CN108273186B - 用于近距离放射治疗额可植入紧固件、施用器和方法 - Google Patents

用于近距离放射治疗额可植入紧固件、施用器和方法 Download PDF

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CN108273186B
CN108273186B CN201810004362.6A CN201810004362A CN108273186B CN 108273186 B CN108273186 B CN 108273186B CN 201810004362 A CN201810004362 A CN 201810004362A CN 108273186 B CN108273186 B CN 108273186B
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斯坦尼斯洛娃·科斯切夫斯基
杰拉尔德·霍奇金森
李安·奥尔森
拉塞尔·普里巴尼奇
马修·乔瓦尼奇
罗伯托·佩德罗斯
托马斯·坎帕内利
戴维·尼古拉斯
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Abstract

一种紧固件施用器包含:本体部分,包含手柄组合件;滤筒组合件,支撑在所述本体部分内,所述滤筒组合件包含可植入紧固件;驱动组合件,支撑在所述本体部分内且在操作上耦合到所述滤筒组合件以啮合所述可植入紧固件;以及致动组合件,支撑在所述手柄组合件内且在操作上耦合到所述驱动组合件以在致动了所述致动组合件之后即刻发射最远端的可植入紧固件。所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个包含:主体,包含组织对向表面;组织穿透部分,从所述主体延伸;以及胶囊,附着到所述主体的所述组织对向表面,所述胶囊包含放射性材料。

Description

用于近距离放射治疗额可植入紧固件、施用器和方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2017年6月2日提交的第62/514,089号美国临时专利申请、2017年1月30日提交的第62/451,936号美国临时专利申请、2017年1月5日提交的第62/442,610号美国临时专利申请的权益和优先权,所述美国临时专利申请的整个公开内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及手术插入物、钉、夹片或紧固件,且更具体地说,涉及包含低剂量近距离放射治疗胶囊的可植入紧固件和用于所述紧固件的紧固件施用器。
背景技术
一般来说,近距离放射治疗是先进形式的癌症治疗。具体地说,放射性种子(单独或并入在缝合线、扶壁等等内)放置于癌症部位自身中或附近,在所述部位中放射性种子将相对低剂量的辐射直接发射到癌症部位,同时减少包围的健康组织暴露于辐射。
取决于待治疗的潜发癌症和潜发的组织,已针对放射性种子的放置且针对由放射性种子发射的辐射级而开发出特定的放射量测定准则。一般来说,放射性种子相对于彼此按预定义距离放置以便实现有效的放射量测定。
因此,并有放射性种子的改善的结构和在癌症部位处或附近放置那些结构的方法可以是有利的。
发明内容
根据本公开而提供了具有包含放射性种子的近距离放射治疗胶囊的可植入紧固件。具有近距离放射治疗胶囊的所述可植入紧固件使用根据本公开的紧固件施用器来个别地放置于癌症部位处。
根据本公开的一方面,提供一种紧固件施用器,且所述紧固件施用器包含:本体部分,所述包含包含手柄总成;滤筒总成,其支撑在所述本体部分内,所述滤筒总成包含可植入紧固件;驱动总成,其支撑在所述本体部分内且在操作上耦合到所述滤筒总成以啮合所述可植入紧固件;以及致动总成,其支撑在所述手柄总成内且在操作上耦合到所述驱动总成以在致动了所述致动总成之后即刻发射最远端可植入紧固件。所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个包含:主体,其包含组织对向表面;组织穿透部分,其从所述主体延伸;以及胶囊,其附着到所述主体的所述组织对向表面,所述胶囊包含放射性材料。
在某些实施例中,所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个可以是手术钉并包含配置成向目标手术部位提供一定剂量的辐射的放射性材料。
在一些实施例中,所述多个可植入紧固件中的至少一个的所述主体包含具有所述组织对向表面的后跨部,所述组织对向表面界定沿着其至少一部分延伸的扁平表面,所述扁平表面提供用于将所述胶囊附着到所述后跨部的所述组织对向表面上的增大的表面区域。
