CN108350767B - 凸轮轴调节装置 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
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- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
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- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
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- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/20—Adjusting or compensating clearance
- F01L1/22—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically
- F01L1/24—Adjusting or compensating clearance automatically, e.g. mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
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- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
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Abstract
本发明建议了一种具有凸轮轴调节器(2、3)和凸轮轴(4)的凸轮轴调节装置(1),其特征在于,凸轮轴(4)具有凸轮轴端部(5),其不仅针对容纳可液压操作的凸轮轴调节器(2)而且针对容纳可电机式操作的凸轮轴调节器(3)地构造。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种凸轮轴调节装置。
背景技术
凸轮轴调节装置被用在内燃机中用于改变燃烧室阀的正时变化,从而能够在规定的角度范围内在最大的早期位置和最大的晚期位置之间可变地构造曲柄轴和凸轮轴之间的相位关系。正时与当前的负载和转数的匹配可以降低消耗和排放。为了这个目的,凸轮轴调节器集成在传动系中,经由凸轮轴调节器将转矩从曲柄轴传递到凸轮轴。这个传动系例如可以构造成皮带传动装置、链条传动装置或者齿轮传动装置。
在液压的凸轮轴调节器中,传动元件和驱动元件构成一对或者多对相反地起作用的压力腔,这些压力腔可施加液压剂。驱动元件和传动元件共轴地布置。通过填充和排空各个压力腔制造出驱动元件和传动元件之间的相对运动。在驱动元件和传动元件之间旋转地起作用的弹簧将驱动元件相对于传动元件朝向有利方向挤压。该传动方向可以是与扭转方向同向或反向的。
液压的凸轮轴调节器的一种构造方式是叶片式调节器。叶片式调节器具有定子、转子和带有外齿部的驱动轮。转子作为传动元件大多以能够与凸轮轴抗相对转动(drehfest)地连接的方式构造。驱动元件包含定子和驱动轮。定子和驱动轮抗相对转动地相互连接或者作为替选相互之间一体式地构成。转子与定子共轴地且在定子内部布置。转子和定子利用它们的在径向上延伸的叶片构成相反地起作用的油腔,这些油腔可加载油压并且能够实现定子和转子之间的相对针对。这些叶片或者与转子或定子一体式地构造或者作为“插入的叶片”布置在转子的或者定子的为此设置的凹槽内。此外,叶片式调节器具有各式各样的密封盖。定子和密封盖经由多个螺栓连接件相互锁定。
液压的凸轮轴调节器的另一种构造方式是轴向活塞式调节器。在此,经由油压在轴向上移动推移元件,这个推移元件经由斜齿部制造出驱动元件和传动元件之间的相对扭转。
凸轮轴调节器的另一种构造方式是电机式的凸轮轴调节器,它具有三轴传动装置(例如行星传动机构)。在这里,其中一个轴构成驱动元件并且第二转轴构成传动元件。经由第三转轴可以借助调节设备例如电动机或者制动器将旋转能量输送给系统,或者将其从系统中导走。额外地还可以布置一个弹簧,这个弹簧辅助或者导回驱动元件和传动元件之间的相对扭转。
EP 1 571 301 A1示出了一种凸轮轴调节系统,其中,为两个凸轮轴分别设计了不同的用于进行调节的功率源。
DE 10 2010 000 047 A1示出了一种阀控制装置,其具有随着曲柄轴转动的驱动转子、随着凸轮轴转动的传动转子、为了调节凸轮轴和曲柄轴之间的转动相位而实施行星运动的行星轮、为了控制行星运动而自转动的马达轴、承载着行星轮并且与马达轴以使行星轮执行行星运动的方式连接的圆柱形的行星轮架,并且具有润滑设备。润滑设备具有从第二转子的与行星轮支架轴向地相对置的侧面上出来的馈入通口。馈入通口延伸过外部的支承面和内部的连接面。润滑剂经由馈入开口被导入第一转子。
