CN108283939B - 一种催化苯酚羟基化固体催化剂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种催化苯酚羟基化固体催化剂及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000013132 MOF-5 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical group [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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Abstract
一种催化苯酚羟基化固体催化剂及其制备方法与应用,以金属离子Zn2+与有机配体对苯二甲酸或1,3,5‑三苯甲酸通过配位作用,同时按比例掺入一定量的Ni2+离子,得到金属有机骨架载体MOF‑5(Ni),再用常温等量负载法将催化活性位Fe3+负载到MOF‑5(Ni)上,得到一种耐水性高、比表面大、催化性能好的固体催化剂Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF‑5(Ni),用于双氧水氧化苯酚羟基化反应,当反应温度80℃、催化剂与苯酚质量比0.053时,反应时间2h,苯酚转化率63.6%,苯二酚收率99.3%,邻苯二酚选择性99.3%,副产物为水,工艺绿色环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于固体催化剂制备及催化精细有机合成领域,具体涉及一种Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂及其制备与催化苯酚羟基化反应的方法。
背景技术
苯酚羟基化是一类很重要的反应,其合成产物有邻苯二酚、对苯二酚,它们是非常重要的中间体和助剂,主要用在医药、农药、香料、合成树脂、添加剂、抗氧剂、化肥、尿素、漂白剂、显影剂和染发剂等方面,其中邻苯二酚还可用于合成4-叔丁基邻苯二酚、氯乙烯阻聚剂、香草醛、乙基香草醛、胡椒醛、黄连素和异丙肾上腺素等。
传统生产苯二酚(邻苯二酚、对苯二酚)方法有对苯醌合成法、苯胺氧化法、对二异丙苯氧化法等,但这些方法有环境污染、副产物多、产物分离比较困难等问题。而苯酚双氧水羟基化反应法用双氧水作为氧化剂,反应生成主要产物对二苯酚和邻二苯酚,副产物为水,对环境没有污染,是一种绿色苯酚羟基化反应方法。但双氧水氧化需要催化氧化才能提高苯酚的转化率与苯二酚产物的收率性。目前已报导的双氧水氧化苯酚羟基化的反应转化率一般50%、苯二酚选择性92%、邻苯二酚选择性61%左右。因此,研发高催化活性、选择性、寿命稳定、经济环保的新型催化剂是改进双氧水氧化苯酚羟基化反应的关键。
金属-有机框架材料(Metal-Organic-Frameworks,MOFs)是由金属离子与有机配体通过自组装杂化生成的一类具有周期性多维网状结构的多孔晶体材料,具有纳米级的骨架型规整孔道结构,大的比表面积和孔隙率以及小的固体密度,作为催化材料有如下优势:(1)MoFs骨架上可以引入多种具有催化性能的有机配体,尤其是可引入手性配体从而实现不对称催化;(2)MoFs骨架孔尺寸可以在微孔与介孔之间调节,具有手性螺旋轴的孔道可以提供不对称催化微环境;(3)大比表面积的MoFs骨架可负载高分散的纳米金属活性组分等;(4)多数MOFs材料相比分子筛更易合成、成本更低。本发明用Ni掺杂的MOF-5 (Ni)为载体,采用低温等量负载法负载Fe(Ⅲ),得到一种Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂,可提高MOF-5载体材料的耐水性、苯酚羟基化反应苯酚转化率与邻苯二酚选择性、且制备成本低。
发明内容
本发目的旨在提供一种高效易合成Ni掺杂金属有机骨架MOF-5 (Ni)常温等量负载Fe(Ⅲ)催化剂及其制备与催化苯酚羟基化反应的方法。
本发明的技术方案
1.所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5 (Ni)是由金属离子Zn2+、Ni2+按照一定质量比与有机配体通过配位作用形成Ni掺杂的金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 多孔载体、再负载一定量Fe3+所得到的固体催化剂;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5 (Ni)固体催化剂中金属离子Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+、有机配体的mol比为1:0.1~4:0.02~0.3:0.8~4;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5 (Ni)固体催化剂中的有机配体为对苯二甲酸、1,3,5-三苯甲酸中的至少一种;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5 (Ni)固体催化剂颗粒尺寸50~400nm、孔径0.6~5nm、比表面积900~2800m2/g。
2. 制备1所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5 (Ni)固体催化剂的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体
按一定质量比例将硝酸锌、硝酸镍、有机配体在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中混合搅拌溶解,得到一种澄清混合溶液,再在剧烈搅拌下缓慢加入与所述澄清混合溶液体积比0.03~0.1的三乙胺,溶液逐渐变浑浊,继续搅拌2~4h,得到白色沉淀物,抽真空过滤白色沉淀物,滤饼用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤、110~130℃干燥后,即得到一种Ni掺杂的金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体;
所述硝酸锌、硝酸镍、有机配体、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的质量比为1:0.1~4:0.5~5:10~30;
2)常温等量法负载活性位Fe3+
将九水硝酸铁与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合搅拌溶解,得到九水硝酸铁质量浓度5~30%的溶液,再将九水硝酸铁N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液与已制备的Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体粉末按照体积比1:0.8~1浸渍搅拌,充分混合后,于70℃~90℃真空干燥处理1~2h,即得到所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂。
3. 将1所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂用于催化苯酚羟基化反应的方法,包括以下步骤:
将Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂、苯酚、氧化剂和去离子水按一定比例加入反应器搅拌混合,在60℃~90℃反应1~3h,反应结束后,过滤出固体催化剂,用萃取剂在10℃~30℃萃取反应产物及未反应完的苯酚,萃取相通过减压蒸馏分离,因萃取剂沸点最低,最先分离出萃取剂,分离得到的萃取剂循环再利用,然后分别在80℃~85℃、120℃~126℃、160℃~165℃得到苯酚、邻苯二酚和对苯二酚,冷却后即得到相应的白色结晶物苯酚、透明结晶物邻苯二酚和白色结晶物产品对苯二酚,蒸馏剩余黑色物质为副产物另行处理,萃余相过滤后循环使用;
所述氧化剂为质量浓度27~35%的过氧化氢水溶液;
所述Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂、苯酚、过氧化氢水溶液、去离子水的质量比为1:10~30:200~400:400~800;
所述的萃取剂是乙酸乙酯、氯仿和四氯化碳中的至少一种。
本发明的技术优势与效果
1. 本发明催化剂易合成、催化活性高、苯酚转化率与邻苯二酚选择性高,当反应温度80℃、反应时间2h、催化剂与苯酚质量比0.053时,苯酚转化率63.6%,邻苯二酚产率63.2%,邻苯二酚选择性99.3%。苯酚转化率、苯二酚选择性和邻苯二酚选择性比目前已有技术水平大有提高。
2.采用Ni掺杂制得的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)催化剂,相比普通的MOF-5材料有更好的耐水性,更适合水为溶剂的苯酚羟基化反应。
3. 用双氧水做为氧化剂,副产物为水,产物易分离,对环境污染小,属于绿色工艺。
附图说明
图1、图2、图3分别为样品MOF-5、MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:1)、MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:2)耐水实验前后的XRD对比图。实验过程是将这三种样品置于80℃水浴中搅拌处理2小时,过滤后80℃下真空干燥2小时,再用XRD分析。其中a、c、e为水处理2两小时后的XRD谱图,b、d、f为未经水处理的XRD谱图。由图1可知,MOF-5在80℃水处理2小时后,峰位置及峰强度变化较大,7度、13度14度附近的特征峰消失,10度附近的特征峰稍左偏移,说明水解比较明显,晶体结构变化较大。由图2与图1比较可知,当Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:1时,80℃水处理2小时后,图2谱峰位置及峰强度也有变化,但在9度、16度、18度附近特征峰都有所保留,说明此时晶型保留相对比较完整,有一定耐水性。由图3与图1、图2比较可知,当Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比为1:2时,图3谱峰位置及峰强度变化不大,大部分特征峰都保留,说明此时耐水性最好。
图4(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)分别为负载Fe(Ⅲ)质量百分数4%、4%、4%、1%的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:1)、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:2) 、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:3) 的SEM照片,其中(a)呈白色块状,尺寸在50-300nm,颗粒间空隙较少,而(b)、(c)、(d)均为绿色粉末,其形貌均为片状,其中(b)为菱形块状,堆积如花瓣状,而(c)、(d)均呈散乱片状堆积,颗粒间空隙较大。
图5(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)分别为负载Fe(Ⅲ)质量百分数4%、4%、4%、1%的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:1)、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:2) 、Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:3)的X-MaxN能谱图,能谱测得各元素含量如表1所示。由图5和表1可知,图5(a)测得样品中Ni元素含量0、Fe元素含量3.7%接近4%,图5(b)测得样品中Ni:Zn为11.22:13.60接近1:1、Fe元素含量3.7%接近4%,图5(c)测得样品中Ni:Zn为14.03:7.78接近2:1、Fe元素含量为3.7%接近4%;图5(d)测得样品中Ni:Zn为22.13:8.15接近3:1/Fe元素含量为1.05%接近1%。由此可见,由能谱测试得到Ni、Zn、Fe元素含量比例与制备催化剂所加料量比相近。
注:图2、图3中(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:1)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:2)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:3)分别为(Zn2+:Ni2 +加料mol比1:1)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=加料mol比1:2)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=加料mol比1:3)。
表1 能谱测试样品中各元素含量
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明的技术方案及其实施方式予以说明。
实施例1
1.制备Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂
第一步:称取15.000g Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O、14.600g Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O、12.750g对苯二甲酸于三口烧瓶中(Zn2+:Ni2+加料mol比1:1),加入1000mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂,室温下搅拌溶解得到澄清混合溶液,在剧烈搅拌下缓慢加入三乙胺(40.000g,55mL),溶液逐渐浑浊,再在室温下继续搅拌3h,得到白色沉淀物,抽真空过滤白色沉淀物,滤饼用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂洗涤、120℃干燥后,得到一种Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体;
第二步:将3.6g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O与100mLN,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合搅拌溶解,得到九水硝酸铁质量浓度3.5%的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液,再将九水硝酸铁N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液与25gNi掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体粉末浸渍搅拌,充分混合后,于90℃真空干燥处理2h,即得到含Fe3+质量百分数为2%的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂。