在实施例中,所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个的所述组织穿透部分包含从所述后跨部的第一端部延伸的第一支腿和从所述后跨部的第二端部延伸的第二支腿,其中所述第一支腿与所述第二支腿大体上在相同的方向上从所述后跨部延伸。
在某些实施例中,所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个的所述组织穿透部分包含未成形条件和成形条件,在所述未成形条件中所述第一支腿与所述第二支腿大体上彼此平行,并彼此间隔开某段相对距离,在所述成形条件中所述第一支腿与所述第二支腿是辐射状的,且相对紧密地接近彼此和所述后跨部。
在一些实施例中,放射性材料贯穿所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个分散,使得所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个的整体发射辐射。
在实施例中,所述可植入紧固件包含第一可植入紧固件和第二可植入紧固件,所述第一可植入紧固件具有充足的机械强度已将组织固持在一起,所述第二可植入紧固件使所述胶囊附着于其上以将所述剂量的辐射提供给所述目标手术部位。
在某些实施例中,所述手术钉的所述第一支腿和所述第二支腿中的每一个包含第一部分和第二部分,所述第一支腿的所述第一部分和所述第二支腿的所述第一部分成角度地远离所述后跨部延伸,使得所述第一支腿所述第一部分与所述第二支腿的所述第一部分重叠,所述第一支腿和所述第二支腿的所述第二部分分别从所述第一支腿和所述第二支腿中的每一个的所述第一部分朝向所述后跨部延伸。
根据本公开的另一方面,一种在手术部位处执行手术过程的方法包含:将紧固件施用器定位在组织中的开口内,所述紧固件施用器负载有可植入紧固件,每个可植入紧固件具有:主体,其包含组织对向表面;组织穿透部分,其从所述主体延伸;以及胶囊,其附着到所述主体的所述组织对向表面,所述胶囊包含放射性材料。所述方法进一步包含:定位所述手术部位的第一目标;以及发射所述紧固件施用器以将第一可植入紧固件紧固到所述手术部位的所述第一目标,使得附着于所述紧固件上的所述胶囊与邻近于所述手术部位的所述第一目标的组织接触。
在实施例中,所述方法进一步包含:定位所述手术部位的第二目标;将所述紧固件施用器重新定位到所述手术部位的所述第二目标;以及将所述紧固件施用器重新定位到所述手术部位的所述第二目标。
在某些实施例中,所述方法进一步包含:定位所述手术部位的多个目标;将所述紧固件施用器重新定位到所述手术部位的所述多个目标;以及以任何配置、任何图案或任何量来布置所述可植入紧固件。
附图说明
将参考附图进一步描述本公开,其中在若干视图中类似的参考标号指类似的部分,且其中:
图1A是未成形条件下的根据本公开的实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图1B是成形条件下的图1A的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图1C是图1A的可植入紧固件的后跨部的透视图,所述透视图说明其组织对向表面;
图2A到2B是图1A的可植入紧固件的透视图,所述透视图说明在后跨部的各种位置处附着到可植入紧固件的胶囊;
图3A是未成形条件下的根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图3B是成形条件下的图3A的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图4A是未成形条件下的根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图4B是成形条件下的图4A的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图5是根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图6是根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图7是根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图8是根据本公开的另一实施例的可植入紧固件的透视图;
图9是根据本公开的实施例的紧固件施用器的透视图,所述施用器用于施加图1A到2B的可植入紧固件;
图10是部件分离的图6的紧固件施用器的内窥镜轴总成的分解视图;
图11是部件分离的图6的紧固件施用器的滤筒总成的分解视图;
图12是发射可植入紧固件之前图8的滤筒总成的远端部分的侧视横截面图;
图13是图8的滤筒总成的远端部分的俯视横截面图,其说明形成于组织中的可植入紧固件;
