CN108276342A - 一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件 - Google Patents

一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件 Download PDF

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CN108276342A
CN108276342A CN201810297265.0A CN201810297265A CN108276342A CN 108276342 A CN108276342 A CN 108276342A CN 201810297265 A CN201810297265 A CN 201810297265A CN 108276342 A CN108276342 A CN 108276342A
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孙可
孙可一
蔡辉
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Changchun Haipurunsi Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件,属于有机光电材料技术领域。本发明提供的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,结构中含有蒽环,蒽环是一种性能优异的蓝光材料母核结构,有着较高的三线态能级和较宽的能隙,分子中通过连接苯并咪唑基团,增加了结构的电子传输能力,使得载流子传输平衡。与现有技术相比,将其应用于有机发光器件,特别是作为发光层中的蓝色客体材料使用,具有相对较高的发光效率。

Description

一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件
技术领域
本发明涉及有机光电材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光是指有机材料在电场作用下,受到电流和电场的激发而发光的现象。有机电致发光二极管(OLED)是利用这种现象实现显示的新一代显示技术。自1987年美国Kodak公司Tang C.W.和Vanslyke S.A.制作了第一个性能优良的有机电致发光器件以来,有机电致发光显示由于其具有的优点引起了人们的极大兴趣。
目前来看,红光和绿光的发光材料由于其性能优秀,已经在商业上有所应用。相对来说,蓝光材料较为缺乏,以蓝色磷光发光物为代表的FIrpic等材料,虽然发光效率很高,但寿命较短,效率滚降严重,限制了其进一步的应用。而蓝光荧光客体材料虽然普遍寿命较长,但需要材料兼具宽能隙和高热稳定性,这就是蓝光荧光客体材料的开发难点。此外,作为客体材料,提高电子与空穴的传输能力,尤其是提高电子的迁移率从而平衡电子与空穴的传输能力十分重要。因此,如何设计新的性能更好的蓝光材料,一直是本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料及其有机发光器件,采用本发明所述有机电致发光材料制备的有机发光器件,具有更高的发光效率。
本发明首先提供了一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其结构通式如I所示:
L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
CY为未取代的C6-C30芳基;
X1、X2独立的选自氧、硫、N-L1-R1、N-L1-R2中的一种;
L1为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
R1,R2独立的选自取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳胺、取代或未取代的C3-C30杂芳基中的一种。
优选的,所述的L选自单键、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的中的一种。
优选的,所述的L1选自取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的基中的一种。
优选的,所述的CY选自苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基中的一种。
优选的,所述的R1,R2独立的选自如下所述基团:
R3,R4独立的选自氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基、荧蒽基、苝基、二苯胺基、三苯胺基、咔唑基、联咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、吲哚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、二甲基吖啶基、二苯基吖啶基、二甲基芴基、二苯基芴基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯醚基、二苯硫醚基、二苯砜基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基或菲罗啉基;
n选自0-5的整数;
m选自0-4的整数;
p选自0-3的整数;
Y选自O、S、N(Ph)、C(CH3)2或C(Ph)2
*表示键合位点。
优选的,所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,选自如下结构中的任意一种:
发明还提供一种含蒽结构的有机发光器件,包括第一电极、第二电极和置于所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的一个或多个有机化合物层,至少一个有机化合物层含有所述有机电致发光材料。
优选的,所述有机化合物层包括发光层,所述发光层中含有所述有机电致发光材料。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,结构中含有蒽环,蒽环是一种性能优异的蓝光材料母核结构,有着较高的三线态能级和较宽的能隙,分子中通过连接苯并咪唑基团,增加了结构的电子传输能力,使得载流子传输平衡。与现有技术相比,将其应用于有机发光器件,特别是作为发光层中的蓝色客体材料使用,具有相对较高的发光效率。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明首先提供一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,结构通式如I所示:
L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
CY为未取代的C6-C30芳基;
X1、X2独立的选自氧、硫、N-L1-R1、N-L1-R2中的一种;
L1为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
R1,R2独立的选自取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳胺、取代或未取代的C3-C30杂芳基中的一种。
按照本发明,所述芳基是指芳烃分子的芳核碳上去掉一个氢原子后,剩下一价基团的总称,其可以为单环芳基或稠环芳基,例如可选自苯基、联苯基、萘基、蒽基、蒽基或蒽基等,但不限于此。
所述芳胺是指具有芳香性取代基的胺,即-NH2、-NH-或含氮基团连接到芳香烃上,例如可选自苯胺、萘胺、三苯胺。