DE 10 2013 003 556 A1示出了一种可变的阀-时间-控制装置。它具有一个驱动侧的转动构件、一个与驱动侧的转动构件的转动轴共轴地定位的位于从动侧的转动构件、至少一个托盘、多个分隔区域(这些分隔区域构成了分隔区域之间的流体腔)、一个滑块区域(这个滑块区域适配到流体腔中,用于驱动侧的转动构件和从动侧的转动构件在它的运动范围内的相对转动)、一个用于限定相对转动相位的限定机构、固定托盘和驱动侧的转动构件的分隔区的固定构件、以及与分隔区域中那个具有接触表面的分隔区域处于嵌合状态的强化构件,其中,接触表面被构造用于,在相对转动相位或者是在最为延迟-夹角-相位(am meisten-Winkel-Phase)或者最为超前-夹角-相位(am meistenVorgezogener-Winkel-Phase)时,承受滑块区域的触碰。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,提供一种凸轮轴调节装置,它能够实现凸轮轴调节器与凸轮轴的特别简单的装配。
根据本发明,该任务通过具有凸轮轴调节器和凸轮轴的凸轮轴调节装置的按照本发明以如下方式得以解决,即,凸轮轴具有凸轮轴端部,这个凸轮轴端部不仅针对容纳可液压操作的凸轮轴调节器而且还针对容纳可电机式操作的凸轮轴调节器地构造。
由此得以实现的是,针对凸轮轴调节器的统一构造的凸轮轴端部或者说统一地构造的接头部位不仅适用于液压的而且还适用于电机式的凸轮轴调节器,并且避免了凸轮轴调节器错误地装配到不是为之预设的凸轮轴上。
对于液压的凸轮轴调节器,为了中央磁体的运行,为中央阀并且为电机式的凸轮轴调节器预设了一个电动机。如果凸轮轴调节器不当地装配到了错误的凸轮轴端部上,也会导致错误的致动机构对着错误地构建的凸轮轴调节器。结果就可能需要麻烦地进行拆卸。这种情况根据本发明得以避免。根据本发明的设计方案因此还以有利的方式设置,用于致动机构的接头部位构造成相同的。
根据本发明,凸轮轴端部具有两个不同的用于容纳螺栓的螺纹。因此有利的是,是使用简单的没有用于固定电机式的凸轮轴调节器的阀功能的中央螺栓,还是使用用于固定液压的凸轮轴调节器的中央阀螺栓/中央螺栓作为固定器件,并不是关键性的。每个螺纹是为相应的应用场合设计的。如果为相应的输入轴或输出轴设计的凸轮轴调节器按照规定安装,那么就留下了相应的不使用的没有功能的螺纹。
在有利的设计方案中,凸轮轴端部具有针对可液压操作的凸轮轴调节器构造的油引导部。以有利的方式,油引导部由固定器件,例如中央螺栓或者中央阀螺栓,和凸轮轴的壁构成。作为替选可以在凸轮轴中的和/或固定器件中设置钻孔用于轴向地导引油。
在另一种有利的设计方案中,凸轮轴端部具有针对可电机地操作的凸轮轴调节器构造的油引导部。以有利的方式,该油引导部由固定器件,例如中央螺栓或者中央阀螺栓,和凸轮轴的壁构成。作为替选可以在凸轮轴中的和/或固定器件中设置钻孔用于轴向地导引油。
通过根据本发明的布置方式,实现了具有特定功能的凸轮轴调节器在多个凸轮轴中的其中一个上的装配的灵活性。
附图说明
在附图中示出了本发明的实施例。
在附图中:
图1示出具有电机式凸轮轴调节器并且具有统一构造的凸轮轴的凸轮轴调节装置,以及
图2示出具有液压的凸轮轴调节器并且具有按照图1所示的统一构造的凸轮轴的凸轮轴调节装置。
具体实施方式
图1示出具有电机式凸轮轴调节器3并且具有统一构造的凸轮轴端部5的凸轮轴调节装置1。
图2示出具有液压的凸轮轴调节器2并且具有按照图1所示的、统一构造的凸轮轴端部5的凸轮轴调节装置1。
图1和图2中的凸轮轴调节装置的区别在于,在凸轮轴4的凸轮轴端部5上固定的是电机式的还是液压的凸轮轴调节器2、3。凸轮轴端部4在两种实施方式中根据本发明一样地构造,并且具有两个相互不同的螺纹11、12,构造成螺栓6的固定器件嵌入其中。针对电机式的凸轮轴调节器3,螺栓6构造成简单的中央螺栓14。为液压的凸轮轴调节器2设计了具有阀功能的螺栓6,也就是中央阀螺栓15。中央阀螺栓15和中央螺栓14嵌入到分别为各个螺栓构造所设计的螺纹11、12中。针对电机式凸轮轴调节器3的中央螺栓14连同凸轮轴4的壁或凸轮轴端部5构成间隙形式的油引导部7。用来将油传送到凸轮轴4中的径向钻孔13在沿着凸轮轴调节装置1的转动轴的轴向方向上布置在螺纹11和凸轮轴调节器3之间。为了润滑电机式凸轮轴调节器3的传动机构所需要的油轴向地经由油引导部7输送。基于凸轮轴端部5的统一性,油引导部7也由适用于中央阀螺栓15的螺纹12和螺栓6的螺杆构成。