图14是根据本公开的另一实施例的紧固件施用器的透视图,所述施用器用于施加图3A到4B的可植入紧固件;
图15是根据本公开的另一实施例的紧固件施用器的透视图,所述施用器用于施加图5到8的可植入紧固件,包含用于负载图5到7的可植入紧固件的滤筒总成的实施例;且
图16是用于负载图8的可植入紧固件的图15的紧固件施用器的滤筒总成的另一实施例的透视图。
具体实施方式
现将参看图式来详细地描述当前公开的可植入紧固件和紧固件施用器的实施例,在图式中类似的参考标号表示若干视图中的每一个中的相同或对应元件。在图式中且在随后的描述中,术语“近端”将指可植入紧固件和紧固件施用器的最接近于操作员的末端,而术语“远端”将指可植入紧固件和紧固件施用器的最远离操作员的末端。
根据本公开,如图1A到1C中所说明,提供可植入紧固件100的实施例,且其大体上包含主体102和从主体102延伸的组织穿透部分104。主体102包含冠面或后跨部106,且组织穿透部分104包含从后跨部106的第一端部106a延伸的第一支腿108和从后跨部106的第二端部106b延伸的第二支腿110。第一支腿108与第二支腿110可在相同方向上,例如从后跨部106远端地延伸。
后跨部106包含被配置成用于在上面固定地支撑胶囊112的顶部或组织对向表面106c。据设想,胶囊112包含辐射源,如将在下文详述。胶囊112使用激光焊接或其它合适的方法附着到后跨部106的组织对向表面106c。在一些实施例中,如图1C中所说明,组织对向表面106可包含沿着其至少一部分延伸且被配置成提供用于在上面附着胶囊112的增大的表面区域的扁平表面106d。在实施例中,胶囊112可使用扣合啮合来附着到后跨部106的部分,例如组织对向表面106的扁平表面106d。后跨部106可接着被加热或压接以降低胶囊112从可植入紧固件100位错和迁移的机率。预期将胶囊112附着在后跨部106的组织对向表面106c上可以是有利的,这是因为其使得胶囊112能够与例如组织等等(见图10)的目标手术部位直接接触。举例来说,预期胶囊112与目标手术部位之间的直接接触可向目标手术部位提供辐射的受控、均匀的剂量,同时避免正常包围性结构的相当大的剂量。进一步预期胶囊112与目标手术部位之间的直接接触可提供从辐射源到目标手术部位的剂量的减小的衰减。替代地,如图2A和2B中所展示,胶囊112可附着到后跨部106的底表面106e或侧表面106f。虽然图中未具体展示,但是预期第一支腿108、第二支腿110可使用激光焊接、压接或其它合适的方法直接附着到胶囊112上。
可植入紧固件100可具有未成形条件,如图1A中所展示,其中第一支腿108与第二支腿110彼此平行或大体上平行,且彼此间隔开某段相对距离。可植入紧固件100可具有成形条件,如图1B中所展示,其中第一支腿108与第二支腿110是辐射状的,且相对紧密地接近彼此和后跨部106。
可植入紧固件100可从可成形材料制造,可成形材料例如钛、不锈钢或聚合物。以此方式,当在未成形条件下时,可在目标容器或组织上方引入可植入紧固件100,并接着使可植入紧固件100形成或紧固到目标容器或组织上以将可植入紧固件100紧固到目标容器或组织。预期可植入紧固件100可从所属领域的技术人员已知的任何不可降解、生物兼容性材料制造。进一步预期可植入紧固件100或其任何部分可由例如镁等可降解材料形成。
根据本公开,如图1A到2B中所说明和上文所提及,可植入紧固件100可包含具有辐射源的胶囊112。胶囊112可以是近距离放射治疗胶囊或种子,并包含在其中安置的放射性材料112a。放射性材料112a可包含数个放射性同位素中的任一个。可能的低剂量同位素包含但不限于铯131(131Cs)、铱192(192Ir)、碘125(125I)钯103(103Pd)和镱169(169Yb)。取决于同位素和所期望的曝光,疗法剂量可范围介于80到150Gy。可植入紧固件100可具有各种目标能量以提供计划治疗的灵活性。据设想,辐射场的特定强度和/或辐射场的特定几何形状可以是放射性材料112a的功能。进一步设想,胶囊112可被设定尺寸以便确定发射出的辐射的几何形状或发射出的辐射的强度。预期胶囊112的长度可小于后跨部106的长度以便不干扰可植入紧固件100的成形。
虽然图中未具体展示,但是预期第一支腿108、第二支腿110和/或后跨部106可包含用于收纳胶囊112或放射性材料112a的一个或多个空腔。胶囊112的放置的任何其它组合以及可植入紧固件100中的胶囊112的集成也被预期,且处于本公开的范围内。
进一步设想,可处理可植入紧固件100使得可植入紧固件100的整体发射来自贯穿可植入紧固件100分散的放射性材料112a的辐射。举例来说,且在本公开的范围内,可处理可植入紧固件100以便确定发射出的辐射的强度。具体地说,在实施例中,可植入紧固件100可以是从放射性生物兼容性材料制造的聚合性手术夹片。
