CN108311155A - 一种催化制备治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体的方法 - Google Patents
一种催化制备治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108311155A CN108311155A CN201810454766.5A CN201810454766A CN108311155A CN 108311155 A CN108311155 A CN 108311155A CN 201810454766 A CN201810454766 A CN 201810454766A CN 108311155 A CN108311155 A CN 108311155A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种催化制备治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体的方法。本发明以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O为Ce源和Ni源,制备出Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物,以Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)2·9H2O为镁源和铝源制备出镁铝水滑石,在共沉淀法制备镁铝水滑石时将Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物作为活性组分原位负载到形成的镁铝水滑石表面和/或层状空腔内。制备出的水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物可用于催化2‑氰基‑3‑三氟甲基‑5‑硝基吡啶生成治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体2‑氰基‑3‑三氟甲基‑5‑氨基吡啶。本发明催化体系收率高,目标产物选择性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新药研发技术领域,具体涉及一种催化制备治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体的方法。
背景技术
阿帕鲁胺(apalutamide)是由美国强生公司开发的新一代雄激素受体抑制剂,用于去势抵抗性前列腺癌的治疗,目前处于Ⅲ期临床研究阶段。强生公司已于2017年10月向美国FDA提交本品用于治疗男性非转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌的新药申请。
阿帕鲁胺化学名为4-[7-(6-氰基-5-三氟甲基吡啶-3-基)-8-氧代-6-硫代-5,7-二氮杂螺[3.4]辛-5-基]-2-氟-N-甲基苯甲酰胺,CAS号为956104-40-8,分子量为477.43,其结构式如(1)式所示:
2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶是合成阿帕鲁胺的关键中间体,其结构式如(2)式所示:
2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶是由其对应的硝基物进行还原所得,反应式如Scheme1所示:
EP 2656842 A2中采用Fe/AcOH还原体系,在加热条件下反应15h,然后通过色谱分离得到了91%的收率;该专利中还指出可以采用雷尼镍在常压加氢反应,但是雷尼镍粉体化学活性较高,暴露。
上海医药工业研究院魏德康等人对EP 2656842 A2中Fe/AcOH还原体系进行了放大研究(中国医药工业杂志,2018,49(4):440-444,阿帕鲁胺的合成工艺改进),虽然采用石油醚/乙酸乙酯重结晶代替了色谱分离简化了后处理步骤,但放大后收率仅为55%左右,而且需要严格控制醋酸的滴加速度避免反应体系爆沸,增加了放大中的操作难度;并且产生大量含铁废水,严重污染环境。
若是采用传统Pd/C催化加氢还原体系,则底物中的氰基会出现不同程度的还原;所以开发一种适合工业化放大生产,并能够取得较高收率的催化体系来制备2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种高收率、适合工业化生产的催化方法制备治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶的方法。
根据本发明的一个方面,本发明提供了一种水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O为Ce源和Ni源,制备出Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物;以Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)2·9H2O为镁源和铝源制备出镁铝水滑石;在制备镁铝水滑石时添加Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物作为活性组分,生成水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物。
根据本发明所述的水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备方法,其具体步骤如下:
(A)Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备:
(A-1)将Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O加入到水中,升温至40-45℃使用浆式搅拌器搅拌溶解得金属盐混合液;Ce(NO3)3·6H2O与Ni(NO3)2·6H2O的摩尔比为1:3-5;
(A-2)向金属盐混合液中滴加碱性混合液,维持pH在10.5-11.0之间生成固体颗粒;pH稳定后升温至60-70℃下保温搅拌2-3天;所述碱性混合液为0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠和0.3mol/L的碳酸钠的混合水溶液;
(A-3)降温至室温后过滤,去离子水洗涤滤饼,然后在70-80℃下真空干燥至恒重得复合金属氧化物前体;
(A-4)将复合金属氧化物前体在空气氛围下于300-600℃下高温煅烧得Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物;
(B)共沉淀法制备水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物
(B-1)取30mmol Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、10mmol Al(NO3)2·9H2O和0.1g油酸加入到200ml甲醇中超声溶解得镁铝盐混合液;为了使后续Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物能够均匀负载在原位形成的镁铝水滑石上,采用油酸使其扩散,使其分布更加均匀;
