CN103643656B - High rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body on deep coverage layer and construction method of high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body - Google Patents
High rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body on deep coverage layer and construction method of high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body on a deep coverage layer and a construction method of the high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body. The membrane anti-seepage body is composed of a concrete protection layer, a geomembrane anti-seepage layer, a flexibility cushion layer and a transition layer. The concrete protection layer is a cast-in-place fiber concrete layer for a reserved cross joint and a vertical joint and located on a surface layer to protect a geomembrane. The geomembrane anti-seepage layer is a two-cloth and one-membrane composite geomembrane and is located in the middle to play a role of preventing seepage. The flexibility cushion layer is a polyurethane pervious concrete layer and located at the bottom of the anti-seepage body to support the geomembrane and to transmit and disperse water loads. The rough granule transition layer is arranged between the flexibility cushion layer and a rock-fill dam body. The construction method comprises the technical steps of filling and building the transition layer, pouring the flexibility cushion layer, paving the composite geomembrane, pouring the concrete protection layer and the like. The membrane anti-seepage body can keep stable on a high rock-fill dam slope, the ability of adapting to deformation of a coverage layer dam foundation and the dam body is high, the structural form is simple, construction is fast, and the anti-seepage problem of the high rock-fill dam on the deep coverage layer can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering technical field, relate to a kind of loose rock dam impervious body and construction method thereof, particularly relate to high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body and construction method thereof on a kind of deeply covered layer.
Background technology
Southwestern China area hydraulic power potentials enriches, but along with the deep enforcement of strategy to develop western regions and the quick propelling of water conservancy and hydropower exploitation, the good excellent dam site of geological conditions is fewer and feweri, and the dam site area relating to riverbed deep covering layer is more and more.Loose rock dam can make full use of local natural materials owing to having, and dam site condition is adaptable, dam foundation covering layer open excavation amount is little, the advantage such as convenient of constructing and become the optimum dam type that can be built on the deep covering layer dam foundation.For building high loose rock dam on deep covering layer, because dam foundation distortion is comparatively large, impervious body structure the most key in dam body is very easily destroyed, thus threatens the safety of whole dam.So reasonably loose rock dam impervious body material and structural shape become the key realizing deeply covered layer being built high loose rock dam.
Tradition loose rock dam are divided into core wall rockfill dam and rock by impervious body pattern.Seepage prevention of core wall body mainly contains earth core and asphaltic concrete core wall.For earth core impervious body, owing to substantially can use without clay near the dam site of River Valley Region, Southwest Mountainous Areas, and the cost transporting outward clay is too high; Fetch earth in a large number simultaneously and also can occupy cultivated land and destroy ecological environment; And southwest is longer for general rainy season, large on the impact of earth core filling construction, thus cause long in time limit, construction costs increases; In addition, easily there is arching because relative enrockment dam shell modulus is less in earth core, causes core-wall that hydraulic fracture easily occurs after retaining and destroy.For pitch seepage prevention of core wall body, hydraulic fracture can be produced equally because of arching and destroy problem, and bituminous concrete all cannot be constructed in rainy season and winter low temperature period, also can larger prolongation construction period and increase construction costs.Relative to core wall rockfill dam, it is simple that rock has structural shape, and upstream and downstream dam slope is steeper, and dam body section is little, and the side of filling amount is little, and the construction period is short in the advantage such as cost is low.But rock is generally build on basement rock or more shallow covering layer, and on deep covering layer the dam foundation and dam body settlement and relative settlement larger, the steel concrete panel of rigidity easily occurs coming to nothing and problems of crack owing to adapting to moderate finite deformation, in addition, face dam is owing to adapting to dam deformation, and its anti-seismic performance is also poor.
Flexible geo-membrane impervious body loose rock dam antiseepage problem on reply deeply covered layer of rising in recent years has unique advantage.Relative to traditional loose rock dam impervious body pattern, enrockment dam facing geomembrane anti-seepage body have barrier performance good, adapt to the advantages such as the dam foundation and dam deformation ability are strong, the convenient and cost of constructing is low.
