CN108369464A - 触摸压力感测装置 - Google Patents

触摸压力感测装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108369464A
CN108369464A CN201680071265.8A CN201680071265A CN108369464A CN 108369464 A CN108369464 A CN 108369464A CN 201680071265 A CN201680071265 A CN 201680071265A CN 108369464 A CN108369464 A CN 108369464A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
substrate
touch pressure
component
device further
sensing device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201680071265.8A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN108369464B (zh
Inventor
吕寅泰
秦秉秀
徐寅踊
段成佰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
C&N K K
Amosense Co Ltd
Amogreentech Co Ltd
Original Assignee
C&N K K
Amogreentech Co Ltd
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Publication of CN108369464A publication Critical patent/CN108369464A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108369464B publication Critical patent/CN108369464B/zh
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种触摸压力感测装置，本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置包括：第一衬底，在所述第一衬底上形成有第一电极部；第二衬底，在所述第二衬底上形成有第二电极部；以及多孔性膜构件，所述多孔性膜构件位于所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间，并且根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力而变形或恢复。

Description

触摸压力感测装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种触摸压力感测装置，更具体而言涉及一种如下的触摸压力感测装置，其通过利用根据用户触摸压力纳米膜构件的变形或恢复来感测电容值差，从而测量或感测用户施加的触摸压力。
背景技术
一般通过将在透明膜上设置有透明电极的触摸传感器附着到玻璃盖板(CoverGlass)而制作触摸屏面板。
触摸屏面板通过利用触摸传感器的电容方式来感测屏幕上的触摸。
此外，触摸屏面板利用触摸传感器进行二维感测，即，触摸平面板只进行屏幕的平面上的触摸感测和感测所感测到的平面上的位置。
因此，为了满足用户的多种要求，例如提出了如美国专利第7,595,788号那样的用于触摸屏面板的触摸压力感测传感器，其通过感测触摸压力而区分并运行根据触摸压力设置的程序或应用。
但是，现有的用于触摸屏面板的触摸压力感测传感器具有难以准确地感测触摸压力差并难以细化感测到的触摸压力的问题。
此外，以往在通过考虑用户的设计变更而调整触摸压力感测装置的厚度的情况下，用于感测触摸压力的电极间的间隔变宽，因此具有电容值变小而测量性能降低的局限。
此外，由于制造过程复杂而成为提高制造费用的原因，由此具有触摸屏面板的商品性降低的问题。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种触摸压力感测装置，其通过利用根据用户触摸压力纳米膜构件的变形或恢复来感测电容值差，从而准确地测量或感测用户施加的触摸压力。
此外，本发明的另一目的在于提供一种如下的触摸压力感测装置，其通过使用纳米膜构件，具有薄且均匀的厚度的同时弹性恢复力优异。
此外，本发明提供一种如下的触摸压力感测装置，其通过附加间隔形成构件，从而即使厚度变厚，也与在没有间隔形成构件的情况下测量电容值的情况相同。
此外，本发明提供一种如下的触摸压力感测装置，其通过形成能够供位于纳米膜构件内部的空气出入的通道，能够防止整体排列或层压后状态的变形。
技术方案
本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置包括：第一衬底，其上形成有第一电极部；第二衬底，其上形成有第二电极部；以及多孔性膜构件，其位于所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间，并且根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力而变形或恢复。
根据本发明的优选实施例，所述膜构件可以是网状纳米膜。
