CN108316232A - The surface layer structure and its construction method of gravity type quay breastwork - Google Patents
The surface layer structure and its construction method of gravity type quay breastwork Download PDFInfo
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- CN108316232A CN108316232A CN201810134063.4A CN201810134063A CN108316232A CN 108316232 A CN108316232 A CN 108316232A CN 201810134063 A CN201810134063 A CN 201810134063A CN 108316232 A CN108316232 A CN 108316232A
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of surface layer structure and its construction method of gravity type quay breastwork,By constructing structure and method that horizontal separation layer is arranged between breastwork body top surface and face layer bottom surface,The end section of the end section and horizontal separation layer that enable face layer all connects with the facade of the exposed accessory structure on breastwork body top surface,The technical issues of face layer for solving Conventional gravity formula harbour is constrained by the powerful deformation of face layer or less breastwork concrete and is easy cracking,Reach and releases gravity type quay face layer by the strong constraint from face layer or less breastwork,The top-crack that realization face layer generates due to not occurring when temperature deformation or contraction distortion the constraint by face layer or less breastwork substantially,And eliminate top-crack caused by face layer or less breastwork crack reflection to face layer,To achieve the purpose that reduce top-crack,And face layer can be realized face layer using the plain concrete material pouring molding for being not provided with reinforcing bar and not occur the demand of anti-crack of crack and reflection crack caused by temperature deformation or contraction distortion substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction of harbour, relate in particular to the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork
And its construction method.
Background technology
Gravity type quay is that China is distributed more widely, uses a kind of more dock structure form.Gravity type quay mainly by
The compositions such as backfill after breastwork, wall body, rubble-mound foundation, wall, the filler weight and ground in building dead weight and range of structures are strong
Degree keeps stability, thus it is good with durable, frost resistance firm in structure and anti-ice, larger landing load and ship can be born
Load, construction is simple adaptable to larger concentrfated load and quay surface overload and loading and unloading capacity variation, maintenance cost
The advantages that small.
In the structure design of Conventional gravity formula harbour or construction, certain thickness concrete can be reserved as face at the top of breastwork
The top surface of layer, face layer is the top surface of harbour.Under normal circumstances, the construction procedure of breast wall structure is first to pour face layer or less breastwork
Concrete (breastwork ontology), after-pouring facing concrete (face layer), the contact surface between breastwork ontology and face layer is applied equipped with level
Work is stitched；Wherein, setting face layer bar-mat reinforcement or reinforcing bar can be not provided in the layer of face.Breastwork is by design section construction, and section length is sometimes
Up to 30m deformation joint is set between segmentation for long wall mass concrete；Surface thickness about 20cm or so, for surface area is big
The concrete structure of thinner thickness.Facing concrete is needed before pouring to the processing of breastwork ontology top of concrete dabbing, so that two
It combines closely between layer concrete；However, so also resulting in this body concrete of breastwork opposite layer concrete generates powerful deformation
Constraint.Facing concrete will produce contraction after pouring, generate contraction distortion, become the reason is that generating volume in concrete knot hard process
Free moisture evaporation causes the contraction distortion of the concrete of breastwork ontology for shrinking, and first pouring part in small and concrete
Complete, and breastwork ontology be under the covering of face layer and close to the water surface or be partially submerged in it is underwater, in shady and cool or humidity ring
In border, the concrete shrinkage deformation of breastwork ontology is than the face layer in exposed state and in the dry environment more than water surface
The speed of the contraction distortion of concrete is slow, deflection is small, and when concrete generates temperature change under the influence of external condition can be sent out
Life is expanded with heat and contract with cold, and generates temperature deformation, the concrete of the concrete specific surface layer of breastwork ontology is by external environment (such as temperature, sunshine)
The speed of temperature deformation caused by variation is slow, variable quantity is small, this body concrete of breastwork generates under the influence of extraneous environmental change
Dilatation amount is less than the dilatation amount of facing concrete.With the contraction distortion of upper layer or temperature deformation by breastwork sheet
Tensile stress is generated in facing concrete under conditions of the powerful deformation constraint of body, when tensile stress intensity anti-more than concrete pulling
Just facing concrete is caused to crack.Therefore face layer is the one of the major reasons of surface cracking by the strong constraint of breastwork ontology.
In addition, breastwork is long wall mass concrete, breastwork ontology easy tos produce surface crack, which is easy to reflex to face
In layer, and then cause surface cracking.
In addition, the reinforcing bar of wharf apron kerb stretches into following breastwork, and when horizontal mesh reinforcement is equipped in layer face to face, face layer
Reinforcing bar stretch into kerb breastwork concrete below, the face of wharf apron layer and kerb and its under breastwork concrete company
It is connected together, the deformation of face layer is cracked by the deformation constraint of kerb and its lower breastwork concrete.
