CN108325732B - Tea-oil camellia fruit preliminary treatment production line - Google Patents
Tea-oil camellia fruit preliminary treatment production line Download PDFInfo
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- CN108325732B CN108325732B CN201810128897.4A CN201810128897A CN108325732B CN 108325732 B CN108325732 B CN 108325732B CN 201810128897 A CN201810128897 A CN 201810128897A CN 108325732 B CN108325732 B CN 108325732B
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233948 Typha Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
- B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
- B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of food processing equipment, and particularly discloses a camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line which comprises a feeding device, a sorting device, a conveying device and a charging device, wherein the feeding device is used for separating a shell of a camellia oleifera fruit from a camellia seed and sending a camellia seed and shell mixture into the sorting device; the sorting device separates tea seeds from fruit shells by using sorting liquid and respectively conveys the tea seeds and the fruit shells into the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the separated tea seeds and the separated fruit shells into the charging device independently; the charging device charges tea seeds and shells respectively. The invention can effectively improve the processing efficiency of the oil tea fruits, enhance the sorting effect of tea seeds and promote the comprehensive utilization of fruit shells, and has the characteristics of low labor intensity and low production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of food processing equipment, and particularly relates to a pretreatment production line for oil tea fruits.
Background
The camellia oleifera is a special woody edible oil tree seed in China, and the fruits of the camellia oleifera are composed of camellia oleifera shells and camellia seeds, wherein the camellia seeds can be used as raw materials of edible oil, feed and chemical products, and the shells can be used for preparing high-added-value products such as active carbon, tannin extract, culture medium, saponin and the like. Along with the development of large-area concentrated picking and large-scale industrialized processing of oil tea fruits, the improvement of the production level of the assembly line and the comprehensive utilization level of the shells of all links of the oil tea fruit processing is very necessary.
At present, after picking fresh oil tea fruits, after-ripening treatment of the fresh fruits, separation of tea seeds from fruit shells and tea seed sorting are pretreatment working sections for tea seed processing. However, the following problems mainly exist in production at present: 1) After tea seeds and shells of the oil tea fruits are mechanically separated, the tea seeds are usually separated by adopting a manual or mechanical separation method, the manual method has low efficiency and high cost, and is not beneficial to large-scale production, and the tea seeds are separated by adopting a screening and winnowing mode through the common mechanical separation method, for example, the application number 201610766571.5 discloses a camellia oil extraction production line, the production line adopts a screen to be connected with a shell and seed separation unit of a winnowing machine, the size and quality difference between the tea seeds and the shells are comprehensively utilized by the unit, but the advantages of the method are limited due to the fact that part of the tea seeds and the shells are similar in size and quality; 2) After tea seeds are sorted, the tea seeds are often manually bagged, the fruit shells are often discarded as residues after subsequent processing, the labor intensity of manual bagging is high, the production efficiency is low, and the large-scale production is not facilitated, meanwhile, the difficulty is brought to the subsequent tea seed processing due to the fact that the sorted tea seeds are inevitably mixed with pollutants such as mud, sand, iron and stone, and in addition, the fruit shells are directly discarded without comprehensive utilization, so that huge waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a tea-oil camellia fruit pretreatment production line, wherein the separation liquid is utilized by the separation device to realize the effective separation of tea seeds and shells through researching and designing the specific structure and the specific setting mode of the key component separation device, so that the processing efficiency of the tea-oil camellia fruits can be effectively improved, the tea seed separation effect can be enhanced, the comprehensive utilization of the shells can be promoted, and the tea-oil camellia fruit pretreatment production line has the characteristics of low labor intensity and low production cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a tea-oil camellia fruit pretreatment production line, which comprises a feeding device, a sorting device, a conveying device and a charging device, wherein the feeding device is used for separating shells of tea-oil camellia fruits from tea seeds and sending a tea seed and shell mixture into the sorting device; the sorting device separates tea seeds from fruit shells by using sorting liquid and respectively conveys the tea seeds and the fruit shells into the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the separated tea seeds and the separated fruit shells into the charging device independently; the charging device charges tea seeds and shells respectively.