此外，本发明可进一步包括间隔形成构件，所述间隔形成构件位于所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间，并且用于形成所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间的间隔。
在此，所述间隔形成构件的厚度可以大于所述膜构件的厚度。
此外，所述间隔形成构件的刚性可以大于所述膜构件的刚性。
此外，所述间隔形成构件可以是通过在非导电性无纺布上电镀金属而形成的导电性无纺布。
根据本发明的优选的另一实施例，可进一步包括外廓支撑构件，所述外廓支撑构件以包围所述膜构件和所述间隔形成构件的侧面外廓的方式被配置在所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间。
此外，本发明可进一步包括用于粘合所述第一衬底和所述膜构件的第一粘合层，所述第一电极部具备多个感测电极，所述感测电极与所述膜构件直接接触。
在此，所述第一粘合层可在与所述感测电极对应的位置形成有开口。
此外，在所述第一衬底上可形成有与所述开口连接的一个以上衬底贯通孔。
此外，本发明可进一步包括层压到所述第二衬底的下部的下表面支撑构件。
此外，所述第二电极部可被形成在所述第二衬底的朝向所述第一衬底的表面上。
根据本发明的优选的又一实施例，可进一步包括：第二粘合层，其用于粘合所述膜构件与所述间隔形成构件；以及第三粘合层，其用于粘合所述间隔形成构件与所述第二衬底以及所述外廓支撑构件与所述第二衬底。
此外，本发明可进一步包括触摸压力感测部，所述触摸压力感测部与所述第一电极部和所述第二电极部连接并测量所述第一电极部与所述第二电极部之间的电容值，以感测施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力。
另外，根据本发明的另一实施例，可包括：第一衬底，其上形成有第一电极部；第二衬底，其上形成有第二电极部；多孔性膜构件，其位于所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间，并且根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力而变形或恢复；以及导电性粉末，其被分布到所述膜构件的内部，并且除了根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力感测与所述第一电极部和所述第二电极部之间的电容值变化相关的触摸压力以外，还实现由第一电极部和第二电极部的电短路带来的附加模式。
有益效果
本发明通过使用纳米膜构件，能够制造具有薄且均匀的厚度的同时弹性恢复力优异的装置。
此外，对于本发明而言，即使附加间隔形成构件，也能够与在没有间隔形成构件的情况下测量电容值的情况相同地维持触摸压力感测性能。
此外，本发明能够通过在第一衬底上形成衬底贯通孔并且在第一粘合层上形成开口，而形成能够供位于纳米膜构件内部的空气出入的通道，因此即使反复施加触摸压力，也能够防止整体排列或层压后状态的变形。
此外，本发明不仅通过附加间隔形成构件而加强纳米膜构件的弹性支撑力，而且能够均匀地维持纳米膜构件的下部侧平坦度(flatness)。
此外，对于本发明而言，在纳米膜构件中包含导电性粉末的情况下，可利用当纳米膜构件缩小为规定限度以上时产生的电短路，来设定触摸压力最确实且明确的等级。
此外，本发明具有如下的效果：通过削减制造成本，并且提高生产率并确保经济性，从而提高触摸屏面板的商品性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的立体图；
图2是上述图1的触摸压力感测装置的分解立体图；
图3是上述图1的触摸压力感测装置的A-A'剖视图；
图4是本发明的另一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的立体图；
图5是上述图4的触摸压力感测装置的分解立体图；
图6是上述图4的触摸压力感测装置的B-B'剖视图；
图7a及图7b是表示在上述图1的触摸压力感测装置中关于电容值的说明的图；以及
图8是具备本发明所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的触摸屏面板的图。
具体实施方式
为了充分理解本发明，参照附图对本发明的优先实施例进行详细说明。本发明的实施例可以以多种方式变形，不应解释为本发明的范围由以下详细说明的实施例来限定。本实施例是为了给本领域所属技术领域的技术人员更完全地说明本发明而提供的。因此，为了强调更明确的说明，可以夸张地表示附图中的要素的形状等。应注意具有在各附图中利用相同的附图标记表示相同的构件的情况。省略关于判断为有可能会使本发明的主旨不必要地模糊的公知功能及结构的详细技术。
本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置甚至能够识别关于一般触摸压力的强度(即，触摸压力)。以下说明的触摸压力感测装置可包括如触摸输入装置那样确定有无用户触摸乃至用户触摸位置的结构。在这种确定有无触摸乃至触摸位置的结构中，可包括用于感测触摸的电极层(触摸传感器)、用于对电极层施加信号的驱动电路以及用于控制驱动电路的控制器。此时，确定有无触摸乃至触摸位置的方式可使用电容方式或电阻膜方式(减压方式)等的多种方式。并且，在如智能手机等的装置中主要使用电容方式。电容方式大部分使用投射式电容(PCAP,Projected Capacitive)。PCAP方式可划分为利用自身电容的方式(Self-Capacitive)和利用相互电容的方式(Mutual-Capacitive)。
在此，对用于感测或测量触摸压力的强度程度的触摸压力感测装置进行说明，省略现有的关于确定有无触摸乃至触摸位置的结构的详细说明。