In summary, traditional gravity type quay face layer is based on its constructing structure, leads to not releasing face layer by face layer
Powerful deformation constraint between following breastwork concrete, can not fundamentally cut down facing concrete contraction distortion and temperature becomes
Crack caused by shape.
In addition, the crack of face layer or less breastwork top surface, which is easy to reflex in the layer of face, causes surface cracking；Therefore in traditional weight
Although taking optimised coagulation soil match ratio in the face layer design or construction of power formula wharf shoulder, reinforcing concrete vibrating and support
The measures such as shield, setting reinforcing bar, but top-crack still generally occurs, and becomes " common quality defect "；Therefore traditional gravity type quay face
The structure type of the layer following breastwork of knead dough layer to link together is unfavorable for the cracking resistance of face layer, and the cracking of face layer makes Wharf Surface
Impression quality is poor, durability weakens, service life is reduced, and validity period repairs maintenance cost and the technical problems such as increases.
Invention content
In view of the foregoing, the present invention provides a kind of surface layer structure and its construction method of gravity type quay breastwork, solves
The technical issues of face layer of Conventional gravity formula harbour is easy cracking by the strong constraint of face layer or less breastwork concrete, reaches
Gravity type quay face layer is released by the strong constraint from face layer or less breastwork, reduction face layer temperature caused by external environment changes
When the contraction distortion spent after deformation or concreting top-crack, elimination face layer are generated by being constrained outside the breastwork of face layer or less
Following breastwork crack reflection to face layer causes surface cracking, to achieve the purpose that reduce facing concrete crack.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that providing a kind of face layer knot of gravity type quay breastwork
Structure, the gravity type quay include the wall body being set in the harbour foundation structure, the breastwork knot on wall body top surface
Structure, the breast wall structure include breastwork main body and exposed accessory structure, and the breastwork main body includes pouring in wall body top
Breastwork ontology on face and the face layer being formed on the breastwork body top surface is poured, the part knot of the exposed accessory structure
Structure is located in the breastwork ontology, part-structure is exposed to the top surface of the breastwork ontology；Wherein, the top surface of the breastwork ontology
It is equipped with horizontal separation layer between the bottom surface of face layer；The exposed accessory structure pours shape along the frontal line of harbour with side
On the top surface of breastwork ontology described in Cheng Yu, the end section of the end section and the horizontal separation layer that enable face layer all with institute
The facade for stating exposed accessory structure connects.
In the constructive embodiment of the present invention, the breastwork body top surface of the breast wall structure is configured to flat surface, to be formed
For being laid with the basal plane of the horizontal separation layer.
In the constructive embodiment of the present invention, the exposed accessory structure includes the shield wheel being arranged along gravity type quay frontal line
The side concrete sill of sill, position in gravity type quay both sides and the heaving pile column foundation on the layer top surface of the face；The shield
Wheel sill, the side concrete sill and the heaving pile column foundation are made of embedded bar and concrete structure respectively；It is described pre-buried
A part for reinforcing bar is located in the breastwork ontology, and other parts are exposed on the top surface of the breastwork ontology；The concrete
Structure, which pours, is formed in the exposing outside the embedded bar on breastwork body top surface.
Further, in constructive embodiment of the invention, the face layer of the breast wall structure is additionally provided with construction joint, the construction
Seam is formed between the kerb, side concrete sill and heaving pile column foundation of the face layer and the exposed accessory structure；It is described
It is contacted between the concrete structure and the concrete structure of the exposed accessory structure of face layer but is not provided with reinforcing connection structure.
Further, in constructive embodiment of the invention, the face layer of the breast wall structure is additionally provided with baste, and the baste is opened
The gap structure of the face layer is not penetrated through set on the facing surface but；The baste includes conventional baste and additional baste, institute
Baste is stated set on the surface of face layer and positioned at the surface of horizontal separation layer, the baste is along parallel or perpendicular to described
The direction of wharf apron line is formed.
In the constructive embodiment of the present invention, the breastwork ontology of the breast wall structure is on the top equipped with the exposed accessory structure
The horizontal separation layer is not provided on the region of face, the horizontal separation layer is made of 1 to 2 layer of geotextile.
Further, in constructive embodiment of the invention, the geotextile is polyester filament woven geotextile, the water
Flat separation layer is made of 1 layer of polyester filament woven geotextile.