As a further preferred aspect, the sorting device comprises a sorting tank, the sorting tank is fixed on a sorting frame, a liquid inlet is formed on the sorting tank for introducing sorting liquid into the sorting tank, a material guiding net which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the sorting tank, one end of the material guiding net is positioned below the feeding device, the other end of the material guiding net is immersed in the sorting liquid and is positioned above a sorting circulation conveyor belt, the sorting circulation conveyor belt is also obliquely arranged, one end of the material guiding net positioned below the material guiding net is also immersed in the sorting liquid, and the other end of the material guiding net is used as a discharging end for conveying separated tea seeds into the conveying device; the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is provided with fixed baffle plates at intervals, two parallel baffle plates are arranged on two sides of the sorting circulation conveyor belt, an inner shell removing groove is formed in one parallel baffle plate, and the position and the size of the inner shell removing groove correspond to those of an outer shell removing groove formed in the sorting tank; a shell baffle is arranged at the side of the shell removing inner groove, and the shell baffle is arranged between the two parallel baffles and is used for blocking and concentrating shells floating on the surface of the sorting liquid; the sorting frame is also provided with a shell removing motor which is connected with the shell removing blade wheel and used for driving the shell removing blades on the shell removing blade wheel to rotate so as to separate the shells concentrated at the shell baffle plate into the conveying device through the shell removing inner groove and the shell removing outer groove.
As a further preferable mode, the mesh diameter of the material guiding net is 1-2mm, and the inclination angle is 120-150 degrees; the inclination angle of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is 15-45 degrees, the sorting circulation conveyor belt is of a mesh structure, and the diameter of the mesh is 1-2 mm; the outer end part of the shell removing blade is arc-shaped, the blade is of a mesh structure, and the diameter of the mesh is 1-2 mm.
As a further preferable mode, two ends of the sorting circulation conveyor belt are respectively tensioned on a driving rolling shaft and a driven rolling shaft, and the driving rolling shaft is driven by a rolling shaft motor; the two parallel baffles are fixed on the inner side of the separation tank through the connecting plates and are in clearance fit with the edge of the separation circulating conveyor belt through the clamping grooves.
As a further preferable mode, the bottom of the separation tank is of a concave structure for sewage disposal, a sewage outlet is formed in the middle of the concave structure, a sewage pipe is connected to the sewage outlet, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the sewage pipe.
As a further preferred aspect, the feeding device comprises a separating unit for separating tea seeds from fruit shells by removing the shells from the tea fruits, a circulating conveyor belt, and a feeding hopper for feeding the tea seed and fruit shell mixture into the sorting device.
As a further preferable mode, the circulating conveyor belt is arranged at an angle of 15-45 degrees, and the surfaces of the circulating conveyor belt are provided with baffle plates at intervals.
As a further preferred feature, the conveyor comprises a tea seed conveyor for conveying tea seeds into the loading device and a fruit shell conveyor for conveying fruit shells into the loading device.
As a further preferable mode, the first cleaning device and the first air drying device are sequentially arranged above the tea seed conveyor belt, and the second cleaning device and the second air drying device are sequentially arranged above the fruit shell conveyor belt.
As a further preferable aspect, the density of the sorting solution is 0.9g/ml.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1. the tea seeds and the shells are separated by using the separation liquid and adopting a density separation method, namely, the tea seeds and the shells are separated by using the separation liquid according to the principle that the density of the tea seeds is higher than that of the shells, so that the tea seeds and the shells are effectively separated, and the tea seeds and the shells have the advantages of high separation efficiency and low cost.
2. According to the invention, tea seeds sink due to high density, the tea seeds can be ensured to fall on the sorting circulation conveyor belt due to the existence of the parallel baffles, the baffle plate on the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor belt drives the tea seeds to be conveyed onto the tea seed conveyor belt along with the sorting circulation conveyor belt, meanwhile, the shells float on the liquid surface due to low density, the shells flow to the shell baffles under the driving of sorting liquid flowing in from the liquid inlet of the sorting tank, the shells are concentrated at the shell baffles due to the blocking of the shell baffles, and the shells are separated onto the shell conveyor belt through the shell grooves under the action of the rotating shell removing blades, so that unmanned operation of the whole tea seed sorting process is basically realized, the tea seed sorting effect is enhanced, and the production efficiency is improved.
3. In the process of sorting tea seeds, sediment, dust and other impurities on the surfaces of the tea seeds are partially dispersed into sorting liquid when the tea seeds sink or fall into the bottom of a sorting pool from meshes of a sorting circulating conveyor belt, so that the effect of cleaning the tea seeds is achieved.
4. In the cleaning process of the tea seeds and the shells, the sorting liquid remained on the surfaces of the tea seeds and the shells is washed away, and meanwhile, the impurities remained on the surfaces are further washed away, so that a cleaning section in the subsequent tea seed processing is omitted, the tea seed processing technology and device are simplified, and the production cost is saved.