图1是本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的立体图，图2是上述图1的触摸压力感测装置的分解立体图，图3是上述图1的触摸压力感测装置的A-A'剖视图。
如图1至图3所示，本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置100可包括第一衬底10、第一粘合层20、纳米膜构件30、第二粘合层40、间隔形成构件50、第三粘合层60、第二衬底70和外廓支撑构件80。
纳米膜构件30是具有纤维平均直径为1μm以下的纳米(nm)单位直径的网(web)状膜(membrane)的统称。具体而言，纳米膜构件30为如下的一种多孔(porous)无纺布：通过对高分子材料进行静电纺丝并无秩序地堆积纤维直径为数百纳米(作为一例，600～700nm)的纤维丝，从而存在微细的气孔(作为一例，存在30％以上的气孔)。
在第一衬底10的与纳米膜构件30相对的表面上可形成有电流流动的第一电极部11。此时，第一电极部11可具有包括多个感测电极11a、主连接线11b和虚拟连接线11c的结构。首先，可以以按多个行和多个列具有m×n矩阵排列的方式彼此间隔开配置感测电极11a。即，可以按作为测量触摸压力的最小单位的单元(cell)对应地配置感测电极11a。在此，以具有6×4矩阵排列的情况为例进行说明。这种感测电极11a可以是多边形的平面形状或圆形形状。在此，可具有如图1及图2所示的圆形形状。此外，主连接线11b用于将配置于各单元的感测电极11a和供给驱动信号的驱动信号部(未图示)彼此连接。此时，第一连接器CN1为通过将连接到配置于各单元的感测电极11a的多个主连接线11b收集而使之与驱动信号部(未图示)连接的端子，可通过延长第一衬底10的一侧端而形成该第一连接器CN1。
并且，虚拟连接线11c能够通过补偿连接到各感测电极11a的主连接线11b的长度差而按各单元均匀地调整电容值。换言之，如果连接到各感测电极11a的主连接线11b具有长度差，则各单元的电容值可能会不同，因此，为了补偿这种差而进一步形成虚拟连接线11c。可以以各感测电极11a为基准，在与配置有主连接线11b的方向相反的一侧，与主连接线11b平行地形成虚拟连接线11c。因此，各感测电极11a均以相同的长度具有主连接线11b和虚拟连接线11c的相加长度。
并且，第一衬底10是PI(Polyimide，聚酰亚胺)膜、PEN(PolyethyleneNaphthalate，聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜、PET(Polyethylene Terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜、PC(Polycarbonate，聚碳酸酯)膜及PSS(poly styrene sulfonate，聚苯乙烯磺酸钠)膜中的一种透明材质的膜，但除此之外可以使用工程塑料等的透明材质的膜。此外，第一电极部11可以是具有光透过性和导电性的透明电极，可以是ITO(Indium TinOxide，铟锡氧化物)、石墨烯(graphene)、碳纳米管(carbon nanotube)或纳米线(Agnanowire)等。作为一例，第一衬底10可形成为50μm的厚度。当然，第一衬底10及第一电极部11也可以是不透明材质。在第一电极部11为不透明材质的情况下，可由Cu、Ag、Au或Al等的不透明材质的金属形成。
另外，当在第一衬底10中存在用户触摸压力时，有可能会因触摸压力而产生局部变形。该局部变形为因触摸压力导致的第一衬底10的变形，由于产生第一电极部11与对应的后述的第二电极部71之间的间隔差变化，因此能够感测电容的变化量。
第一粘合层20介于第一衬底10与纳米膜构件30之间并将其彼此粘合。此时，为了使第一电极部11的感测电极11a与纳米膜构件30直接接触，第一粘合层20在与各单元中的感测电极11a对应的位置形成供各单元的感测电极11a贯穿的开口(opening)21。
并且，如前述，可以在一个开口21配置一个感测电极11a。但是，也可以通过加宽开口21的面积，在一个开口21配置多个感测电极11a。与在一个开口21配置多个感测电极11a的情况相比较，在一个开口21配置一个感测电极11a的情况下，当对第一衬底10施加触摸压力时能够防止第一衬底10的排列或层压后状态的散乱，并且能够通过支撑第一衬底10与纳米膜构件30之间的间隔而提高耐久性。
此外，当第一粘合层20介于第一衬底10与纳米膜构件30之间时，在多个感测电极11a之间即在主连接线11b与虚拟连接线11c设置有具有粘合剂成分的部分，在与多个感测电极11a中的每一个对应的位置设置有没有粘合剂成分的开口21。如此，第一粘合层20按各单元划分多个感测电极11a，并且能够在各个单元中感测压力变化。
在此，第一粘合层20的开口21优选比感测电极11a的面积更宽。
通过形成开口21，能够使第一衬底10的感测电极11a与纳米膜构件30直接接触。由于在感测电极11a与纳米膜构件30之间不存在第一粘合层20，因此能够使感测电极11a与膜构件30直接接触。因此，第一粘合层20的电容值未包含在测量的电容值中。此外，由于测量的电容值能够去除在第一粘合层20的部位具有粘合成分的情况下有可能会产生的第一粘合层20的弯曲，因此能提高测量准确度。
并且，感测电极11a的厚度优选形成为与第一粘合层20的厚度至少相同或比第一粘合层20的厚度更厚。第一粘合层20可形成为5μm的厚度。