The present invention separately provides a kind of construction method of the surface layer structure according to gravity type quay breastwork above-mentioned, wherein institute
The step of stating method include：
Step 1：After the completion of the harbour foundation structure of gravity type quay and wall body are constructed, the chest of section construction breast wall structure
Wall ontology, and along the embedded bar of wharf apron line and the pre-buried exposed accessory structure in side；
Step 2：It constructs the concrete structure of the exposed accessory structure, and after the completion of concrete structure pouring, removes
The concrete construction formwork of the breastwork ontology and the exposed accessory structure；
Step 3：Clear up and flatten the top surface of the breastwork ontology；
Step 4：The smooth laying of breastwork body top surface range other than equipped with the exposed accessory structure it is horizontal every
Absciss layer；
Step 5：Face layer described in section construction, one-time-concreting complete the concrete of one section of face layer；
Step 6：When in the face, the concreting of layer is completed and reaches default concrete crushing strength, to face layer
Surface cut to form baste；
Step 7：After the concrete curing phase for waiting for the face layer, the surface layer structure construction knot of the gravity type quay breastwork
Beam.
In the construction method embodiment of the present invention, the step 1 further includes being removed to the top of concrete of the breastwork ontology
Region other than exposed accessory structure is compacted, is flattened, and troweling surface.
In the construction method embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal separation layer in the step 4 uses 1 layer of polyester filament machine
Geotextiles are knitted, the polyester filament woven geotextile needs between taking overlap joint and the method for suture to realize geotextiles when splicing
The lap of splice of connection, the polyester filament woven geotextile is 30~50cm, the connector of the polyester filament woven geotextile
Place is sewed up by suture, and suture location is the upper layer polyester filament woven geotextile end of overlapping regions.
The present invention makes it have following advantageous effect as a result of above technical scheme：
(1) gravity type quay of the invention by between face layer and breastwork ontology setting geotextile constitute it is horizontal every
Absciss layer is isolated, and the strong constraint of face layer or less breastwork concrete opposite layer is relieved, and can greatly reduce face layer because temperature becomes
When shape or contraction are deformed, and the crack generated due to by the strong constraint from breastwork ontology.
(2) caused by the present invention eliminates breastwork body surface crack reflection to face layer by aforementioned structure and construction method
Crack.
(3) present invention makes face layer be poured using the plain concrete material for being not provided with reinforcing bar by aforementioned structure and construction method
The demand of anti-crack of face layer can be realized in the type of building up.
(4) present invention can effectively reduce the crack of Wharf Surface by the above technology, and raising presentation quality, raising are durable
Property, extend the service life of harbour, reduce validity period and repair maintenance cost, while reducing reinforcing bar usage amount, it is easy for construction, it saves
Resource, it is environmental.
These and other objects, feature and the advantage of the present invention, is filled by following detailed descriptions and claim
Fission is existing, and can be achieved by means, structure, method and the combination thereof specially pointed out in appended claims.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is gravity type quay of the present invention in the schematic cross-sectional view equipped with bollard base position.
Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of gravity type quay of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the horizontal separation layer horizontal layout schematic diagram of gravity type quay breast wall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram that the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention is constructed in kerb position.
Fig. 5 is that the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention is constructed in kerb and bollard base position
Flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is deformation joint, construction joint and baste the position plane signal of the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention
Figure.
The correspondence of reference numeral and component is as follows：
Harbour foundation structure 10；Wall body 20；Breast wall structure 30；Breastwork main body 301；Exposed accessory structure 302；Breastwork ontology
31；Face layer 32；End section 321；Horizontal separation layer 33；End section 331；Kerb 34；Embedded bar 341；Concrete knot
Structure 342；Side concrete sill 35；Heaving pile column foundation 36；Embedded bar 361；Concrete structure 362；Vertical isolation layer 37；Deformation
Seam 40；Construction joint 50；Baste 60；Conventional baste 61；Additional baste 62.
Specific implementation mode
For the benefit of to the understanding of the present invention, illustrate with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, for gravity type quay building in harbour foundation structure 10, the gravity type quay includes being set to
Wall body 20 in the harbour foundation structure 10, the breast wall structure 30 on 20 top surface of wall body, the breast wall structure 30
Include breastwork main body 301 and exposed accessory structure 302.Wherein, the breastwork main body 301 includes pouring to push up in the wall body 20
Breastwork ontology 31 on face and pour the face layer 32 being formed on 31 top surface of breastwork ontology, the top of the breastwork ontology 31
It is equipped with horizontal separation layer 33 between face and the bottom surface of face layer 32.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the face layer 32 forms the surface top layer of the gravity type quay after the completion of pouring,
The breastwork ontology 31 refers to pouring to be formed in 32 breastwork concrete parts below of the face layer, as shown in Figure 1, weight of the present invention
Power formula wharf shoulder is from top to bottom divided into face layer 32, horizontal separation layer 33 and breastwork ontology 31；Wherein, as Fig. 1 partial enlargements show
It anticipates shown in small figure, the exposed accessory structure 302 pours with side along the frontal line of harbour and is formed in the breastwork ontology 31
On top surface, the end section 331 of the end section 321 and the horizontal separation layer 33 that enable face layer 32 all with it is described exposed attached
The facade for belonging to structure 302 connects.
