CN108349167A - 用于成型、填充和密封模具的装置和方法以及由其形成的包装 - Google Patents

用于成型、填充和密封模具的装置和方法以及由其形成的包装 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108349167A
CN108349167A CN201680064730.5A CN201680064730A CN108349167A CN 108349167 A CN108349167 A CN 108349167A CN 201680064730 A CN201680064730 A CN 201680064730A CN 108349167 A CN108349167 A CN 108349167A
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China
Prior art keywords
plastic foil
heat seal
sealing
flange
less
Prior art date
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Pending
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CN201680064730.5A
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English (en)
Inventor
塔里克·赛义德
巴尔特·阿尔贝图斯·许贝特斯·埃斯谢特·范·德恩
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SABIC Global Technologies BV
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SABIC Global Technologies BV
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Publication of CN108349167A publication Critical patent/CN108349167A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/349—Cooling the welding zone on the welding spot
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/03—After-treatments in the joint area
    • B29C66/034—Thermal after-treatments
    • B29C66/0342—Cooling, e.g. transporting through welding and cooling zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
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    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
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    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26—Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B65B51/30—Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
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    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/20—Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the webs being formed into tubes in situ around the filling nozzles
    • B65B9/22—Forming shoulders; Tube formers

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Abstract

本申请提供了用于膜密封模具的装置和方法，且具体地涉及用于成型、填充和密封(FFS)过程中的膜密封模具的装置和方法。用于密封塑料膜材料的装置包括加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘(110)，所述加热凸缘(110)设置成当塑料膜(120)与加热凸缘(110)接触时，加热凸缘(110)在塑料膜(120)上形成热密封件；和冷却机构，所述冷却机构包括气体喷射管道，所述气体喷射管道定向成以在0°至60°之间的接触角接触塑料膜(120)上的热密封件，使得形成在塑料膜(120)上的热密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却至小于或等于40℃的温度，从而形成密封的塑料膜。