5. According to the invention, after the shells are separated from the sorting device and are conveyed onto the shell conveyor belt, the shells are subjected to cleaning and air drying stages, and finally, the shells are charged by the automatic charging device, so that preparation is made for the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the shells, and the comprehensive utilization of the shells is promoted.
6. The present invention prefers a solution with a density of 0.9g/ml as the sorting liquid of the present invention, because the inventors have found through continuous researches that when a sorting liquid with a density of 0.9g/ml is used, effective and perfect separation of tea seeds, fruit cattails and impurities can be achieved, the sorting effect is excellent, no fruit cattails and impurities are present in the sorted tea seeds, and the purity is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a pretreatment production line for oil tea fruits according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pretreatment production line for oil tea fruits according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an assembly view of a material guiding net, a sorting circulation conveyor belt, a shell baffle and a parallel baffle provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of a material guiding net and a sorting circulation conveyor belt according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a parallel baffle and a shell baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an assembly view of a de-shelled motor and de-shelled paddle wheel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a left side view of an assembly of a de-shelled motor and de-shelled paddle wheel provided in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the oil tea fruit pretreatment production line provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a feeding device, a sorting device 37, a conveying device and a charging device, wherein the feeding device is used for separating shells of oil tea fruits from tea seeds and feeding a mixture of tea seeds and shells into the sorting device; the sorting device separates tea seeds from fruit shells by using sorting liquid and respectively conveys the tea seeds and the fruit shells into the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the separated tea seeds and the separated fruit shells into the charging device independently; the charging device charges tea seeds and shells respectively. Through the mutual cooperation of the devices, the processing efficiency of the oil tea fruits can be effectively improved, the sorting effect of tea seeds can be enhanced, the comprehensive utilization of fruit shells can be promoted, and the oil tea fruit sorting machine has the characteristics of low labor intensity and low production cost.
The respective devices will be described in more detail one by one.
As shown in fig. 2, the feeding apparatus includes a separating unit 34, an endless conveyor 35, and a feeding hopper 36, wherein the separating unit 34 is for separating tea seeds of the tea fruit from shells of the tea fruit by shelling the tea fruit, and conveying a tea seed and shell mixture into the feeding hopper 36 via the endless conveyor 35, and the feeding hopper 36 is for feeding the tea seed and shell mixture into the sorting apparatus. The separating unit is of a conventional structure, and any structure capable of realizing the shelling function to separate tea seeds from fruit shells is suitable for the invention and is not described herein. Specifically, the feeding hopper 36 is provided with a hopper, a hopper door motor 11 and a hopper door 12, and the hopper door motor drives the hopper door in the hopper to open and close.
Specifically, the endless conveyor 35 is arranged inclined by 15 ° to 45 °, and the surface is provided with the striker plates 1 at intervals. If the inclination angle is too large, the baffle plate on the surface of the circulating conveyor belt cannot play a good role, so that sliding is easy to occur, the horizontal space is occupied by too small baffle plate, and the phenomenon that the sliding occurs due to insufficient friction force is solved by arranging the baffle plate to enable tea seeds and fruit shell mixture to be subjected to the action of the baffle plate, so that smooth feeding of the circulating conveyor belt is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the sorting device is the most core component of the invention, and comprises a sorting tank 5, wherein the sorting tank 5 is fixed on a sorting frame 6, a liquid inlet 7 is formed on the sorting tank and is used for introducing sorting liquid into the sorting tank, tea seeds are sorted by the sorting liquid through a density sorting method, and particularly, the tea seeds are separated from the fruit shells through the sorting liquid in the sorting tank by using the density of the tea seeds being greater than that of the fruit shells, wherein the tea seeds sink due to the higher density, and the fruit shells float on the liquid surface due to the lower density, so that the tea seeds are effectively separated from the fruit shells.