如前述，由于第一粘合层20的开口21比感测电极11a的面积更宽，因此有可能在感测电极11a的周围形成间隙(gap)13。此时，在第一衬底10上可形成有一个以上衬底贯通孔12，该衬底贯通孔12贯通至间隙13并用于引入或排出空气。即，衬底贯通孔12能够发挥通气口(vent)的作用，该通气口在因用户触摸压力而纳米膜构件30压缩或恢复时供空气进出。由于在纳米膜构件30分布有微细的气孔，因此在纳米膜构件30的内部可包括大量空气。即，纳米膜构件30能够根据触摸压力使内部空气出入。由于这种理由，形成于第一衬底10的衬底贯通孔12和形成于第一粘合层20的开口21通过形成能够供位于纳米膜构件30内部的空气出入的通道，从而即使反复施加触摸压力，也能够防止第一衬底10的排列或层压后状态的变形。
在此，能够通过考虑根据用户触摸压力纳米膜构件30的压缩或恢复速度而调节衬底贯通孔12的大小，衬底贯通孔12可具有0.03mm～5mm的直径。
这种纳米膜构件30可由具有弹性恢复力和电绝缘性的材料形成。例如，纳米膜构件30为通过对高分子材料进行静电纺丝而制造的纳米纤维构件，可以以如下方式制造纳米膜构件30。即，对于纳米膜构件30而言，可通过对包含聚合物树脂和溶剂的聚合物纺丝液进行静电纺丝而制造为纳米纤维构件。此时，聚合物树脂可以是PVDF(polyvinylidenefluoride，聚偏二氟乙烯)、PS(polystyrene，聚苯乙烯)、PMMA(poly(methylmethacrylate)，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)及PAN(polyacrylonitrile，聚丙烯腈)中的任一者。聚合物纺丝液根据需要可包含导电性粉末(例如，可以是铜粉末、银粉末、铝粉末或金粉末，并且可以是两种以上的导电性粉末的混合粉末)。这种导电性粉末包含在聚合物纺丝液内，并且能够通过静电纺丝工艺被插入并均匀地分布到纳米纤维内。如此，不仅能够利用静电纺丝将纳米膜构件30调整为薄且均匀的10～20μm的厚度，而且具有弹性恢复力优异的特性。
此外，纳米膜构件30可替代为海绵形式的发泡性合成树脂材料、合成橡胶材料、硅凝胶、硅油、甘油聚合物及凝胶材料中的一者或两者以上的合成材料的构件。但是，与前述的替代构件相比，纳米膜构件30不仅较薄且弹性恢复力优异，而且容易调节纳米膜构件30的厚度。即，替代构件难以制造成薄且均匀并弹性恢复力优异的构件。
并且，在纳米膜构件30为一般纳米纤维材料的情况下，可以在纤维体的纤维之间的空间中包含硅凝胶或硅油等。
由于纳米膜构件30具有弹性恢复力，从而随着因触摸时产生的压力而发生间隔缩减的变形，产生用于识别触摸的电容差。之后，在解除该触摸带来的压力的情况下，纳米膜构件30在一秒以内快速返回到原来的位置。由此对于用户反复施加的触摸压力也能够每次迅速而准确地感测用户触摸压力。
并且，纳米膜构件30在第一衬底10被配置在纳米膜构件30的上表面的状态下被压缩，可具有比压缩前厚度薄的厚度。即，由于从初始压缩前的制造状态压缩纳米膜构件30以减小厚度，因此能够增加弹性恢复力。作为一例，在纳米膜构件30的压缩前厚度为d2并压缩后厚度为d1的情况下，压缩后厚度d1满足0.2×d2≤d1≤0.9×d2。此时，以纳米膜构件30的厚度为10～20μm的情况为一例，并且以纳米膜构件30的纤维具有600～700nm的线径的情况为一例。此外，纳米膜构件30的厚度d1和纳米膜构件30的纤维线径d3可满足d1:d3＝1:0.007～1:0.06。
第二粘合层40介于纳米膜构件30与间隔形成构件50之间并将其彼此粘合。此时，为了提高纳米膜构件30与间隔形成构件50的粘合力，第二粘合层40可形成为比第一粘合层20相对厚的10μm的厚度。
间隔形成构件50层压在纳米膜构件30与第二衬底70之间，在纳米膜构件30与第二衬底70之间形成必要的间隔。由于纳米膜构件30由纳米单位直径的薄纤维形成并具有非常薄的厚度，因此能够通过间隔形成构件50来调节总体触摸压力感测装置100所要求的厚度。并且，由于间隔形成构件50由具有某种程度的弹性的材料形成并吸收某种程度的触摸压力，因此与触摸压力仅作用于薄的纳米膜构件30的情况相比能提高测量准确度。因此，间隔形成构件50优选具有比纳米膜构件30厚的厚度(例如，90μm)。
在触摸压力只施加到纳米膜构件30的情况下，由于第一衬底10与第二衬底70之间的间隔较薄，不仅被施加触摸压力的部位而且相邻区域也产生变形，从而也有可能会降低触摸压力感测性能。
间隔形成构件50可具有导电性。由于间隔形成构件50具有导电性，因此即使间隔形成构件50具有规定的厚度，在上表面和下表面测量到的电容值也相同。
间隔形成构件50可由如具有导电性的Ni、Ag、Cu、Al或Au等的金属自身或它们的合金制造。但是，对于间隔形成构件50而言，优选通过在非导电性无纺布上镀(涂布)金属而制作为导电性无纺布。在间隔形成构件50形成为导电性无纺布的情况下，可以以比金属轻且所需的厚度容易地加工间隔形成构件50，或者能够缩减制造费用。
通过在纳米膜构件30的下部配置间隔形成构件50，不仅加强纳米膜构件30的弹性支撑力，而且能够防止当用户施加触摸压力时因规定的凹凸等而在纳米膜构件30的下部产生变形。当用户施加触摸压力时，即使在纳米膜构件30的上部产生由触摸压力按压的局部变形，与上部对应的部分的下部也不会因受到触摸压力的影响而产生局部变形，最大限度地维持平坦度(flatness)。为此，间隔形成构件50优选具有比纳米膜构件30高的刚性(rigidity)。
第三粘合层60介于间隔形成构件50与第二衬底70之间并将其彼此粘合。此时，为了提高间隔形成构件的粘合力，第三粘合层60可被形成为比第一粘结层20相对厚的10μm的厚度。
