black-bone chicken lyophilized powder and preparation method thereof |
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