CN108267372A - Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ - Google Patents
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267372A CN108267372A CN201810270421.4A CN201810270421A CN108267372A CN 108267372 A CN108267372 A CN 108267372A CN 201810270421 A CN201810270421 A CN 201810270421A CN 108267372 A CN108267372 A CN 108267372A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0037—Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ.The biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus carries out tension test mainly for thin-film material, test specimen to be tested is put between fixture upper plate component and fixture lower plate component during use and is fixed, twin shaft or uniaxial stretching are carried out to test specimen using stretching device, then the power suffered by test specimen on acting force detection apparatus detection draw direction is utilized, and passes through displacement detector and detects the change in size that test specimen generates on draw direction；Simultaneously, it is small due to stretching mechanical property testing instrument provided by the invention, it is compact-sized, it can be directly combined with Raman spectrometers, XRD, super depth-of-field microscope or light microscope, it realizes to develop the microscopic damage for being tested test specimen and carries out in-situ characterization, microscopic damage development law and failure mechanism for research material provide reference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical property tester device technical fields, and in particular, to a kind of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance is surveyed
Test instrument and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ.
Background technology
Textile material and thin-film material are the very extensive a kind of materials of routine use, in textile material plane, latitude and longitude
It is orthogonal.Due to latitude and longitude different properties, fabric is it is believed that orthotropic.Thin-film material is not bent firm
Degree is only capable of resisting pulling force.However in actual use, it is not destroyed by single form, but complex stress is total to
Same-action.This requires weaving or thin-film material there must be one kind to bear mechanical load and it is no more than and permits to deform or do not destroy
Ability, this ability is exactly the mechanical property of material, and it is to be understood that material mechanical property and influence material mechanical performance
Various factors, just must bond material failure mode, by contrived experiment come the mechanical property of Knowing material various aspects.
Wherein, tension test is then one of most widely used mechanical test method.Traditional tension test is general
It is carried out on universal testing machine, during experiment, standard sample is in vertical simultaneously by adjustment moving beam to appropriate location
Sample is clamped when centrally located, then loads and is stretched on standard sample, since tensile fatigue loading is more conform with
The real work situation of structural member and functor in actual production, so being often used in tension test.
In-situ mechanical test refers to pass through electricity to material for test progress Mechanics Performance Testing under micro-, nanoscale
The observation instruments such as sub- microscope act on load a kind of power that the microdeformation damage that lower material occurs carries out whole dynamic monitoring
Learn measuring technology.The deep Micromechanics behavior for disclosing various types of materials and its product of the technology, micromechanism of damage and its with load
Lotus acts on the correlation rule between material property.But this tensile test device volume is big, belongs to " ex situ " and stretches and surveys
Examination field, i.e., in the dynamic process of test, it is impossible to which, by means of scanning electron microscope, Raman spectrometer, laser co-focusing is shown
The micro-imagings component such as micro mirror, super depth-of-field microscope under tensile loads operating mode, carries out dynamic in real time in situ to test specimen
Monitoring.
Invention content
In order to improve the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance tests
Instrument and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ, to solve existing tensile test device volume in the prior art
Greatly, belong to " ex situ " extension test field, i.e., in the dynamic process of test, it is impossible to by means of scanning electron microscope, draw
The micro-imagings components such as graceful spectrometer, laser confocal microscope, super depth-of-field microscope are to test specimen in tensile loads operating mode
Under, the technical issues of carrying out real-time dynamic monitoring in situ.
