CN108353577A - A kind of wheat no-tillage planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of wheat no-tillage planter, including rack (1), fertilizing and seeding apparatus, break ground device, the fertilizing and seeding apparatus includes fertilizer box (2), seed-box (3), fertilizer apparatus (4), feed mechanism for seed (5), defertilizing tube (6), discharging tube (7), fertilizer box (2) and seed-box (3) are installed on the top of rack (1), fertilizer box (2) is located at the front of seed-box (3), fertilizer apparatus (4) is installed in fertilizer box (2), feed mechanism for seed (5) is installed in seed-box (3), fertilizer box (2) bottom is equipped with defertilizing tube (6), seed-box (3) bottom is equipped with discharging tube (7).The present invention is by the optimization in structure, to avoid driving wheel from skidding, the phenomenon that driving wheel is stained with soil, improves the working efficiency of rotary blade, meet straw-returning, soil it is wet it is viscous under the conditions of, wheat efficiently, the requirement of high quality sowing.

Description

No-tillage seeder for wheat

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a wheat no-tillage seeder capable of one-time and accurate completion of sowing, fertilization and seed covering under the conditions of no-tillage and straw crushing and returning to the field.

Background technique

Rice stubble wheat is the main type of wheat in the Yangtze River Basin. Compared with dryland wheat, the soil of rice stubble fields is wet and sticky, and it is difficult to plow. In addition, a large amount of straw is returned to the field, which further increases the difficulty of sowing, resulting in the widespread sowing of rice stubble fields. not tall.

At present, the common seeder in the rice stubble and wheat area is the full-layer rotary tillage seeder. When the soil humidity is high, the soil clods are difficult to crush, resulting in poor quality of the cover seed. After sowing, it encounters drought, and the moisture in the plowing layer quickly loses, and the emergence rate is low. Weak, low yield. And the rotary tillage soil is easy to block the seed discharge port, resulting in lack of seedlings and broken ridges.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the defects in the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a wheat no-tillage seeder. By optimizing the structure of the seeder, the driving wheel can be avoided from slipping and soiled, and the working efficiency of the rotary tiller can be improved. And it meets the use requirements and meets the needs of wheat growth and plowing.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A wheat no-tillage seeder of the present invention is based on a rotary fertilization seeder, ZL201521034141.1 model improvement, although the belt rotary method is used for sowing, but the position and structure of the driving wheel, the structure of the rotary blade and the There is a big improvement in the way of covering species.

A wheat no-tillage planter, comprising a frame 1, a fertilization and seeding device, and a soil breaking device, wherein the fertilization and seeding device includes a fertilizer box 2, a seed box 3, a fertilizer discharger 4, a seed metering device 5, a fertilizer discharge pipe 6, The seed pipe 7, the fertilizer box 2 and the seed box 3 are installed on the top of the frame 1, the fertilizer box 2 is located at the front of the seed box 3, the fertilizer discharger 4 is installed in the fertilizer box 2, and the seed box 3 is installed with a seed Device 5, fertilizer discharge pipe 6 is installed at the bottom of fertilizer box 2, and seed discharge pipe 7 is installed at the bottom of seed box 3;

The front side of the frame 1 is welded with an on-hook part 8 connected to the power unit. The driving wheel 10 is a narrow gear. The power gear of the wheel installation shaft, the power gear is connected with the transmission sprocket 14 through a chain, the transmission sprocket 14 is connected with the seed metering wheel 15 of the seed metering device through a chain, and the seed metering sprocket 15 is connected with the fertilizer row of the fertilizer device through a chain 16 are connected, and the driving wheel 10 provides power for the fertilizer discharger 4 in the fertilizer box 2 and the seed metering device 5 in the seed box 3 during the advancing process;

The soil-breaking device includes a rotary tiller 9 installed at the bottom of the frame 1, and a soil retaining plate 11 installed at the rear of the rotary tiller 9. The rotary tiller 9 is mounted on a mounting seat 17 by bolts, and the mounting seat 17 is installed on the rotary tiller. On the installation shaft 18, the positions where the fertilizer discharge pipe 6 outlet pipes and the seed discharge pipe 7 outlet pipes are installed are on a straight line, and the fertilizer discharge pipe is positioned at the seed discharge pipe 7 fronts.

