CN108276432B - 芴桥联的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
芴桥联的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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Abstract
本发明公开了环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物及其制备方法与应用。它是在有机溶剂中以芴为原料,与液溴反应,所得产物(W)与溴乙烷反应得到产物(X)。将(X)与咪唑反应得到化合物(Y),(Y)进一步与溴甲基苯反应得到产物(Z),(Z)再与氧化银反应得到环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(1)。用1作为主体,用不同种类的硝酸盐作为客体,在25℃下,将主体和客体溶解在有机溶剂中,在一定浓度下,将主体溶液分别和不同的客体溶液混合,测定其荧光光谱,找出主体能够识别的客体。对于主体能够识别的客体,用不同的浓度的客体对主体进行滴定,测定其荧光光谱。本发明的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物具有制备简洁、荧光感光效果明显的优点,可以用来制作荧光分子识别体系,有望在荧光化学领域得到应用。
Description
关于资助研究或开发的声明
本发明是在国家自然科学基金(基金号:21572159),天津师范大学青年基金(基金号:52XQ1402)和天津市自然科学基金(基金号:11JCZDJC22000)的资助下进行的。
技术领域
本发明属于金属有机化学技术领域,涉及通过芴的双咪唑盐作为前体的氮杂环卡宾金属配合物,更具体的说是一种环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物及其制备方法,以及环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物荧光识别性能的研究。
背景技术
N-杂环卡宾逐渐成为金属有机化学的研究热点之一,它被应用于有机合成、高分子化学及催化等领域。N-杂环卡宾配体与金属间的配位方式与有机膦配体虽然相似,但是卡宾与金属的配合物对水,热和空气的良好稳定性是膦配体金属配合物无法比拟的。由于N-杂环卡宾形成的卡宾-金属σ键稳定性能高,结构容易被修饰,N-杂环卡宾配合物用作有机反应底物和催化剂的研究受到了人们的广泛关注。N-杂环卡宾配体在与金属配合时可以形成钳形,三角钳形,大环形等多种结构,这些特殊的结构作为主体可以通过多种作用力与客体结合,因此N-杂化卡宾金属配合物在荧光分子探针领域具有良好的发展前景。
发明内容
本发明公开了具有下述结构的氮杂环卡宾金属配合物:
本发明公开的氮杂环卡宾金属配合物制备方法,其特征在于按如下的步骤进行:
(1)在有机溶剂中以芴与液溴反应,得到产物(W);将(W)再与溴乙烷反应得到产物(X);将(X)与咪唑反应得到产物(Y);再将(Y)与溴甲基苯反应得到产物(Z)。其中芴与液溴的摩尔比为1:2;(W)与溴乙烷的摩尔比为1:2;(X)与咪唑的摩尔比为1:2;(Y)与溴甲基苯的摩尔比为1:2;
(2)将产物(Z)与Ag2O以摩尔比为1:2的比例加入到反应器皿内,加入有机溶剂,反应回流1天,得到环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(1);
步骤(1)、(2)中所述的有机溶剂选自三氯甲烷、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙腈、二甲基亚砜中的一种或几种的混合物。优选的二甲基亚砜。
本发明进一步公开了环氮杂环卡宾银配合物晶体,其晶体结构参数如下:
本发明更进一步公开了环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物在制备荧光识别方面的应用。其中的荧光识别指的是对Cu2+的识别。
本发明通过芴,液溴,咪唑,溴乙烷,溴甲基苯作为原料可以制备咪唑盐类化合物。它是在有机溶剂中以芴与液溴反应,得到产物(W);将(W)再与溴乙烷反应得到产物(X);将(X)与咪唑反应得到产物(Y);再将(Y)与溴甲基苯反应得到产物(Z)。然后再与氧化银反应得到环状氮杂环卡宾金属配合物(1)。
本发明进一步涉及了通过环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(及单晶)作为主体在荧光识别领域中的应用。本发明的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物具有制备简洁、荧光感光效果明显的优点,可以用来制作荧光分子识别体系,有望在荧光化学领域得到应用;实验结果显示:环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物对Cu2+具有良好的选择性识别能力。
本发明的合成路线如下:
典型的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物的分子式为C74H68Ag4Br4N8。环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物的单晶的测定方法如下:
晶体数据和结构精修参数包含在支持性信息中。在Bruker SMART 1000 CCD衍射仪上进行,实验温度为113(2)K, 在50kV 和20mA下,用Mo-Ka 辐射(0.71073Å)操作,用SMART和SAINT软件进行数据收集和还原,q 的范围是 1.8 < q < 25º。应用SADABS 程序进行经验吸收矫正。晶体结构由直接方法解出,用SHELXTL包对全部非氢原子坐标各向异性热参数进行全矩阵最小二乘法修正。
本发明一个优选的实施例为实例1.