A kind of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus, the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics are provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Performance testing apparatus include pedestal and the fixture fixing device being set on pedestal, stretching device, acting force detection apparatus and
Displacement detector；For the fixture fixing device for fixing test specimen to be tested, the fixture fixing device includes fixture
Upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, test specimen are positioned between the fixture upper plate mechanism and fixture lower plate mechanism, the fixture
Lower plate component includes the first fixture lower plate component being arranged in a mutually vertical manner and the second fixture lower plate component, the first fixture lower plate group
Part includes fixture lower plate a arranged in parallel and fixture lower plate b, and the second fixture lower plate component includes arranged in parallel
Fixture lower plate c and fixture lower plate d, the fixture upper plate component includes fixture upper plate a, fixture upper plate b, fixture upper plate c, folder
Have upper plate d, the fixture upper plate a and be located at fixture lower plate a tops, the fixture upper plate b is located above fixture lower plate b, the folder
Tool upper plate c is located above fixture lower plate c, and the fixture upper plate d is located above fixture lower plate d, and clamping is carried out to test specimen；The drawing
It is four to stretch the quantity of device, the stretching device respectively with fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d
It is connected, for applying pulling force and pressure in orthogonal both direction to test specimen；Institute's displacement sensing device quantity is
Four, institute's displacement sensing device is connected respectively with fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d, is used for
Displacement of the test specimen on four direction is measured；The quantity at least two of the acting force detection apparatus, described in two
Acting force detection apparatus is connected respectively with the orthogonal two fixture lower plates, for being mutually perpendicular to test specimen at two
Direction on suffered active force measure.
Preferably, multiple mounting holes are both provided in the fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate, the fixture fixing device is also
Include straight pin and screw, test specimen is mounted between fixture upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, and straight pin sequentially passes through folder
The mounting hole for having the mounting hole of upper plate, test specimen and fixture lower plate plays positioning action, and the screw will sequentially pass through fixture upper plate
Mounting hole, test specimen and fixture lower plate mounting hole tighten fixation to realize test specimen.
Preferably, the fixture fixing device has further included clamp supporting plate and fixture fixed pin, the clamp supporting plate
Quantity at least two, two clamp supporting plates are set to the lower section of two orthogonal fixture lower plates, the folder
Multiple mounting holes are provided in tool support plate, the fixture fixed pin will by the mounting hole on fixture lower plate and clamp supporting plate
The clamp supporting plate and fixture lower plate are fixed, and the clamp supporting plate is fixedly installed on the pedestal.
Preferably, the stretching device include driving unit, big spur bevel gear and with the big straight bevel tooth
Small spur bevel gear a, small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear c and the small straight bevel tooth of wheel intermeshing setting
D is taken turns, the small spur bevel gear a and small spur bevel gear c are arranged in parallel, the small spur bevel gear b, small straight
Tooth conical gear d is arranged in parallel, and the small spur bevel gear a respectively with small spur bevel gear b, small straight bevel
Gear d is mutually perpendicular to；The small spur bevel gear a, small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear c, small straight bevel
Gear d is accordingly connect respectively with leading screw a, leading screw b, leading screw c, leading screw d, and the leading screw a, leading screw b, leading screw c, leading screw d are divided into
It is not connected with fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d accordingly, for driving the fixture lower plate
A, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d are moved axially along direction, so as to fulfill to four axial directions of test specimen
On force.
Preferably, institute's displacement sensing device includes fixed plate, displacement sensor, displacement sensor bearing and support
Plate, the fixed plate and support plate are fixed on the pedestal, and one end of screw is fixedly installed in the fixed plate, leading screw
The other end is connected with each other by the support plate and fixture lower plate, and the support plate is slidably connected with leading screw；The displacement sensing
One end of device bearing is fixed in the fixed plate, and the other end is fixed in the support plate, and institute's displacement sensors are fixed on
On institute's displacement sensors bearing, and institute's displacement sensors are connected with corresponding fixture lower plate, for sensing the fixture
Lower plate is along the displacement on the axis of the screw direction.
Preferably, the acting force detection apparatus include force sensor, the force snesor be located at the support plate and
Between clamp supporting plate, it is used for and is fixedly mounted, and the force snesor and the clamp supporting plate phase with the support plate
Connection, for detecting the magnitude of load of the power suffered by test specimen.
Preferably, the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus has further included heating arrangements, and the heating arrangements are located at
Below the clamp mechanism, for being heated to the test specimen；The heating arrangements include warm table and warm table support
Plate, the warm table are removably attached in the warm table support plate, and the warm table support plate is fixed on the pedestal
On.