The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that a chain 12 for covering soil is installed at the tail of the frame 1 .

The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the drive wheel 10 installed on the drive wheel installation shaft 13 is two roller-type narrow gears.

The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the base of the rotary tiller 9 and the outlet pipe of the seeding pipe are on a straight line, and 4 groups of blades are installed on each rotary tiller installation shaft 18, and the seeds fall on the ground after ditching. ditch bottom.

The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the rotary cultivating knife 9 is a structure with a total length of 15 cm for removing tangential cutting edges, a groove width of 3 to 4 cm, and a distance of 22 cm between each group of blades.

Further, a tensioning wheel is installed on the connecting link between the drive sprocket 14 and the seed metering wheel 15 of the seed metering device.

Further, a cover plate is installed on the upper part of the seed box 3 .

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1). The driving wheel of a wheat no-tillage planter is placed in front of the planter frame. When working in the field, the driving wheel walks on the undisturbed ground, and the rotation is more flexible.

(2). Change the driving wheel from a rubber wheel to a narrow roller gear, which not only increases the friction between the driving wheel and the ground, avoids slipping and the occurrence of seeding misses, but also reduces the adhesion of soil and straw to the driving wheel. situation on wheels.

(3). The improvement of the rotary tiller, the total length of the side cutting edge and the tangential edge of the traditional blade is 23cm, and the width of the ditch is 6-7cm. Instead, the tangent edge of the rotary tiller is removed. 3-4cm, reduce the width of the rotary tillage, reduce the amount of broken soil, reduce the forward resistance, and improve the permeability of the straw.

(4). One of the reasons why it is difficult to sow no-tillage is that there is straw returning to the field. The traditional full-layer rotary tillage sowing method needs to rotate 100% of the surface, so that the straw will wrap around the rotary blade, making it impossible. normal work. The function of the rotary tillage blade of this machine is to open a sowing belt, which is convenient for the seeds to fall on the bottom of the sowing belt, instead of performing rotary tillage to loosen the soil. If the width of the ditch is narrower, the amount of soil moving is less, the disturbance of straw between the sowing belts is smaller, and the probability of straw entanglement is smaller (there is a curved part in front of the traditional rotary tiller blade, and the width of the ditch is 6-7cm. The front curved part is removed, and the ditch width is 3-4cm); on the other hand, the front curved part of the rotary tiller blade is cut off, the contact area between the blade and the straw is smaller, and it is not easy to entangle the straw.

(5). A chain is installed at the end of the frame of the wheat no-tillage seeder, which improves the efficiency of covering seeds and ensures the quality of covering seeds.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the side view structural representation of the uninstalled chain of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the back view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary tiller.

In the figure: 1-frame, 2-fertilizer box, 3-seed box, 4-fertilizer, 5-seed meter, 6-fertilizer pipe, 7-seed pipe, 8-hanging part, 9-rotary Cultivator knife, 10-driving wheel, 11-soil retaining plate, 12-chain, 13-driving wheel installation shaft, 14-power transmission sprocket, 15-seeding device seeding wheel, 16-fertilizer discharging wheel, 17-installation seat, 18-rotary cultivator installation shaft.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following technical solutions in the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of wheat no-tillage planter of the present invention comprises frame 1, fertilizer box 2, seed box 3, fertilizer discharger 4, seed metering device 5, fertilizer discharge pipe 6, seed metering device 7, On-hook part 8, rotary tiller 9.

Fertilizer box 2 and seed box 3 are all arranged on the top of frame 1, and fertilizer box 2 is positioned at the front side of seed box 3, and fertilizer discharger 4 is installed in fertilizer box 2, and seed metering device 5 is installed in seed box 3.

The fertilizer discharger 4 is composed of a shaft, multiple sets of fertilizer discharge wheels assembled on the shaft, and a hopper corresponding to the fertilizer discharge wheel set. Its specific structure is like a rotary fertilization seeder, application number 201521034141.1, and the fertilizer discharger has 4 shafts. One side of the bar is equipped with a fertilizer discharge wheel 16; the structure and principle of the seed meter 5 are consistent with the fertilizer device 4, and the seed meter 5 shaft side is also equipped with a seed meter wheel 15.

