CN108333092A - Water seepage detection device and method - Google Patents
Water seepage detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108333092A CN108333092A CN201711476632.5A CN201711476632A CN108333092A CN 108333092 A CN108333092 A CN 108333092A CN 201711476632 A CN201711476632 A CN 201711476632A CN 108333092 A CN108333092 A CN 108333092A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- JLQUFIHWVLZVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbosulfan Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)SN(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC2=C1OC(C)(C)C2 JLQUFIHWVLZVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010039203 Road traffic accident Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a water seepage detection device and a method, wherein the water seepage detection device comprises: the water seepage instrument comprises a base arranged on a road surface to be tested and a measuring cylinder arranged on the base, wherein the base is provided with a water flow channel which penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the base and is communicated with the measuring cylinder; infiltration detection device still includes: the confining pressure part surrounds the base, and the confining pressure part has the water injection hole that the confining pressure runner of annular and intercommunication its bottom surface and with confining pressure runner intercommunication, and the water in the confining pressure runner gets into the examination of base below and forms the confining pressure state around the road surface of awaiting measuring in order to prevent to wait to examine the road surface of base below diffusion all around from the water that flows out in the rivers passageway gets into the examination of awaiting measuring road surface back. The invention overcomes the problem that the water in the water seepage instrument in the prior art is easy to flow to the road surface around the water seepage instrument, thereby influencing the measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to road performance technical field of measurement and test, and in particular to a kind of infiltration detection device and method.
Background technology
Porous pavement is a kind of road surface by the mixture compared with large porosity (15%-25%) as road surface structare layer, thoroughly
Water route face has permeability performance, and the ponding on road surface can penetrate into underground by porous pavement, to reduce surface gathered water；And
The diffusing reflection that ponding road surface is generated due to light-illuminating is effectively prevented, so as to avoid traffic accident, makes night trip more
Safety.Therefore it is vital that whether the infiltration coefficient on measurement road surface, which reaches standard,.
It is needed through sealing material (water-proof putty, putty or plasticine) when measuring pavement seepage coefficient using the prior art
Water creep appearance and road surface interface surface are sealed, to ensure that the contact position of road surface and water creep appearance does not occur leak feelings
Condition.But in practical measurement process, porous pavement surface has larger construction depth, by the way of smearing sealing material not
Water can be avoided to be flowed out from water creep appearance completely.When being detected to porous pavement using this kind of water creep appearance, due to porous pavement
Flourishing gap structure, the water below water creep appearance will produce unordered, multidimensional flow regime when entering road surface structare layer.Therefore it oozes
Water in water instrument can not only be flowed out from the porous pavement below water creep appearance, but also can be flowed to the road surface around water creep appearance, be caused
Measurement data is distorted, and cannot really reflect the practical infiltration ability in road surface.Therefore now need one kind that can effectively prevent from water creep appearance
The infiltration detection device that the water of middle outflow is flowed to road surface around, measurement precision is high.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of infiltration detection device and methods, to solve water creep appearance in the prior art
Interior water is easy the flowing of the road surface around water creep appearance, the problem of to influence measurement precision.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of infiltration detection devices, including：Water creep appearance, including setting are waiting for
Pedestal in test pavement and the graduated cylinder being arranged on pedestal, pedestal is with the flow for running through its upper and lower surface and being connected to graduated cylinder
Channel；Infiltration detection device further include：Confining pressure component, confining pressure component are looped around the surrounding of pedestal, confining pressure component have annular and
The water injection hole for being connected to the confining pressure runner of its bottom surface and being connected to confining pressure runner, water when test in confining pressure runner enter below pedestal
Road surface to be tested around form confining pressure state to prevent the water flowed out out of water stream channel from entering behind road surface to be tested to base
The surrounding diffusion on the road surface to be tested of seat lower section.
Further, confining pressure component includes：The inner cylinder, the diameter that are set in outside pedestal are more than outer barrel and the connection of inner diameter of steel flue
Cover board between the top of inner barrel and outer barrel, inner cylinder, outer barrel and cover board surround confining pressure runner, and water injection hole is arranged on the cover board.