本发明另一个优选的实施例为应用实例1。
本发明进一步公开了通过环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物在荧光识别领域中的应用。
实验证明:用环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物作为主体,用不同种类的硝酸盐作为客体(不同硝酸盐,如:Li+, Na+, K+, NH4 +, Ag+, Ca2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Cr3+,Al3+, Pb2+ and Hg2+),在25˚C下,将主体和客体溶解在有机溶剂中,在一定浓度下,将主体溶液分别和不同的客体溶液混合(主体浓度:1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1, 客体浓度:5 × 10-6mol/L),测定其荧光光谱,找出主体能够识别的客体。对于主体能够识别的客体,用不同的浓度的客体对主体进行滴定,测定其荧光光谱(主体浓度:1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1, 客体浓度:0-24 × 10-6 mol L-1),主体溶液的激发波长为325 nm。每次添加后,8-10分钟达到反应平衡测定相应的荧光强度。本发明作为主体的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(特别是晶体)对硝酸铜的荧光感光效果明显,在荧光光谱中的365 nm和500nm有明显的荧光发射(图2),可以用来制作荧光探针,有望在荧光化学领域得到应用。
本发明提出的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物晶体是一种在标准状态下可以稳定存在的高级荧光材料,具有荧光感光效果明显的优点,可以用来制作荧光分子识别体系,有望在荧光化学领域得到应用。
附图说明
图1为环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(实施例1)的晶体结构图;
图2为环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(实施例1)在25℃下,乙腈溶液中(主体浓度:1.0× 10-6 mol L-1)加入不同类型相同浓度的硝酸盐溶液(客体浓度:5 × 10-6 mol/L)的荧光光谱图;从图中可以看出主体对Cu2+具有选择性识别能力。
图3为环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(实施例1)在25˚C下,乙腈溶液中(主体浓度:1.0× 10-6 mol L-1)加入不同浓度的Cu2+溶液(客体浓度:0-24 × 10-6 mol L-1)的荧光光谱图,从图3中可以看出随着Cu2+浓度的增加荧光强度在365nm处逐渐降低,同时在500nm处出现一个新峰。当Cu2+浓度增加到一定数值后,荧光不再有明显的降低。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施方案叙述本发明。除非特别说明,本发明中所用的技术手段均为本领域技术人员所公知的方法。另外,实施方案应理解为说明性的,而非限制本发明的范围,本发明的实质和范围仅由权利要求书所限定。对于本领域技术人员而言,在不背离本发明实质和范围的前提下,对这些实施方案中的物料成分和用量进行的各种改变或改动也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明所用原料及试剂均有市售;特别加以说明的是,制备本发明化合物的起始物质芴、液溴、咪唑、溴乙烷、溴甲基苯等均可以从市场上买到或容易地通过已知的方法制得。制备本发明化合物所用到的试剂全部来源于天津市科锐思化工有限公司,级别为分析纯。
另外需要加以说明的是:所有的实验操作运用Schlenk技术,溶剂经过标准流程纯化。所有用于合成和分析的试剂都是分析纯,并没有经过进一步的处理。熔点通过Boetius区截机测定。1H 和 13C{1H}NRM谱通过汞变量Vx400分光光度计记录,测量区间:400 MHzand 100 MHz。化学位移,δ,参考国际标准的TMS测定。荧光光谱通过Cary Eclipse荧光分光光度计测定。
实施例1
2,7-二溴芴(W)的制备