Description

用于成型、填充和密封模具的装置和方法以及由其形成的 包装
技术领域
本公开涉及用于膜密封模具的装置和方法，且更具体地涉及用于成型、填充和密封(form,fill,and seal)(FFS)过程中的膜密封模具的装置和方法。
背景技术
成型、填充和密封(FFS)过程，更具体地为垂直成型、填充和密封(vertical form,fill,and seal)(VFFS)过程，已被用于包装各种食品、饮料和其他产品。
这种过程通常包括使用供给到成型管(forming tube)的一卷膜。当膜的中心接近成型管时，膜的边缘围绕管缠绕并向下拉动膜，使得可以通过垂直热密封条在膜的边缘上形成垂直接缝。由于将塑料边缘熔化在一起，因此通常形成包装的背密封的垂直接缝成为膜的结合边缘，从而产生由塑料形成的管。
然后，包装(packaging)或装袋(bagging)过程包括密封该管的底部边缘的一个或多个水平条棒，以可以进行包装的填充。然后，一个或多个密封条棒密封该包装，以在袋被填充后形成顶部密封件，且剩余的膜可以被切除或去除。
这样的过程通常导致具有顶部密封件、底部密封件或顶部和底部密封件的包装，其具有不足的密封强度、包含皱纹、容易撕裂或者另外地可能缺乏美学外观或表现出不期望的视觉吸引力。
因此，在本领域中仍然需要适用于成型、填充和密封过程的改进装置和方法。
发明内容
本文提供了用于成型、填充和密封(FFS)过程的装置和方法以及由其形成的包装。
一方面，一种用于密封塑料膜材料的装置包括加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘(heating lip)，所述加热凸缘设置成当塑料膜与加热凸缘接触时，加热凸缘在塑料膜上形成热密封件；和冷却机构，所述冷却机构包括气体喷射管道(gas jet duct)，所述气体喷射管道定向为使得气体射流(gas jet)能够以0-60°之间的接触角接触塑料膜上的热密封件，使得形成在塑料膜上的热密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却至小于或等于40℃的温度，以形成密封的塑料膜。
在其他方面，在塑料膜上形成密封件的方法包括：将塑料膜引入到包括模具的装置，所述装置包括包含加热凸缘的加热机构，和包含气体喷射管道的冷却机构；和使用所述密封凸缘在塑料膜上形成热密封件；从塑料膜上取下密封凸缘；以及用气体射流冷却热密封件以形成密封的塑料膜，其中热密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却至小于或等于40℃的温度。
通过下面附图和详细描述例示上述和其它特征。
附图说明
现在参考附图，它们是示例性实施方案，并且其中相同元素的编号相同。
图1示出了适用于根据本文的成型、填充和密封的流程图。
图2示出了适用于根据本文的模具的前视图。
图3示出了适用于根据本文的模具的侧视图。
图4示出了适用于根据本文的另一方面的模具的侧视图。
具体实施方式
因此，本文提供了用于形成包装的装置和方法。在一些方面，所使用的方法包括成型、填充和密封过程(FFS)，更具体地，垂直成型、填充和密封(VFFS)过程。该装置和方法允许改进的密封特性以及改进的美学特征(例如，所形成的包装的较少起皱或卷曲)。可以根据本文提供的装置和方法形成的包装可以包括前述中的一种或多种：食品储存包装、液体(例如，饮料)储存包装、化妆品储存包装、肥皂储存包装、药品包装。
现在参考图1，示出了用于包装过程的流程图。这样的过程可以包括例如垂直成型、填充和密封(VFFS)过程。过程10包括提供膜20(例如，本文所讨论的膜120或膜133)以形成管30，使得膜20围绕成型管(forming tube)30卷绕并且可以在VFFS过程中向下拉，从而形成管。背密封步骤40的形成可以包括密封围绕成型管30卷绕的膜20的边缘的垂直热密封条棒或机构。然后，可以将成型的管向下拉并且可以使用如本文所讨论的热密封模具来形成底部密封件50，从而形成敞开包装(open package)。包装60的填充包括用期望的食品、液体或其他产品填充包装，接着形成顶部密封件70以及随后的加工和完成的包装80。过程10可以是间歇或连续过程。
应该理解，本文提供的膜和过程的使用不限于VFFS。如上所述，可以采用替代的装置和过程，使得水平成型、填充和密封(horizontal form,fill,and seal)(HFFS)过程或双网包装(dual web packaging)可以与塑料膜结合使用。
现在参考图2，图2示出了模具密封条棒100的前视图。模具装置100包括加热机构，该加热机构包括热密封凸缘110，和冷却机构，该冷却机构包括气体管道112，该气体管道112布置成提供气体冷却(例如，图3和图4所示的气体喷流114a、114b或114a和114b)至膜120或133(紧接着在通过热密封凸缘110的热密封之后)。热密封凸缘110可以是目前可商购的类型。气体射流的气体可以是惰性气体(例如，在一组给定条件下不发生化学反应的气体)。例如，气体包括空气(例如，压缩空气)、氮气、氦气和包含前述的组合。在一些布置中，可以基于便利性和成本来使用气体射流(例如，空气射流)。
如本领域已知的，膜120可以由常规膜材料形成。