Further, graduated cylinder has：The small graduated cylinder of the big graduated cylinder being arranged on pedestal and the top for being connected to big graduated cylinder, greatly
Graduated cylinder is connected to small graduated cylinder, and the diameter of big graduated cylinder is more than the diameter of small graduated cylinder, and the height of big graduated cylinder is higher than the height of small graduated cylinder, small
Water in graduated cylinder is for being discharged the air between pedestal and road surface to be tested and road surface to be tested being made to be in Riddled Condition, big graduated cylinder
Interior water is for testing the infiltration coefficient that road surface to be tested is under Riddled Condition.
Further, pedestal includes pedestal, the top plate for the side of being set on the base and the company that is connected between pedestal and top plate
It takes over, graduated cylinder is arranged on top plate, and top plate is equipped with the first intercommunicating pore being connected to connecting tube, and pedestal, which has, connects its bottom surface
Flow chamber and the second intercommunicating pore for being connected to flow chamber and connecting tube, the first intercommunicating pore, the endoporus of connecting tube, the second intercommunicating pore and water
It flows chamber and forms water stream channel.
Further, support post is equipped between pedestal and top plate, support post is used to support top plate.
Further, pedestal further includes the exhaust pipe for being connected to the top of pedestal and being connected to flow chamber, exhaust pipe it is remote
It is pierced by from top plate the air between pedestal and road surface to be tested to be discharged from one end of pedestal.
Further, water stream channel is equipped with second switch.
Further, flow intracavitary is equipped with the uniform board for being parallel to road surface to be tested, is covered with water hole on uniform board.
The present invention also provides a kind of infiltration detection method, infiltration detection method is filled using the infiltration detection of above-mentioned any one
It sets, detection method includes the following steps for infiltration：
Infiltration detection device is placed on road surface to be detected；
The water filling into graduated cylinder, until the water in graduated cylinder reaches predetermined position；
Pass through confining pressure runner continuously water filling of the water injection hole into confining pressure component；
When underwater in graduated cylinder is down to first position, start timing, in graduated cylinder when dropping to the second position, timing
Terminate；
According to formulaCalculate the infiltration coefficient on road surface to be detected, wherein CωIt is to be detected
The infiltration coefficient on road surface, unit ml/min, r are the radius of the graduated cylinder of position between first position and the second postion, and t is note
It records the time, unit is the second, and differences in height of the H between first position and the second position, unit is centimetre.
Further, height difference H is in the range of 20cm~40cm.
Further, the rate of water injection into confining pressure component is in the range of 40ml/s~60ml/s, into confining pressure component
Water injection time in the range of 5s~10s.
Technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages that：In actual use, infiltration detection device is placed on to be measured
It tries on road surface, passes through water injection hole water filling into confining pressure component so that the surrounding on the road surface to be tested below water creep appearance forms confining pressure
State, without flowing to the road surface around water creep appearance, is led to so that the water in water creep appearance only flows to the road surface below water creep appearance
Cross the infiltration coefficient accuracy higher for the porous pavement that this mode measures.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the overall structure diagram of infiltration detection device according to the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the vertical views of the infiltration detection device of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the flow direction of the water of each section in the infiltration detection device of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 shows the infiltration coefficient comparison diagram for adding confining pressure component and being not added with confining pressure component；
Fig. 5 shows the structural schematic diagram of laboratory seepage device according to the present invention；
Fig. 6 shows the infiltration coefficient variation diagram under different water surface elevation differences when voidage is 20.10%；
Fig. 7 shows the infiltration coefficient variation diagram under different water surface elevation differences when voidage is 20.92%；
Fig. 8 show voidage be 20.10% phase border on the river face difference in height and corresponding infiltration coefficient subtract each other it is rear inverted
Trend chart；