Preferably, the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus has further included test specimen standardization and has made instrument, for making
Make standardization test specimen.
Preferably, the test specimen standardization making instrument includes the upper mold seat and die holder vertically set, institute
It states upper mold seat and die holder and passes through straight pin stationary positioned；Stock supporting plate is provided on the die holder, it is pending for placing
Test specimen；Die shank, punch retainer and material fixed plate, the punch retainer and upper mold seat phase are provided on the upper mold seat
Even, the die shank is connected with punch retainer, and across the mounting hole on the upper mold seat, and the die shank is used to control described convex
Mould fixed plate vertically moves, and is connect below the punch retainer by spring with material fixed plate, the punch-pin is consolidated
The side of fixed board towards the die holder is provided with cutter, the installation position of the cutter on fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate
The position setting of mounting hole is consistent.
A kind of micro mechanical property test equipment in situ, the original position Micromechanics are provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Performance test apparatus includes in-situ observation instrument and biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus as described above.
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention using when test specimen to be tested is put into fixture upper plate
It is fixed between component and fixture lower plate component, test specimen is stretched using stretching device, then utilizes acting force detection apparatus
It detects the power on draw direction suffered by test specimen and is become using the size that test specimen on displacement detector detection draw direction generates
Change；It is compact-sized simultaneously as biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention is small, can directly with
Raman spectrometers, XRD, super depth-of-field microscope or light microscope are combined, and realize drilling for the microscopic damage to being tested test specimen
Become and carry out monitoring in situ, the failure mechanism for research material provides reference.With existing equipment equipment volume is big, structure is multiple
The problems such as miscellaneous, somewhat expensive and poor compatibility, is compared, and biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention passes through difference
Load load mode material micro mechanical property test is carried out to material test specimen, and then provide reliable material in situ micro object
Learn performance test.
Original position micro mechanical property test equipment provided by the invention includes in-situ observation instrument and as described above
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution of the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the side view of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the fixture fixing device of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 5 be the driving unit of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention, big spur bevel gear and
The attachment structure schematic diagram of small spur bevel gear；
Fig. 6 is the side view explosive view of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 7 is the front view of the test specimen of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 is that the test specimen standardization of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention makes the side view of instrument
Figure；
Fig. 9 is that the structure of the test specimen standardization making instrument of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention is shown
It is intended to.
Icon：1- pedestals；2- fixture fixed pins；3- fixture lower plates a；4- force snesors a；5- fixed plates a；6- power
Sensor support plate a；7- leading screws a；8- guide rails a；9- clamp supporting plates a；10- fixture upper plates a；11- pedestal support columns；
12- displacement sensor support plates a；13- displacement sensor bearings a；14- displacement sensors a；15- leading screws b；16- is fixed
Plate b；17- guide rails b；18- fixture lower plates b；19- fixture upper plates b；20- fixture lower plates c；21- displacement sensor support plates
b；22- guide rails c；23- leading screws c；24- displacement sensors b；25- fixed plates c；26- displacement sensor bearings b；27- is pressed from both sides
Has upper plate c；28- clamp supporting plates b；29- force snesors b；30- fixed plates d；31- leading screws d；32- force snesors support
Plate b；33- guide rails d；34- fixture lower plates d；35- fixture upper plates d；36-- warm tables；The small spur bevel gear a of 37-；
The big spur bevel gears of 38-；The small spur bevel gear b of 39-；The small spur bevel gear c of 40-；The small spur bevel gears of 41-
d；42- motors；43- die shanks；44- punch retainers；45- springs；46- cutters；47- material fixed plates；48- upper molds
Seat；49- stock supporting plates；50- die holders；51- straight pins；52- test specimens；53- warm table support plates；54- screws；55-
Displacement sensor c；56- displacement sensors d；57- displacement sensor bearings c；58- displacement sensor bearings d.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that described implementation
Example is part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill
Personnel's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term as occur " " center ", " on ", " under ", "left", "right",
" vertical ", " level ", " interior ", " outer " etc., indicated by orientation or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position
Relationship is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description rather than instruction or imply that signified device or element must have
There is specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, as occurred
Term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for description purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " connection " " connects
Connect " it should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected or be integrally connected；It can be machine
Tool is connected or is electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be two members
Connection inside part.For the ordinary skill in the art, can above-mentioned term be understood in the present invention with concrete condition
Concrete meaning.