区别于图1,按照图2所示的凸轮轴调节系统1利用液压的凸轮轴调节器2借助构造成中央阀螺栓15的螺栓6固定在凸轮轴端部5上。油朝向油引导部8再次从径向钻孔13被导入凸轮轴端部5的内部,区别在于,由于缺乏适用于电机式的凸轮轴调节器3的螺栓6,容纳量明显更大并且油流轴向地输送给中央阀螺栓15。螺纹11虽然仍然是油引导部8的起限定作用的部分,然而就进行固定而言是没有作用的。
在图1中,为了操作凸轮轴调节装置1,电动机9与电机式的凸轮轴调节器3轴向相邻地布置。电动机9由壳体部件16容纳。
在图2中,为了操作凸轮轴调节装置1,中央磁体10与液压的凸轮轴调节器2轴向相邻地布置。中央磁体10由壳体部件16容纳。以有利的方式,壳体部件16或者说用于电动机9或中央磁体10的容纳部的构造被构造成相同的,从而提升了装配中的灵活性。
附图标记列表
1)凸轮轴调节装置
2)凸轮轴调节器(液压的)
3)凸轮轴调节器(电机式的)
4)凸轮轴
5)凸轮轴端部
6)螺栓
7)油引导部
8)油引导部
9)电动机
10)中央磁体
11)螺纹
12)螺纹
13)径向钻孔
14)中央螺栓
15)中央阀螺栓
16)壳体部件
Claims (3)
1.一种具有凸轮轴调节器(2、3)和凸轮轴(4)的凸轮轴调节装置(1),其特征在于,所述凸轮轴(4)具有凸轮轴端部(5),不仅针对容纳能液压操作的凸轮轴调节器(2)而且还针对容纳能电机式操作的凸轮轴调节器(3)地构造,其中,所述凸轮轴端部(5)具有两个不同的用于容纳螺栓(6)的螺纹,所述能液压操作的凸轮轴调节器(2)、所述能电机式操作的凸轮轴调节器(3)能够分别借助不同的螺栓容纳在所述两个不同的螺纹中而紧固。
2.根据权利要求1所述的凸轮轴调节装置(1),其特征在于,所述凸轮轴端部(5)具有油引导部(7),油引导部为能液压操作的凸轮轴调节器(2)而构成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的凸轮轴调节装置(1),其特征在于,所述凸轮轴端部(5)具有油引导部(8),油引导部为能电机式操作的凸轮轴调节器(3)构成。
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PCT/DE2016/200368 WO2017071698A1 (de) | 2015-10-28 | 2016-08-10 | Nockenwellenverstellvorrichtung |
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WO2017071700A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
DE102016214502B4 (de) | 2022-03-10 |
DE102016214502A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
DE102016214503B4 (de) | 2022-03-10 |
DE102016214501B4 (de) | 2021-07-29 |
DE102016214503A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
DE102016214501A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
CN108350768B (zh) | 2021-01-12 |
US20180245487A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
US10415437B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
US10480359B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
US20180283231A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
CN108350768A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
CN108350767A (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
WO2017071699A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
WO2017071698A1 (de) | 2017-05-04 |
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