预期在其中安置有放射性材料112a的可植入紧固件100可以是可使用例如X射线等等成像技术来定位的。在可植入紧固件100不包含放射性材料112a的实施例中,可植入紧固件100可涂布有例如金等材料,或涂布有有色氧化物层以使可植入紧固件100相对更可见。金涂层或其它涂层可用以在跟踪工序期间实现对可植入紧固件100的放射性定位。以此方式,可植入紧固件100可充当信托标记。
根据本公开,通过将可植入紧固件100紧固到目标容器或组织上,可基于胶囊112的活性和同位素材料而将治疗剂量的辐射施加到已设定位置和已知体积的组织。
在实施例中,包含胶囊112的可植入紧固件100起到在移除了癌症肿瘤之后向例如肿瘤或向切除部位施加局部治疗剂量的辐射的作用。因而,包含胶囊112的那些可植入紧固件100需要仅充足的机械强度以将胶囊112紧固在适当的位置,并可不意图将组织固持在一起。但是,多个可植入紧固件100可包含被设计成具有充足的机械强度以组织固持在一起的一个或多个可植入紧固件100。替代地,包含胶囊112的可植入紧固件100可被设计成具有充足的机械强度以组织固持在一起同时还将胶囊112紧固在适当的位置。
可植入紧固件100可被施加或紧固到具有肿瘤生长或疑似包含癌细胞的任何数目个非织物,例如肺组织、实体器官、肠胃组织和软组织。
根据本公开,据设想可植入紧固件100可由临床医生在预定位置处单独地且个别地施加。预期胶囊112具有具有已知辐射强度和几何形状的已设定三维场,因而,包含胶囊112的多个可植入紧固件100可施加到目标组织以向目标手术部位提供辐射的受控、均匀的剂量。
预期可以任何配置、任何图案或任何量来施加或布置可植入紧固件100以实现预期的目的。举例来说,可植入紧固件100可布置于例如直线、拱形、三角形、矩形、圆形或其它配置中。进一步预期可植入紧固件100可彼此按相同距离紧固到目标组织,以实现所期望的放射量测定。替代地,可植入紧固件100可彼此按各种距离或其组合紧固到目标组织。
根据本公开,虽然已详细展示并描述了呈可植入紧固件100形式的可植入紧固件,但是预期可植入紧固件可包含并不限于手术钉、手术线圈等等。如上文提到且如本文所预期,可植入紧固件中的任一个可从生物兼容性材料制造,例如钛、不锈钢或聚合物。同样地,如上文提到且如本文所预期,可植入紧固件中的任一个可在其中并入有或在其上制程具有放射性材料112a的胶囊112,或可被处理使得可植入紧固件的整体发射辐射。
举例来说,参考图3A和3B,展示呈“B形”手术钉形式的可植入紧固件,且一般将其表示为200。类似于可植入紧固件100,可植入紧固件200可大体上包含主体202和从主体202延伸的组织穿透部分204。主体202包含冠面或后跨部206,且组织穿透部分204包含从后跨部206的第一端部206a延伸的第一支腿208和从后跨部206的第二端部206b延伸的第二支腿210。
根据本公开,类似于胶囊112的至少一个胶囊212可附着到后跨部206的组织对向表面206c。胶囊212可包含放射性材料212a。另外地或替代性地,进一步设想,可处理可植入紧固件200使得可植入紧固件200的整体发射来自贯穿可植入紧固件200分散的放射性材料的辐射。举例来说,可处理可植入紧固件200以便确定发射出的辐射的强度。
可植入紧固件200可具有未成形条件,如图3A中所展示,其中第一支腿208与第二支腿210彼此平行或大体上平行,且彼此间隔开某段相对距离。可植入紧固件200可具有成形条件,如图3B中所展示,其中第一支腿208与第二支腿210是辐射状的,且相对紧密地接近彼此和后跨部206以界定大体上B形的结构。
可植入紧固件200可从例如钛、不锈钢或聚合物制造。在实施例中,可植入紧固件200可以是从放射性生物兼容性材料制造的聚合性手术针。现列举数例,不可降解的生物相容性聚合物一些实例包含聚烯烃,例如聚乙烯和聚丙烯、尼龙、聚酯、硅树脂、聚酰亚胺、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚邻苯二甲酰胺、聚氨基甲酸酯、PTFE、聚醚砜、聚砜、PEEK。
作为额外实例,参考图4A和4B,展示呈“W形”手术钉形式的可植入紧固件,且一般将其表示为300。类似于可植入紧固件100、200,可植入紧固件300可大体上包含主体302和从主体302延伸的组织穿透部分304。主体302包含冠面或后跨部306,且组织穿透部分304包含具有第一部分308a和第二部分308b的第一支腿308和具有第一部分310a和第二部分310b的第二支腿310。第一支腿308的第一部分308a从后跨部306的第一端部306a延伸并耦合到第一支腿308的第二部分308b的近端部分309a。类似地,第二支腿310的第一部分310a从后跨部306的第二端部306b延伸并耦合到第二支腿310的第二部分3010b的近端部分311a。