The present invention provides a kind of biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus and micro mechanical property test equipment in situ, and gives
Go out embodiments thereof.
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention includes pedestal 1 and sets
Fixture fixing device, stretching device, acting force detection apparatus and the displacement detector being placed on pedestal 1；Fixture fixing device
For fixing test specimen 52 to be tested, fixture fixing device includes fixture upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, and test specimen 52 is put
It is placed between fixture upper plate mechanism and fixture lower plate mechanism, fixture lower plate component includes under the first fixture being arranged in a mutually vertical manner
Plate component and the second fixture lower plate component, the first fixture lower plate component include fixture lower plate a3 and fixture arranged in parallel
Lower plate b18, the second fixture lower plate component include fixture lower plate c20 arranged in parallel and fixture lower plate d34, fixture upper plate
Component includes fixture upper plate a10, fixture upper plate b19, fixture upper plate c27, fixture upper plate d35, and fixture upper plate a10 is located at fixture
Above lower plate a3, fixture upper plate b19 is located above fixture lower plate b18, and fixture upper plate c27 is located above fixture lower plate c20, fixture
Upper plate d35 is located above fixture lower plate d34, and clamping is carried out to test specimen 52；The quantity of stretching device is four, stretching device difference
It is connected with fixture lower plate a3, fixture lower plate b18, fixture lower plate c20, fixture lower plate d34, for being mutually perpendicular to test specimen 52
Both direction on apply pulling force and pressure；Displacement detector quantity be four, displacement detector respectively with fixture lower plate
A3, fixture lower plate b18, fixture lower plate c20, fixture lower plate d34 are connected, for displacement of the test specimen 52 on four direction into
Row measures；The quantity at least two of acting force detection apparatus, two acting force detection apparatus respectively with orthogonal two
Fixture lower plate is connected, for test specimen 52, suffered active force to measure in two mutually orthogonal directions.
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention using when test specimen 52 to be tested is put on fixture
It is fixed between plate component and fixture lower plate component, test specimen 52 is stretched using stretching device, is then detected using active force
Device is detected the power on draw direction suffered by test specimen 52 and is generated using test specimen 52 on displacement detector detection draw direction
Change in size；Simultaneously as biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention is small, and it is compact-sized, it can
To be directly combined with Raman spectrometers, XRD, super depth-of-field microscope or light microscope, realize to being tested the micro- of test specimen 52
The differentiation for seeing damage carries out monitoring in situ, and the failure mechanism for research material provides reference.With existing equipment equipment volume
Greatly, the problems such as complicated, somewhat expensive and poor compatibility, is compared, biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention
Material micro mechanical property test carries out material test specimen 52, and then provide reliable material by different load load modes
Micro mechanical property test in situ.
As shown in figure 4, being both provided with multiple mounting holes in fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate, fixture fixing device has further included
Straight pin 51 and screw 54, test specimen 52 are mounted between fixture upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, and straight pin 51 sequentially passes through
The mounting hole of the mounting hole of fixture upper plate, test specimen 52 and fixture lower plate plays positioning action, and screw 54 will be sequentially passed through on fixture
The mounting hole of the mounting hole of plate, test specimen 52 and fixture lower plate tightens the fixation to realize test specimen 52.The sample totality ruler of test specimen 52
Very little 60 × 60mm of size, fixture upper plate a10 and fixture lower plate a3, fixture upper plate b19 and fixture upper plate b19, fixture upper plate c27 and
It is positioned between fixture lower plate c20, fixture upper plate d35 and fixture lower plate d34 by straight pin 51 and screw 54 is fixed,
Test specimen 52 is mounted between fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate, and mounting hole, the test specimen 52 of fixture upper plate are sequentially passed through by straight pin 51
It is positioned with the mounting hole of fixture lower plate, while the locking of test specimen 52 is tightened to realize by screw 54, thus forms test specimen
52 clamping structure.It is laid out using tile arrangement, helps mutually to be compatible with other commercialized material property characterization instrument and equipments；
Simultaneously using the fixture fixing device of designed, designed, the size of fixture can be replaced according to the size of test test specimen 52 so that clamping
More rationally, experimental result is more accurate.
