CN108287421A - 透明显示装置 - Google Patents

透明显示装置 Download PDF

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CN108287421A
CN108287421A CN201711335768.4A CN201711335768A CN108287421A CN 108287421 A CN108287421 A CN 108287421A CN 201711335768 A CN201711335768 A CN 201711335768A CN 108287421 A CN108287421 A CN 108287421A
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liquid crystal
electrode
molecule
transparent display
crystal layer
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CN108287421B (zh
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林宗贤
李承璋
赵宏昌
林信安
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Sun Yat Sen University
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    • GPHYSICS
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Abstract

本发明公开一种透明显示装置,其包含:一第一液晶层,包含一第一电极、一第二电极、多个第一液晶分子及多个第一对掌性分子,所述第一液晶分子和所述第一对掌性分子设置于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间;以及一第二液晶层,设置于所述第一液晶层的一侧面,所述第二液晶层包含一第三电极、一第四电极、多个第二液晶分子、多个第二对掌性分子以及一二色性染料;其中所述第一液晶分子以及所述第二液晶分子都具有正的介电异向性,所述二色性染料的可见光吸收光谱介于400至780纳米之间。

Description

透明显示装置
技术领域
本发明是有关于一种透明显示装置,特别是关于一种利用双层胆固醇液晶,并具有高显示对比度的透明显示装置。
背景技术
现有的液晶透明显示器因为复杂的多层结构一般透明度都不够好。若以自发光式的有机发光二极管制作透明显示器,虽然可以保有高穿透率的特性,但是除了并无「暗态」造成低对比使得影像品质不佳之外,亦容易受到外在环境光源的影响而使影像失真,观看品质需要改善。
目前已有利用额外的遮蔽层来解决对比度的问题。例如中国专利公开号CN105242447中,公开了一种设置有遮蔽层的透明显示器,但其缺点在于,除了穿透率仅为33%,所述遮蔽层作用时呈现白色雾状,因此仍无法具有良好的影像显示品质。
故,有必要提供一种透明显示装置,可以具有高穿透率且提高显示对比度,以解决现有技术中所存在的问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种透明显示装置,其包含双层的胆固醇液晶层,一层用以显示影像,另一层则用以调整对比度,可在不同需求下各自切换为视觉上透明或不透明的组合方式。所述透明显示装置利用二色性染料掺杂于其中一层的胆固醇液晶中,使不透明的散射态(Focal conic)及吸收态(Planar)可呈现暗色(如黑色或灰黑色),可视需求来加强显示对比度。由于所述透明显示装置结构单纯,不需要额外设置背光模组及扩散膜等结构,其光穿透率可达到60%。
为达上述的目的,本发明的一实施例提供一种透明显示装置,其包含:一第一液晶层,包含一第一电极、一第二电极、多个第一液晶分子以及多个第一对掌性分子,所述第一液晶分子与所述第一对掌性分子设置于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间;以及一第二液晶层,设置于所述第一液晶层的一侧面,所述第二液晶层包含一第三电极、一第四电极、多个第二液晶分子、多个第二对掌性分子以及一二色性染料,所述第二液晶分子、所述第二对掌性分子与所述二色性染料设置于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间;其中所述第一液晶分子以及所述第二液晶分子都具有正的介电异向性,所述二色性染料的吸收光谱介于400至780纳米之间。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一对掌性分子与所述第二对掌性分子分别独立选自 所组成的一族群。