Fig. 9 show voidage be 20.92% phase border on the river face difference in height and corresponding infiltration coefficient subtract each other it is rear inverted
Trend chart；
Figure 10 shows voidage and the relational graph of infiltration coefficient；
Wherein, the reference numeral in above-mentioned attached drawing is：
1, injecting cylinder；2, lock ring；3, marshal piece is demoulded；4, rubber sleeve；5, first switch；6, water outlet；7, mold；
8, outlet pipe；11, big graduated cylinder；12, small graduated cylinder；21, inner cylinder；22, outer barrel；23, cover board；231, water injection hole；31, pedestal；32, it pushes up
Plate；33, connecting tube；34, support post；35, exhaust pipe；41, the first intercommunicating pore；42, flow chamber；43, the second intercommunicating pore；44、
Uniform board；45, water hole；50, second switch.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
The every other embodiment that personnel are obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of infiltration detection device as shown in Figure 1, infiltration detection device include：Water creep appearance, including be arranged to be tested
Pedestal on road surface and the graduated cylinder being arranged on pedestal, pedestal has to be led to through its upper and lower surface and the flow that be connected to graduated cylinder
Road；Infiltration detection device further include：Confining pressure component, confining pressure component are looped around the surrounding of pedestal, and confining pressure component has annular and connects
Lead to the confining pressure runner of its bottom surface and the water injection hole 231 that is connected to confining pressure runner, water when test in confining pressure runner enters under pedestal
It is backward to prevent the water flowed out out of water stream channel from entering road surface to be tested that confining pressure state is formed around the road surface to be tested of side
The surrounding on the road surface to be tested below pedestal is spread.
As shown in figure 3, in actual use, infiltration detection device being placed on road surface to be tested, water filling is passed through
The water filling into confining pressure component of hole 231 so that the surrounding on the road surface to be tested below water creep appearance forms confining pressure state, so that oozing
Water in water instrument only flows to the road surface below water creep appearance and is measured in this way without flowing to the road surface around water creep appearance
Porous pavement infiltration coefficient accuracy higher.
Specifically, confining pressure component includes：The inner cylinder 21, the diameter that are set in outside pedestal are more than 22 and of outer barrel of 21 diameter of inner cylinder
The cover board 23 being connected between inner cylinder 21 and the top of outer barrel 22, inner cylinder 21, outer barrel 22 and cover board 23 surround confining pressure runner, water filling
Hole 231 is arranged on cover board 23.Confining pressure component makes water creep appearance surrounding form confining pressure state, ensures that the water below water creep appearance is one
Tie up flow regime, i.e. water below water creep appearance only flows downwards, without flowing to below confining pressure component, avoid water it is unordered,
The flow regime of multidimensional.The structure of confining pressure component is simple, simplifies overall structure.Specifically, the interior diameter of inner cylinder 21 is 15cm, high
Interior diameter for 7.5cm, outer barrel 22 is 27cm, and the interior diameter of a height of 7.5cm, cover board 23 are 15cm, and the outer 27cm's of overall diameter is same
The heart justifies organic glass.Certainly, the size of inner cylinder, outer barrel and cover board is also not limited to this.
In order to determine that confining pressure component plays a role in test, two kinds of test methods are taken, one is do not use confining pressure portion
Part carries out infiltration test, and another kind is to carry out infiltration test using confining pressure component.To being compared after two kinds of test result analysis
Illustrate, test result as shown in figure 4, as seen from Figure 4, with the increase of voidage, infiltration coefficient is all gradually to increase,
This experiment trend obtained with common water creep appearance is identical.But the infiltration coefficient for being not added with confining pressure component is apparently higher than plus encloses
The infiltration coefficient of splenium part.During being not added with the experiment of confining pressure component, streamflow regime shows disordered state, and flow path increases
It is more；When being tested in the case where there is confining pressure component, the speed that the water surface declines is slow, this is because the water in confining pressure component
Stream forms confining pressure state below water creep appearance, and the water in water creep appearance is prevented to expand to the surrounding on the road surface to be tested below pedestal
It dissipates, previous multidimensional streamflow regime is become one-dimensional state by confining pressure component, and flow path is reduced, therefore infiltration coefficient is smaller.