Fixture fixing device has further included clamp supporting plate and fixture fixed pin 2, and the quantity of clamp supporting plate is at least two
A, two clamp supporting plates are set to the lower section of two orthogonal fixture lower plates, are provided on clamp supporting plate multiple solid
Determine hole, fixture fixed pin 2 is fixed clamp supporting plate and fixture lower plate by the mounting hole on fixture lower plate and clamp supporting plate,
Clamp supporting plate is fixedly installed on pedestal 1.Preferably, the fixture upper plate component in fixture fixing device and fixture lower plate component
And clamp supporting plate is connected through a screw thread above pedestal 1, therefore convenient disassembly, interchangeability is good.1 lower section of pedestal is provided with
Pedestal support column 11 is used to support pedestal 1.
As shown in figure 5, stretching device include driving unit, big spur bevel gear 38 and with big spur bevel gear 38
It is intermeshed small spur bevel gear a37, small spur bevel gear b39, small spur bevel gear c40 and the small straight-tooth circle of setting
Bevel gear d41, small spur bevel gear a37 and small spur bevel gear c40 is arranged in parallel, small spur bevel gear b39,
Small spur bevel gear d41 is arranged in parallel, and small spur bevel gear a37 respectively with small spur bevel gear b39, small straight
Tooth conical gear d41 is mutually perpendicular to；Small spur bevel gear a37, small spur bevel gear b39, small spur bevel gear c40,
Small spur bevel gear d41 is accordingly connect respectively with leading screw a7, leading screw b15, leading screw c23, leading screw d31, leading screw a7, leading screw
B15, leading screw c23, leading screw d31 again respectively correspondingly with fixture lower plate a3, fixture lower plate b18, fixture lower plate c20, fixture lower plate
D34 is connected, for driving fixture to lower plate a3, fixture lower plate b18, fixture lower plate c20, fixture lower plate d34 along direction axis
To movement, so as to fulfill to the force on 52 4 axial directions of test specimen.
Further, leading screw a7, leading screw b15, leading screw c23, be correspondingly arranged that there are four lead on leading screw d31 same axials direction
Rail：Guide rail a8, guide rail b17, guide rail c22, guide rail d33, it is ensured that guide screw movement direction.
Displacement detector includes fixed plate, displacement sensor, displacement sensor bearing and support plate, fixed plate and branch
Fagging is fixed on pedestal 1, and one end of screw is fixedly installed in fixed plate, and the other end of leading screw passes through under support plate and fixture
Plate is connected with each other, and support plate is slidably connected with leading screw；One end of displacement sensor bearing is fixed in fixed plate, and the other end is fixed
On the supporting plate, displacement sensor is fixed on displacement sensor bearing, and displacement sensor is connected with corresponding fixture lower plate
It connects, for sensing fixture lower plate along the displacement on the axis of screw direction.The quantity of displacement detector is four, displacement
Sensor support base a13, displacement sensor bearing b26, displacement sensor bearing c57 and displacement sensor bearing d58 respectively with position
Displacement sensor a14, displacement sensor b24, displacement sensor c55 are connected with displacement sensor d56, displacement sensor bearing a13,
Displacement sensor bearing b26, displacement sensor bearing c57 and displacement sensor bearing d58 are fixed on pedestal 1, are carried out to surveying
Part 52 of having a try is recorded by the displacement of biaxial stretch-formed stress.