(B-2)向镁铝盐混合液中加入Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物超声分散均匀,然后滴加0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液100ml;
(B-3)0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液滴加结束后,升温至回流,搅拌晶化16-18h;
(B-4)降温至室温,过滤,滤饼水洗至滤液成中性,收集滤饼在60-70℃下干燥至恒重,然后在氮气氛围下煅烧30-60min得水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物。
优选的,步骤(A-4)中将复合金属氧化物前体在空气氛围下于400-450℃下高温煅烧。
优选的,步骤(B-2)中Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物加入量为0.5-1.0g;在此步通过调节Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的加入量从而调节活性组分在镁铝水滑石上的负载量,起到控制反应活性的作用。
优选的,步骤(B-4)中所述在氮气氛围下煅烧是指在100-200℃下煅烧;煅烧温度过高会使镁铝水滑石由层状双金属氢氧化物结构发生改变(由氢氧化物转变为氧化物形式),从而影响其催化活性;煅烧温度过低起不到最终活化的目的,煅烧温度过高,其催化活性反而成下降趋势。
根据本发明的另一个方面,本发明提供了一种水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的用途,在溶剂和氢供体的参与下,催化2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶生成治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶;反应方程式如Scheme1所示:
优选的,所述氢供体为水合肼、异丙醇或甲酸铵;进一步优选为异丙醇,异丙醇相对于其它氢供体属于环境友好型,且可同时作为溶剂和氢供体使用,简化反应体系;
优选的,所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃或异丙醇;
优选的,所述水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的加入量为2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶重量的0.05-0.4。
本发明以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O为Ce源和Ni源,制备出Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物,以Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)2·9H2O为镁源和铝源制备出镁铝水滑石,在共沉淀法制备镁铝水滑石时将Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物作为活性组分原位负载到形成的镁铝水滑石表面和/或层状空腔内。制备出的水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物可用于催化2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶生成治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点:
1)本发明制备了一种水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物,在镁铝水滑石共沉积的制备过程中原位将活性组分原位负载到形成的镁铝水滑石表面和/或层状空腔内;
2)本发明制备的水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物可用于催化2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶选择性还原制备2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶,选择性和转化率高,克服了传统Fe/AcOH还原体系不宜放大生产,环境污染大的缺点;而且较Pd/C催化体系选择性好,未出现氰基还原副产物;
3)本发明催化体系反应时间短,可在8h内完成反应投料到纯化,节省了人力成本,提高了设备使用率;
4)本发明催化剂可回收套用,降低了生产成本。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明了,下面结合具体实施方式,对本发明进一步详细说明。应该理解,这些描述只是示例性的,而并非要限制本发明的范围。
HPLC检测方法:色谱柱Agilent C18(4.6mmX250mm,5μm);流动相A:0.02%V的磷酸水溶液,流动相B:乙腈;梯度洗脱(0→35min:A95%V→20%V;35→45min:A20%V;45→46min:A20%V→95%V;46→52min:A95%V);检测波长210nm,流速1ml/min,柱温30℃。
实施例中所用2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶参考现有技术(中国医药工业杂志,2018,49(4):440-444,阿帕鲁胺的合成工艺改进)中的教导自制,经硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱剂为石油醚/乙酸乙酯进行梯度洗脱)所得,HPLC纯度为99.98%(面积归一化法测量);其余试剂均为常规分析级试剂。
实施例1
制备水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物:
(A)Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备:
(A-1)将10mmol Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和40mmol Ni(NO3)2·6H2O加入到500ml水中,升温至40-45℃使用浆式搅拌器搅拌溶解得金属盐混合液;
(A-2)向金属盐混合液中滴加碱性混合液,维持pH在10.5-11.0之间生成固体颗粒;pH稳定后升温至60-70℃下保温搅拌2-3天;所述碱性混合液为0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠和0.3mol/L的碳酸钠的混合水溶液;
(A-3)降温至室温后过滤,去离子水洗涤滤饼,然后在70-80℃下真空干燥至恒重得复合金属氧化物前体;