所述杂芳基是指芳香族烃基中的一个或多个芳核碳被杂原子替代得到的基团的总称,所述杂原子包括但不限于氧、硫和氮原子,所述芳族杂环可以为单环或稠环,例如可选自咔唑基、咔唑并吲哚基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯并二氧化噻吩基、吩噻嗪基、二氧化吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、吖啶基、二甲基吖啶基、二苯基吖啶基、二苯并哌啶基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、喹啉基、三嗪基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、三氮唑基、吲哚基、蒽罗啉基、异喹啉基,但不限于此。
所述取代基是指有机化合物基团除去一个或几个-H而形成的基团,如甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、苯并菲基、苯并蒽基、菲基、苯并蒽基、荧蒽基、苝基、甲苯基、甲氧基、甲硫基、苯氧基、苯硫基、芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9-二苯基芴基、二苯胺基、二甲胺基、咔唑基、咔唑并吲哚基、苯基取代咔唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯并二氧噻吩基、氰基、氟基、氘基、二苯基氧膦基、苯基砜基、苯基亚砜基、三苯基硅基、三甲基硅基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、吖啶基、二甲基吖啶、二苯基吖啶、二苯并哌啶基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、三嗪基、、噁唑基、噻唑基、噁二唑基、噻二唑基、三氮唑基、联苯基、三联苯基、吲哚基、茚基、蒽罗啉基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、硝基等,但不限于此。
优选的,所述的L选自单键、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的中的一种。
优选的,所述的L1选自取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的基中的一种。
优选的,所述的CY选自苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基中的一种。
优选的,所述的R1,R2独立的选自如下所述基团:
优选的,所述一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,选自如下结构中的任意一种:
R3,R4独立的选自氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基、荧蒽基、苝基、二苯胺基、三苯胺基、咔唑基、联咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、吲哚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、二甲基吖啶基、二苯基吖啶基、二甲基芴基、二苯基芴基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯醚基、二苯硫醚基、二苯砜基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基或菲罗啉基;
n选自0-5的整数;
m选自0-4的整数;
p选自0-3的整数;
Y选自O、S、N(Ph)、C(CH3)2或C(Ph)2
*表示键合位点。
优选的,所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,选自如下结构中的任意一种:
本发明所述一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料的制备方法,包括所示的原料通过如下路线反应生成式I所示的一种有机电致发光材料:
L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
CY为未取代的C6-C30芳基;
X1、X2独立的选自氧、硫、N-L1-R1、N-L1-R2中的一种;
L1为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
R1,R2独立的选自取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳胺、取代或未取代的C3-C30杂芳基中的一种。
9,10-二溴蒽首先和正丁基锂交换成锂试剂,在和DMF反应生成相应的醛。得到的产品和双氨基化合物缩合得到相应的苯基咪唑;和邻氨基苯酚反应缩合得到相应的苊唑。
本发明还提供一种有机发光器件,所述有机发光器件为本领域技术人员所熟知的有机发光器件即可。本发明所述有机发光器件包括第一电极、第二电极和置于两电极之间的一个或多个有机化合物层,至少一个有机化合物层包含至少一种本发明所述的有机电致发光材料。所述有机化合物层优选包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层与电子注入层中的至少一层,优选所述的发光层或电子传输层中含有本发明所述的有机电致发光材料。
实施例1:化合物1的制备
Step1.将1-3,100mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂150mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水500mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品1-2,70mmol。
Step2.产品1-2,70mmol,1-1,140mmol,溶解于DMF与水为9:1(v/v)的混合溶剂中中,加热到80℃,通入氧气,搅拌反应6小时,反应完成后,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到产品1,35mmol。
实施例2:化合物2的制备
Step1.取均2-0,100mmol,加入1当量的溴苯,300mmol叔丁醇钾,1mmol Pd2(dba)3,甲苯,氩气置换三次,加入4mmol三叔丁基膦,再次氩气置换三次,回流温度下反应10h,粗产品过硅胶柱,得到产品80mmol化合物2-1。
Step2.将1-3,100mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂150mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水500mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品1-2,70mmol。
Step3.产品1-2,40mmol,2-1,80mmol,溶解于DMF与水为9:1(v/v)的混合溶剂中中,加热到80℃,通入氧气,搅拌反应6小时,反应完成后,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到产品2,25mmol。
实施例3:化合物5的制备
