CN108314418A - 一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺 - Google Patents

一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺 Download PDF

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CN108314418A
CN108314418A CN201810171803.1A CN201810171803A CN108314418A CN 108314418 A CN108314418 A CN 108314418A CN 201810171803 A CN201810171803 A CN 201810171803A CN 108314418 A CN108314418 A CN 108314418A
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王耀斌
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Abstract

本发明属于陶瓷烧制技术领域,具体公开了一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,配泥成分包含水云母、石英、长石、蒙脱石及高岭土,在制备坯泥时,向其中添加了蜂蜜液体,使得所得坯体在高温烧制过程中,出现坍塌及裂纹的概率减小,也改善了坯泥的黏度及可塑性,提高了陶瓷的成品率。

Description

一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷烧制技术领域,具体涉及一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺。
背景技术
陶瓷的发展史是中华文明史的一个重要组成部分,中国作为四大文明古国之一,为人类社会的进步和发展做出了卓越的贡献,其中陶瓷的发明和发展更具有独特的意义,中国历史上各朝各代有着不同艺术风格和不同技术特点。在中国,制陶技艺的产生可追溯到纪元前4500年至前2500年的时代,可以说,汉族发展史中的一个重要组成部分是陶瓷发展史,汉族劳动人民在科学技术上的成果以及对美的追求与塑造,在许多方面都是通过陶瓷制作来体现的,并形成各时代非常典型的技术与艺术特征。
陶瓷的烧制步骤主要包括原料加工(包括配泥和配釉),泥皮塑制,赋釉及煅烧。目前,陶瓷的烧制工艺主要存在的问题是坯体在烧制过程中容易出现坍塌致使陶瓷成品与预设形状不符,所制备的陶瓷容易出现裂纹,导致陶瓷成品率较低。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种可提高坯泥黏度及可塑性,坯体在烧制过程不易坍塌,所得陶瓷出现裂纹概率极小,可提高陶瓷成品率的含有蜂蜜的陶瓷制备工艺。
为达到以上目的,本发明技术方案如下:
一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
(1)配泥:包含以下成分:水云母、石英、长石、蒙脱石及高岭土;
(2)原料加工:将步骤(1)所述成分混合,粉碎磨粉,过325目筛,得混合黏土粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合黏土粉末与水按1g:15mL的比例混合,搅拌均匀,加热,加热温度45~60℃,控制含水率在25~32%之间,得坯泥;
(4)按重量比为1:(30~40)的比例,将蜂蜜液体加入步骤(3)所述坯泥中,搅拌均匀,得烧制陶瓷所需坯泥;
(5)将步骤(4)所得坯泥进行塑型,制备为各种器型,自然条件下晾干,得待烧制坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为950~1100℃,烧焙时间为9~11h,冷却后,取出,得所需陶器;
(7)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为1200~1350℃,烧焙时间为10~12h,冷却后,取出,得所需瓷器。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中的成分按以下重量份称取:水云母25~40份,石英15~23份,长石32~43份,蒙脱石16~33份,高岭土35~50份。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中的成分按以下重量份称取:水云母34份,石英20份,长石38份,蒙脱石28份,高岭土43份。
优选地,所述步骤(4)中的蜂蜜液体是通过以下方法制备而成:蜂蜜加水稀释,控制含水率在25~30%,搅拌加热,加热温度40~55℃,加热时间1.5~2h,过140目筛,得蜂蜜液体。
优选地,所述步骤(4)中,坯泥按现有技术进行塑型,制备为各种器型。
优选地,所述步骤(6)和步骤(7)中,在窑中温度低于1000℃时,向窑气氛中通入氧气和氮气的混合蒸汽,加入量为窑气氛总体积的20~70%,其中,氧气和氮气按2:1的体积比混合。
优选地,对所述步骤(5)中的待烧制坯体先进行彩绘,再通过步骤(6)进行烧焙,可制备为彩陶。
本发明的有益效果为:本发明在制备烧制陶瓷所需的坯泥中,添加了蜂蜜液体,使得所得坯体在高温烧制过程中,出现坍塌及裂纹的概率减小,也改善了坯泥的黏度及可塑性,提高了陶瓷的成品率。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例,进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1
一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,包含以下步骤:
(1)配泥:按重量份分别称取:水云母25份,石英15份,长石32份,蒙脱石16份,高岭土35份;
(2)原料加工:将步骤(1)所述成分混合,粉碎磨粉,过325目筛,得混合黏土粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合黏土粉末与水按1g:15mL的比例混合,搅拌均匀,加热,加热温度45℃,控制含水率在25~32%之间,得坯泥;
(4)按重量比为1: 30的比例,将蜂蜜液体加入步骤(3)所述坯泥中,搅拌均匀,得烧制陶瓷所需坯泥,其中,蜂蜜液体是通过以下方法制备而成:蜂蜜加水稀释,控制含水率在25~30%,搅拌加热,加热温度40℃,加热时间2h,过140目筛,得蜂蜜液体;
(5)按现有技术将步骤(4)所得坯泥进行塑型,制备为杯子器型,自然条件下晾干,得待烧制坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为1200~1350℃,在窑中温度低于1000℃时,向窑气氛中通入氧气和氮气的混合蒸汽,加入量为窑气氛总体积的20%,其中,氧气和氮气按2:1的体积比混合,烧焙时间为12h,冷却后,取出,得成品杯子器型。
实施例2
一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,包含以下步骤:
(1)配泥:按重量份分别称取:水云母40份,石英23份,长石43份,蒙脱石33份,高岭土50份;
(2)原料加工:将步骤(1)所述成分混合,粉碎磨粉,过325目筛,得混合黏土粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合黏土粉末与水按1g:15mL的比例混合,搅拌均匀,加热,加热温度50℃,控制含水率在25~32%之间,得坯泥;
(4)按重量比为1: 40的比例,将蜂蜜液体加入步骤(3)所述坯泥中,搅拌均匀,得烧制陶瓷所需坯泥,其中,蜂蜜液体是通过以下方法制备而成:蜂蜜加水稀释,控制含水率在25~30%,搅拌加热,加热温度55℃,加热时间1.5h,过140目筛,得蜂蜜液体;
(5)按现有技术将步骤(4)所得坯泥进行塑型,制备为碟子器型,自然条件下晾干,得待烧制坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为950~1100℃,在窑中温度低于1000℃时,向窑气氛中通入氧气和氮气的混合蒸汽,加入量为窑气氛总体积的70%,其中,氧气和氮气按2:1的体积比混合,烧焙时间为9h,冷却后,取出,得成品碟子器型。
实施例3
一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,包含以下步骤:
(1)配泥:按重量份分别称取:水云母34份,石英20份,长石38份,蒙脱石28份,高岭土43份;
(2)原料加工:将步骤(1)所述成分混合,粉碎磨粉,过325目筛,得混合黏土粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合黏土粉末与水按1g:15mL的比例混合,搅拌均匀,加热,加热温度60℃,控制含水率在25~32%之间,得坯泥;
(4)按重量比为1:(30~40)的比例,将蜂蜜液体加入步骤(3)所述坯泥中,搅拌均匀,得烧制陶瓷所需坯泥,其中,蜂蜜液体是通过以下方法制备而成:蜂蜜加水稀释,控制含水率在25~30%,搅拌加热,加热温度50℃,加热时间2h,过140目筛,得蜂蜜液体;
(5)按现有技术将步骤(4)所得坯泥进行塑型,制备为碗状器型,自然条件下晾干,得待烧制坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为1200~1350℃,在窑中温度低于1000℃时,向窑气氛中通入氧气和氮气的混合蒸汽,加入量为窑气氛总体积的50%,其中,氧气和氮气按2:1的体积比混合,烧焙时间为10h,冷却后,取出,得成品碗状器型。
1. 本发明所得陶瓷制品铅、镉溶出量检测
检测样品:样品1:碟子,样品烧制工艺为:同实施例1;
样品2:杯子,样品烧制工艺为:同实施例2;
检测方法,按GB/T 12651-2003执行,检测结果如表1所示:
由表中数据可知,按本发明实施例1及实施例2工艺烧制的碟子和杯子的铅、镉溶出率均小于溶出允许极限,符合卫生标准。
2. 本发明所得陶瓷的质量检测
样品1:杯子1号,烧制工艺同实施例1,烧制总数为500个;
样品2:杯子2号,坯泥中不添加蜂蜜液体,其余工艺参数同实施例1,烧制总数为500个;
样品2:杯子3号,根据现有的专利技术(申请号:201510000142.2)制备,烧制总数为500个;
检测项目为:杯体存在缺陷的杯子并统计数量,杯体内外有裂纹的杯子并统计数量及杯体透明度均匀度较差的杯子并统计数量,并计算成品率(%),结果如表2所示:
由表中检测结果可知,按本发明实施例1烧制工艺所得杯子的成品率明显高于其余两组的,因此,在制备烧制陶瓷所需坯泥时,添加蜂蜜,可提高坯泥的可塑性,减少在烧制过程坯体出现坍塌及裂纹的概率,提供陶瓷烧制的成品率。