Specifically, the exposed accessory structure 302 of breast wall structure 30 of the invention is reinforced concrete structure, breastwork ontology 31
Knead dough layer 32 can be armored concrete or the plain concrete construction for being not provided with reinforcing bar；The geotextile is selected from polyester filament machine
Knit geotextiles, it with terylene synthetic fibers is raw material that the polyester filament woven geotextile, which is using high strength industrial, after woven
At the laminate structure that rule interweaves, the geotextile is to different physical properties (particle size, distribution, consistency and density
Deng) construction material (such as soil body and the grains of sand, the soil body and concrete) be isolated, so that two or more storerooms is not lost in,
Do not mix, keep the overall structure and function of material, structures load is made to hold ability reinforcement；Wherein, horizontal separation layer of the invention
33 are made of geotextile.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it is shown that the forward position line position of gravity type quay of the present invention, the breast wall structure 30 is along described
Frontal line extending direction is divided into several sections, and deformation joint 40 is equipped between each segmentation, and the deformation joint 40 hangs down gravity type quay
Histogram penetrates through the breast wall structure 30 upwards, i.e., the described breastwork ontology 31, face layer 32 and the horizontal separation layer 33 are all in correspondence
The position of the deformation joint 40 disconnects.Preferably, the width of the deformation joint 40 is 2cm, but not limited to this, the width of deformation joint 40
Degree can be adjusted according to practice of construction demand.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the exposed accessory structure 302 includes the kerb being arranged along gravity type quay frontal line
34, the heaving pile base for post positioned at the side concrete sill 35 of gravity type quay both sides and on harbour top surface (face 32 top surface of layer)
Plinth 36.As shown in the small figure close-up schematic views of (d) of Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the kerb 34 of the exposed accessory structure 302 includes
Embedded bar 341 and concrete structure 342, the heaving pile column foundation 36 include embedded bar 361 and concrete structure 362；Institute
State the embedded bar 341 of kerb 34 and the heaving pile column foundation 36,361 parts are embedded in advance within the top surface of breastwork ontology 31,
Part is exposed ground and is set on the top surface of the breastwork ontology 31, through casting concrete structure 342,362 in the embedded bar
341, the kerb 34 and the heaving pile column foundation 36 are formed behind 361 outsides.In the embodiment of the present invention, the heaving pile base for post
It is rectangular foundation structure that plinth 36, which is configured to flat shape, and the heaving pile column foundation 36 is equipped with bollard.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the face layer 32 of the breast wall structure 30 is located at the top of gravity type quay, and by positioned at forward position
Kerb 34 and side concrete sill 35 be surrounded on its inside；Preferably, face 32 thickness of layer of breast wall structure 30 of the present invention are
200 to 300mm.The breastwork ontology 31 of the breast wall structure 30 is located at face layer 32 and the kerb 34, the side
Concrete sill 35, the heaving pile column foundation 36 are hereinafter, and on the wall body 20 of gravity type quay.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, the horizontal separation layer 33 is located at bottom surface and the breastwork ontology 31 of face layer 32
Between top surface；As shown in (d) of Fig. 4, Fig. 5 small figure, the horizontal separation layer 33 and the kerb 34, side concrete sill
35, the bottom surface of heaving pile column foundation 36 is set on identical horizontal plane, enable the top surface of the breastwork ontology 31 equipped with kerb 34,
The horizontal separation layer 33 is not provided at the region of side concrete sill 35 and heaving pile column foundation 36.