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一液晶层具有一显示区,所述显示区用以显示一资讯影像。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一液晶分子呈现一反射态,使所述第一液晶层反射至少一部分的可见光,以显示所述资讯影像。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第二液晶层对应所述资讯影像呈现一遮蔽区块。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述遮蔽区块是黑色或暗灰色。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述遮蔽区块中,所述第二液晶分子呈现一吸收态或一散射态,以遮蔽从所述第二液晶层通过的一光源。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一电极与所述第二电极提供一第一电场,使所述第一液晶分子呈现一透明态、一反射态或一散射态。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第三电极与所述第四电极提供一第二电场,使所述第二液晶分子呈现一透明态、一吸收态或一散射态。
附图说明
图1:本发明一实施例的透明显示装置呈现透明亮态的示意图。
图2:本发明一实施例的透明显示装置的资讯影像与遮蔽区块的示意图。
图3A至3B:本发明一实施例的透明显示装置的显示模式示意图。
图4:本发明一实施例的透明显示装置的遮蔽模式示意图。
图5:本发明一实施例的透明显示装置的透明暗态示意图。
具体实施方式
为了让本发明的上述及其他目的、特征、优点能更明显易懂,下文将特举本发明较佳实施例,并配合所附图式,作详细说明如下。此外,本发明所提到的单数形式“一”、“一个”和“所述”包括数个引用,除非上下文另有明确规定。数值范围(如10%至11%的A)若无特定说明皆包含上、下限值(即10%≦A≦11%);数值范围若未界定下限值(如低于0.2%的B,或0.2%以下的B),则皆指其下限值可能为0(即0%≦B≦0.2%)。上述用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。
请参照图1,本发明一实施例提供一种透明显示装置100,主要包含一第一液晶层10以及一第二液晶层20。本发明利用所述第一液晶层10反射环境中的光源,作为一反射式显示装置,以及所述第二液晶层20遮蔽所述第一液晶层10的一侧的环境光源,或遮蔽与所述第二液晶层20同一侧的背景资讯、背景影像等,以作为一遮蔽元件,使得所述第一液晶层10能够更清晰地显示一资讯影像,同时不受到背景资讯或环境光源的干扰,提高对比度,使所述透明显示装置100的显示品质提升。此外,本发明所指透明显示装置并不包含传统背光源的显示装置。所述透明显示装置整体而言至少能呈现的视觉效果,是可以透过所述透明显示装置看见在其背后的背景资讯,因此亦可应用于,例如窗户、建筑隔间等等用途。
请继续参照图1,本发明的透明显示装置100的所述第一液晶层10包含一第一电极11、一第二电极12、多个第一液晶分子13及多个第一对掌性分子(未绘示)。所述第一液晶分子13与所述第一对掌性分子设置于所述第一电极11和所述第二电极12之间。
所述第二液晶层20是被设置于所述第一液晶层10的一侧面,例如图1中所示所述第一液晶层10的底面。所述第二液晶层20包含一第三电极21、一第四电极22、多个第二液晶分子23、多个第二对掌性分子(为绘示)以及一二色性染料24。相似的,所述第二液晶分子23、所述第二对掌性分子以及所述二色性染料24均设置于所述第三电极21与所述第四电极22之间。优选的,所述第一液晶分子13以及所述第二液晶分子23都具有正的介电异向性,亦即两者均属于一般所称的正型液晶。所述二色性染料24的可见光吸收光谱介于400至780纳米之间,可例如是400、500、600或700,然不限于此。由于所述第二液晶层20中的所述二色性染料24可吸收特定波长的可见光,使所述遮蔽区块呈现黑色或暗灰色,其光穿透度介于0.5%至20%,可例如是0.5%、5%、10%或20%,然不限于此。优选的,所述二色性染料24为长轴吸收大于短轴吸收的二色性染料。所述二色性染料24的长轴排列方向与所述第二液晶分子23的长轴排列方向相同。所述二色性染料24可例如是S428(Mitsui Chemicals公司),然不限于此。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一对掌性分子与所述第二对掌性分子优选可分别独立选自 所组成的一族群,然不限于此,一般而言,可与所述第一液晶分子13和所述第二液晶分子23(正型液晶)共同形成胆固醇液晶的对掌性分子均可被使用。