将原料芴(5.000 g,30.0 mmol)置于三口瓶中溶解于30 ml三氯甲烷,将三口瓶置于冰水浴中冷却至0˚C以下,用移液管量取液溴(3.6 ml,70.0 mmol)溶于5ml三氯甲烷置于恒压漏斗中,搅拌下缓慢滴加液溴,30 min后滴加完成,撤掉冰水浴,室温下搅拌4 h,有白色固体析出。24 h后停止反应,减压抽滤得到白色固体,用甲醇淋洗固体白色产物,得到白色晶体2,7-二溴芴(W)。产率:7.210 g(79%)。熔点:208-210˚C。1H NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d 6):δ1.60 (t, 6H, CH 2), 2.90 (m, 4H, CH 2), 7.65 (m, 2H, ArH),7.78(d, 2H,ArH), 7.86(d, 2H, ArH).
2,7-二溴-9,9-二乙基芴(X)的制备
在N2保护下,向150 mL DMSO加入2,7-二溴芴(6.600 g, 20.0 mmol),加热溶解后,加入KOH固体(5.600 g, 100 mmol)脱氢,KI固体(0.300 g, 0.5 mmol)催化反应,20 mLCH3CH2Br置于恒压滴液漏斗中,30˚C下滴加30 min,完成后升温至70˚C反应48 h,冷却至室温,倒入蒸馏水中,降温后抽率得到淡黄色固体,用石油醚洗涤,得到2,7-二溴-9,9-二乙基芴(X),淡黄色固体。产率: 8.000 g (70%)。熔点:136-138˚C。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6):δ3.96 (s, 2H, CH 2), 7.68(m, 2H, ArH), 7.80 (d, 2H, ArH), 7.88 (d, 2H, ArH).
2,7-二咪唑基-9,9-二乙基芴(Y)的制备
N2保护下,向60 mL DMF加入咪唑(1.050 g, 14.0 mmol),Cs2CO3(6.860 g, 21.0mmol)加热搅拌脱氢1 h,在N2保护下加入2,7-二溴-9,9-二乙基芴(X) (2.100 g, 5.1mmol)和CuI(0.200 g,1.0 mmol),加热至120˚C,搅拌36 h,反应后冷却至室温,倒入冷水中,抽率后得到灰蓝色固体。将固体溶解于热的三氯甲烷中,加入无水MgSO4干燥,抽率得到灰色固体,用乙醚洗涤至浅黄色,得到2,7-二咪唑基-9,9-二乙基芴(Y),淡黄色的固体。产率:2.708 g(81%)。熔点:195-198˚C。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ0.19 (t, 6H, CH 3),2.05 (q, 4H, CH 2), 7.56 (d, 6H, ArH), 7.60 (m, 4H, CH), 7.62 (s, 2H, CH).
2,7-二[2-(N-苄基咪唑)]-9,9-二乙基芴二溴化物(Z)的制备
将2,7-二咪唑基-9,9-二乙基芴(Y) (1.200 g, 2.0 mmol)溶于乙腈溶液中,加入20 ml溴化苄搅拌加热至80˚C,搅拌3天后析出白色固体,抽率得到2,7-二[2-(N-苄基咪唑)]-9,9-二乙基芴二溴化物(Z),用乙醚和丙酮洗涤固体产物。产率:1.800 g (69%)。熔点:220-222˚C。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ0.28 (t, 6H,CH 3), 2.19 (q, 4H, CH 2),5.55(s, 4H, CH 2), 7.45(m, 6H, ArH),7.57(m, 4H, ArH),7.88 (m, 2H, ArH), 8.07(m, 4H, ArH), 8.23(d, 2H, CH), 8.47 (t, 2H, CH), 10.24 (s, 2H, CH). 13C NMR(100 MHz, DMSO-d 6): 151.8 (ArC), 140.6 (ArC), 135.6 (ArC), 134.4 (ArC), 128.9(ArC), 128.8 (ArC), 128.4 (ArC), 123.2 (ArC), 121.9 (ArC), 121.7 (ArC), 121.1(ArC), 116.8 (ArC), 56.9 (CH2), 52.4 (CH2), 31.5 (CH2), 8.4 (CH2).