Before making the present invention, the case of existing application of civil engineering loose rock dam antiseepage on deeply covered layer, such as, benevolence ancestor sea loose rock dam have employed geomembrane anti-seepage, this dam dam foundation covering layer reaches 148m the most deeply, but dam body is the highest only has 56m, belongs to middle weir, upstream and downstream dam slope is also more slow, and slope ratio is respectively 1:1.8 and 1:2.0.The geomembrane anti-seepage body that this dam uses forms primarily of the precast concrete buckle topping that non-fine concrete bed course, composite geo-membrane and 12cm that bottom 6cm is thick are thick.There is following two problems in the geomembrane anti-seepage body adopted in this dam: one be non-fine concrete bed course is fragile material on deeply covered layer during high loose rock dam, modulus is higher, and anti-bending strength is poor, if the dam foundation and dam body produce larger differential settlement, dam facing will produce comparatively Large deflection, the non-fine concrete bed course of fragility cannot adapt to dam facing deflection deformation and produce even changing of the relative positions destruction of ftractureing, and then jeopardize the safety of geomembrane under effect of water pressure; Two be this impervious body topping adopt be precast concrete buckle, can use in the comparatively slow situation of dam slope, but as dam slope comparatively steep (slope ratio >=1:1.5), interface shearing strength between topping and composite geo-membrane cannot meet stability against sliding requirement, especially produce comparatively after Large deflection at dam facing, more easily will there is unstable failure in concrete buckle, and then threaten the safety of geomembrane; And if the design of loose rock dam dam slope is more slow, for high dam, dam body section will increase, dam embankment side's amount increases, thus causes the economy advantage of loose rock dam to give full play to.So this traditional dam facing geomembrane anti-seepage body cannot be applied on the steeper high loose rock dam of dam slope on the deeply covered layer dam foundation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that above-mentioned existing loose rock dam impervious body effectively can not solve high enrockment antiseepage problem on deeply covered layer, high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body and construction method thereof on a kind of deeply covered layer are proposed, this impervious body can adapt to moderate finite deformation that the steeper high enrockment dam body of dam slope on deeply covered layer produces and differential deformation, and structural shape is simple, constructs convenient.
Another object of the present invention is to the construction method providing described facial mask impervious body to apply in Practical Project.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
High loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on a kind of deeply covered layer, its technical characteristics is: facial mask impervious body is made up of concrete cover, geomembrane anti-seepage layer, flexible cushion and transition zone.Concrete cover is the cast-in-place fibrous concrete layer of reserved transverse joint and perps, is positioned at top layer to protect geomembrane; Geomembrane anti-seepage layer is two cloth one film composite geo-membranes, is positioned at centre and plays antiseepage effect; Flexible cushion is polyurethane pervious concrete layer, is positioned at impervious body bottom support geomembrane and transmits disperse water load; Coarse Aggregate transition zone is set between flexible cushion and enrockment dam body.
Described cast-in-place fibrous concrete layer adopts polypropylene fibre and cement concrete mix and blend after-pouring to form, by the fiber and steel bar reinforced flexural strength and the toughness that improve portland cement concrete.
Described polypropylene fiber concrete layer, its coarse aggregate preferable particle size is 5 ~ 20mm, and preferred thickness is 25 ~ 35cm, and topping reserves perps and transverse joint, clogs pitch batten and close in seam, and preset slot parting preferred distance is 10 ~ 15m, and stitching wide is 1 ~ 2cm.
Described polyurethane pervious concrete flexible cushion, adopts BASF
polyurethane adhesive forms than mixing after-pouring according to certain mass gelatine with rubble, and colloid is wrapped in rubble surface uniformly, utilizes the adhesion stress of colloid self by the cellular resilient unitary of bonding for loose rubble one-tenth.Flexible cushion good water permeability, resistance to compression flexural strength is high, and modulus of elasticity is low, has higher toughness, can adapt to the distortion of the dam foundation and dam body, and the Discontinuous Deformations such as the cracking changing of the relative positions can not occur under larger flexure situation occurs dam facing.
Described polyurethane pervious concrete bed course, its preferred thickness is 6 ~ 10cm, and polyurethane adhesive and crushed stone aggregate quality proportioning are 1.4:100 ~ 1.6:100, and aggregate is the rubble of 6 ~ 20mm continuous grading.
Described composite geo-membrane, adopts the sandwiched type structure of two cloth one films, and centre is the PVC light film that 0.5 ~ 1.5mm is thick, and both sides are 500 ~ 1200g/m
2acupuncture long filament geotextile, trilaminate material in factory by hot compound or film process combining integrally impervious barrier.
Described transition zone is arranged between dam body enrockment and flexible cushion, and preferred thickness is 2 ~ 3m, and particle diameter will match with the flexible cushion aggregate size size on the dam body enrockment of bottom and top, meet permeable and anti-filter requirement.