Step1.在氮气保护下,取1-3,100mmol,对氯苯硼酸,100mmol,碳酸钾300mol,四三苯基磷钯1mol,超声除氧的甲苯,乙醇、水混合溶剂,搅拌溶解,置换空气三次,回流反应6h。冷却至室温,加入足量二氯甲烷使得产品完全溶解,过少量硅胶漏斗,除掉催化剂和盐。滤液浓缩至粘稠状,过柱层析,得到产品,5-3,85mmol。
Step2.将5-3,85mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂100mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水200mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品5-2,50mmol。
Step3.5-2,50mmol,1-1,100mmol,溶解于DMF与水为9:1(v/v)的混合溶剂中中,加热到80℃,通入氧气,搅拌反应6小时,反应完成后,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到产品5,25mmol。
实施例4:化合物8的制备
同实施例1。将Step1.中的化合物1-1替换成
实施例5:化合物13的制备
Step1.将1-3,100mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂150mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水500mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品1-2,70mmol。
Step2.产品1-2,70mmol,13-3,140mmol,溶解于DMF与水为9:1(v/v)的混合溶剂中中,加热到80℃,通入氧气,搅拌反应6小时,反应完成后,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到产品13-2,50mmol。
Step3.在氮气保护下,产品28-2,50mmol,咔唑50mmol,碳酸钾150mol,四三苯基磷钯0.5mol,超声除氧的甲苯,乙醇、水混合溶剂,搅拌溶解,置换空气三次,回流反应6h。冷却至室温,加入足量二氯甲烷使得产品完全溶解,过少量硅胶漏斗,除掉催化剂和盐。滤液浓缩至粘稠状,过柱层析,得到产品13-1,40mmol。
Step4.将产品13-1,40mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂55mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,逐步升温到0℃,加入去离子水100mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品13,20mmol。
实施例6:化合物31的制备
Step1.将1-3,100mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂150mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水500mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品1-2,70mmol。
Step2.产品1-2,70mmol,13-3,140mmol,溶解于DMF与水为9:1(v/v)的混合溶剂中中,加热到80℃,通入氧气,搅拌反应6小时,反应完成后,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到产品31-2,50mmol。
Step3.在氮气保护下,产品31-2,50mmol,9-苯基-3-硼酸咔唑,50mmol,碳酸钾150mol,四三苯基磷钯0.5mol,超声除氧的甲苯,乙醇、水混合溶剂,搅拌溶解,置换空气三次,回流反应6h。冷却至室温,加入足量二氯甲烷使得产品完全溶解,过少量硅胶漏斗,除掉催化剂和盐。滤液浓缩至粘稠状,过柱层析,得到产品31-1,40mmol。
Step4.将产品31-1,40mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂55mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,逐步升温到0℃,加入去离子水100mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品31,20mmol。
实施例7:化合物45的制备
Step1.将1-3,100mmol溶解于无水THF中,冷却到-78℃,滴加正丁基锂150mmol,在此温度下反应1小时,加入2当量的DMF,逐步升温到0℃,反应过夜,反应完成后加入去离子水500mmol,反应完成后,加入DCM萃取,有机相旋干,过柱层析,得到的产品1-2,70mmol。
Step2.将邻氨基苯酚,150mmol,1-2,70mmol,和纳米MnO2颗粒1mmol溶解于乙腈中。80W的超声处理24小时,反应混合物降温到室温,过滤,滤液倒入冰水中,粗品过滤,用乙醇和水的混合体系重结晶,得到产品45,40mmol。.
表1本发明实施例制备的化合物FD-MS值
化合物 FD-MS
1 M/z:562.32,C40H26N4(562.22)
2 M/z:762.03,C56H34N4(762.28)
5 M/z:730.33,C53H38N4(730.31)
8 M/z:678.51,C49H34N4(678.28)
13 M/z:743.25,C53H37N5(743.30)
31 M/z:803.26,C58H37N5(803.30)
45 M/z:412.53,C28H16N2O2(412.12)
对比应用实施例1:
将ITO玻璃基板放在蒸馏水中清洗2次,超声波洗涤30分钟,蒸馏水清洗结束后,异丙醇、丙酮、甲醇等溶剂按顺序超声波洗涤以后干燥,转移到等离子体清洗机里,将上述基板洗涤5分钟,送到蒸镀机里。
在已经准备好的ITO透明电极上依次蒸镀空穴注入层TPT-1蒸镀空穴传输层NPB蒸镀发光层材料ADN:5%DPAP-DPPA然后蒸镀电子传输层Alq3 阴极上述过程有机物蒸镀速度是保持LiF是Al是
应用实例1:
在已经准备好的ITO透明电极上依次蒸镀空穴注入层TPT-1蒸镀空穴传输层NPB蒸镀发光层材料ADN:5%化合物1然后蒸镀电子传输层Alq3 阴极上述过程有机物蒸镀速度是保持LiF是Al是
应用实例2:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物2。
应用实例3:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物5。
应用实例4:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物8。
应用实例5:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物13。
应用实例6:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物31。
应用实例7:
将实施例1中的化合物1更改为化合物45。
测量实施例1:对比样品以及样品的发光性能
对比样品以及样品是采用Keithley SMU235,PR650评价发光效率,结果列于表2中:
表2本发明实施例制备的发光器件的发光特性
虽然本发明用示范性实施方案进行了特别的描述,但应该理解在不偏离权利要求所限定的本发明的精神与范围的情况下,本领域普通技术人员可对其进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (8)