根据本公开,类似于胶囊112、212的至少一个胶囊312可附着到后跨部306的组织对向表面306c。胶囊312可包含放射性材料312a。另外地或替代性地,进一步设想,可处理可植入紧固件300使得可植入紧固件300的整体发射来自贯穿可植入紧固件300分散的放射性材料的辐射。预期可处理可植入紧固件300以便确定发射出的辐射的强度。
在未成形条件下,如图4A中所展示,后跨部306分别相对于第一支腿308的近端部分309a和第二支腿310的近端部分311a处于近端位置中。具体地说,后跨部306相对紧密接近第一支腿308的第二部分308b的远端部分309b和第二支腿310的第二部分310b的远端部分311b。在未成形条件下,分别属于第一支腿308的第一部分308a和第二支腿310的第一部分310a成角度地远离后跨部306延伸,使得第一部分308a、310a彼此重叠,如图4A中所展示。另外,在未成形条件下,第一支腿308的第二部分308b和第二支腿310的第二部分310b分别彼此间隔开某段相对距离并朝向后跨部306延伸。
根据本公开,可植入紧固件300可具有成形条件,如图4B中所展示,其中后跨部306分别相对于第一支腿308的远端部分309b和第二支腿310的远端部分311b处于近端位置中。在成形条件下,第一支腿308的第二部分308b与第二支腿310的第二部分310b的至少一部分分别是辐射状的,且相对紧密地接近彼此。在成形条件下,如图4B中所展示,分别属于第一支腿308的第一部分308a和第二支腿310的第一部分310a与后跨部306彼此平行或大体上平行,且相对紧密地接近彼此和后跨部306。另外,在成形条件下,后跨部306与分别属于第一支腿308的第二部分308b的远端部分309b和与第二支腿310的第二部分310b的远端部分311b间隔开某段相对的距离。
作为额外实例,参考图5,展示呈手术线圈形式的可植入紧固件,且一般将其表示为400。具体地说,可植入紧固件400是螺旋形线圈紧固件。可植入紧固件400被设计成用于通过使可植入紧固件400旋转到目标组织中并穿过其来施加到组织。可植入紧固件400大体上包含在组织穿透部分404中终止的线圈本体部分402。组织穿透部分404包含穿透点404a。预期线圈本体部分402可包含一个或多个转角或线圈。
可植入紧固件400包含线圈本体部分402的与组织穿透部分404相对的一端处的柄脚406。柄脚406延伸朝向线圈本体部分402的中心大体上朝内延伸,并包含在其中界定的空腔406a。空腔406a通过插塞408封端或关闭,插塞408具有对应于柄脚406的空腔406a的开口的大小和形状的大小和形状。
根据本公开,至少一个胶囊410可安置于柄脚406的空腔406a内。类似于胶囊112、212、312,胶囊410包含放射性材料410a。另外地或替代性地,放射性材料410a可安置于可植入紧固件400的线圈本体部分402内或安置到线圈本体部分402上。进一步设想,可处理可植入紧固件400使得可植入紧固件400的整体发射来自贯穿可植入紧固件400分散的放射性材料410a的辐射。举例来说,且在本公开的范围内,可处理可植入紧固件400以便确定发射出的辐射的强度。
参考图6,在实施例中,可植入紧固件400可包含使用激光焊接或其它合适的方法附着到柄脚406'的外部表面的至少一个胶囊410'。具体地说,柄脚406'可包含沿着其至少一部分延伸且被配置成提供用于在上面附着胶囊410'的增大的表面区域的扁平表面406b。另外地或替代性地,至少一个胶囊410'可附着到线圈本体部分402的外部表面。类似于胶囊112、212、312、410,胶囊410'包含在其中安置的放射性材料410a'。胶囊410'通过插塞412封端或关闭,插塞412具有对应于胶囊410'的开口的大小和形状的大小和形状。在实施例中,插塞412是使用激光焊接、粘合剂或其它合适的方法附着到胶囊410'的相对端的倒置式顶盖。替代地,插塞412可包含配置成使放射性材料410a'保持安置于至少一个胶囊410'内的任何合适的配置。
在实施例中,提供可植入紧固件800,如图7中所说明。可植入紧固件800是类似于图5和6中说明的可植入紧固件400的螺旋形线圈紧固件。因此,可植入紧固件800大体上包含在组织穿透部分804中终止的线圈本体部分802。组织穿透部分804包含穿透点804a。预期预期线圈本体部分802可包含一个或多个转角或线圈。