The fertilizer discharge wheel 16 of the fertilizer discharger is connected with the seed discharge wheel 15 of the seed meter by a chain, and the seed discharge wheel 15 of the seed discharge device is a coaxial multi-link gear. Gear, seed metering device seeding wheel 15 is connected with power transmission sprocket 14 by chain, and power transmission sprocket 14 is also multi-link gear, also can install coaxial gear on the axle of power transmission sprocket 14 certainly, transmission Power sprocket 14 is connected with the gear on the drive wheel installation shaft 13 by chain, and drum type narrow gear 10 is installed on the drive wheel installation shaft 13, and drive wheel 10 is installed on the front side of frame 1 by drive wheel installation shaft 13, The positions where the fertilizer discharge pipe 6 outlet pipes and the seed discharge pipe 7 outlet pipes are installed are in a straight line, and the fertilizer discharge pipe is positioned at the seed discharge pipe 7 fronts.

Installing the drive wheel 10 on the front side of the frame 1 can reduce the adhesion of the drive wheel 10 to soil as much as possible, thereby reducing the resistance of the planter to advance, and at the same time, the drive wheel 10 is replaced by a rubber drive wheel with a drum-type narrow gear, increasing the The coefficient of friction between the driving wheel 10 and the ground surface prevents the driving wheel 10 from slipping.

Because the driving wheel 10 is in the process of advancing, the gear on the side of the driving wheel installation shaft 13 transmits the torque to the power transmission gear 14 through the chain, and the power transmission gear 14 is transmitted to the seed metering wheel 15 of the seed metering device, and the seed metering wheel of the seed metering device 15 is delivered to fertilizer discharge device fertilizer discharge wheel 16, thereby guarantees evenly sowing on every inch field, does not waste.

The front side of the frame 1 is welded with an on-hook part 8 connected to the power unit. The on-hook part 8 is modified from one connection point to two existing connection points, and three angle steels are added, two of which are respectively welded on the machine. On the left and right sides of the front side of the frame 1, another piece is welded to the rear portion of the frame 1, and the other ends of the three angle steels are welded and connected at one point. Adding a connection point connected with the power equipment not only ensures the firmness of the connection, but also balances the force on each part of the rack, so that there will be no tipping phenomenon during the working process.

The rotary tiller installation shaft 18 is installed on the bottom of the frame 1, and the rotary tiller installation shaft 18 is welded with the installation shaft 17, and the rotary tiller 9 is installed on the mounting seat 17 by bolts, and is installed on the retaining soil at the rear of the rotary tiller 9. Plate 11 is welded on frame 1 .

As shown in Fig. 2, a chain 12 for covering soil is installed at the tail of the frame 1.

The key point of this machine is to solve the problem of sowing rice stubble and wheat. The sowing of rice stubble field is not dry soil, but moist soil. The absolute water content of the soil is above 30%. As long as it can be sown, proper coverage can achieve good results. Emergence quality. If the compression wheel commonly used by other machines is used, on the one hand, the straw and mud will be wrapped tightly on the pressure wheel, and the thicker the wrapping, the machine will not work. This is why the northern planter cannot be used in the southern rice stubble area. The important reason is that the second is to minimize the suppression and rolling in the wet and sticky rice fields. Once the rice is rolled, it is difficult for the seeds to germinate. This is the one with the best effect after comparing more than 10 covering devices in the field for 3 consecutive years. Once the seeds fall, the coverage effect can reach more than 80%. For the few seeds that cannot be covered, the coverage can be further improved as long as the chain is used to properly drag the stalks and the soil that has been rotary plowed.

A further preferred technical solution is that the drive wheel 10 installed on the drive wheel installation shaft 13 is two narrow gears.

A further preferred technical solution is that the improvement of the rotary tiller is that the base of the rotary tiller 9 and the outlet of the seeding pipe are on a straight line, and 4 groups of blades are installed on each rotary tiller installation shaft 18, Seeds tend to fall to the bottom of the ditch after ditching.