考虑用户设计方面的便利性，可以在第二衬底70的上部或下部形成与第一衬底10的第一电极部11相对的第二电极部71。与第一衬底10同样，第二衬底70可形成为50μm的厚度。即，在与间隔形成构件50面对的表面上形成第二电极部71的情况下，通过使第二电极部71与间隔形成构件50直接接触，从而与第二电极部71形成于相反表面时相比能够增加电容值。此时，由于以覆盖结构将第二电极部71埋置在第二衬底70中，因此能够从湿气等外部环境中保护第二电极部71。并且，在第二电极部71形成在露出到外部的相反表面的情况下，也可以通过将第二电极部71与能够应用本发明的触摸压力感测装置100的各种终端机(作为一例，智能手机或平板电脑等)的内部连接端子等连接，从而作为共同的接地电极来应用。在该情况下，能够通过利用额外的衬底(未图示)覆盖第二电极部71的整个区域而从湿气等外部环境中保护第二电极部71。此时，第二连接器CN2为用于将第二电极部71连接到驱动信号部(未图示)或接地电压的端子，能够通过延长第二衬底700的一侧端而形成第二连接器CN2。
第二电极部71具有完全覆盖第二衬底70的一表面的平板(flat plate)形状。即，可以以在所有单元中与第一电极部11面对的区域相同地形成第二电极部71。第二电极部71可形成为1μm的厚度。关于对第二电极部71施加接地电压(Ground voltage)的情况进行了说明，但施加到第二电极部71的电压并不限定于接地电压，也可以对第二电极部71施加特定电压。由此，可以以在所有单元中测量到的电容值恒定的方式构成第一电极部11和第二电极部71。
另外，可进一步包括下表面支撑构件(未图示)，该下表面支撑构件被层压到第二衬底70的下部并支撑纳米膜构件30及间隔形成构件50。这种下表面支撑构件可通过连接到能够应用本发明的触摸压力感测装置100的各种终端机的框架等而支撑并固定用户触摸压力。即，当从第一衬底10的上部施加触摸压力时，下表面支撑构件防止第二衬底70弯曲，并且防止第二衬底70因触摸压力而变形，从而能够准确地感测触摸压力。
同样，第二衬底70是PI(Polyimide，聚酰亚胺)膜、PEN(PolyethyleneNaphthalate，聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜、PET(Polyethylene Terephthalate，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜、PC(Polycarbonate，聚碳酸酯)膜及PSS(poly styrene sulfonate，聚苯乙烯磺酸钠)膜中的一种透明材质的膜，但除此之外可以使用工程塑料等的透明材质的膜。
外廓支撑构件80在第一衬底10与第二衬底70之间被配置为包围纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的侧面外廓。此时，外廓支撑构件80可通过第一粘合层20与第一衬底10粘合，并且可通过第三粘合层60与第二衬底70粘合。这种外廓支撑构件80通过固定纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的排列或层压后状态，即使反复施加触摸压力，也持续纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的排列或层压后状态。也就是说，为了防止纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的排列或层压后状态的变形，外廓支撑构件80可执行密封(sealing)功能。如此，外廓支撑构件80能够防止触摸压力感测装置100的总体结构的变形。
如前述，由于外廓支撑构件80被配置为包围纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的侧面外廓，因此不仅加强触摸区域内的弹性支撑力，而且通过支撑第一衬底10与第二衬底70之间的间隔，防止纳米膜构件30和间隔形成构件50的排列因触摸压力而变形，当施加触摸压力时，能够通过防止第二衬底70的变形，防止第二衬底70因触摸压力变形而导致的压力感测的不准确。
在此，外廓支撑构件80为弹性系数大的柔软材料，可以是聚氨酯材料的泡沫(foam)或Poron、具有弹性的海绵橡胶(作为一例，闭孔型海绵(closed pore typesponge))等。
进一步，也可以在外廓支撑构件80上形成贯通口(未图示)，该贯通口与第一衬底10或第二衬底70连通并用于从外部吸入空气或向外部排出空气。在该情况下，可通过外廓支撑构件80的贯通口来替代第一衬底10的衬底贯通孔12的功能。
另外，在此，在附图中对第一电极部11按各单元形成有多个感测电极11a且第二电极部71形成平板形状的接地电极的情况进行了图示，但第一电极部11和第二电极部71中的每一者也可以与X轴感测电路或Y轴感测电路分别对应。在该情况下，第一电极部11可形成包括沿横向间隔开的多个X轴电极的X轴感测电路，第二电极部71可形成包括沿纵向间隔开的多个Y轴电极的Y轴感测电路。进一步，X轴电极和Y轴电极也可以形成为菱形形状的金属网格(metal mesh)形状。即，X轴感测电路可具有电连接有形成为菱形形状的金属网格形状的多个X轴电极的形态，Y轴感测电路可具有电连接有形成为菱形形状的金属网格形状的多个Y轴电极的形态。
此外，第一电极部11可以在第一衬底10上通过物理沉积法形成沉积层之后通过蚀刻过程来制造。在此，物理沉积法可以是真空沉积、热沉积(evaporation)、电子束(ebeam)沉积、激光(laser)沉积、溅射(sputtering)或电弧离子镀等(arc ion plating)。此时，可以在第一电极部11的沉积层上进一步形成镀层和抗氧化层。具体而言，沉积层可以是如铜(Cu)、银(Ag)、金(Au)或铝(Al)等的导电性优异的金属材料，在附加镀层的情况下也可以应用非金属材料。镀层在沉积层上通过电镀形成，可以是如Cu、Ag、Au或Al等的导电性优异的金属材料。抗氧化层形成在沉积层或镀层上，可以是氧化铜(CuO)。可通过前述的第一电极部11的制造工序以相同的方式形成第二电极部71。