在一些方面，可以在过程中使用单个模具100以形成塑料密封件。在这种情况下，可将模具压靠在其间具有膜120(或本文所讨论的膜133)的表面上以产生期望的热密封件和冷却。气体射流(例如，空气射流)的角度可选择为接触足够量的刚刚形成的热密封件以提供足够的冷却和密封。在一些方面，气体射流(例如，空气射流)将布置成接触待冷却的整个热密封件。如果气体射流(例如，空气射流)的角度太低或太高，则气体射流(例如，空气射流)可能会错过接触期望的热密封件或仅接触一部分期望的热密封件，使得由此形成不足够的密封件或另外地缺乏美感的密封件。
从图3中可以更详细地看出，在操作中，100可以包括例如两个半模(die halves)100a和100b，以用于通过在40-350℃(例如，40℃至160℃或200℃至300℃，取决于膜的熔化温度)的范围内的温度内围绕膜120向内闭合模具来夹紧(clamp)或密封(seal)膜120，这取决于膜使用的材料的类型。可用于该过程中的温度范围取决于各种因素，例如所用的聚合物和其他加工条件。例如，形成的密封件和密封件的强度部分地取决于膜的厚度和组成。温度是加热温度，其将在小于或等于2秒内熔化膜的组合物，同时允许密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却到小于或等于40℃的温度。例如，该过程可用于将塑料膜加热至塑料膜的熔化温度，例如在小于或等于2秒内，例如小于或等于1秒，或者甚至小于或等于0.5秒；从而形成热密封件。然后可在小于或等于5秒的时间内将该热密封件冷却至小于或等于40℃(例如，小于或等于30℃，例如20℃至40℃)，例如小于或等于4秒或小于或等于3秒，例如在1至5秒或1至3秒内。
在一些方面，加热机构配置成在100-250℃的温度范围内向塑料膜提供热密封。热密封凸缘110a和110b因此接触膜120以形成密封件，例如包装的底部密封件或包装122的顶部密封件。在一个连续的过程中，形成的密封件可以依次是填充包装的顶部密封件和下一个包装的底部密封件。然后，可将包装依次地分离。
在形成密封件之后，撤回模具。当撤回模具时，气体(例如，空气)管道112a和112b布置成立即(例如，在几毫秒内，即几乎瞬时地)提供气体射流(例如，空气射流)114a和114b，该气体射流(例如，空气射流)114a和114b布置成接触刚刚形成的密封件，并将密封件冷却至期望温度。例如，可在小于或等于5秒内提供通过气体射流的冷却；在某些情况下，小于或等于4秒；并且在其他情况下小于或等于3秒。在其他方面中，可在小于约2秒内提供通过气体射流的冷却；并且在某些情况下，小于1秒。诸如114a、114b或114a和114b的气体射流(例如，空气射流)布置成以适当的角度(例如，αa、αb或αa和αb)接触在膜120上形成的密封件。αa和αb可以是布置成为膜120上的密封件提供期望的冷却的任何角度。αa、αb或αa和αb可以是例如0-60°。在其他方面，角度αa、αb或αa和αb可以是15-60°。可以选择气体射流(例如，空气射流)的角度以接触足够量的刚刚形成的热密封件以提供冷却和密封，使得在小于或等于5秒内达到小于或等于40℃的冷却温度。在一些方面，气体射流(例如，空气射流)将布置成接触待冷却的整个热密封件。如果气体射流(例如，空气射流)的角度太低或太高，则气体射流(例如，空气射流)可能会错过接触期望的热密封件或仅接触一部分期望的热密封件，使得由此形成不足够的密封件或另外地缺乏美感的密封件。期望的压力和温度可以基于待密封的材料的类型和/或待形成的期望密封件的强度来确定。在一些方面，冷却机构和气体(例如，空气)管道112a和112b布置成在小于40℃的温度范围内分别提供气体射流(例如，空气射流)114a和114b(例如，小于20℃，例如0至40℃或0至20℃，或甚至0至10℃)，使得塑料膜上的热密封件可以在1至5秒内急冷。以这种方式，可以形成密封包装122，其具有改进的密封特性和美学特征(例如，包装的较少起皱或卷曲)。在一些方面，可以连续的方式形成包装122。
模具可以布置成当撤回热密封凸缘时，启动冷却机构以提供气体射流(例如，空气射流)并因此在密封件处提供冷却。因此，热密封凸缘不被冷却机构冷却，因为热密封凸缘的撤回的开始被设置为启动冷却过程。密封时间可以根据条件以及要形成的密封件和要使用的材料的设置而变化。预计冷却机构将允许比常规冷却时间至少40％更少的冷却时间，即，本文中使用冷却机构的冷却时间可以允许由相同材料和条件形成的热密封件在比简单地使用用于冷却的环境条件来冷却热密封件所需的时间至少40％更少的时间内冷却到环境情况。因此，本文提供的冷却机构允许改进的密封件以及更快的过程。在一些方面中，预计冷却机构将允许比常规冷却时间至少50％更少的冷却时间，并且在其他方面中，预计冷却机构将允许比常规冷却时间至少60％更少的冷却时间。
不期望受理论束缚，预计在一些情况下，密封强度可以与使用常规冷却时大致相同或更好。然而，由于本文提供的冷却速率可以提高，因此密封强度可以比常规冷却更快地达到其期望的强度。因此，整体生产时间可能会更快，由此提高效率。此外，通过使用本文提供的更有效的冷却，还可以降低密封时间。例如，可将密封条棒设置在更高的温度下，因此更快地形成密封件(即，更高的温度差dT，因此更高的热流)。在这种情况下，在打开条棒后，密封件将具有更高的温度，但由于强制冷却，冷却期间的热流也更高。
预期由本文提供的方法和装置提供的密封件具有改进的密封特性和美学特征(例如，包装的较少起皱或卷曲)。可以使用ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B标准来测量由该装置和方法形成的密封件。
该装置和方法可以与各种膜材料一起使用以形成具有期望特性的包装。例如并且同时不被解释为限制性的，各种已知的塑料材料可以用作膜120以形成包装122。