2.催化苯酚羟基化反应合成邻苯二酚
取2.5g Fe(Ⅲ)/ MOF-5(Ni)催化剂、43.9mL苯酚(50℃水浴加热溶解),加入1500mL去离子水和800mL质量浓度30%的过氧化氢水溶液,在80℃磁力搅拌下反应2h,结束反应,过滤催化剂,滤液用乙酸乙酯在常温下萃取三次,萃取出反应产物及未反应完苯酚,萃取相通过减压蒸馏分别在80℃~85℃、120℃~126℃、160℃~165℃得到苯酚、邻苯二酚和对苯二酚,冷却后即得到白色结晶苯酚,透明结晶产品邻苯二酚和白色结晶对苯二酚产品,蒸馏剩余黑色物质为焦油。苯酚的转化率为63.6%,邻苯二酚的收率为63.2%,邻苯二酚选择性99.3%。
实施例2操作步骤同实施例1,但在第二步时按含Fe3+质量百分数为1%计算量加入1.8g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率为46.4%,邻苯二酚收率为44.2%,对苯二酚收率为1.1%,邻苯二酚选择性为95.1%。
实施例3操作步骤同实施例1,但在第二步时按含Fe3+质量百分数为3%计算量加入5.4g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率为60.9%,邻苯二酚收率为60%,邻苯二酚选择性为98.6.%。
实施例4操作步骤同实施例1,但在第二步时按含Fe3+质量百分数为4%计算量加入7.2g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率45.7%,邻苯二酚收率为45.1%,邻苯二酚的选择性为98.7%。
实施例5操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:2的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数1%计算量加入1.8g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率46.9%,邻苯二酚收率为43%,对苯二酚收率为3.6%,邻苯二酚选择性为91.6%。
实施例6操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:2的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数2%计算量加入3.6g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率60.9%,邻苯二酚收率60.2%,邻苯二酚选择性为98.9%。
实施例7操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:2的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数3%计算量加入5.4g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率49.8%,邻苯二酚收率48%,邻苯二酚选择性96.3%。
实施例8操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+mol比1:2的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数4%计算量加入7.2g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率38.3%,邻苯二酚收率36.3%,邻苯二酚的选择性为95.5%。
实施例9操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni) 载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:3的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数1%计算量加入1.8g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率48.5%,邻苯二酚收率42.6%,对苯二酚收率5.4%,邻苯二酚的选择性87.8%。
实施例10操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:3的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数2%计算量加入3.6g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率65.5%,邻苯二酚收率61.5%,对苯二酚收率3.3%,邻苯二酚的选择性93.9%。
实施例11操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:3的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数3%计算量加入5.4g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率50.3%,邻苯二酚收率48%,邻苯二酚选择性为95.5%。
实施例12操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中Zn(NO3)2· 6H2O和Ni(NO3)2· 6H2O 的质量按Zn2+和Ni2+ mol比1:3的比例称取,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数4%计算量加入7.2g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率45.5%,邻苯二酚收率43%,邻苯二酚选择性94.6%。
实施例13操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中不掺Ni2+,仅加入30gZn(NO3)2· 6H2O,得到MOF-5,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数1%计算量加入1.8g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率27.8%,邻苯二酚收率27%,邻苯二酚选择性97.2%。
实施例14操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中不掺Ni2+,仅加入30gZn(NO3)2· 6H2O,得到MOF-5,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数2%计算量加入3.6g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率37.4%,邻苯二酚收率37%,邻苯二酚选择性98.9%。
实施例15操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中不掺Ni2+,仅加入30gZn(NO3)2· 6H2O,得到MOF-5,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数3%计算量加入5.4g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率31.8%,邻苯二酚收率为31%,邻苯二酚的选择性为97.6%。