可植入紧固件800包含线圈本体部分802的与组织穿透部分804相对的一端处的柄脚806。柄脚806延伸朝向线圈本体部分802的中心大体上朝内延伸,并包含配置成捕获并使至少一个胶囊810保持在邻近于柄脚806的空腔812内的压接部分808。在实施例中,胶囊810可邻近于柄脚806和在其周围形成的压接部分808而安置,以通过柄脚806与压接部分808之间的摩擦配合啮合将胶囊810紧固在空腔812内。替代地,压接部分808可在柄脚806周围形成以界定空腔812,且胶囊810可安置在压接部分808中。另外地或替代性地,胶囊810可使用激光焊接或其它合适的方法来紧固在空腔812内。在实施例中,压接部分808和柄脚806中的至少一个可包含沿着其至少一部分延伸且被配置成提供用于附着胶囊810的增大的表面区域的凹槽814。胶囊810类似于胶囊410'且配置成保持放射性材料810a安置在其中。
可植入紧固件400、800可从例如钛、不锈钢或聚合物制造。在实施例中,可植入紧固件400、800可以是从放射性生物兼容性材料制造的聚合性手术线圈。
参考图8,展示呈“S形”紧固件形式的可植入紧固件且一般将其表示为900。可植入紧固件900大体上包含主体902、第一支腿904和第二支腿906。主体902界定纵向轴线“A1-A1”并包含第一端部902a、相对的第二端部902b和在第一端部902a与第二端部902b之间纵向延伸的插管902c。
第一支腿904包含具有第一组织穿透尖端908a的第一组织穿透部分908,且第二支腿906包含具有第二组织穿透尖端910a的第二组织穿透部分910。第一支腿904大体上从主体902的第一端部902a且径向地朝向主体902的第二端部902b延伸,使得第一组织穿透尖端908a邻近于主体902的第二端部902b而安置。类似地,第二支腿906大体上从主体902的第二端部902b且径向地朝向主体902的第一端部902a延伸,使得第二组织穿透尖端910a邻近于主体902的第一端部902a而安置。预期第一组织穿透尖端908a与第二组织穿透尖端910a可安置于如图8中所展示的纵向轴线“A1-A1”的相同外侧上或纵向轴线“A1-A1”的相对外侧上。
根据本公开,至少一个胶囊912可安置于主体902的插管902c内,且通过压配合啮合、摩擦配合啮合或其它合适的方法紧固在插管902c中。胶囊912类似于胶囊410'、810且配置成保持放射性材料912a安置在其中。简要参考图16,在实施例中,胶囊912'在可植入紧固件900'负载到滤筒总成720'中之前安置于可植入紧固件900'的插管902c'内。替代地,胶囊912可在可植入紧固件900负载到滤筒总成中之后安置于主体902的插管902c内,如将在下文详述。
可植入紧固件900可从例如钛、不锈钢或聚合物制造。在实施例中,聚合物可包含具有大约四到五周活体内强度保持特征的可生物降解聚合物。
虽然已在本文中说明并描述呈手术钉和手术线圈等等形式的可植入紧固件,但是本公开的范围内的是,可植入紧固件还可包含两部分紧固件、大头钉、锁定铰接紧固件、钉等等。举例来说,在一个实施例中,可植入紧固件可包含具有聚合性和/或放射性材料的涂层的两部分聚合性紧固件。
为了放置本文中公开的可植入紧固件100,根据本公开,如图9中所说明,提供呈紧固件施用器500形式的手术设备。为了更详细地描述紧固件施用器500的实例的构造和操作,可参考第7,624,903号美国专利,所述美国专利的整个内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
紧固件施用器500包含:本体部分510,其具有手柄总成520;内窥镜轴总成530,其从手柄总成520延伸;滤筒总成540,其从内窥镜轴总成530延伸;以及致动总成550,其至少部分地支撑在手柄总成520内。
内窥镜轴总成530以可旋转方式连接到手柄总成520,使得内窥镜轴总成530可围绕其纵向轴线“X1-X1”旋转。滤筒总成540以可枢转方式连接到内窥镜轴总成530的远端部分,并可相对于内窥镜轴总成530的纵向轴线“X1-X1”枢转。在图9中,滤筒总成540展示为与内窥镜轴总成530的纵向轴线“X1-X1”大体对准,并另外以虚线展示以说明一系列移动或铰接。如所展示的滤筒总成540的枢转运动的总范围是大约90度,即,对每个中立侧45度。
参看图10,内窥镜轴总成530在分解视图中为方便说明起见而展示为部件分离,并包含上部外壳半剖面530a和下部外壳半剖面530b。驱动总成531定位于上部壳体半区段530a和下部壳体半区段530b内。驱动总成531大体上包含推动器或驱动杆532和砧座延伸部533,并在操作上耦合到滤筒总成540以啮合滤筒总成540中支撑的可植入紧固件100。
另外参考图11,驱动杆532具有推动器板534,推动器板534配置成在致动总成550的致动之后即刻啮合可植入紧固件100的最远端可植入紧固件100。如图11中所展示,砧座延伸部533包含被设置以以可枢转方式通过枢轴销533b以耦合滤筒总成540的远端部分533a。
继续参考图11,滤筒总成540适于支撑可植入紧固件100。根据本公开,可植入紧固件100以邻近堆叠关系定位。在一个实施例中,可植入紧固件100是堆叠的,使得相对于纵向轴线“X1-X1”形成大约45度的角度(见图12)。滤筒总成540进一步包含砧座板542,以用于围绕其形成可植入紧固件100。