环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物(1)的制备:
在氮气保护下,称取2,7-二[2-(N-正丁苄基咪唑)]-9,9-二乙基芴二溴化物1(0.050 g,0.5 mmol),加入除水DMSO(5 mL)和无水CH3CN(20 mL),加入黑色Ag2O固体(0.020g,1.2 mmol),搅拌下加热至30˚C后反应24h,过滤,扩散结晶得到白色的配合物1。产率:0.015 g(35%),熔点:320˚C。1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d 6): δ0.17 (t, 6H, CH 3), 1.23(t, 2H, CH 2), 1.99 (q, 2H, CH 2), 5.47 (s, 4H, CH 2), 7.39 (m, 10H, ArH), 7.66(d, 3H, ArH), 7.82 (d, 4H, CH), 7.98 (d, 3H, ArH).13C NMR (100 MHz, DMSO-d 6):139.1 (ArC), 139.0 (ArC), 136.9 (ArC),136.8 (ArC), 128.8 (ArC),128.4 (ArC),128.1 (ArC), 127.8 (ArC), 127.7 (ArC), 123.1 (ArC), 122.7 (ArC), 121.0 (ArC),118.6 (ArC), 85.4 (CH2), 54.7 (CH2), 8.6 (CH2).晶体结构见说明书附图1:
实施例1,银配合物的晶体结构参数
晶体数据和结构精修参数包含在支持性信息中。在Bruker APEX II CCD衍射仪上进行,实验温度为296(2)K, 在50kV 和20mA下,用Mo-Ka 辐射(0.71073Å)操作,用SMART和SAINT软件进行数据收集和还原,q 的范围是 1.8 < q < 25º。应用SADABS 程序进行经验吸收矫正。晶体结构由直接方法解出,用SHELXTL包对全部非氢原子坐标各向异性热参数进行全矩阵最小二乘法修正。
应用实例1
在25˚C下,在环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物晶体的乙腈溶液中(主体浓度:1 × 10-6mol/L)加入不同种类的相同浓度的(客体浓度:5 × 10-6 mol/L)硝酸盐的溶液(Li+, Na+,K+, NH4 +, Ag+, Ca2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, Al3+, Pb2+ and Hg2+),测定其荧光光谱,见附图2。从附图2中可以看出主体1对Cu2+具有选择性识别能力;
荧光滴定通过Cary Eclipse荧光分光光度计用1cm路径长的石英槽测定的。滴定的进行是将主体(1 × 10-6 mol L-1)放入4 mL的比色皿中,并用微量注射器加入浓度逐渐增大的Cu2+溶液(0-24 × 10-6 mol L-1)。主体溶液的激发波长为325 nm,发射光谱在365nm有发射峰。每次添加后,8-10分钟达到反应平衡测定荧光强度。数据分析使用Origin8.0,见图3。从图3中可以看出: 随着Cu2+浓度的增加荧光强度在365nm处逐渐降低,同时在500nm处出现一个新峰。当Cu2+浓度增加到一定数值后,荧光不再有明显的降低。
综上所述,本发明的内容并不局限在实例中,相同领域内的有识之士可以在本发明的技术指导思想之内可以轻易提出其他的实例,但这种实例都包括在本发明的范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.具有下述结构的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物:
。
2.权利要求1所述的环状氮杂环卡宾银配合物在制备Cu2+荧光探针方面的应用。
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