A further preferred technical solution is that the rotary tiller removes the tangent edge, the total length is 15cm, the ditch width is 3 to 4cm, and the distance between each group of blades is 22cm, while the total length of the traditional rotary tiller blades is 23cm long , the top 5cm is bent to expand the rotary tillage area, and the width of the ditch is generally 6-7cm. Compared with the traditional rotary tiller, this machine further reduces the amount of soil breaking, reduces the forward resistance, and improves the operation efficiency and the passage of straw. Permeability, as shown in Figure 3.

A further preferred technical solution is that a tension wheel is installed on the connection link between the drive sprocket 14 and the seed metering wheel 15 of the seed metering device.

A further preferred technical solution is that a cover plate is installed on the upper part of the seed box 3 .

Working process of the present invention is:

Connect the wheat no-tillage seeder with the tractor, respectively install two hitches at the rear of the tractor to connect with the on-hook part of the seeder, fill the fertilizer box 2 with fertilizer, and fill the seed box 3 with seeds. In the process of dragging the seeder forward, the driving wheel 10 walks on the stubble field that has not been turned over. Since two narrow roller gears are used instead, the possibility of sticking to the soil is reduced, and the risk of slipping is reduced. the reliability of the device.

Since the tangent edge of the rotary tiller 9 is removed, the total length is 15 cm, and the ditch width is 3-4 cm, which further reduces the amount of ground breaking, reduces the forward resistance, improves the permeability of the straw, and ensures the normal germination of wheat.

The chain installed at the rear of the frame 1 can cover the scattered wheat seeds with soil, and because the chain is lighter than the pressing wheel, it can avoid soil compaction and improve the permeability of straw.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter, including rack (1), fertilizing and seeding apparatus, the fertilizing and seeding apparatus include fertilizer Case (2), seed-box (3), fertilizer apparatus (4), feed mechanism for seed (5), defertilizing tube (6), discharging tube (7), fertilizer box (2) and seed-box (3) It is installed on the top of rack (1), fertilizer box (2) is located at the front of seed-box (3), fertilizer apparatus (4) is equipped in fertilizer box (2), Feed mechanism for seed (5) is installed in seed-box (3), fertilizer box (2) bottom is equipped with defertilizing tube (6), and seed-box (3) bottom is equipped with row Kind pipe (7), defertilizing tube (6) outlet, discharging tube (7) outlet installation position be in straight line, and defertilizing tube (6) be located at row Kind pipe (7) front；

It being welded with the on-hook portion (8) being connect with power plant on front side of rack (1), which is characterized in that driving wheel (10) is narrow gear, Driving wheel (10) is mounted on rack (1) front by driving wheel installation axle (13), and driving wheel installation axle (13) side is equipped with drive The power gear of driving wheel installation axle, power gear are connected by chain with drive sprocket (14), and drive sprocket (14) passes through chain Item is connected with feed mechanism for seed seed wheel (15), and feed mechanism for seed seed wheel (15) is connected by chain with fertilizer apparatus roller (16), In driving wheel (10) walking process power is provided for the feed mechanism for seed (5) in the fertilizer apparatus (4) and seed-box (3) in fertilizer box (2)；

The device that breaks ground includes the rotary blade (9) for being installed on rack (1) bottom, is installed on the breast boards (11) at rotary blade (9) rear portion, Rotary blade (9) is installed on by bolt in mounting base (17), and mounting base (17) is installed in rotary blade installation axle (18).

2. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rack (1) tail portion peace Equipped with the chain (12) for blinding.

3. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driving wheel installation axle (13) The driving wheel (10) of upper installation is two narrow gears of drum-type.

4. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pedestal of the rotary blade (9) Point-blank with discharging tube outlet, 4 groups of blades are installed on every rotary blade installation axle (18), seed is fallen after trench digging Bottom of trench.

5. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the rotary blade (9) is removal Tangent cutting edge, total length are the structure of 15cm, and the spacing between each group of blade is 22cm.

6. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drive sprocket (14) and row Tensioning wheel is installed in kind device seed wheel (15) connecting link.

7. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that seed-box (3) top peace Equipped with cover board.