TWI619995B - 透明顯示裝置 - Google Patents
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- TWI619995B TWI619995B TW105138412A TW105138412A TWI619995B TW I619995 B TWI619995 B TW I619995B TW 105138412 A TW105138412 A TW 105138412A TW 105138412 A TW105138412 A TW 105138412A TW I619995 B TWI619995 B TW I619995B
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13475—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer is doped with a pleochroic dye, e.g. GH-LC cell
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13476—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which at least one liquid crystal cell or layer assumes a scattering state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13706—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy
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- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
- G02F2202/043—Materials and properties dye pleochroic
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Abstract
本發明提供一種透明顯示裝置,其包含:一第一液晶層,包含一第一電極、一第二電極、多個第一液晶分子及多個第一對掌性分子,該第一液晶分子和該第一對掌性分子設置於該第一電極和該第二電極之間;以及一第二液晶層,設置於該第一液晶層的一側面,該第二液晶層包含包含一第三電極、一第四電極、多個第二液晶分子、多個第二對掌性分子以及一二色性染料;其中該第一液晶分子以及該第二液晶分子都具有正的介電異向性,該二色性染料的可見光吸收光譜介於400至780奈米之間。
Description
本發明係關於一種透明顯示裝置,特別是關於一種利用雙層膽固醇液晶,並具有高顯示對比度的透明顯示裝置。
現有的液晶透明顯示器因為複雜的多層結構一般透明度都不夠好。若以自發光式的有機發光二極體製作透明顯示器,雖然可以保有高穿透率的特性,但是除了並無「暗態」造成低對比使得影像品質不佳之外,亦容易受到外在環境光源的影響而使影像失真,觀看品質需要改善。
目前已有利用額外的遮蔽層來解決對比度的問題。例如中國專利公開號CN105242447中,公開了一種設置有遮蔽層的透明顯示器,但其缺點在於,除了穿透率僅為33%,該遮蔽層作用時呈現白色霧狀,因此仍無法具有良好的影像顯示品質。
故,有必要提供一種透明顯示裝置,可以具有高穿透率且提高顯示對比度,以解決習用技術中所存在的問題。
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種透明顯示裝置,其包含雙層的膽固醇液晶層,一層用以顯示影像,另一層則用以調整對比度,可在不同需求下各自切換為視覺上透明或不透明的組合方式。該透明顯示裝置
利用二色性染料摻雜於其中一層的膽固醇液晶中,使不透明的散射態(Focal conic)及吸收態(Planar)可呈現暗色(如黑色或灰黑色),可視需求來加強顯示對比度。由於該透明顯示裝置結構單純,不需要額外設置背光模組及擴散膜等結構,其光穿透率可達到60%。
為達上述之目的,本發明的一實施例提供一種透明顯示裝置,其包含:一第一液晶層,包含一第一電極、一第二電極、多個第一液晶分子以及多個第一對掌性分子,該第一液晶分子與該第一對掌性分子設置於該第一電極和該第二電極之間;以及一第二液晶層,設置於該第一液晶層的一側面,該第二液晶層包含一第三電極、一第四電極、多個第二液晶分子、多個第二對掌性分子以及一二色性染料,該第二液晶分子、該第二對掌性分子與該二色性染料設置於該第一電極和該第二電極之間;其中該第一液晶分子以及該第二液晶分子都具有正的介電異向性,該二色性染料的吸收光譜介於400至780奈米之間。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第一對掌性分子與該第二對掌性分子分別獨立選自