The invention still further relates to the construction method of high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on described deeply covered layer, comprise the following steps:
(1) enrockment dam body and transition zone is filled;
(2) enrockment dam body and transition zone fill to crest elevation, revise domatic the peeling of transition zone and roll process, make transition zone surface reach design line of slope position;
(3), after completing transition zone slope surface treatment, polyurethane pervious concrete flexible cushion is built from toe to dam crest along domatic, maintenance 2 ~ 3 days;
(4), after bed course maintenance terminates, from dam crest to toe along the domatic laying composite geo-membrane of bed course, and seam welds and welding quality inspection is carried out;
(5) after composite geo-membrane is laid; polypropylene fiber concrete topping is built from toe to dam crest on composite earth geomembrane surface; and reserve perps and transverse joint by design attitude; after concrete cover maintenance to design strength, in reserved perps and transverse joint, clog pitch batten close.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are that bed course have employed toughness good polyurethane pervious concrete layer, topping have employed anti-bending strength and toughness better and the polypropylene fiber concrete layer of reserved perps and transverse joint, the two composite anti-penetrating body formed together with the geomembrane of flexibility has stronger distortion adaptive capacity, when the dam facing deflection deformation that the deeply covered layer dam foundation and dam body cause because of larger sedimentation, crack and the changing of the relative positions can not be there is in bed course, and topping is by reserved perps, Heng Feng and the toughness of self can absorb distortion and obvious crack not occur, so, topping and bed course all can occur compared with playing the effect protecting geomembrane during Large deflection at dam facing.
Polyurethane pervious concrete bed course of the present invention is cast in transition zone surface in cast-in-place mode, can bond together before final set with the rubble on transition zone top layer, thus maintains the stability of bed course self;
Polyurethane cushion surface of the present invention is cellular rough, and the interface between the long filament acupuncture geotextile of the composite geo-membrane layer on upper strata has higher friction factor, enables composite geotechnical impervious membrane maintain self stability;
Fibrous concrete topping of the present invention is cast-in-place at composite geo-membrane top layer long filament acupuncture geotextile on the surface, before concrete setting, cement paste can penetrate in the middle of the fluffy long filament geotextile of composite film surface, good bonding plane will be formed with composite membrane after solidifying, can not owing to there is sliding deformation and unstable failure between topping and composite geo-membrane in dam deformation process;
Structural shape of the present invention is simpler, construct convenient, especially polyurethane pervious concrete bed course only needs static(al) to roll, and curing time only have within 1 ~ 2 day, just can reach more than 80% of final strength, relatively traditional cement non-fine concrete bed course, does not need to vibrate, construction sequence is simpler, curing time, foreshortened to 1 ~ 2 day from 28 days, greatly can shorten the construction period of whole engineering, thus reduced construction costs.
Material of the present invention is all the material of extensive use in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, and construction sequence is comparatively simple, adopt technique to be existing mature technology, and the duration can shorten greatly, and cost is low, is a kind of loose rock dam impervious body of very economical practicality.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Protection scope of the present invention is not limited with detailed description of the invention, but is limited by claim.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 facial mask impervious body of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 facial mask impervious body of the present invention topping perps and transverse joint arrange schematic diagram;
A position partial enlarged drawing in Fig. 3 Fig. 1.
In figure: 1, concrete cover, 2, geomembrane anti-seepage layer, 3, flexible cushion, 4, transition zone, 5, transverse joint, 6, perps, 7, pitch batten, 8, PVC light film, 9, acupuncture long filament geotextile.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, on a kind of deeply covered layer, high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body, is made up of concrete cover 1, geomembrane anti-seepage layer 2, flexible cushion 3 and transition zone 4.Topping 1 is the cast-in-place fibrous concrete layer of reserved transverse joint 5 and perps 6, and thickness is 25 ~ 35cm, and perps and transverse joint divide kerf spacing to be 10 ~ 15m, and stitching wide is 1 ~ 2cm, filling pitch batten 7 in seam; Geomembrane anti-seepage layer 2 is employing two cloth one membrane type composite geo-membrane, and centre is the PVC light film 8 that 0.5 ~ 1.5mm is thick, and both sides are 500 ~ 1200g/m
2acupuncture long filament geotextile 9; The flexible cushion 3 of bottom is for adopting BASF
polyurethane adhesive and rubble mixing after-pouring, thickness is 6 ~ 10cm; Between flexible cushion 3 and enrockment dam body, arrange Coarse Aggregate transition zone 4, thickness is 2 ~ 3m.