(A-4)将复合金属氧化物前体在空气氛围下于400-450℃下高温煅烧得Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物;
(B)共沉淀法制备水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物
(B-1)取30mmol Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、10mmol Al(NO3)2·9H2O和0.1g油酸加入到200ml甲醇中超声溶解得镁铝盐混合液;
(B-2)向镁铝盐混合液中加入0.5-1.0gNi/Ce复合金属氧化物超声分散均匀,然后滴加0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液100ml;
(B-3)0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液滴加结束后,升温至回流,搅拌晶化16-18h;
(B-4)降温至室温,过滤,滤饼水洗至滤液成中性,收集滤饼在60-70℃下干燥至恒重,然后在氮气氛围下于100-400℃下煅烧30-60min得水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物。
对于(B-4)在不同温度段下煅烧制备的水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物定义为Cat/X,X代表对应的煅烧温度。
采用Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物(简写为Ni/Ce-O)和Cat/X作为催化剂对2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶进行还原,还原方法如下:
平行合成仪中加入底物2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶(10mmol,2.17g)、0.5g催化剂、15ml异丙醇于50-60℃下磁力搅拌反应,每隔1h取反应液进行HPLC检测,统计各催化剂的催化效果(反应时间、底物2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶的转化率及其目标产物的选择性),见表1所示:
表1 不同催化剂的催化效果
序列 | 催化剂 | 反应时间/h | 转化率/% | 选择性/% |
1 | Ni/Ce-O | 18 | 56.3 | 99.6 |
2 | Cat/70 | 5 | 63.5 | 99.5 |
3 | Cat/100 | 4 | 99.5 | 99.4 |
4 | Cat/200 | 4 | 100 | 99.3 |
5 | Cat/300 | 4 | 99.9 | 91.5 |
6 | Cat/400 | 4 | 100 | 90.6 |
7 | Ni/Ce-O(NaOH) | 7 | 76.2 | 97.2 |
注:Ni/Ce-O(NaOH)代表Ni/Ce-O中额外加入了NaOH,Ni/Ce-O重量仍为0.5g,NaOH的加入量为0.5g。
以上结果表明采用镁铝水滑石对Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物(简写为Ni/Ce-O)进行负载后提高了其达到反应平衡的时间(由18h缩短到5h以内),镁铝水滑石具有丰富的碱中心和孔道结构,以及较大的比表面积,是一种性能优良的固体碱催化剂和催化剂载体;由于镁铝水滑石含有大量的碱性位点,可以吸附异丙醇,加快异丙醇上的氢以氢负离子形式转移到硝基上,从而起到了加快反应的作用;SYNTHETICCOMMUNICATIONS,2003,33(5):843–849报道了ZrO2–NiO中添加无机碱(KOH/NaOH)促进催化活性与本发明中镁铝水滑石起到了类似的作用。
但本发明水滑石不仅起到了传统无机碱的作用,而且起到了催化剂载体的作用,具有特殊测层状结构;所以序列3和4比序列7的反应转化率要高很多。
另外,试验证实在(B-4)工序中煅烧温度对最终的催化剂性能也起到了重要作用,若不进行煅烧则催化剂活性得不到活化,若是煅烧温度过高则其催化反应选择性降低,可能是由于煅烧温度过高则镁铝水滑石逐步由其氢氧化物转变为氧化物形式,从而改变了活性组分与载体的作用形式,影响到最终的催化活性。
实施例2
以实施例1中Cat/200为催化剂,对催化剂的用量、氢供体种类、溶剂进行了进一步优化,优化工艺如下:
底物2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶(10mmol,2.17g)、催化剂Cat/200(底物重量的0.05-0.4倍)、20ml溶剂和氢供体60mmol在50-60℃下磁力搅拌反应,每隔1h取反应液进行HPLC检测,统计体系的反应效果(反应时间、底物2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶的转化率及其目标产物的选择性),见表2所示:
表2 硝基还原反应优化
注:a,Cat/200用量是指Cat/200的加入量为底物加入量的倍数;b中选择性低是由于含有一些硝基还原成氨基的过渡态,如羟胺、偶氮化合物,采用LC-MS验证未检测到氰基还原的副产物;“NA”是指为未加入氢供体,即以异丙醇做溶剂和氢供体。
以上结果表明催化剂Cat/200用量在底物重量的0.2-0.3倍最优,用量过少存在部分未完全反应的中间过渡态副产,用量过多会增加生产成本;氢供体可以选择异丙醇、甲酸铵或水合肼,甲酸作为氢供体原料转化率低,可能是由于甲酸与镁铝水滑石上的碱性位点作用力过强,导致无法使甲酸中的活性氢无法释放出来;氢供体选择异丙醇最好,一方面能够起到氢供体的作用,另一方面能够起到溶剂的作用,简化了反应体系。
实施例3
在确定了反应体系后对该催化体系进行了百克级别的放大研究,步骤如下:
S1:向带有桨式搅拌器的5L双层玻璃反应釜中加入2.5L异丙醇,氮气保护下加入2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶(217g,1mol)、催化剂Cat/200(43.4g,20%wt);
S2:开启搅拌控制转速为200rpm,然后以2℃/min的升温速率升温至50-60℃,当温度达到55℃时保温计时反应;
S3:计时反应2h后取反应液进行HPLC检测(结果:转化率为89.2%,选择性为92.3%),继续保温反应1h取反应液进行HPLC检测(转化率为99.8%,选择性为96.3%);
S4:自然降温至室温,然后过滤去除催化剂Cat/200得反应母液;
S5:将反应母液转移至析晶反应釜中,升温至40-45℃,采用蠕动泵向析晶反应釜中滴加正庚烷,当体系变浑浊时停止滴加正庚烷,保温养晶30-60min;
S6:继续在40-45℃滴加正庚烷,滴加过程中不断析出白色固体,至HPLC检测溶液中2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶不再减少时停止滴加,自然降温至室温保温搅拌20-30min;
S7:析晶反应釜升温至50-60℃下保温搅拌30-60min,然后以2℃/min的降温速率降温至10-20℃,保温搅拌20-30min,采用布氏漏斗过滤、收集滤饼于45-50℃下真空干燥至恒重得169.4g白色固体,收率为90.6%,HPLC纯度为99.85%(面积归一化法)。