现在参考图12和13,说明可植入紧固件100的推进和发射。在初始地致动致动总成550之后,即刻在远端推进推动器板534且在可植入紧固件100的远端推进最远端可植入紧固件100,其方式使得推动器板534替换最远端可植入紧固件100,由此保留可植入紧固件100的堆叠的完整性和位置。预期推动器板534一次仅啮合一个可植入紧固件100。
在进一步致动致动总成550之后,即刻足够地在远端推进长毛板534,以致使最远端可植入紧固件100穿透组织并在组织上成形以紧固胶囊112。具体地说,推动器板534包含一对焊盘534a、534b以促进将推进力传动到后跨部106的第一端部分106a和第二端部分106b。砧座板542被定位用于与后跨部106啮合,使得通过推动器板534的所述对焊盘534a、534b啮合可植入紧固件100与可植入紧固件100的第一端部分106a和第二端部分106b将致使可植入紧固件100以预定方式在组织周围成形并紧固。
为了放置本文中公开的可植入紧固件200、300,根据本公开,如图14中所说明,提供呈紧固件施用器600形式的手术设备。对于紧固件施用器600的实例的构造和操作的更详细描述,可参考第8,403,946号美国专利,所述美国专利的整个内容以引用的方式并入本文中。
紧固件施用器600包含手柄总成610和从手柄总成610延伸的内窥镜轴总成620。内窥镜轴总成620以可旋转方式连接到手柄总成610,使得内窥镜轴总成620可围绕其纵向轴线“X2-X2”旋转。内窥镜轴总成620可包含近端部分622和远端部分624。末端执行器626以可枢转方式连接到远端部分624,其中末端执行器626可相对于远端部分624铰接。
内窥镜轴总成620的末端执行器626可包含在其中预负载的一定量的可植入紧固件200、300(未展示),或可配置成选择性地收纳在其中负载有一定量的可植入紧固件200、300的滤筒总成(未展示)。举例来说,滤筒总成可负载有十个或更少个可植入紧固件200、300或任何数量的可植入紧固件200、300。
内窥镜轴总成620的末端执行器626可包含驱动总成,所述驱动总成配置成将单个最远端可植入紧固件200、300负载到一对夹钳628中并形成负载到所述对夹钳628中的可植入紧固件200、300。紧固件施用器600配置成在完全的发射次序期间发射并形成单个可植入紧固件200、300。在本文中公开的实施例中的任一个中,紧固件器械可以是开放式钉枪、内窥镜钉枪、施夹器仪表或其它类型的手术器械。在某些实施例中,本文中公开的紧固件可用于机器人手术系统中或配合电动化手术器械使用以一次施加一个紧固件或一次施加多个紧固件。在本文中公开的实施例中的任一个中,紧固件施夹器可被配置成允许外科医生决定到施加多少紧固件、和将在何处施加且将施加多少放射性胶囊或将施加的医疗或药学活性胶囊的其它类型。
为了放置根据本公开的可植入紧固件400、800、900,如图15中所说明,提供呈紧固件施用器700形式的手术设备。对于能够发射可植入紧固件400、800、900的紧固件施用器700的实例的构造和操作的更详细描述,可参考第5,830,221号美国专利,所述美国专利的整个内容以引用的方式并入本文中。紧固件施用器700可配备或预负载有可植入紧固件400、800,或可配置成选择性地收纳负载有可植入紧固件400、800的滤筒总成720。
参考图16,在实施例中,紧固件施用器700(图15)可配置成选择性地收纳预负载有多个可植入紧固件900的滤筒总成720'。滤筒总成720'包含延伸穿过其外部表面的多个端口740。每个端口740的配置和大小经过设置以与预负载到滤筒总成720'中的每个可植入紧固件900的主体902的相应插管902c纵向对准的。在多个可植入紧固件900预负载到滤筒总成720'中的情况下,多个胶囊912可通过多个端口740插入,且安置于多个可植入紧固件900的相应插管902c内。这种配置促进有效率地以多个胶囊912负载多个可植入紧固件900,而不必个别地处置每个可植入紧固件900。预期这种配置可促进净负荷的现场定制。
紧固件施用器700可配置成在完全发射次序期间发射或递送可植入紧固件400、800、900。紧固件施用器700还可配置成铰接以便促进从其发射可植入紧固件400、800、900。
根据本公开,本文中公开的可植入紧固件和紧固件施用器的组合为临床医生在所期望的目标手术部位处放置发出辐射的插入物方面提供相对大量的灵活性和定制性,插入物例如可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900,由此例如紧固件施用器500等紧固件施用器是可铰接和/或可旋转的,以为临床医生在放置发出辐射的插入物方面提供增大的灵活性和精确性。还预期紧固件可施配其它类型的药物治疗,例如药物活性剂。