When being not added with confining pressure component, infiltration coefficient when voidage is 17.3% is 1805ml/min, and adds confining pressure portion
Infiltration coefficient after part becomes 1767ml/min, illustrates flow in the state of unordered, flourishing sky in water-permeating pitch mixed material
Gap structure influences the detection of practical pavement seepage coefficient very big.With the rising of voidage, when reaching 21.1%, it is being not added with
Under the experimental condition of confining pressure component, infiltration coefficient becomes 2163ml/min, and add becomes 2112ml/ under the experimental condition of confining pressure component
min.By comparison it can be found that with voidage rising, be not added with the growth of infiltration coefficient under the experimental condition of confining pressure component
Speed is higher than plus the growth rate of the infiltration coefficient of confining pressure component, and the accuracy of data further decreases, therefore can prove
The reliability of data under the experimental condition of confining pressure component is added to be substantially better than the reliability for the data for being not added with confining pressure component.
As shown in Fig. 2, specifically, there are four water injection hole 231 is set, four water injection holes 231 are arranged around pedestal.Water injection hole
231 a diameter of 3cm, four 231 water fillings of water injection hole of setting may insure that water rapidly flows into confining pressure component, to make water creep appearance
Surrounding forms confining pressure state faster.Certainly, the number of water injection hole also and is limited to this, needs to be configured as the case may be.
Specifically, four 231 uniform rings of water injection hole are around pedestal.Four water injection holes 231 are so that water equably flows to
Below confining pressure component.
Specifically, graduated cylinder has：The small graduated cylinder of the big graduated cylinder 11 being arranged on pedestal and the top for being connected to big graduated cylinder 11
12, big graduated cylinder 11 is connected to small graduated cylinder 12, and the diameter of big graduated cylinder 11 is more than the diameter of small graduated cylinder 12, and the height of big graduated cylinder 11 is higher than
The height of small graduated cylinder 12, the water in small graduated cylinder 12 is for being discharged the air between pedestal and road surface to be tested and making road surface to be tested
In Riddled Condition, the water in big graduated cylinder 11 is for testing the infiltration coefficient that road surface to be tested is under Riddled Condition.Due to big
Graduated cylinder 11 is relatively large in diameter, therefore facilitates look at the position of the water surface, to accurately measure infiltration coefficient.Specifically, largely
11 height of cylinder are 30cm, a diameter of 10cm, volume 2355ml；12 height of small graduated cylinder is 20cm, a diameter of 5.05cm, and volume is
400ml.Certainly, the size of big graduated cylinder and small graduated cylinder is also not limited to this.
Specifically, pedestal includes pedestal 31, the top plate 32 that is arranged above pedestal 31 and is connected to pedestal 31 and top plate 32
Between connecting tube 33, graduated cylinder is arranged on top plate 32, and top plate 32 is equipped with the first intercommunicating pore 41 for being connected to connecting tube 33, bottom
Seat 31 has the flow chamber 42 and the second intercommunicating pore 43 for being connected to flow chamber 42 and connecting tube 33, the first intercommunicating pore for connecting its bottom surface
41, the endoporus of connecting tube 33, the second intercommunicating pore 43 and flow chamber 42 form water stream channel.The water flowed out from graduated cylinder can pass through
Water stream channel stream leaves the ground below water creep appearance.The height of pedestal 31 is 7.5cm, and 33 overall diameter of connecting tube is 1cm.Certainly,
Pedestal and the outer diameter dimension of connecting tube are also not limited to this.
Specifically, support post 34 is equipped between pedestal 31 and top plate 32, support post 34 is used to support top plate 32, so that
The graduated cylinder for obtaining 32 top of roof supporting is more stablized.
Specifically, there are two support post 34 is set, two support posts 34 are arranged around connecting tube 33.It can certainly set
Set more than two support post 34.