如此，可以在沉积之后通过蚀刻过程将第一电极部11和第二电极部71形成为2μm以下的微细线宽及厚度。这可通过减少第一电极部11和第二电极部71的线宽及厚度而将电极线的间隔也形成为5μm以下，从而能够实现更精密的微细图案。由此，可以以更精密的微细图案实现主连接线11b和虚拟连接线11c。
并且，触摸压力感测装置100可包括触摸压力感测部(未图示)，该触摸压力感测部通过感测取决于触摸压力的电容值变化而识别用户触摸压力。这种触摸压力感测部被连接到第一电极部11和第二电极部71，能够感测第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的电容值差。此时，触摸压力感测部可利用由外部施加的压力产生的电变化值即电容变化值来确定多级区段并执行多级客体(Object)。
另外，由于在纳米膜构件30中分布有导电性粉末，在收缩为规定限度以上的情况下有可能会产生电短路(short)。这可设定能够划分触摸压力步骤的最确实且明确的步骤。在该情况下，由于在第一电极部11、纳米膜构件30内的导电性粉末和第二电极部71产生电通道而有可能会发生断开(Off)→接通(On)操作即短路。这有可能会对包含触摸压力感测部的其他电路诱发电冲击并增加电力消耗，从而有可能会降低与触摸压力感测传感器连接的其他电路的耐久性。对此，可以在触摸压力感测部与第一电极部11或第二电极部71之间的某一侧的连接线上串联配置电阻(未图示)。在因纳米膜构件30收缩规定限度以上而产生短路的情况下，这种电阻防止因发生短路而在包含触摸压力感测部的其他电路中产生电冲击，除此之外能够解决发生短路而产生的其他问题，即能够解决电力消耗的增加、与触摸压力感测传感器连接的其他电路等的问题。
在纳米膜构件30内包含导电性粉末的情况下，触摸压力感测部能够测量经由第一电极部11和第二电极部71流动的电流的电阻值。此时，触摸压力感测部也可以通过电阻值的变化来感测触摸压力。
图4是关于本发明的另一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的立体图，图5是关于上述图4的触摸压力感测装置的分解立体图，图6是上述图4的触摸压力感测装置的B-B'剖视图。
参照图4至图6，本发明的另一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测装置200可包括第一衬底110、第一粘合层120、纳米膜构件130、第二粘合层140和第二衬底150。在第一衬底110的与纳米膜构件130面对的表面上可形成有供电流流动的第一电极部111。此时，第一电极部111可具有包括多个感测电极111a、主连接线111b和虚拟连接线111c的结构。此时，在感测电极111a的周围可形成有能够供空气停留的规定的间隙113。此时，为了引入或排出空气，在第一衬底110上可形成有一个以上衬底贯通孔112，该衬底贯通孔112与间隙113连接。考虑用户设计方面的便利性，可以在第二衬底150的一表面或另一表面上形成与第一衬底110的第一电极部111相对的第二电极部151。
在此，由于图4至图6的结构要素与前述的图1至图3所示的结构要素对应或重复，因此省略关于此的详细说明。但是，图4至图6的触摸压力感测装置200为省略了图1至图3的间隔形成构件50和外廓支撑构件80的结构。该结构可以在通过缩减第一衬底110与第二衬底150之间的间隔而要求厚度薄的结构的情况下使用。
图7a及图7b是表示在上述图1的触摸压力感测装置中关于电容值的说明的图。
参照图7a及图7b，触摸压力感测部90与第一衬底10的第一电极部11和第二衬底70的第二电极部71分别连接，并且测量随第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的触摸压力产生的电容值。这种触摸压力感测部90通过测量随用户触摸压力产生的电容值差，从而能够感测用户触摸压力。
另外，第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的电容值C与纳米膜构件30的电容值Ca、Ca'、间隔形成构件50的电容值Cb、第二衬底70的电容值Cc相关联。纳米膜构件30的电容值可划分为施加触摸压力前的电容值“Ca”和施加触摸压力后的电容值“Ca'”。
但是，由于间隔形成构件50具有导电性，因此优选从电容值的测量中去除间隔形成构件50的电容值Cb(参照图7c)。即，由于间隔形成构件50具有规定厚度，扩宽第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的厚度，因此有可能会降低第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的电容值C。但是，由于间隔形成构件50具有导电性，能够从电容值的测量中去除间隔形成构件50的电容值，因此不会对第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的电容值带来影响。即，在第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间测量到的电容值可具有与在没有间隔形成构件50的情况下在第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间测量到的电容值相同的值。换言之，第一衬底10与第二衬底70之间的电容值C与纳米膜构件30的电容值Ca、Ca'和第二衬底70的电容值Cc相关联，该第一衬底10与第二衬底70之间的电容值C与图4至图6所示的触摸压力感测装置200的电容值相同。