Wherein the inside of the sorting tank 5 is provided with a guide net 8 which is arranged obliquely, the guide net 8 is arranged inside the sorting tank, one end of the guide net 8 is positioned below the feeding device, particularly below the feeding hopper in the feeding device, the other end of the guide net is immersed (submerged) in the sorting liquid and positioned above the sorting circulating conveyor belt 10, namely, the guide net is partially immersed in the sorting liquid, so that the mixture of tea seeds and shells in the feeding hopper is conveyed to the sorting circulating conveyor belt 10 through the guide net, and in the conveying process, the shells with smaller density are separated from the tea seeds with larger density, the tea seeds are conveyed to the sorting circulating conveyor belt 10, and the shells float on the surface of the sorting liquid. The mesh diameter of the material guiding net is 1-2mm, and the inclination angle alpha is 120-150 degrees as shown in fig. 6, so that the mesh is smaller than the actual tea seed size, the allowance is reserved, the tea seeds with smaller size are ensured not to fall from the mesh, and the tea seeds falling from the feeding hopper are ensured to be completely dispersed in the range of the material guiding net through the inclination angle of 120-150 degrees, meanwhile, the space is saved, and the cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, the sorting circulation conveyor 10 is also inclined, and one end thereof below the material guiding net is also immersed in the sorting liquid, and the other end thereof on the sorting liquid is used as a discharge end for feeding the separated tea seeds into the conveyor, i.e. the sorting circulation conveyor is also partially immersed in the sorting liquid, the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor is provided with fixed baffle plates 9 at intervals, and two sides thereof are provided with parallel baffle plates 16 and 17, wherein, as shown in fig. 5, one parallel baffle plate is provided with an inner shell removing groove 18, the position and the size of the inner shell removing groove 18 correspond to the position and the size of an outer shell removing groove 25 arranged on the sorting tank, a shell baffle plate 21 is arranged beside the discharge end of the sorting circulation conveyor, and the shell baffle plate 21 is arranged between the two parallel baffle plates 16 and 17 for blocking the shells floating on the surface of the sorting liquid and concentrating at the inner shell removing groove.
In order to facilitate timely cleaning and discharging of shells, a shell removing unit is further arranged above the sorting liquid, the shell removing unit comprises a shell removing motor 22, the shell removing motor 22 is arranged on the sorting frame 6 and is specifically arranged above the liquid level of the inner side of the sorting tank, which is close to the discharge end of the circulating conveyor belt, and the shell removing motor is connected with a shell removing blade wheel 23 and used for driving shell removing blades 24 on the shell removing blade wheel to rotate, and shells concentrated at the shell baffle plate are separated into the conveying device through shell removing inner grooves and shell removing outer grooves through the rotation of the shell removing blades.
Further, the inclination angle beta of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is 15-45 degrees, the sorting circulation conveyor belt is of a mesh structure, the diameter of the mesh is 1-2mm, tea seeds with smaller sizes can be guaranteed not to fall from the meshes through the meshes of the size, meanwhile, the inclination angle of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is designed to be 15-45 degrees, on one hand, the fixed baffle plate on the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor belt can well play a role in blocking the tea seeds from sliding downwards, on the other hand, the whole structure can not occupy too much horizontal space, and the sorting pool is prevented from being longer. Specifically, two ends of the sorting circulation conveyor belt are respectively tensioned on a driving rolling shaft 13 and a driven rolling shaft 14, and the driving rolling shaft 13 is driven by a rolling shaft motor 15, so that the sorting circulation conveyor belt is driven to move, and then tea seeds on the sorting circulation conveyor belt are driven to move; the two parallel baffles 16, 17 are fixed inside the sorting tank by a connecting plate 20 and are in clearance fit with the edges of the sorting circulation conveyor by a clamping groove 19.
In particular, it has been found that the flotation effect is best when the density of the flotation solution is 0.9g/ml, and that alcohol, ionic solution, etc. with a density of 0.9g/ml, such as C, can be used 14 H 27 N 2 BF 4 ，C 7 H 10 BF 4 N，C 16 H 27 N 3 F 6 S 2 O 4 And the like.