Specifically, pedestal further includes the exhaust pipe 35 for being connected to the top of pedestal 31 and being connected to flow chamber 42, exhaust pipe
One end of 35 separate pedestal 31 is pierced by from top plate 32 the air between pedestal 31 and road surface to be tested to be discharged, and is conducive to more
Accurately measure the infiltration coefficient on road surface.Specifically, a support post 34 is arranged to hollow-core construction and forms exhaust pipe 35, exhaust
Pipe 35 can be not only vented, can be with roof supporting.The interior diameter of exhaust pipe 35 is 2cm.Certainly, the size of exhaust pipe is not yet
It is limited to this.
Specifically, water stream channel is equipped with second switch 50.Second switch 50 is 24V electromagnetic valve switch, can pass through control
Whether the water in the open or close control water creep appearance of 24V electromagnetic valve switch processed stays the ground below water creep appearance.
Specifically, it is equipped with the uniform board 44 for being parallel to road surface to be tested in flow chamber 42, is covered with water hole on uniform board 44.
It is covered with water hole on fabric swatch 44 to be conducive to equably flow to the ground below water creep appearance from the water flowed out in water stream channel.
Specifically, infiltration detection device is closely joined together using sealing material with ground, ensures that water will not be from seam
It is oozed out in gap.Specifically, the bottom surface of the bottom surface of pedestal, the bottom surface of inner cylinder and outer barrel is connected by sealing material and ground sealing
It connects.
The present invention also provides a kind of infiltration detection method, infiltration detection method utilizes above-mentioned infiltration detection device, oozes
Detection method includes the following steps for water：
Infiltration detection device is placed on road surface to be detected；
The water filling into graduated cylinder, until the water in graduated cylinder reaches predetermined position；
Pass through confining pressure runner continuously water filling of the water injection hole 231 into confining pressure component；
When underwater in graduated cylinder is down to first position, start timing, in graduated cylinder when dropping to the second position, timing
Terminate；
According to formulaCalculate the infiltration coefficient on the road surface to be detected, wherein CωFor institute
The infiltration coefficient on road surface to be detected, unit ml/min are stated, r is between the first position and the second position
The radius of the graduated cylinder, t are the record time, and unit is second, height of the H between the first position and the second position
Difference, unit are centimetre.It is closer that obtained infiltration coefficient is detected to the infiltration coefficient of porous pavement using the above method
Actual value.
Specifically, for H in the range of 20cm~40cm, the water surface elevation difference of this range can reflect the true of porous pavement
Real infiltration ability so that the data of test are more accurate.
Specifically, the rate of water injection into confining pressure component is in the range of 40ml/s~60ml/s, into confining pressure component
Water injection time is in the range of 5s~10s.It is enough to ensure that the porous pavement below confining pressure component is full in the range of 5s~10s
Water state, to prevent the water in water creep appearance from spreading around.
The range computation of height difference H is described in detail below：
The infiltration coefficient of water-permeating pitch mixed material depends primarily on following factor：It is mixture self-characteristic, fluid
Matter, water surface elevation.Wherein, water surface elevation is the extraneous major influence factors for infiltration coefficient.When experiment just proceeds by,
Water surface elevation is on high position, and flow rate of water flow at this time is than that comparatively fast, can not represent the true water permeable ability of test specimen.With dampening
Face height continuously decreases, and infiltration coefficient is gradually lowered, and can represent test specimen and really seep water ability.When water surface elevation is reduced to
When to a certain degree, infiltration coefficient is fairly small, and data at this time can be also distorted.Therefore, rational water surface elevation is determined
It could really the ability of seeping water be stated to test specimen.