实施例4
将实施例3过滤的催化剂Cat/200采用乙醇超声洗涤后晾干,考察催化剂套用情况,采用实施例3的反应条件将晾干的催化剂进行套用(底物2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶为10mmol,其余试剂按照实施例3中条件同比例添加),考察其套用的催化活性(仅检测其反应结束后的反应液情况,然后过滤分离出催化剂Cat/200,对滤液不进行处理),结果见表3所示:
表3 催化剂回收套用次数对应的催化效果
套用次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
转化率/% | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.4 | 99.0 | 99.1 |
选择性/% | 99.6 | 99.6 | 99.5 | 99.6 | 99.6 |
回收套用后的催化剂,其催化活性循环套用5次后基本没有明显下降,所以后期生产放大过程中可以进行回收套用,降低生产成本。
实施例5
为了验证本发明催化剂对其它底物的催化效果,本发明以新鲜制备的Cat/200为催化剂(用量为底物重量的30%wt),以异丙醇为氢供体和溶剂(加入量为每克底物加入异丙醇5ml)在40-70℃下反应(最初以40℃反应,LC-MS检测1h后底物无反应发生则升温到50℃,50℃反应1h考察其是否发生反应,直至升温至70℃),分别催化不同底物(各10mmol),不同底物的反应效果如表4所示:
表4 不同底物的催化效果
以上结果表明,对于同时含有硝基、氰基和卤素取代的吡啶衍生物,本发明催化剂对硝基的选择性高;但是对于含有溴取代的吡啶存在大量脱溴产物,但是含氯取代的不存在脱氯副产,与底物的电子效应有关。
尽管已经详细描述了本发明的实施方式,但是应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明的实施方式做出各种改变、替换和变更。
Claims (10)
1.一种水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
以Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O为Ce源和Ni源,制备出Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物;
以Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Al(NO3)2·9H2O为镁源和铝源制备出镁铝水滑石;在制备镁铝水滑石时添加Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物作为活性组分,生成水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括如下步骤:
(A)Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的制备
(A-1)将Ce(NO3)3·6H2O和Ni(NO3)2·6H2O加入到水中,升温至40-45℃使用浆式搅拌器搅拌溶解得金属盐混合液;Ce(NO3)3·6H2O与Ni(NO3)2·6H2O的摩尔比为1:3-5;
(A-2)向金属盐混合液中滴加碱性混合液,维持pH在10.5-11.0之间生成固体颗粒;pH稳定后升温至60-70℃下保温搅拌2-3天;所述碱性混合液为0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠和0.3mol/L的碳酸钠的混合水溶液;
(A-3)降温至室温后过滤,去离子水洗涤滤饼,然后在70-80℃下真空干燥至恒重得复合金属氧化物前体;
(A-4)将复合金属氧化物前体在空气氛围下于300-600℃下高温煅烧得Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物;
(B)共沉淀法制备水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物
(B-1)取30mmol Mg(NO3)2·6H2O、10mmol Al(NO3)2·9H2O和0.1g油酸加入到200ml甲醇中超声溶解得镁铝盐混合液;
(B-2)向镁铝盐混合液中加入Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物超声分散均匀,然后滴加0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液100ml;
(B-3)0.5mol/L的氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液滴加结束后,升温至回流,搅拌晶化16-18h;
(B-4)降温至室温,过滤,滤饼水洗至滤液成中性,收集滤饼在60-70℃下干燥至恒重,然后在氮气氛围下煅烧30-60min得水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(A-4)中将复合金属氧化物前体在空气氛围下于400-450℃下高温煅烧。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(B-2)中Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物加入量为0.5-1.0g。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(B-4)中所述在氮气氛围下于煅烧是指在100-200℃下煅烧。
6.一种权利要求1-5任一所述水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的用途,其特征在于:在溶剂和氢供体的参与下,催化2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶生成治疗前列腺癌症药物阿帕鲁胺中间体2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-氨基吡啶。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:所述氢供体为水合肼、异丙醇或甲酸铵。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其特征在于:所述氢供体为异丙醇。
9.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、四氢呋喃或异丙醇。
10.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:水滑石负载的Ni/Ce复合金属氧化物的加入量为2-氰基-3-三氟甲基-5-硝基吡啶重量的0.05-0.4。
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