In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the horizontal separation layer 33 includes 1~2 layer of geotextile, the geotechnique
Fabric desired strength height, water-tight mud, and durability and the corrosion resistance of alkaline-resisting, resistance to mould need to reach making for terminal designs
Use the time limit；Preferably, the horizontal separation layer 33 uses single-layer polyester long filament woven geotextile, the woven geotechnique of polyester filament
Cloth is the long fibre of terylene synthesis by woven formation, has that intensity is high, elasticity is good, wearability is good, surface is smooth, mantle friction
Coefficient is small, regain very little, moisture pick-up properties is poor, alkali resistance and fungus resistance energy are good, can be reached by control structure hole and not leaked
The ratio of mud (i.e. the weight ratio of cement mortar preparation water and cement) of the characteristics such as cement mortar, the cement mortar is less than 0.5, preferably
Ground, the polyester filament woven geotextile mass area ratio are 400g/m2.As shown in figure 3, the horizontal separation layer 33 is right
Answer at the deformation joint 40 of breast wall structure 30 disconnect, and as shown in Figure 1, the horizontal separation layer 33 gravity type quay Vertical Square
It is not provided with the bottom surface of the top surface areas and face layer 32 of exposed accessory structure 302 on spaced up breastwork ontology 31, makes breastwork ontology
It is only in contact at the position equipped with exposed accessory structure 302 between 31 and face layer 32；Whereby, gravity type of the present invention is effectively released
Wharf Surface 32 is reduced face layer 32 because temperature and contraction distortion are by breastwork by the strong constraint from breastwork ontology 31 below
It is constrained outside ontology 31 and generates top-crack, and eliminated 31 surface crack of breastwork ontology and reflex to crack caused by face layer 32.
In the embodiment of the present invention, 31 top surface of breastwork ontology of the breast wall structure 30 is preferably smooth smooth surface, to carry
For being laid with the basal plane of horizontal separation layer 33, the top surface degree of engagement of the bottom surface and breastwork ontology 31 of face layer 32 is reduced, is reduced horizontal
The frictional force that separation layer 33 is slided in the top surface of breastwork ontology 31；The horizontal separation layer 33 is layed in 31 top surface of breastwork ontology
Afterwards, the bottom surface of face layer 32 and being isolated for the top surface of breastwork ontology 31 are realized, the height of the bottom surface of face layer 32 is improved, makes face layer 32
Bottom surface and the top surface of breastwork ontology 31 between be not engaged；Face layer 32 in the concreting forming process of the face layer 32
Bottom surface and the cement mortar that passes through in the concrete of face layer 32 of top surface of horizontal separation layer 33 be bonded together, and horizontal separation layer
33 bottom surface and the top surface of breastwork ontology 31 are closely connected without bonding；Whereby, the bottom surface of face layer 32 can be via horizontal separation layer
33 bottom surfaces contact with the flat top surface of breastwork ontology 31 and reduce frictional force, and layer 32 is influenced that temperature occurs by external environmental condition face to face
When degree deformation or concreting after-contraction deform, the bottom surface of face layer 32 can be via horizontal separation layer 33 on the top of breastwork ontology 31
Face is free to slide, by the powerful of 31 top surface of breastwork ontology when reaching the 32 generation temperature deformation of the releasing face of realization layer or contraction distortion
Deformation constraint, enable face 32 Free Transform of layer, greatly reduce the 32 generation temperature deformation of face layer or when contraction distortion by chest
The crack that the constraint of wall ontology 31 generates.
As shown in fig. 6, the face layer 32 of the breast wall structure 30 is at the correspondence deformation joint 40 other than disconnecting, the face
Layer 32 is additionally provided with construction joint 50 and baste 60.
Wherein, the construction joint 50 is to penetrate through the face layer 32 along the perpendicular or parallel direction of gravity type quay frontal line
Gap structure, specifically, the construction joint 50 are formed in kerb 34, the side of face layer 32 and the exposed accessory structure 302
Between concrete sill 35 and heaving pile column foundation 36；In the embodiment of the present invention, the both sides concrete knot of the construction joint 50 is formed
Structure (such as facing concrete structure and kerb concrete structure) is in contact, but is not provided between the concrete structure of both sides any
The reinforcement connection (such as bar connecting) of form；Whereby, make between face layer 32 and breastwork ontology 31, exposed accessory structure 302
Horizontal connection weakens, can edge not by the constraint of breastwork ontology 31, exposed accessory structure 302 when face layer 32 being made to shrink deformation
50 contraction distortion of the construction joint prevents face layer 32 from irregular cracks occur on 50 periphery of construction joint, realizes that elimination face layer 32 exists
Generation is split due to face 32 contraction distortion of layer are constrained by exposed accessory structure 302 with the appearance of 302 link position of exposed accessory structure
Seam.
Wherein, the baste 60 is the gap structure for being opened in face 32 surface of layer but non-through-plane layer 32, the vacation
Seam 60 includes conventional baste 61 and additional baste 62, and the baste 60 is set to the surface of face layer 32 and is located at horizontal separation layer
33 surface, the baste 60 are formed along the direction parallel or perpendicular to the wharf apron line；Preferably, the baste
60 width is 4~8mm, and depth is 20~50mm.