In the infiltrative evaluation method of existing water-permeating pitch mixed material, the most commonly used is utilize the Marshall not demoulded
Test specimen is tested.The way of contact of this test specimen and mold is the way of contact of rigidity and rigidity, due to rigid member and rigidity
It is had the gap between part, is easy that water is made to flow out in gap.When carrying out infiltration test, due to the seam between rigid member and rigid member
Gap is compared to resistance smaller for the gap formed in asphalt, and water is easier to flow out from gap so that test result
It is bigger than normal.As shown in figure 3, the newly-designed test for becoming water surface water creep appearance and carrying out infiltration coefficient using demoulding marshal piece 3, infiltration
Instrument includes injecting cylinder 1, lock ring 2, demoulds marshal piece 3, rubber sleeve 4, first switch 5, water outlet 6, mold 7, outlet pipe 8,
Wherein, mold 7 includes upper mold and lower mold.The installation process of water creep appearance is as follows：It is whole that rubber sleeve 4 will demould marshal piece
It wraps up and is locked, the end portion for the component that rubber sleeve 4 and demoulding marshal piece are formed is filled in into lower mold and thereon end
Divide and fill in upper mold, lock ring 2 is then arranged on rubber sleeve 4, lock ring 2 is tightened and rubber sleeve and mold is fixed together, even
Connect cylinder and injecting cylinder 1 connect, and lower mold is connect by connecting tube with water outlet, and first switch 5 is arranged on outlet pipe.It will be previous
The way of contact of test specimen and mold is changed into the rigid and way of contact flexible, this design by the way of contact of rigidity and rigidity
It is effectively guaranteed the stability and reliability of test data.
In laboratory seepage device as shown in Figure 5, water creep appearance is using the injecting cylinder 1 of a diameter of 20cm, height
For 50cm, the flow volume by test specimen is increased, can conveniently can ensure the accuracy of chronometric data in time.In injecting cylinder 1
On have scale, 0 is denoted as since bottom, up scale value gradually increases successively, maximum range 45cm, after installation is complete try
Distance 0 graduation mark in part upper surface is 7.5cm.A diameter of 2.5cm of water outlet 6, the upper end water exit position and the examination after installing
Part upper surface flush ensures that test specimen is completely in water-saturated state, that is, simulates the pavement state after raining.
Change water test is carried out to demoulding marshal piece 3, experiment process is as follows：
Test specimen upper and lower rubber sleeve 4 is fixed on water creep appearance, notices that rubber sleeve 4 should all wrap up test specimen wherein,
Lock ring 2 is tightened, ensures that integral system is water-tight.
First switch 5 is opened, by the water filling inwards of water outlet 6, until the water surface gradually flooded 3 upper table of demoulding marshal piece
Face ensures that demoulding marshal piece is in complete water-saturated state.First switch 5 is closed, the water filling into injecting cylinder 1 is until 40cm lines
On, it opens first switch 5 and starts timing, the water surface often declines that 5cm timing is primary, and the time is accurate to 0.1s, until the water surface is down to examination
Part upper surface, timing terminate.
After the completion of primary experiment, second trial carried out to the test specimen, and to the timing result of experiment twice of each test specimen into
Row analysis should re-start third time and test when the difference of two times result is not more than the 10% of the average value of two times result.
Bring test result into calculating that following formula carries out infiltration coefficient：
In formula：10 be the radius of water creep appearance, H1For the height of the initial water surface, H2To terminate the height of the water surface, unit cm；T is
The time of timing, unit s.
It is tested using the demoulding marshal piece 3 of five kinds of different voidages, different voidages are different gradation, to water
Face height is carried out being segmented accumulative timing using every 5cm as interval, be found out in the water surface elevation difference by formula (1) from 40cm to 0cm
Infiltration coefficient, the water surface difference being corresponding in turn to are respectively 5cm, 10cm, 15cm ... ..., and the water surface difference of 40cm, final stage are
47.5cm.Demoulding marshal piece voidage p be respectively 20.10% and 20.92% infiltration coefficient it is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
By Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 it is found that with water surface difference gradual increase, infiltration coefficient is gradually reduced, and the trend reduced
Be also it is regular can be target-seeking, that is, the amplitude reduced is increasing, is 40cm and 47.5cm particularly to two last water surface differences
When, infiltration coefficient is rapid drawdown.Illustrate that infiltration coefficient and water surface elevation difference are closely bound up, but on this image can not
Reasonable water surface elevation is determined, needs to carry out data certain processing.