虽然图2至图4中示出了布置在热密封凸缘110下方的冷却机构112，但冷却机构112可以替代地设置在热密封凸缘110的上方并且配置为提供期望的冷却。仍然在其他方面，冷却机构112可设置在热密封凸缘110的上方和下方，并配置为为膜120或膜133的每一侧提供多个冷却接触，并进一步提供本文所讨论的期望的冷却方面。
可以使用本文公开的装置密封包括多层膜的塑料膜。现在参考图4，如上所述，多层膜133可被密封和冷却以形成包装132。多层膜133可以包括例如，第一内层130a和第二内层130b以及第一外层131a和第二外层131b。因此，多层膜133可以选自各种多层膜，包括但不限于具有两个外层131a、131b和两个内层130a、130b的多层膜，如图4所示。
示例性多层膜包括多层膜133，其可具有第一和第二外层131a、131b；邻近第一外层布置的第一内层130a；以及邻近第一内层130a和第二外层131b布置的第二内层130b。在一些方面，第一和第二内层可以包括小于或等于150℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和大于或等于47℃的熔化温度。在一些方面，第一和第二内层可以具有非常低的Tg(例如-30℃至-150℃，以及在一些情况下，-40℃至-125℃)和高熔体温度(例如，大于或等于120℃，在一些情况下，大于或等于130℃，并且在一些情况下，130℃至180℃)。例如并且取决于待形成的产品，合适的内层可以包括一个或两个由非常低的Tg/高熔化温度材料形成的内层。在一些情况下，在本文可使用具有-125℃/130℃的Tg/熔化温度的PE-LD，具有约-40℃/171℃的Tg/熔化温度的PVDF，具有-25/47℃的Tg/熔化温度的EVA(例如，具有高百分比的乙酸乙烯酯(VA))及其组合用于一个或多个层。虽然EVA具有低熔化温度，但EVA可以提供期望的密封性能。在一些特定方面，合适的第一和第二内层包括但不限于以下材料中的至少一种：低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、聚偏二氟乙烯、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)以及包括前述中的至少一种的组合。例如并且不被解释为限制性的，多层膜中的第一内层和第二内层中的至少一个可以包括具有-125℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和至少130℃的熔化温度(Tg)的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)；第一内层和第二内层中的至少一个可以包括具有-40℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和至少171℃的熔化温度的聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)；第一内层和第二内层中的至少一个可以包括具有小于-25℃的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和至少47℃的熔化温度的乙烯乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)；以及其组合。内层可以具有比外层更低的Tg/熔化温度。内层可以容易地层压在外层上以提供最佳的密封性能，而外层可以提供期望的性能，例如阻隔性能和机械和/或光学性质。在密封之后，形成密封的多层膜133的第一和第二外层、第一内层和第二内层可配置成提供密封的塑料膜(例如，密封的多层膜)，其包括如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的至少0.1N的热粘着强度(hot tack strength)。
虽然不旨在为限制性的，但示例性第一内层130a和第二内层130b可以选自以下中的至少一种：低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD或LDPE)、LLDPE、vLLDPE(极低线性密度聚乙烯)、塑性体(plastomer)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、乙烯乙烯基醇(EVOH)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯(PC)，前述的离聚物(ionomer)或离聚物组合(inomer combination)以及前述中任一种的组合。
示例性的外层131a、131b可以由选自包括以下各项的组的材料形成：低密度聚乙烯(PE-LD或LDPE)、高密度聚乙烯(PE-HD或HDPE)、线性低密度聚乙烯(PE-LLD或LLDPE)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、乙烯乙烯基醇(EVOH)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、前述中的任一种的离聚物以及前述中的任一种的组合。第一和第二外层可以由相同或不同的材料形成。