The construction method of high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on described deeply covered layer, comprises the following steps:
(1) fill enrockment dam body and transition zone 4, in reduced graph, enrockment dam body does not mark, transition zone 4 and dam body enrockment put down and have been constructed, employing stage filling, full-section Construction, the dam filling construction of use and rolling compaction machine identical with conventional panels loose rock dam;
(2) enrockment dam body and transition zone 4 fill to crest elevation, revise domatic the peeling of transition zone 4 and roll process, make transition zone 4 surface reach design line of slope position;
(3), after completing transition zone 4 slope surface treatment, line of slope is designed from toe to dam crest along domatic polyurethane pervious concrete of building to flexible cushion 3, after using hoist engine to coordinate drum roller to carry out static(al) roller-compaction, maintenance 1 ~ 2 day;
(4), after flexible cushion 3 maintenance terminates, form geomembrane anti-seepage layer 2 from dam crest to toe along the domatic laying composite geo-membrane of bed course, and carry out seam welds and welding quality inspection;
(5) after geomembrane anti-seepage layer 2 is laid; polypropylene fiber concrete topping 1 is built from toe to dam crest on geomembrane anti-seepage layer 2 surface; and reserve transverse joint 5 and perps 6 by design attitude; after concrete cover 1 maintenance to design strength, in reserved transverse joint 5 and perps 6, clog pitch batten 7 close.
Claims (4)
1. high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on a deeply covered layer, it is characterized in that: facial mask impervious body is made up of concrete cover, geomembrane anti-seepage layer, flexible cushion and transition zone, concrete cover is the cast-in-place fibrous concrete layer of reserved transverse joint and perps, is positioned at top layer to protect geomembrane; Geomembrane anti-seepage layer is two cloth one film composite geo-membranes, is positioned at centre and plays antiseepage effect; Flexible cushion is polyurethane pervious concrete layer, is positioned at impervious body bottom support geomembrane and transmits disperse water load; Coarse Aggregate transition zone is set between flexible cushion and enrockment dam body;
Described cast-in-place fibrous concrete layer adopts polypropylene fibre and cement concrete mix and blend after-pouring to form, and polypropylene fiber concrete topping preferred thickness is 25 ~ 35cm, and coarse aggregate preferable particle size is 5 ~ 20mm;
Described flexible cushion adopts polyurethane pervious concrete to build and forms, and its preferred thickness is 6 ~ 10cm, adopts BASF
polyurethane adhesive forms with rubble mixing after-pouring, and its polyurethane adhesive and crushed stone aggregate quality proportioning are 1.4:100 ~ 1.6:100, and aggregate size is the rubble of 6 ~ 20mm continuous grading.
2. high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on deeply covered layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described topping perps and transverse joint preferably divide kerf spacing to be 10 ~ 15m, and stitching wide is 1 ~ 2cm.
3. high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on deeply covered layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described geomembrane anti-seepage layer is employing two cloth one membrane type composite geo-membrane, and centre is the PVC light film that 0.5 ~ 1.5mm is thick, and both sides are 500 ~ 1200g/m
2acupuncture long filament geotextile.
4. the construction method of high loose rock dam facial mask impervious body on deeply covered layer according to claim 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) enrockment dam body and transition zone is filled;
(2) enrockment dam body and transition zone fill to crest elevation, revise domatic the peeling of transition zone and roll process, make transition zone surface reach design line of slope position;
(3), after completing transition zone slope surface treatment, polyurethane pervious concrete flexible cushion is built from toe to dam crest along domatic, maintenance 2 ~ 3 days;
(4), after flexible cushion maintenance terminates, form geomembrane anti-seepage layer from dam crest to toe along the domatic laying composite geo-membrane of bed course, and carry out seam welds and welding quality inspection;
(5) after geomembrane anti-seepage layer is laid; polypropylene fiber concrete topping is built from toe to dam crest on geomembrane anti-seepage layer surface; and reserve perps and transverse joint by design attitude; after concrete cover maintenance to design strength, in reserved perps and transverse joint, clog pitch batten close.
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| CN201310592978.7A CN103643656B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | High rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body on deep coverage layer and construction method of high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body |
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| CN201310592978.7A CN103643656B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | High rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body on deep coverage layer and construction method of high rock-fill dam membrane anti-seepage body |
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