如果在第二电极部71被配置在第二衬底70的朝向第一衬底10的表面上的情况下测量总体电容值，则无需考虑第二衬底70的电容值Cc，因此只考虑纳米膜构件30的电容值Ca、Ca'即可。在该情况下，即使第二电极部71位于第二衬底70上表面上，当考虑测量电容值的基准时，间隔形成构件50发挥使第二电极部71的电容值测量基准上升至纳米膜构件30的下表面的作用。
图8是关于具备本发明所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的触摸屏面板的图。
参照图8，具备本发明的一实施例所涉及的触摸压力感测传感器的触摸屏面板150的特征在于，包括：显示面板单元151，用于在其前表面上输出画面；显示面板用盖152，被层压在显示面板单元151的前表面上；和触摸传感器单元153，被配置在显示面板用盖152与显示面板单元151之间并感测显示面板用盖152上产生的触摸，在所述显示面板单元151的背面具备本发明的一实施例的触摸压力感测传感器100。
以显示面板单元151为LCD的情况作为一例，除此之外也可以是LED，表明可以变形为多种公知的显示面板。
以显示面板用盖152为强化玻璃的情况为一例，也可以是在膜衬底的表面上形成有用于增加硬度的强化涂层的强化涂布膜。膜衬底可以是透明PI膜，也可以是PEN(Polyethylene Naphthalate)膜、PET(Polyethylene Terephthalate)膜、PC(Polycarbonate)膜及PSS(poly styrene sulfonate)膜中的任一者，除此之外还表明可变形实施为其上可形成强化涂层的合成树脂材料的膜。
强化涂层可以是通过包含硅(Si)或陶瓷(Ceramic)的树脂而涂布形成的涂层或者也可以是利用真空沉积形成的涂层的情况为一例，除此之外还表明也可以变形实施为通过增加膜衬底的一面的硬度而增加针对刮痕和裂纹的耐久性的某种涂层。
强化涂层具有0.3mm以下的厚度而能够进行柔性化，从而能够应用到柔性触摸屏面板。
以触摸传感器单元153包括第一触摸传感器153a和第二触摸传感器153b的情况为一例，其中，第一触摸传感器153a具备在传感器用透明膜上平行间隔开的多个X轴感测电路部，第二触摸传感器153b具备以与X轴感测电路部正交的方式平行间隔开的多个Y轴感测电路部。
此外，虽然未图示触摸传感器单元153，但触摸传感器单元153为X轴感测电路部和Y轴感测电路部在一个透明膜上感测因用户的手等产生的所述显示面板用盖152上的触摸的传感器。
在显示面板用盖152与触摸传感器单元153之间以及在触摸传感器单元153与显示面板单元151之间具备透明粘合层154，并且以透明粘合层154为OCA(Optically ClearAdhesive，光学透明粘合剂)膜的情况为一例。
表明在被配置于显示面板单元151的背面上的本发明的一实施例的触摸压力感测传感器110的实施例中省略如上述记载那样的重复记载。
另外，具备本发明所涉及的触摸压力感测装置的触摸屏面板150优选进一步包括触摸感测部160，该触摸感测部160与触摸传感器单元153和触摸压力感测部90电连接而在触摸传感器单元153中确认感测到触摸的位置，并且在感测到触摸的位置上生成触摸压力信息。
此外，触摸感测部160可以感测大致触摸位置，触摸传感器单元153可利用该大致触摸位置来仅对该触摸位置区域确认精密的触摸位置。由此，触摸屏面板150不仅能够确认精密的触摸位置，而且不会扫描整个触摸区域并仅对部分触摸区域进行扫描，因此能够缩减电力使用。
本发明所涉及的触摸压力感测装置100被配置在显示面板单元151与固定显示面板单元151的固定支架之间并利用一个电容来识别及处理显示面板单元151的背面，因此无法测量感测到触摸的位置。
由此，在因触摸感测部160与触摸传感器单元153和触摸压力感测部90电连接而在显示面板用盖152上产生触摸的情况下，触摸传感器单元153利用互容(Mutualcapacitance)值读取产生触摸的X、Y位置，并且从位于显示面板单元151的背面上的本发明所涉及的触摸压力感测传感器100读取电容值并获取Z轴的压力信息，从而制作X、Y、Z的三维触摸信息。
此外，触摸压力感测部90划分两种以上的压力等级，作为一例基于触摸压力差来区分轻触摸和重触摸，并且作为一例，在轻触摸的情况下利用电容值差来检测压力，在重触摸的情况下通过组合电容值和电容值变化来检测压力。
即，通过在第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间扫描自身电容(self capacitance)值而感测轻触摸，对于重触摸而言，扫描第一电极部11与第二电极部71之间的各沟道的自身电容值。
更详细而言，在用户单纯在显示面板用盖152上放置手指并几乎未产生压力的状态(No load)下，触摸感测部160只利用781pF、975Ohm来进行位置识别，在用户按15g左右的重量按压显示面板用盖152的情况下，触摸感测部160利用833pF、904Ohm来进行轻压力识别，在用户按90g左右的重量按压显示面板用盖152的情况下，触摸感测部160利用833pF、904Ohm来进行轻压力识别并且利用1290pF、560Ohm来进行重压力识别。
触摸压力感测部90使用现有的电容方式触摸屏面板的控制晶片组(TSP controlchipset)的剩余沟道并分为2～3步骤来感测Z轴的压力值。
以上说明的本发明的实施例只不过是示例，本发明所属技术领域的技术人员应能理解，基于上述实施例可进行各种变形并实施其他等同的实施例。由此，应能理解本发明并不只限定于上述详细说明中所提及的方式。因此，本发明真正的技术保护范围应由所附的权利要求书的技术思想来确定。此外，应理解为本发明包含由所附的权利要求书定义的本发明的精神和该精神范围内的所有变形物、等同物和替代物。