实施例16操作步骤同实施例1,但在第一步合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体中不掺Ni2+,仅加入30gZn(NO3)2· 6H2O,得到MOF-5,在第二步按含Fe3+质量百分数4%计算量加入7.2g Fe(NO3)3·9H2O,得苯酚转化率29.8%,邻苯二酚收率29%,邻苯二酚选择性为97.3%。
实施例17操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时反应温度为70℃,得苯酚转化率57.6%,邻苯二酚收率48%,对苯二酚收率8.2%,邻苯二酚选择性83.4%。
实施例18操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时反应时间为1h,得苯酚转化率36%,邻苯二酚收率36%,邻苯二酚的选择性为100%。
实施例19操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时反应时间为3h,得苯酚转化率63.8%,邻苯二酚收率61.3%,邻苯二酚选择性为96.1%。
实施例20操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时称取1.25g Fe(Ⅲ)/ MOF-5(Ni)催化剂用于催化反应,得苯酚转化率55.5%,邻苯二酚收率46.9%,对苯二酚收率8.6%,邻苯二酚选择性84.5%。
实施例21操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时称取3.75g Fe(Ⅲ)/ MOF-5(Ni)催化剂用于催化反应,得苯酚转化率54.5%,邻苯二酚收率51.3%,邻苯二酚选择性94.2%。
实施例22操作步骤同实施例1,但在合成邻苯二酚时称取5g Fe(Ⅲ)/ MOF-5(Ni)催化剂用于催化反应,得苯酚转化率25%,邻苯二酚收率24.2%,邻苯二酚选择性96.7%。
表2 实施例1~22操作条件及反应结果
注:表2催化剂竖栏(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:1)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:2)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=1:3)分别为(Zn2 +:Ni2+加料mol比1:1)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=加料mol比1:2)、(Zn2+:Ni2+=加料mol比1:3)。
Claims (2)
1.一种Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂催化苯酚羟基化的应用,其特征在于:
(1)将Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂、苯酚、氧化剂和去离子水按一定比例加入反应器搅拌混合,在60℃~90℃反应1~3h,反应结束后,过滤出固体催化剂,用萃取剂在10℃~30℃萃取反应产物及未反应完的苯酚,萃取相通过减压蒸馏分离,因萃取剂沸点最低,最先分离出萃取剂,分离得到的萃取剂循环再利用,然后分别在80℃~85℃、120℃~126℃、160℃~165℃得到苯酚、邻苯二酚和对苯二酚,冷却后即得到相应的白色结晶物苯酚、透明结晶物邻苯二酚和白色结晶物产品对苯二酚,蒸馏剩余黑色物质为副产物另行处理,萃余相过滤后循环使用;
所述氧化剂为质量浓度27~35%的过氧化氢水溶液;
所述Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂、苯酚、过氧化氢水溶液、去离子水的质量比为1:10~30:200~400:400~800;
所述的萃取剂是乙酸乙酯、氯仿和四氯化碳中的至少一种;
(2)所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂是由金属离子Zn2+、Ni2+按照一定质量比与有机配体通过配位作用形成Ni掺杂的金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)多孔载体、再负载一定量Fe3+所得到的固体催化剂;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂中金属离子Zn2+、Ni2+、Fe3+、有机配体的mol比为1:0.1~4:0.01~0.3:0.8~4;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂中的有机配体为对苯二甲酸、1,3,5-三苯甲酸中的至少一种;
所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂颗粒尺寸50~400nm、孔径0.6~3nm、孔容积0.8~2cm3/g、比表面积900~2800m2/g;
(3)所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂是通过以下步骤制备得到的:
1)合成Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体
按一定质量比例将硝酸锌、硝酸镍、有机配体在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中混合搅拌溶解,得到一种澄清混合溶液,再在剧烈搅拌下缓慢加入与所述澄清混合溶液体积比0.03~0.1的三乙胺,溶液逐渐变浑浊,继续搅拌2~4h,得到白色沉淀物,抽真空过滤白色沉淀物,滤饼用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤、110~130℃干燥后,即得到一种Ni掺杂的金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体;
所述硝酸锌、硝酸镍、有机配体、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的质量比为1:0.1~4:0.5~5:10~30;
2)常温等量法负载活性位Fe3+
将九水硝酸铁与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合搅拌溶解,得到九水硝酸铁质量浓度1~20%的溶液,再将九水硝酸铁N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液与已制备的Ni掺杂金属有机框架MOF-5(Ni)载体粉末按照体积比1:0.8~1浸渍搅拌,充分混合后,于70℃~90℃真空干燥处理1~2h,即得到所述的Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂催化苯酚羟基化的应用,其特征在于:当Fe(Ⅲ)/MOF-5(Ni)固体催化剂催化苯酚羟基化反应温度80℃、反应时间2h、催化剂与苯酚质量比0.053时,得苯酚转化率63.6%、邻苯二酚产率63.2%、邻苯二酚选择性99.3%。
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