所組成的一族群。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第一液晶層具有一顯示區,該顯示區用以顯示一資訊影像。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第一液晶分子呈現一反射態,使該第一液晶層反射至少一部分的可見光,以顯示該資訊影像。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第二液晶層對應該資訊影像呈現一遮蔽區塊。
在本發明的一實施例中,該遮蔽區塊是黑色或暗灰色。
在本發明的一實施例中,該遮蔽區塊中,該第二液晶分子呈現一吸收態或一散射態,以遮蔽從該第二液晶層通過的一光源。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第一電極與該第二電極提供一第一電場,使該第一液晶分子呈現一透明態、一反射態或一散射態。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第三電極與該第四電極提供一第二電場,使該第二液晶分子呈現一透明態、一吸收態或一散射態。
100‧‧‧透明顯示裝置
10‧‧‧第一液晶層
11‧‧‧第一電極
12‧‧‧第二電極
13‧‧‧第一液晶分子
15‧‧‧資訊影像
20‧‧‧第二液晶層
21‧‧‧第三電極
22‧‧‧第四電極
23‧‧‧第二液晶分子
24‧‧‧二色性染料
25‧‧‧遮蔽區塊
D1‧‧‧顯示區
L1、L2‧‧‧光源
L1’‧‧‧反射光
第1圖:本發明一實施例之透明顯示裝置呈現透明亮態的示意圖。
第2圖:本發明一實施例之透明顯示裝置的資訊影像與遮蔽區塊的示意圖。
第3A至3B圖:本發明一實施例之透明顯示裝置的顯示模式示意圖。
第4圖:本發明一實施例之透明顯示裝置的遮蔽模式示意圖。
第5圖:本發明一實施例之透明顯示裝置的透明暗態示意圖。
為了讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵、優點能更明顯易懂,下文將特舉本發明較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。再者,本發明所提到的方向用語,例如上、下、頂、底、前、後、左、右、內、外、側面、周圍、中央、水平、橫向、垂直、縱向、軸向、徑向、最上層或最下層等,僅是參考附加圖式的方向。此外,本發明所提到的單數形式“一”、“一個”和“所述”包括複數引用,除非上下文另有明確規定。數值範圍(如10%~11%的A)若無特定說明皆包含上、下限值(即10%≦A≦11%);數值範圍若未界定下限值(如低於0.2%的B,或0.2%以下的B),則皆指其下限值可能為0(即0%≦B≦0.2%)。上述用語是用以說明及理解本發明,而非用以限制本發明。
請參考第1圖,本發明一實施例提供一種透明顯示裝置100,主要包含一第一液晶層10以及一第二液晶層20。本發明利用該第一液晶層10反射環境中的光源,作為一反射式顯示裝置,以及該第二液晶層20遮蔽該第一液晶層10的一側的環境光源,或遮蔽與該第二液晶層20同一側的背景資訊、背景影像等,以作為一遮蔽元件,使得該第一液晶層10
能夠更清晰地顯示一資訊影像,同時不受到背景資訊或環境光源的干擾,提高對比度,使該透明顯示裝置100的顯示品質提升。此外,本發明所指透明顯示裝置並不包含傳統背光源的顯示裝置。該透明顯示裝置整體而言至少能呈現的視覺效果,是可以透過該透明顯示裝置看見在其背後的背景資訊,因此亦可應用於,例如窗戶、建築隔間等等用途。
請繼續參考第1圖,本發明的透明顯示裝置100的該第一液晶層10包含一第一電極11、一第二電極12、多個第一液晶分子13及多個第一對掌性分子(未繪示)。該第一液晶分子13與該第一對掌性分子設置於該第一電極11和該第二電極12之間。
該第二液晶層20是被設置於該第一液晶層10的一側面,例如第1圖中所示該第一液晶層10的底面。該第二液晶層20包含一第三電極21、一第四電極22、多個第二液晶分子23、多個第二對掌性分子(為繪示)以及一二色性染料24。相似的,該第二液晶分子23、該第二對掌性分子以及該二色性染料24均設置於該第三電極21與該第四電極22之間。較佳的,該第一液晶分子13以及該第二液晶分子23都具有正的介電異向性,亦即兩者均屬於一般所稱的正型液晶。該二色性染料24的可見光吸收光譜介於400至780奈米之間,可例如是400、500、600或700,然不限於此。由於該第二液晶層20中的該二色性染料24可吸收特定波長的可見光,使該遮蔽區塊呈現黑色或暗灰色,其光穿透度介於0.5%~20%,可例如是0.5%、5%、10%或20%,然不限於此。較佳的,該二色性染料24為長軸吸收大於短軸吸收的二色性染料。該二色性染料24的長軸排列方向與該第二液晶分子23的長軸排列方向相同。該二色性染料24可例如是S428(Mitsui
Chemicals公司),然不限於此。