图4所示的多层膜材料的实例的细节可以在共同拥有和共同未决的申请序列号62/264,466(代理人案卷号(P080164US))中获悉，且题目为“适用于成型、填充和密封过程的多层膜以及由其形成的包装(Multilayer Films Suitable For Use In Form,Fill,AndSeal Processes And Packages Formed Thereby)”，并与其在同一天提交。共同拥有和共同未决的申请序列号62/264,466，代理人案卷号(P080164US)的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
如本文所用，“塑料膜”包括单层膜或多层膜。
如本文所用，“热粘着强度(hot tack strength)”是指当密封区域未完全冷却至环境条件时分离膜所需的剥离力。因此，热粘着强度是在冷却之前，当密封仍然温热时，塑料膜的密封力。用于测量热粘着强度的示例性装置是从Swiss Management NV商购的J&BHot Tack Tester,Model 4000。热粘性(hot tack)是在密封之后和在冷却和达到最大密封强度之前立即的热密封强度。使用公开的装置和提供的方法形成的密封件可以允许如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽度的膜条)测定的至少0.1N的热粘着强度。
如本文所用，“热粘性力(hot tack force)”是指当密封区域未被完全冷却时所需的剥离力。
如本文所用，塑料膜上的“热密封件”是指已经由加热机构形成，但是在冷却热密封件之前的密封件。因此，如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的，塑料膜上的“热密封件”可以具有至少0.1N的热粘性力。因此，如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的，“热密封的塑料膜”可以具有至少0.1N的热粘性力。
如本文所用，“密封的塑料膜”包括冷却后的塑料膜。密封的塑料膜可以包括在包装的底部部分(例如，在填充包装之前)密封。此外，密封的塑料膜可以包括在包装的底部和顶部部分密封的膜(例如，在填充包装之后)。因此，如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的，“密封的塑料膜”可以具有至少0.1N的热粘着强度。塑料膜旨在包括多层膜，并且密封的塑料膜包括密封的多层膜。
实施方案1.一种用于密封塑料膜材料的装置，包括：加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘(heating lip)，所述加热凸缘设置成当塑料膜(例如，多层膜)与所述加热凸缘接触时，所述加热凸缘在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件；和冷却机构，所述冷却机构包括气体喷射管道，所述气体喷射管道定向为使得气体射流能够以0-60°之间的接触角接触所述塑料膜上的热密封件，使得形成在所述塑料膜上的热密封件在小于或等于5秒的时间段内冷却至小于或等于40℃的冷却温度，以形成密封的塑料膜(例如，其中所述接触角包括接触角αa和接触角αb中的至少一种)。
实施方案2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述冷却机构包括多个气体喷射管道。
实施方案3.如实施方案1或2所述的装置，其中所述接触角在15°至60°之间。
实施方案4.如实施方案1或2所述的装置，还包括包含空气射流、氮气射流、惰性气体射流中的至少一种的气体射流。
实施方案5.如实施方案4所述的装置，其中所述气体射流包括压缩空气射流。
实施方案6.如实施方案5所述的装置，其中所述接触角在15°至60°之间。
实施方案7.如实施方案1-6中任一项所述的装置，其中所述装置布置为使得所述塑料膜配置为在两个半模(die halves)之间通过，其中每个半模包括加热凸缘。
实施方案8.如实施方案7所述的装置，其中所述加热机构和所述冷却机构包含在所述模具的两侧。
实施方案9.如实施方案7所述的装置，其中所述装置布置为使得所述塑料膜配置为在两个半模之间通过，并且其中所述加热机构和所述冷却机构包含在模具的一侧内。
实施方案10.如实施方案1-9中任一项所述的装置，其中所述冷却机构可在0至40℃的温度范围内操作。
实施方案11.如实施方案1-10中任一项所述的装置，其中所述时间段小于或等于4秒，优选地，其中所述时间段小于或等于3秒。
实施方案12.如实施方案1-11中任一项所述的装置，其中所述加热机构可在40至350℃的温度范围内操作。
实施方案13.如实施方案12所述的装置，其中所述加热机构配置为在200至300℃，或优选为40℃至160℃的温度下向所述塑料膜提供热密封件。
实施方案14.如实施方案1-13中任一项所述的装置，还包括用于所述塑料膜的源。
实施方案15.如实施方案1-14中任一项所述的装置，还包括背密封机构(backsealing mechanism)，所述背密封机构配置为在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件之前在所述塑料膜上提供背密封件(back seal)，使得所述热密封件基本上横向于所述背密封件。
实施方案16.如实施方案1-20中任一项所述的装置，其中所述装置包括成型、填充和密封(FFS)装置。
实施方案17.如实施方案1-16中任一项所述的装置，其中相对于由相同材料和相同尺寸形成的并且具有由相同热密封凸缘形成的热密封件以达到相同的环境温度(但没有冷却机构)的对比塑料膜，所述装置配置为在至少40％更少的时间内冷却和形成所述密封的塑料膜至大于或等于40℃。