举例来说,预期可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900的几何形状;以及紧固件施用器500、600、700的几何形状可被优化以一起用作用以最佳地用以将100、200、300、400、800、900彼此邻近地放置的位置导引件,其中胶囊112、212、316、410、410'、810、912具有已知几何形状和辐射场强,以实现有效的放射量测定。
根据本公开,可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900的放置位置不限于预定义几何形状、图案、密度等等。具体地说,如上文提到,可以任何几何形状、图案和/或密度来将可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900紧固到目标组织部位,如临床医生期望或需要。
通过实例,能够以任何几何形状、图案和/或密度来将可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900紧固到目标组织部位,例如肺切除手术过程中的肺组织,可相当适用于肺癌患者,其中许多肺癌病人遭受受损的肺容量且无法容许不必要的肺容量损耗,并可需要多行近距离放射治疗源以确保具有不充分窄的切缘的治疗。
在本文中公开的实施例中的任一个中,可植入紧固件100、200、300、400、800、900可并入到是电动手术系统或机器人手术系统的部分的装置中或配置成用于与所述装置一起使用。
应理解,可对本文中公开的实施例作出各种修改。因此,上文的描述不应被解释为限制性的,而仅仅是作为优选实施例的例证。所属领域的技术人员将设想在本文所附的权利要求书的范围和精神内的其它修改。

Claims (5)

1.一种紧固件施用器,包括:
本体部分,包含手柄组合件;
滤筒组合件,支撑在所述本体部分内,所述滤筒组合件包含可植入紧固件,至少一个可植入紧固件具有:
主体,包含具有组织对向表面的后跨部;
组织穿透部分,从所述主体延伸,所述组织穿透部分包含:
第一支腿,具有第一部分和第二部分以及使所述第一部分和所述第二部分相互连接的第一连接部分,所述第一部分从所述后跨部的第一端部延伸并且耦合到朝向所述后跨部延伸的所述第二部分;以及
第二支腿,具有第三部分和第四部分以及使所述第三部分和所述第四部分相互连接的第二连接部分,所述第三部分从所述后跨部的第二端部延伸并且耦合到朝向所述后跨部延伸的所述第四部分,其中:
在未成形条件下,所述第一支腿的所述第一部分和所述第二支腿的所述第三部分成角度地远离所述后跨部延伸,使得所述第一支腿的所述第一部分和所述第二支腿的所述第三部分交叉,所述第一支腿的所述第二部分和所述第二支腿的所述第四部分彼此间隔开,并且所述后跨部与所述第一支腿的所述第一连接部分和所述第二支腿的所述第二连接部分间隔开;并且
在成形条件下,所述后跨部与所述第一支腿的所述第一部分和所述第二支腿的所述第三部分彼此平行,并且所述第一支腿的所述第二部分与所述第二支腿的所述第四部分的至少一部分分别是辐射状的且彼此接近;以及
胶囊,附着到所述主体的所述组织对向表面,所述胶囊包含放射性材料;
驱动组合件,支撑在所述本体部分内且在操作上耦合到所述滤筒组合件以啮合所述可植入紧固件;以及
致动组合件,支撑在所述手柄组合件内且在操作上耦合到所述驱动组合件以在致动了所述致动组合件之后即刻发射最远端的可植入紧固件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的紧固件施用器,其中所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个是手术钉并包含配置成向目标手术部位提供一定剂量的辐射的放射性材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的紧固件施用器,其中所述组织对向表面界定沿着其至少一部分延伸的扁平表面,所述扁平表面提供用于将所述胶囊附着到所述后跨部的所述组织对向表面上的增大的表面区域。
4.根据权利要求1所述的紧固件施用器,其中放射性材料贯穿所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个分散,使得所述可植入紧固件中的至少一个的整体发射辐射。
5.根据权利要求1所述的紧固件施用器,其中所述可植入紧固件包含第一可植入紧固件和第二可植入紧固件,所述第一可植入紧固件具有充足的机械强度以将组织固持在一起,所述第二可植入紧固件使所述胶囊附着于其上以将一定剂量的辐射提供给目标手术部位。
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