In order to reasonably be analyzed data, take certain processing as follows data：It is corresponded to by this grade of water surface difference
Infiltration coefficient to subtract the corresponding infiltration coefficient of next stage water surface difference increased come examine infiltration coefficient difference with water surface difference
Situation of change.It is found by experiment that the difference gradually increased rule, it is bright by being showed to the inverted discovery data of the difference
The relationship of aobvious regularity, the inverse and water surface difference that obtain infiltration coefficient difference is as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.
By Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 as it can be seen that the inverse of infiltration coefficient difference and the relationship of water surface difference show apparent three-stage, to every
Section is fitted analysis, finds the slope of the slope ＞ y2 of the slope ＞ y1 of y3, i.e., at the beginning and end of slope more than stage casing
Slope, this is because in the y1 stages, water surface elevation is in high position, and flow rate of water flow is too fast, and infiltration coefficient is calculated can not
Reflect the true water permeable ability of test specimen；In the y3 stages, the water surface has been in relatively low position, and it is relatively low to result in a flow
Test result, testing standard has been not achieved in precision at this time, therefore stage casing y2 is taken as reasonable water (i.e. from 25-20 to 40-35)
The range of face difference, i.e., the infiltration coefficient that water surface difference range is calculated in 20cm~40cm is as the actual infiltration system of test specimen
Number.
The calculating of the rate of water injection range in opposite confining pressure component is described in detail below：
It is pre-designed the different demoulding marshal piece 3 of five voidages, is then distinguished in infiltration test device indoors
Measure the infiltration coefficient of each voidage, such as the following table 1：
Table 1
| Voidage % | Infiltration coefficient ml/min |
| 17.36 | 1820 |
| 16.71 | 1834 |
| 17.66 | 1810 |
| 18.13 | 1842 |
| 17.64 | 1815 |
| 17.81 | 1830 |
| 18.61 | 1901 |
| 19.01 | 1921 |
| 19.22 | 1943 |
| 19.50 | 2012 |
| 20.10 | 1981 |
| 19.55 | 1941 |
| 21.31 | 2144 |
| 21.47 | 2091 |
| 20.92 | 1820 |
X in formula (2)-(5)iFor voidage, yiFor infiltration coefficient,For the average of voidage,For infiltration coefficient
Average, R2For regression coefficient, the numerical value in upper table is brought into (2)-(3), a=554.49, b=is obtained by calculation
72.62, numerical value a and b are taken in (4), regression equation is thus obtainedUtilize p generations
Voidage is indicated for x, utilizes CwInstead ofIt indicates infiltration coefficient, obtains Cw=72.62p+554.49 (R2=0.910), such as Figure 10
It show voidage and the relational graph of infiltration coefficient.
The voidage on practical road surface generally between 15%~25%, by regression equation inverse obtain 1643ml/min~
2370ml/min is multiplied by amplification coefficient 1.5, ensures in the porous pavement in below casing to be water-saturated state, prevent in water creep appearance
Water spread around, finally obtain rate of water injection be 2464ml/min~3555ml/min, be converted into units/ml/s, i.e.,
40ml/s~60ml/s.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of infiltration detection device, including：
Water creep appearance, including the pedestal being arranged on road surface to be tested and the graduated cylinder being arranged on the pedestal, the pedestal have
Through its upper and lower surface and the water stream channel that is connected to the graduated cylinder；
It is characterized in that, the infiltration detection device further includes：Confining pressure component, the confining pressure component are looped around the four of the pedestal
Week, the water injection hole that the confining pressure component has annular and is connected to the confining pressure runner of its bottom surface and is connected to the confining pressure runner
(231), confining pressure is formed around the road surface to be tested that water when test in the confining pressure runner enters below the pedestal
State with after preventing the water flowed out out of described water stream channel from entering the road surface to be tested to waiting for described in below the pedestal
The surrounding of test pavement is spread.
2. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the confining pressure component includes：It is set in
Inner cylinder (21), diameter outside the pedestal be more than the outer barrel (22) of the inner cylinder (21) diameter and be connected to the inner cylinder (21) and
Cover board (23) between the top of the outer barrel (22), the inner cylinder (21), the outer barrel (22) and the cover board (23) surround
The confining pressure runner, the water injection hole (231) are arranged on the cover board (23).
3. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the graduated cylinder has：It is arranged described
Big graduated cylinder (11) on pedestal and be connected to the big graduated cylinder (11) top small graduated cylinder (12), the big graduated cylinder (11) and institute
Small graduated cylinder (12) connection is stated, the diameter of the big graduated cylinder (11) is more than the diameter of the small graduated cylinder (12), the big graduated cylinder (11)
Height be higher than the height of the small graduated cylinder (12), the water in the small graduated cylinder (12) for be discharged the pedestal with it is described to be measured
It tries the air between road surface and the road surface to be tested is made to be in Riddled Condition, the water in the big graduated cylinder (11) is for testing institute
State the infiltration coefficient that road surface to be tested is under the Riddled Condition.
4. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the pedestal includes pedestal (31), sets
The connecting tube set the top plate (32) above the pedestal (31) and be connected between the pedestal (31) and the top plate (32)
(33), the graduated cylinder is arranged on the top plate (32), and the top plate (32) is equipped with the be connected to the connecting tube (33)
One intercommunicating pore (41), the pedestal (31), which has, to be connected the flow chamber (42) of its bottom surface and is connected to the flow chamber (42) and described
The second intercommunicating pore (43) of connecting tube (33), first intercommunicating pore (41), the endoporus of the connecting tube (33), described second connect
Through-hole (43) and the flow chamber (42) form the water stream channel.
5. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pedestal (31) and the top plate
(32) support post (34) is equipped between, the support post (34) is used to support the top plate (32).
6. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pedestal further include be connected to it is described
The top of pedestal (31) and the exhaust pipe (35) being connected to the flow chamber (42), the separate pedestal of the exhaust pipe (35)
(31) one end is pierced by from the top plate (32) the air between the pedestal (31) and road surface to be tested to be discharged.
7. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water stream channel is opened equipped with second
It closes (50).
8. a kind of infiltration detection device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that be equipped in the flow chamber (42) parallel
Uniform board (44) in the road surface to be tested is covered with water hole (45) on the uniform board (44).
9. a kind of infiltration detection method, which is characterized in that the infiltration detection method utilizes any one in claim 1-8
The infiltration detection device, detection method includes the following steps for the infiltration：
The infiltration detection device is placed on road surface to be detected；
The water filling into the graduated cylinder, until the water in the graduated cylinder reaches predetermined position；
Pass through confining pressure runner continuously water filling of the water injection hole (231) into the confining pressure component；
When underwater in the graduated cylinder is down to first position, start timing, in the graduated cylinder when dropping to the second position,
Timing terminates；
According to formulaCalculate the infiltration coefficient on the road surface to be detected, wherein CωIt is described to be checked
The infiltration coefficient on road surface, unit ml/min are surveyed, r is the amount between the first position and the second position
The radius of cylinder, t are the record time, and unit is second, differences in height of the H between the first position and the second position, unit
For centimetre.
10. a kind of infiltration detection method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the height difference H is in 20cm~40cm
In the range of, and/or, the rate of water injection into the confining pressure component is in the range of 40ml/s~60ml/s, to the confining pressure
Water injection time in component is in the range of 5s~10s.
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| CN110174218B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-10-20 | 郑州正大建筑技术有限公司 | Residential building flat top infiltration detection device |
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| CN112482161B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-12-14 | 中冶南方城市建设工程技术有限公司 | Pavement structure depth measuring instrument and measuring method |
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