实施方案18.如实施方案1-17中任一项所述的装置，其中所述冷却温度为20℃至30℃。
实施方案19.一种在塑料膜上形成密封件的方法，包括：将塑料膜引入到包括模具的装置，所述装置包括加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘和包括气体喷射管道的冷却机构；和使用所述密封凸缘在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件；从所述塑料膜上取下所述密封凸缘；以及用气体射流冷却所述热密封件以形成密封的塑料膜，其中所述热密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却至小于或等于40℃的冷却温度以形成密封的塑料膜。
实施方案20.如实施方案19所述的方法，其中所述时间段小于或等于10秒，优选地，其中所述时间段小于或等于8秒。
实施方案21.如实施方案19-20中任一项所述的方法，其中在40-350℃的温度下形成所述热密封件。
实施方案22.如实施方案21所述的方法，其中在200-350℃，或优选为40℃-160℃的温度下形成所述热密封件。
实施方案23.如权利要求19-22中任一项所述的方法，还包括在所述塑料膜上形成所述热密封件之前在所述塑料膜上形成背密封件，使得所述热密封件基本上横向于所述背密封件。
实施方案24.如实施方案19-23中任一项所述的方法，其中所述冷却的温度小于或等于80℃。
实施方案25.如实施方案19-24中任一项所述的方法，包括相对于由相同材料形成的并且具有由相同热密封凸缘形成的热密封件以达到相同的环境温度(没有冷却机构)的对比塑料膜，在至少40％更少的时间内形成所述热密封件并且冷却至小于或等于40℃。
实施方案26.如权利要求19-25中任一项所述的方法，包括相对于由相同材料形成的并且具有由相同热密封凸缘形成的热密封件以达到相同的环境温度(没有冷却机构)的对比塑料膜，在至少50％更少的时间内形成所述热密封件并且冷却至小于或等于40℃。
实施方案27.如权利要求19-26中任一项所述的方法，密封的塑料膜包括如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的至少0.1N的密封强度。
实施方案28.一种用于密封塑料膜材料的装置，包括：加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘，所述加热凸缘设置成当塑料膜与加热凸缘接触时，加热凸缘在塑料膜上形成热密封件；和冷却机构，所述冷却机构包括气体喷射管道，所述气体喷射管道定向为提供气体射流以在0-60°之间的接触角下接触所述塑料膜上的热密封件，使得形成在所述塑料膜上的所述热密封件在小于或等于5秒内冷却至小于或等于40℃的冷却温度以形成密封的塑料膜，其中所述密封的塑料膜包括如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的至少0.1N的密封强度。
实施方案29.一种在塑料膜上形成密封件的方法，所述方法包括：将塑料膜引入到包括模具的装置，所述装置包括包含加热凸缘加热机构，和包括气体喷射管道的冷却机构；和使用所述密封凸缘在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件；从所述塑料膜上取下所述密封凸缘；以及用气体射流冷却所述热密封件以形成所述密封的塑料膜，其中所述热密封件在小于或等于5秒的时间段内冷却至小于或等于40℃的温度，其中所述密封的塑料膜包括如通过ASTM F1921(2012)，方法B(基于15mm宽的膜条)测定的至少0.1N的热粘着强度。
所有引用的专利、专利申请和其他参考文献通过引用以它们的整体内容并入本文。然而，如果本申请中的术语与并入的参考文献中的术语相矛盾或冲突，则本申请中的术语优先于并入的参考文献中的冲突术语。
通常，本发明可以可替代地包括本文公开的任何适当组分、由其组成或基本上由其组成。本发明可另外地或可替代地配制以不含或基本上不含在现有技术组合物中使用的或者在其他方面是实现本发明的功能和/或目的不必要的任何组分、物质、成分、助剂或物质。
本文公开的所有范围均包括端点，并且可将端点彼此独立地组合(例如，“最高达25wt％，或者例如5wt％至20wt％”的范围包括端点和在“5wt％至25wt％”的范围内的所有中间值，等等)。“组合”包括共混物、混合物、合金、反应产物等。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等在本文不表示任何顺序、数量或重要性，而是用于表示一个元素不同于另一个元素。术语“一个(a)”和“一种(an)”以及“该(the)”在本文中不表示数量的限制，并且应解释为包括单数和复数二者，除非本文另外指出或上下文清楚规定相反。整个说明书对“一个实施方案(one embodiment)”、“另一个实施方案”、“实施方案(an embodiment)”等的引用意思是结合实施方案描述的特定元素(例如，特征、结构和/或特性)包括在至少一个本文描述的实施方案中，并且可以存在或可以不存在于其他实施方案中。此外，应该理解，描述的元素可以以任何适当的方式组合在各个实施方案中。如本文所用，环境温度为20℃至40℃。
尽管描述了具体实施方案，但申请人或本领域技术人员可能想到目前未预见的或可能目前未预见的替代方案、修改、变型、改进和实质等同物。因此，提交的且可以修改的所附权利要求旨在包括所有这样的替代方案、修改、变型、改进和实质等同物。