Specifically, the conventional baste 61 is set to face 32 surface of layer and spacing is not more than 4m, to by the surface of face layer 32
It is divided into several blocks, prevents from generating irregular netted surface layer crack when the concrete shrinkage in face layer 32.The additional baste 62
Set on 36 periphery of heaving pile column foundation of the exposed accessory structure 302, and along the edge extending direction of the heaving pile column foundation 36
Face 32 surface of layer are formed in, also that is, the additional baste 62 is formed in construction joint 50 between face layer 32 and heaving pile column foundation 36
Extension line on, the starting point of the additional baste 62 is the angle point of heaving pile column foundation 36, and terminal is then extension path and first
The intersection point of the edge line of conventional baste 61 or face layer 32；Whereby, baste 62 is added by 32 surface of the layer setting in face, by bollard
Basis 36 around face layer 32 surface be divided into square blocks, to eliminate 36 surrounding of heaving pile column foundation face layer 32 deform when
Stress concentration occurs for the corner point of heaving pile column foundation 36, and the corner location that can eliminate face 32 surface of layer in heaving pile column foundation 36 is produced
Raw is in nonparallel inclined crack with 36 sideline of heaving pile column foundation.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the small figures of (d) of Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the end of the face layer 32
Portion section 321 directly can contact (Fig. 1) with the concrete structural surface of the exposed accessory structure 302, can also be along gravity
The vertical direction of formula harbour is set between the end section 321 and the concrete structural surface of exposed accessory structure 302 of face layer 32
Vertical isolation layer 37 (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) is set, also that is, the coagulation of the concrete structure and the exposed accessory structure 30 of face layer 32
It is also provided with vertical isolation layer 37 inside the construction joint 50 formed between soil structure.
The specific implementation mode of the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention is explained above, below please with Fig. 1, figure
Construction method of 6 cooperations refering to the surface layer structure for shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, illustrating gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention.The method
Step includes：
Step 1：After the completion of the harbour foundation structure 10 of gravity type quay and wall body 20 are constructed, section construction breast wall structure
30 breastwork ontology 31, and along embedded bar (such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5 of the pre-buried exposed accessory structure of wharf apron line and side 302
(a) small figure).
In the step 1 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the exposed accessory structure 302 includes kerb 34, side coagulation
Native sill 35 and heaving pile column foundation 36, the embedded bar include kerb 34, side concrete sill 35 and heaving pile column foundation 36
Embedded bar ((a) small figure of such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, wherein the embedded bar of side concrete sill 35 does not show in Fig. 4, Fig. 5).
Further, the step 1 further includes：The top of concrete of the breastwork ontology 31 is described exposed attached in addition to being equipped with
Belong to the area requirement other than structure 302 to be compacted, flattened, and need troweling surface, to form the laying of horizontal separation layer 33
Smooth, smooth basal plane；The height difference that the top surface flatness requirement of the breastwork ontology 31 controls in horizontal distance 2m is less than
5mm；Breastwork ontology 31 and the section length of kerb 34 should meet design requirement；And to the concrete of breastwork ontology 31 into
Row maintenance.
Step 2：It constructs the concrete structure ((b) small figure of such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5) of the exposed accessory structure 302, and in mixed
After the completion of Xtah Crude Clay structure pours, the concrete construction formwork of the breastwork ontology 31 and the exposed accessory structure 302 is removed.
In the step 2 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the concrete structure of the exposed accessory structure 302 includes kerb
34, concrete structure ((b) small figure of such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5, wherein side is mixed of side concrete sill 35 and heaving pile column foundation 36
The concrete structure of solidifying soil sill 35 does not show in Fig. 4, Fig. 5).
Step 3：Clear up and flatten the top surface of the breastwork ontology 31.
In the step 3 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the top surface of the breastwork ontology 31 should meet flat after cleaning, leveling
Whole degree requires, no-sundries, and when the top surface flatness of the breastwork ontology 31 do not reach require when, should persistently carry out leveling processing,
Until qualified.The top surface of the breastwork ontology 31 is through leveling, troweling processing, to reduce skin-friction coefficient, described in reduction
Degree of engagement between breastwork ontology 31 and face layer 32.
Step 4：In the smooth laying water of 31 top surface range of breastwork ontology other than equipped with the exposed accessory structure 302
Flat separation layer 33 ((c) small figure of such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5).
In the step 4 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the horizontal separation layer 33 uses 1~2 layer of geotextile.This
Outside, the horizontal separation layer 33 answers horizontal laying and requires to be laid with smooth, non-wrinkled.
Further, the step 4 further includes：The geotextile preferably uses 1 layer of polyester filament woven geotextile, institute
Polyester filament woven geotextile is stated to need that overlap joint and the method for suture is taken to realize the connection between geotextiles when splicing, it is described poly-
The lap of splice of ester long filament woven geotextile is preferably 30~50cm, and the joint of the polyester filament woven geotextile is equipped with one
Road suture sews up, and suture location is the upper layer polyester filament woven geotextile end of overlapping regions, tight to reach seam, real
The now not effect of dew mud.