In order to realize the blowdown, the bottom design of separation tank becomes concave structure 2, and the drain has been seted up at the middle part of this concave structure, and the drain has connect drain 3, is equipped with solenoid valve 4 on this drain 3, so makes from the guide net or select separately circulation conveyer belt mesh fall to the silt of separation tank bottom gather to the drain department of concave structure bottom from concave structure surface under the action of gravity, realizes getting rid of the silt of deposit in the bottom through the switch of control drain solenoid valve 4. Further, one end of the sorting circulation conveyor belt 10 submerged in the sorting liquid maintains a certain height with the bottom of the concave structure, and the height is 10 cm-30 cm, so that the sorting circulation conveyor belt cannot interfere with the bottom of the sorting tank, and sediment and other impurities are conveniently deposited.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8-9, the outer end of the shell removing blade is arc-shaped, and the blade is mesh-shaped, the diameter of the mesh is 1-2mm, so that the shell floating on the sorting liquid is scooped up by the arc-shaped structure of the outer end of the rotating shell removing blade, and the shell obtains an initial velocity in the approximately horizontal direction and is separated from the inner and outer grooves of the shell removing blade. The mesh is directly designed to be 1-2mm, so that the shell removing blade can take away as much shell as possible and the loss of sorting liquid can be reduced as much as possible in the rotating process of the shell removing blade.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the conveyor comprises a tea seed conveyor 38 and a fruit shell conveyor 39, i.e. the conveying action is divided into two paths, one for conveying tea seeds and the other for conveying fruit shells, so that separated tea seeds and fruit shells are conveyed independently of each other from the sorting device into the charging device and are charged independently of each other in the charging device, respectively. Specifically, the tea seed conveyor belt 38 is disposed below the discharge end of the sorting circulation conveyor belt 10 for conveying tea seeds to the loading device, and the shell conveyor belt 39 is disposed beside the shell-removing outer tank 25 for conveying shells to the loading device.
Further, the first cleaning device 40 and the first air drying device 42 are sequentially arranged above the tea seed conveying belt, residual sorting liquid on the surface of the tea seeds is cleaned through the first cleaning device 40, impurities such as dust and sediment on the surface are flushed, the tea seeds filled subsequently are guaranteed to be dry through the first air drying device 42, and the possibility of mildew is reduced. Likewise, the second cleaning device 41 and the second air drying device 43 are sequentially arranged above the shell conveyor belt, the sorting liquid remained on the surface of the shell is cleaned through the second cleaning device 41, meanwhile, impurities such as dust and sediment on the surface are flushed, the subsequently-charged shell is guaranteed to be dry through the second air drying device 43, and the possibility of mildew is reduced. The first cleaning device 40 and the second cleaning device 41 have the same structure and are water spraying pipes 26 provided with a plurality of water spraying holes 27 corresponding to the respective conveyor belts; the first air drying device 42 and the second air drying device 43 are identical in structure and comprise an air drying motor 28, and the air drying motor 28 is connected with the air drying blade wheel 29 and used for driving the air drying blade 30 to rotate.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the loading device comprises a first automatic loading device 44 and a second automatic loading device 45, the first automatic loading device 44 and the second automatic loading device 45 are identical in structure, each comprises a loading hopper 31 arranged below a corresponding conveyor belt, a loading box 32 is arranged below the loading hopper 31, and the loading box 32 is arranged on the loading conveyor belt 33.
According to the invention, the tea seeds are sorted by adopting a density sorting method, wherein the tea seeds sink due to higher density, the tea seeds can be guaranteed to fall on the sorting circulation conveyor belt 10 completely due to the existence of the parallel baffles 16 and 17, the baffle plate 9 on the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor belt 10 drives the tea seeds to be conveyed onto the tea seed conveyor belt 38 along with the sorting circulation conveyor belt 10, the shells float on the liquid surface due to lower density, the shells flow to the shell baffle plate 21 under the driving of sorting liquid flowing into the liquid inlet 7 of the sorting tank 5, the shells are concentrated at the shell baffle plate 21 due to the blocking of the shell baffle plate 21, the shells are separated onto the shell conveyor belt 39 through the shell inner groove 18 under the action of the rotating shell removing blades 24, the unmanned operation of the whole tea seed sorting process is basically realized, the tea seed sorting effect is enhanced, and the production efficiency is improved. After the shells are separated from the sorting device onto the shell conveyor belt 39, the shells are finally charged by the automatic charging device after the cleaning and air drying stages, so that preparation is made for the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the shells, and the comprehensive utilization of the shells is promoted.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line is characterized by comprising a feeding device, a sorting device, a conveying device and a charging device, wherein the feeding device is used for separating camellia oleifera fruit shells from camellia seeds and feeding camellia seed and fruit shell mixture into the sorting device; the sorting device separates tea seeds from fruit shells by using sorting liquid and respectively conveys the tea seeds and the fruit shells into the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the separated tea seeds and the separated fruit shells into the charging device independently; the charging device charges tea seeds and shells respectively;