Claims (20)

1.一种用于密封塑料膜材料的装置，包括：
加热机构，所述加热机构包括加热凸缘，所述加热凸缘布置成当塑料膜与所述加热凸缘接触时，所述加热凸缘在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件；和
冷却机构，所述冷却机构包括气体喷射管道，所述气体喷射管道定向为使得气体射流能够以0-60°之间的接触角接触所述塑料膜上的热密封件，使得形成在所述塑料膜上的热密封件在小于或等于5秒的时间段内冷却至小于或等于40℃，以形成密封的塑料膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述冷却机构包括多个气体喷射管道。
3.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，其中所述接触角在15°至60°之间。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，还包括包含惰性气体射流的气体射流。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，其中所述气体射流包括压缩空气射流、氮气射流中的至少一种。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，其中所述装置布置成使得所述塑料膜配置成在两个半模之间通过，其中每个半模包括加热凸缘。
7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中所述加热机构和所述冷却机构包含在模具的两侧。
8.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中所述装置布置成使得所述塑料膜配置成在两个半模之间通过，并且其中所述加热机构和所述冷却机构包含在模具的仅一侧内。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，还包括用于所述塑料膜的源。
10.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，还包括背密封机构，所述背密封机构配置成在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件之前在所述塑料膜上提供背密封件，使得所述热密封件基本上横向于所述背密封件。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的装置，其中所述装置包括成型、填充和密封装置。
12.一种在塑料膜上形成密封件的方法，所述方法包括：
将塑料膜引入到包括模具的装置，所述装置包括包含加热凸缘的加热机构和包含气体喷射管道的冷却机构；和
使用密封凸缘在所述塑料膜上形成热密封件；
从所述塑料膜上取下所述密封凸缘；以及
用气体射流冷却所述热密封件以形成密封的塑料膜，其中所述热密封件在小于或等于5秒的时间段内冷却至小于或等于40℃。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中所述气体射流具有0-40℃的温度范围。
14.根据权利要求12-13中任一项所述的方法，其中所述时间段为小于或等于1至5秒。
15.根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的方法，其中在40-350℃的温度下形成所述热密封件。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中在200-350℃，或优选地40℃-160℃的温度下形成所述热密封件。
17.根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的方法，还包括在所述塑料膜上形成所述热密封件之前在所述塑料膜上形成背密封件，使得所述热密封件基本上横向于所述背密封件。
18.根据权利要求12-17中任一项所述的方法，包括相对于在没有冷却机构的情况下由相同材料形成并且具有由相同热密封凸缘形成的热密封件以达到相同的环境温度的对比塑料膜，在至少50％更少的时间内形成所述热密封件并且冷却至环境温度。
19.一种包含权利要求12-18中任一项所述的热密封件的塑料制品。
20.根据权利要求19所述的塑料制品，其中所述制品是食品储存包装、化妆品储存包装、肥皂储存包装、和药品包装中的至少一种。
CN201680064730.5A 2015-12-08 2016-11-21 用于成型、填充和密封模具的装置和方法以及由其形成的包装 Pending CN108349167A (zh)

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WO2023110859A1 (en) * 2021-12-17 2023-06-22 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Packaging assembly for forming and sealing a plurality of packs containing a pourable product

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