请参照图2,所述第一液晶层10具有一显示区D1,所述显示区D1用以显示一资讯影像15,其中第一液晶层10的所述第一液晶分子呈现一反射态,使所述第一液晶层10能够反射至少一部分的光源L1(反射光以L1’标示),以显示所述资讯影像15。所述第二液晶层20对应所述资讯影像15呈现一遮蔽区块25。所述光源L1可以是环境中的任一光源,然不限于此。
请参照图3A及3B,如上述图2所示的所述遮蔽区块中,所述第二液晶分子23是呈现一散射态(图3A)或一吸收态(图3B),以遮蔽从所述第二液晶层22通过的至少一部份的光源L2。所述光源L2一般可例如在背景的反射光或自发光源。此时,所述透明显示装置100可呈现高对比度的显示状态。
再者,通过所述第一电极11与所述第二电极12可提供一第一电场,使所述第一液晶分子13受所述第一电场的影响而切换一反射态、一散射态或一透明态;以及通过所述第三电极21与所述第四电极22提供一第二电场,使所述第二液晶分子23受所述第二电场影响而呈现一透明态、一吸收态或一散射态。通过所述第一液晶分子13与所述第二液晶分子23的各种形态,可组合出多样的显示及应用方式。如图1所示,当所述第一液晶分子为透明态且所述第二液晶分子为透明态,则所述透明显示装置可作为一般玻璃使用;如图3A至3B所示,当所述第一液晶分子13为反射态且所述第二液晶分子23为吸收态,则所述第一液晶层10可显示彩色影像,同时所述第二液晶层20可部分通过可见光光源L1(部分被吸收)呈现暗态,因此所述透明显示装置100可作为显示器使用,所述第二液晶层20则可用以提高对比度;如图4所示,当所述第一液晶分子13为散射态且所述第二液晶分子23为散射态(或如图5所示为吸收态),则可做为隐私屏蔽或遮光使用。但必须理解的是,并不限于上述的组合方式。由于本发明的第二液晶层20包含了所述二色性染料24,使得所述遮蔽区块25在吸收态时的颜色趋近黑色(但可透光),在散射态时的颜色趋近灰黑色,因此,可进一步提升所述资讯影像15与背景之间的对比度。
本发明已通过上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是,已公开的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种透明显示装置,其特征在于,所述透明显示装置包含:
一第一液晶层,包含一第一电极、一第二电极、多个第一液晶分子及多个第一对掌性分子,所述第一液晶分子和所述第一对掌性分子设置于所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间;以及
一第二液晶层,设置于所述第一液晶层的一侧面,所述第二液晶层包含一第三电极、一第四电极、多个第二液晶分子、多个第二对掌性分子以及一种二色性染料,所述第二液晶分子、第二对掌性分子以及所述二色性染料设置于所述第三电极和所述第四电极之间;
其中所述第一液晶分子以及所述第二液晶分子都具有正的介电异向性,所述二色性染料的可见光吸收光谱介于400至780纳米之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第一对掌性分子与所述第二对掌性分子分别独立选自
所组成的一族群。
3.如权利要求1所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第一液晶层具有一显示区,所述显示区用以显示一资讯影像。
4.如权利要求3所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第一液晶分子呈现一反射态,使所述第一液晶层反射至少一部分的可见光,以显示所述资讯影像。
5.如权利要求4所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第二液晶层对应所述资讯影像呈现一遮蔽区块。
6.如权利要求5所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述遮蔽区块是黑色或暗灰色。
7.如权利要求6所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述遮蔽区块中,所述第二液晶分子呈现一吸收态或一散射态,以遮蔽从所述第二液晶层通过的一光源。
8.如权利要求1所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第一电极与所述第二电极提供一第一电场,使所述第一液晶分子呈现一透明态、一反射态或一散射态。
9.如权利要求第1项所述的透明显示装置,其特征在于:所述第三电极与所述第四电极提供一第二电场,使所述第二液晶分子呈现一透明态、一吸收态或一散射态。
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