Claims (5)

1.一种含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
(1)配泥:包含以下成分:水云母、石英、长石、蒙脱石及高岭土;
(2)原料加工:将步骤(1)所述成分混合,粉碎磨粉,过325目筛,得混合黏土粉末;
(3)将步骤(2)所得混合黏土粉末与水按1g:15mL的比例混合,搅拌均匀,加热,加热温度45~60℃,控制含水率在25~32%之间,得坯泥;
(4)按重量比为1:(30~40)的比例,将蜂蜜液体加入步骤(3)所述坯泥中,搅拌均匀,得烧制陶瓷所需坯泥;
(5)将步骤(4)所得坯泥进行塑型,制备为各种器型,自然条件下晾干,得待烧制坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为950~1100℃,烧焙时间为9~11h,冷却后,取出,得所需陶器;
(7)将步骤(5)所述待烧制坯体入窑烧焙,烧焙温度为1200~1350℃,烧焙时间为10~12h,冷却后,取出,得所需瓷器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中的成分按以下重量份称取:水云母25~40份,石英15~23份,长石32~43份,蒙脱石16~33份,高岭土35~50份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中的成分按以下重量份称取:水云母34份,石英20份,长石38份,蒙脱石28份,高岭土43份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)中的蜂蜜液体是通过以下方法制备而成:蜂蜜加水稀释,控制含水率在25~30%,搅拌加热,加热温度40~55℃,加热时间1.5~2h,过140目筛,得蜂蜜液体。
5.根据权利要求4所述的含有蜂蜜的陶瓷烧制工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(6)和步骤(7)中,在窑中温度低于1000℃时,向窑气氛中通入氧气和氮气的混合蒸汽,加入量为窑气氛总体积的20~70%,其中,氧气和氮气按2:1的体积比混合。
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