在本發明的一實施例中,該第一對掌性分子與該第二對掌性分子較佳可分別獨立選自
所組成的一族群,然不限於此,一般而言,可與該第一液晶分子13和該第二液晶分子23(正型液晶)共同形成膽固醇液晶的對掌性分子均可被使用。
請參考第2圖,該第一液晶層10具有一顯示區D1,該顯示區D1用以顯示一資訊影像15,其中第一液晶層10的該第一液晶分子呈現一反射態,使該第一液晶層10能夠反射至少一部分的光源L1(反射光以
L1’標示),以顯示該資訊影像15。該第二液晶層20對應該資訊影像15呈現一遮蔽區塊25。該光源L1可以是環境中的任一光源,然不限於此。
請參考第3A及3B圖,如上述第2圖所示的該遮蔽區塊中,該第二液晶分子23是呈現一散射態(第3A圖)或一吸收態(第3B圖),以遮蔽從該第二液晶層22通過的至少一部份的光源L2。該光源L2一般可例如在背景的反射光或自發光源。此時,該透明顯示裝置100可呈現高對比度的顯示狀態。
再者,通過該第一電極11與該第二電極12可提供一第一電場,使該第一液晶分子13受該第一電場的影響而切換一反射態、一散射態或一透明態;以及通過該第三電極21與該第四電極22提供一第二電場,使該第二液晶分子23受該第二電場影響而呈現一透明態、一吸收態或一散射態。通過該第一液晶分子13與該第二液晶分子23的各種形態,可組合出多樣的顯示及應用方式。如第1圖所示,當該第一液晶分子為透明態且該第二液晶分子為透明態,則該透明顯示裝置可作為一般玻璃使用;如第3A至3B圖所示,當該第一液晶分子13為反射態且該第二液晶分子23為吸收態,則該第一液晶層10可顯示彩色影像,同時該第二液晶層20可部分通過可見光光源L1(部分被吸收)呈現暗態,因此該透明顯示裝置100可作為顯示器使用,該第二液晶層20則可用以提高對比度;如第4圖所示,當該第一液晶分子13為散射態且該第二液晶分子23為散射態(或如第5圖所示為吸收態),則可做為隱私屏蔽或遮光使用。但必須理解的是,並不限於上述的組合方式。由於本發明的第二液晶層20包含了該二色性染料24,使得該遮蔽區塊25在吸收態時的顏色趨近黑色(但可透光),在散射態
時的顏色趨近灰黑色,因此,可進一步提升該資訊影像15與背景之間的對比度。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露,然其並非用以限制本發明,任何熟習此項技藝之人士,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作各種更動與修飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
Claims (9)
- 一種透明顯示裝置,其包含:一第一液晶層,包含一第一電極、一第二電極、多個第一液晶分子及多個第一對掌性分子,該第一液晶分子和該第一對掌性分子設置於該第一電極和該第二電極之間;以及一第二液晶層,設置於該第一液晶層的一側面,該第二液晶層包含一第三電極、一第四電極、多個第二液晶分子、多個第二對掌性分子以及一種二色性染料,該第二液晶分子、第二對掌性分子以及該二色性染料設置於該第三電極和該第四電極之間;其中該第一液晶分子以及該第二液晶分子都具有正的介電異向性,該二色性染料的可見光吸收光譜介於400至780奈米之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第一對掌性分子與該第二對掌性分子分別獨立選自
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第一液晶層具有一顯示區,該顯示區用以顯示一資訊影像。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第一液晶分子呈現一反射態,使該第一液晶層反射至少一部分的可見光,以顯示該資訊影像。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第二液晶層對應該資訊影像呈現一遮蔽區塊。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該遮蔽區塊是黑色或暗灰色。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該遮蔽區塊中,該第二液晶分子呈現一吸收態或一散射態,以遮蔽從該第二液晶層通過的一光源。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第一電極與該第二電極提供一第一電場,使該第一液晶分子呈現一透明態、一反射態或一散射態。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之透明顯示裝置,其中該第三 電極與該第四電極提供一第二電場,使該第二液晶分子呈現一透明態、一吸收態或一散射態。
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