the sorting device comprises a sorting tank (5), wherein the sorting tank (5) is fixed on a sorting frame (6), a liquid inlet (7) is formed in the sorting tank and is used for introducing sorting liquid into the sorting tank, a material guide net (8) which is obliquely arranged is arranged in the sorting tank (5), one end of the material guide net (8) is positioned below a feeding device, the other end of the material guide net is immersed in the sorting liquid and is positioned above a sorting circulating conveyor belt (10), one end of the sorting circulating conveyor belt (10) is also obliquely arranged, the other end of the sorting circulating conveyor belt is also immersed in the sorting liquid, and the other end of the sorting circulating conveyor belt is used as a discharging end and is used for conveying separated tea seeds into the conveying device; the surface of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is provided with fixed baffle plates (9) at intervals, two parallel baffle plates (16, 17) are arranged on two sides of the sorting circulation conveyor belt, an inner shell removing groove (18) is formed in one parallel baffle plate, and the position and the size of the inner shell removing groove (18) correspond to those of an outer shell removing groove (25) formed in the sorting tank; a shell baffle (21) is arranged at the side of the shell-removing inner groove (18), and the shell baffle (21) is arranged between the two parallel baffles (16, 17) and is used for blocking and concentrating shells floating on the surface of the sorting liquid; the sorting frame (6) is also provided with a shell removing motor (22), and the shell removing motor (22) is connected with a shell removing blade wheel (23) and is used for driving shell removing blades (24) on the shell removing blade wheel to rotate so as to separate shells concentrated at the shell baffle plate into a conveying device through a shell removing inner groove and a shell removing outer groove; the two parallel baffles (16, 17) are fixed on the inner side of the sorting pool through connecting plates (20) and are in clearance fit with the edge of the sorting circulation conveyor belt through clamping grooves (19);
the diameter of the mesh of the material guiding net is 1-2mm, and the inclination angle is 120-150 degrees; the inclination angle of the sorting circulation conveyor belt is 15-45 degrees, the sorting circulation conveyor belt is of a mesh structure, and the diameter of the mesh is 1-2 mm; the outer end part of the shell removing blade is arc-shaped, the blade is of a mesh structure, and the diameter of the mesh is 1-2 mm.
2. The oil tea fruit pretreatment production line according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the sorting circulation conveyor belt are respectively tensioned on a driving rolling shaft (13) and a driven rolling shaft (14), and the driving rolling shaft (13) is driven by a rolling shaft motor (15).
3. The oil tea fruit pretreatment production line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom of the separation tank is of a concave structure for sewage disposal, a sewage outlet is arranged in the middle of the concave structure, the sewage outlet is connected with a sewage pipe (3), and an electromagnetic valve (4) is arranged on the sewage pipe (3).
4. The camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding device comprises a separating unit (34), a circulating conveyor belt (35) and a feeding hopper (36), the separating unit (34) being used for shelling camellia oleifera fruits to separate camellia seeds from shells and conveying camellia seed and shell mixtures via the circulating conveyor belt (35) into the feeding hopper (36), the feeding hopper (36) being used for feeding the camellia seed and shell mixtures into the sorting device.
5. The oil tea fruit pretreatment production line according to claim 4, characterized in that the circulating conveyor belt is arranged at an inclination of 15-45 degrees, and the surfaces are provided with baffle plates (1) at intervals.
6. The camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the conveying means comprises a camellia seed conveyor belt (38) and a fruit shell conveyor belt (39), the camellia seed conveyor belt (38) being used for conveying camellia seeds into the charging means, and the fruit shell conveyor belt (39) being used for conveying fruit shells into the charging means.
7. The camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line as claimed in claim 6, wherein a first cleaning device (40) and a first air drying device (42) are sequentially arranged above the camellia oleifera seed conveyor belt, and a second cleaning device (41) and a second air drying device (43) are sequentially arranged above the camellia oleifera seed conveyor belt.
8. The camellia oleifera fruit pretreatment production line of claim 1, wherein the sorting liquid has a density of 0.9g/ml.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810128897.4A CN108325732B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Tea-oil camellia fruit preliminary treatment production line |
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| CN201810128897.4A CN108325732B (en) | 2018-02-08 | 2018-02-08 | Tea-oil camellia fruit preliminary treatment production line |
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| CN108325732A CN108325732A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN108325732B true CN108325732B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| CN113019672A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-25 | 安徽东旭大别山农业科技有限公司 | Shell splitter is used in camellia oil processing production |
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| CN113245050B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2023-03-24 | 衢州市红花林农业开发有限公司 | Dustless tea seed edulcoration device of environment-friendly |
| CN113789217B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-25 | 江西农业大学 | Cattail seed mixture intelligence splitter based on dry cattail that explodes of tea-oil camellia fruit |
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