1.一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其结构通式如I所示:
L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
CY为未取代的C6-C30芳基;
X1、X2独立的选自氧、硫、N-L1-R1、N-L1-R2中的一种;
L1为取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基;
R1,R2独立的选自取代或未取代的C6-C30芳基、取代或未取代的C6-C30芳胺、取代或未取代的C3-C30杂芳基中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,
L选自单键、取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,
L1选自取代或未取代的苯基、取代或未取代的萘基、取代或未取代的蒽基、取代或未取代的菲基、取代或未取代的芘基、取代或未取代的基中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,
CY选自苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,R1,R2独立的选自如下所述基团:
R3,R4独立的选自氢、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芘基、基、荧蒽基、苝基、二苯胺基、三苯胺基、咔唑基、联咔唑基、苯并咔唑基、吲哚基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、二甲基吖啶基、二苯基吖啶基、二甲基芴基、二苯基芴基、二苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯醚基、二苯硫醚基、二苯砜基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基或菲罗啉基;
n选自0-5的整数;
m选自0-4的整数;
p选自0-3的整数;
Y选自O、S、N(Ph)、C(CH3)2或C(Ph)2
*表示键合位点。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,选自如下结构中的任意一种:
7.一种含蒽结构的有机发光器件,包括第一电极、第二电极和置于所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间的一个或多个有机化合物层,其特征在于,至少一个有机化合物层含有如权利要求1至6任一项中所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料。
8.根据权利要求7中所述的一种含蒽结构的有机发光器件,其特征在于,所述有机化合物层包括发光层,所述发光层中含有如权利要求1至6任一项中所述的一种含蒽结构的有机电致发光材料。
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TWI651392B (zh) * 2018-07-18 2019-02-21 元智大學 含苯並咪唑或硼酯蒽衍生物及發光二極體上元件
CN109384726A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2019-02-26 吉林奥来德光电材料股份有限公司 一种有机发光化合物及其制备方法和有机电致发光器件
CN112250640A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-01-22 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 一种化合物、发光层主体材料和有机电致发光器件
WO2022203245A1 (ko) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-29 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자
CN115394933A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-25 上海辉纳思光电科技有限公司 基于蒽-苯并咪唑为核的光电材料制备的量子点发光器件
CN115974805A (zh) * 2021-10-12 2023-04-18 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 一种蒽类化合物

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109384726A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2019-02-26 吉林奥来德光电材料股份有限公司 一种有机发光化合物及其制备方法和有机电致发光器件
TWI651392B (zh) * 2018-07-18 2019-02-21 元智大學 含苯並咪唑或硼酯蒽衍生物及發光二極體上元件
CN112250640A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-01-22 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 一种化合物、发光层主体材料和有机电致发光器件
WO2022203245A1 (ko) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-29 주식회사 엘지화학 유기 발광 소자
CN115974805A (zh) * 2021-10-12 2023-04-18 烟台显华化工科技有限公司 一种蒽类化合物
CN115394933A (zh) * 2022-09-15 2022-11-25 上海辉纳思光电科技有限公司 基于蒽-苯并咪唑为核的光电材料制备的量子点发光器件

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