Further, the step 4 further includes：Before the horizontal separation layer 33 laying, to the breastwork ontology 31
Top surface is first sprinkled water once, to keep 31 top surface of breastwork ontology to moisten.
Step 5：Face layer 32 described in section construction, one-time-concreting complete the concrete of one section of face layer 32 (such as Fig. 4, Fig. 5
(d) small figure).
In the step 5 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the strong concrete of the concrete of face layer 32 in breastwork ontology 31
Degree is poured after reaching 2.5MPa or more.Further, the step 5 further includes：Before the concrete for pouring face layer 32, first
Watering moistens the concrete surface of the horizontal separation layer 33 and the breastwork ontology 31；And opposite layer 32 concrete into
Row maintenance.
Further, the step 5 further includes：The face layer 32 uses and 31 identical or different cooperation of the breastwork ontology
The concrete of ratio；When wherein, using the concrete of different ratio, preferably, the breastwork ontology 31 is larger using the ratio of mud, stream
Dynamic property is big, the slump is between the concrete of 80~180mm, and the face layer 32 is smaller using the ratio of mud, mobility is smaller, the slump
The grade of compressive strength of concreting forming less than 180mm, the concrete of the face layer 32 is not less than C30.
Further, the step 5 further includes：The face layer 32 is used dry using the plain concrete for being not provided with reinforcing bar
Rigid concrete pours, with the slump different from the breastwork ontology 31 between the larger coagulation of the water consumption of 80~180mm
Soil pours, ratio of mud very little, the mobility of the dry concrete are minimum, the slump is less than 10mm, the vigorous consistency of dimension between 5~
20s makes the preparation water consumption of 32 concrete of the face layer greatly reduce, and improves the tensile strength of face 32 concrete of layer, real
The contraction distortion for now greatly reducing face 32 concrete of layer reduces face 32 crack caused by contraction distortion of layer.
Step 6：When in the face, the concreting of layer 32 is completed and reaches default concrete crushing strength, to the face
It cuts to form baste 60 in the surface of layer 32.
In the step 6 of the method for the present invention embodiment, the face layer 32 is in 48 hours and mixed after completing concreting
Coagulate the baste 60 of constructing when soil compression strength reaches 6~15MPa.Further, the step 6 further includes：The baste 60
It is formed along the direction perpendicular or parallel with the wharf apron line extending direction；And the baste 60 be located at it is described it is horizontal every
The surface of absciss layer 33.
Preferably, the spacing of the baste 60 is no more than 4m, and the depth of the baste 60 is 20~50mm, the baste 60
Width be 4~8mm.
Step 7：After the concrete curing phase for waiting for the face layer 32, the surface layer structure of the gravity type quay breastwork is constructed
Terminate.
In conclusion the surface layer structure and its construction method of gravity type quay breastwork of the present invention pass through aforementioned structure embodiment
And soil is arranged between the face layer 32 and breastwork ontology 31 of gravity type quay of the invention compared with prior art in embodiment of the method
The horizontal separation layer 33 that work fabric is constituted is isolated, and the strong constraint of the concrete opposite layer 32 of breastwork ontology 31 is relieved,
Face layer 32 can be greatly reduced because of temperature deformation or shrink the when of being deformed and generate due to by the strong constraint from breastwork ontology 31
Crack.Meanwhile the present invention also eliminates 31 surface crack of breastwork ontology and reflexes to crack caused by face layer 32；Because face layer 32 with
It is provided with horizontal separation layer 33 between breastwork ontology 31, makes to be not connected between face layer 32 and the concrete of breastwork ontology 31, also keep away
Material deformation is exempted from and has needed consistent problem, to make face layer 32 that different from 31 concrete mix of breastwork ontology mix can be used
Solidifying soil makes the low slump of concrete slump far below breastwork ontology 31 of the face 32 usable slump of layer less than 80mm
Concrete, and dry concrete can be used, the stability of face 32 concrete of layer is effectively increased, face 32 coagulation of layer are reduced
Native contraction distortion and the contraction fissure caused by contraction distortion.Furthermore face layer 32 is using the plain concrete material for being not provided with reinforcing bar
Pouring molding, you can realization face layer 32 does not occur the anti-of the crack caused by temperature deformation or contraction distortion and reflection crack substantially
Split requirement.Therefore the present invention can effectively reduce the crack of Wharf Surface by the above technology, realizes the demand of anti-crack of face layer, carry
Apperance quality improves durability, extends the service life of harbour, reduces validity period and repairs maintenance cost, while reducing reinforcing bar
Usage amount, it is easy for construction, it economizes on resources, it is environmental.