Claims (20)

1.一种触摸压力感测装置，包括：
第一衬底，在所述第一衬底上形成有第一电极部；
第二衬底，在所述第二衬底上形成有第二电极部；以及
多孔性膜构件，所述多孔性膜构件位于所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间，并且根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力而变形或恢复。
2.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述膜构件为网状纳米膜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括间隔形成构件，所述间隔形成构件位于所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间，并且用于形成所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间的间隔。
4.根据权利要求3所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述间隔形成构件的厚度大于所述膜构件的厚度。
5.根据权利要求4所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述间隔形成构件的刚性大于所述膜构件的刚性。
6.根据权利要求3所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述间隔形成构件是通过在非导电性无纺布上电镀金属而形成的导电性无纺布。
7.根据权利要求3所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括外廓支撑构件，所述外廓支撑构件以包围所述膜构件和所述间隔形成构件的侧面外廓的方式被配置在所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
还包括用于粘合所述第一衬底和所述膜构件的第一粘合层，
所述第一电极部具备多个感测电极，
所述感测电极与所述膜构件直接接触。
9.根据权利要求8所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述第一粘合层在与所述感测电极对应的位置形成有开口。
10.根据权利要求9所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
在所述第一衬底上形成有与所述开口连接的一个以上衬底贯通孔。
11.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括层压到所述第二衬底的下部的下表面支撑构件。
12.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述第二电极部形成在所述第二衬底的朝向所述第一衬底的表面上。
13.根据权利要求7所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括：
第二粘合层，所述第二粘合层用于粘合所述膜构件与所述间隔形成构件；以及
第三粘合层，所述第三粘合层用于粘合所述间隔形成构件与所述第二衬底以及所述外廓支撑构件与所述第二衬底。
14.根据权利要求1所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括触摸压力感测部，所述触摸压力感测部与所述第一电极部和所述第二电极部连接并测量所述第一电极部与所述第二电极部之间的电容值，以感测施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力。
15.一种触摸压力感测装置，包括：
第一衬底，在所述第一衬底上形成有第一电极部；
第二衬底，在所述第二衬底上形成有第二电极部；
多孔性膜构件，所述多孔性膜构件位于所述第一衬底与所述第二衬底之间，并且根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力而变形或恢复；以及
导电性粉末，所述导电性粉末被分布到所述膜构件的内部，并且除了根据施加到所述第一衬底的触摸压力感测与所述第一电极部和所述第二电极部之间的电容值变化相关的触摸压力以外，还实现由第一电极部和第二电极部的电短路带来的附加模式。
16.根据权利要求15所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述膜构件为网状纳米膜。
17.根据权利要求15所述的触摸压力感测装置，还包括间隔形成构件，所述间隔形成构件位于所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间，并且用于形成所述膜构件与所述第二衬底之间的间隔。
18.根据权利要求15所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
还包括用于粘合所述第一衬底和所述膜构件的第一粘合层，
所述第一电极部具备多个感测电极，
所述感测电极与所述膜构件直接接触。
19.根据权利要求18所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
所述第一粘合层在与所述感测电极对应的位置形成有开口。
20.根据权利要求19所述的触摸压力感测装置，其特征在于，
在所述第一衬底上形成有与所述开口连接的一个以上衬底贯通孔。
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