It is described the invention in detail above in association with accompanying drawings and embodiments, those skilled in the art can basis
Above description makes many variations example to the present invention.Thus, certain details in embodiment should not constitute limitation of the invention,
The present invention will be using the range that the appended claims define as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork, the gravity type quay includes being set in the harbour foundation structure
Wall body, the breast wall structure on wall body top surface, the breast wall structure include breastwork main body and exposed accessory structure, institute
It includes pouring to be formed on the breastwork body top surface in the breastwork ontology and pouring on wall body top surface to state breastwork main body
Face layer, the part-structure of the exposed accessory structure is located in the breastwork ontology, part-structure is exposed to the breastwork sheet
The top surface of body；It is characterized in that：
It is equipped with horizontal separation layer between the top surface of the breastwork ontology and the bottom surface of face layer；The exposed accessory structure is along code
The frontal line of head is poured with side and is formed on the top surface of the breastwork ontology, enables the end section of the face layer and the level
The end section of separation layer all connects with the facade of the exposed accessory structure.
2. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The breastwork body top surface of the breast wall structure is configured to flat surface, to form the base for being laid with the horizontal separation layer
Face.
3. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The exposed accessory structure include the kerb being arranged along gravity type quay frontal line, position gravity type quay both sides side
Surface concrete sill and the heaving pile column foundation on the layer top surface of the face；The kerb, the side concrete sill and institute
Heaving pile column foundation is stated to be made of embedded bar and concrete structure respectively；A part for the embedded bar is located at the breastwork sheet
In body, other parts are exposed on the top surface of the breastwork ontology；The concrete structure pouring is formed in the exposing in chest
Outside embedded bar on wall body top surface.
4. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The face layer of the breast wall structure is additionally provided with construction joint, and the construction joint is formed in the face layer and the exposed accessory structure
Kerb, between side concrete sill and heaving pile column foundation；The concrete structure and the exposed accessory structure of the face layer
Concrete structure between contact but be not provided with reinforce connection structure.
5. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The face layer of the breast wall structure is additionally provided with baste, and the baste is to be opened in the facing surface but do not penetrate through the face layer
Gap structure；The baste includes conventional baste and additional baste, and the baste is set to the surface of face layer and is located at water
The surface of flat separation layer, the baste are formed along the direction parallel or perpendicular to the wharf apron line.
6. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The breastwork ontology of the breast wall structure be not provided in the top surface areas equipped with the exposed accessory structure it is described it is horizontal every
Absciss layer, the horizontal separation layer are made of 1 to 2 layer of geotextile.
7. the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The geotextile is polyester filament woven geotextile, and the horizontal separation layer is by 1 layer of polyester filament woven geotextile
It constitutes.
8. a kind of construction of the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to any claim in claim 1 to 7
Method, which is characterized in that the step of the method includes：
Step 1：After the completion of the harbour foundation structure of gravity type quay and wall body are constructed, the breastwork sheet of section construction breast wall structure
Body, and along the embedded bar of wharf apron line and the pre-buried exposed accessory structure in side；
Step 2：It constructs the concrete structure of the exposed accessory structure, and after the completion of concrete structure pouring, described in dismounting
The concrete construction formwork of breastwork ontology and the exposed accessory structure；
Step 3：Clear up and flatten the top surface of the breastwork ontology；
Step 4：In the smooth horizontal separation layer of laying of the breastwork body top surface range other than equipped with the exposed accessory structure；
Step 5：Face layer described in section construction, one-time-concreting complete the concrete of one section of face layer；
Step 6：When in the face, the concreting of layer is completed and reaches default concrete crushing strength, to the table of face layer
It cuts to form baste in face；
Step 7：After the concrete curing phase for waiting for the face layer, the surface layer structure construction of the gravity type quay breastwork terminates.
9. the construction method of the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid 1 further includes being compacted, being flattened to region of the top of concrete of the breastwork ontology in addition to exposed accessory structure, and smeared
Optical surface.
10. the construction method of the surface layer structure of gravity type quay breastwork according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described
Step 4 further includes：
The horizontal separation layer is using polyester filament woven geotextile and between taking overlap joint and the method for suture to realize geotextiles
Connection, the lap of splice of the polyester filament woven geotextile is 30~50cm, and the polyester filament woven geotextile connects
It is sewed up by suture at head, suture location is the upper layer polyester filament woven geotextile end of overlapping regions.
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109917114A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-21 | 大连理工大学 | It is a kind of it is improved measurement concrete confined shrinkage under the conditions of cracking resistance test method |
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