Acting force detection apparatus includes force sensor, and force snesor is used between support plate and clamp supporting plate
And it is fixedly mounted with support plate, and force snesor is connected with clamp supporting plate, for detecting the power suffered by test specimen 52
Magnitude of load.Force snesor includes force sensor a4 and force snesor b29, and force snesor a4 is mounted on force snesor support plate
On a6, force snesor b29 is mounted on force snesor support plate b32, and sensor support plate a6 and force snesor support plate b32 consolidate
It is scheduled on pedestal 1, clamp supporting plate includes clamp supporting plate a9 and clamp supporting plate b28, and force snesor a4 is supported with fixture
Plate a9 is connected, and force snesor b29 is connected with clamp supporting plate b28, is measured by force snesor a4 to clamp supporting plate a9
Extruding force size and force snesor b29 the size of the extruding force of clamp supporting plate b28 is completed to measured material test specimen 52
The record of suffered magnitude of load.
Support plate includes force sensor support plate a6, force snesor support plate b32, displacement sensor support plate a12, position
Displacement sensor support plate b21.Leading screw a7, leading screw b15, leading screw c23, leading screw d31 are divided into not to be passed with force snesor support plate a6, power
Sensor support plate b32, displacement sensor support plate a12, displacement sensor support plate b21 are connected, while again by fixed plate a5, solid
Fixed board b16, fixed plate c25, fixed plate d30 are fixed, so as to fulfill feed motion.
Driving unit can be motor 42, big spur bevel gear 38 be driven to drive the small straight-tooth in bottom four by motor 42
Conical gear rotates, and four small spur bevel gears are connected with corresponding two-way screw pair realizes semi-static load, together
When displacement sensor and force snesor displacement and load are recorded respectively, by the analysis to sensing data, obtain by
The micro mechanical property in situ of test material test specimen 52.It employs simple and feasible motor 42 and drives a big spur bevel gear
38 drive four small spur bevel gear rotation, without the energy loss of lengthy and jumbled transmission link, make integral layout more reasonable, pass
Dynamic steady, the accuracy of transmission efficiency and stress database is improved.Cause biaxial stretch-formed mechanics provided by the invention
Energy test equipment has many advantages, such as that compact-sized, synchronism is good, energy consumption is small, test scope is wide.
As shown in fig. 6, biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus has further included heating arrangements, heating arrangements are located at clamp machine
Below structure, for being heated to test specimen 52；Heating arrangements include warm table 36 and warm table support plate 53, and warm table 36 can
It is removedly fixed in warm table support plate 53, warm table support plate 53 is fixed on pedestal 1.Dismountable warm table 36 can be with
The test specimen 52 of different temperatures requirement material is tested, increases the application range of test equipment.
As shown in figs. 7 to 9, biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus has further included the standardization of test specimen 52 and has made instrument,
Test specimen 52 is standardized for making.The standardization of test specimen 52 is standardized by test specimen 52 makes instrument realization, controls material shape pair
Influence caused by experiment.
Specifically, the standardization of test specimen 52 making instrument includes the upper mold seat 48 vertically set and die holder 50,
Upper mold seat 48 and die holder 50 pass through 51 stationary positioned of straight pin；Stock supporting plate 49 is provided on die holder 50, waits to locate for placing
The test specimen 52 of reason；Be provided with die shank 43, punch retainer 44 and material fixed plate 47 on upper mold seat 48, punch retainer 44 with it is upper
Die holder 48 is connected, and die shank 43 is connected with punch retainer 44, and across the mounting hole on upper mold seat 48, and die shank 43 is used to control convex
Mould fixed plate 44 vertically moves, and 44 lower section of punch retainer is connect by spring 45 with material fixed plate 47, and punch-pin is solid
The side of fixed board 44 towards die holder 50 is provided with cutter 46, the installation position of cutter 46 on fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate
The position setting of mounting hole is consistent.When in use, test specimen 52 is placed on stock supporting plate 49, presses die shank 43 so that punch-pin is fixed
Plate 44 and material fixed plate 47 are moved to 52 direction of test specimen, and material fixed plate 47 fixes test specimen 52, while cutter 46 is to test specimen
52 realize that the mounting hole of standardization is cut.
Further, biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention realizes the connection of each section by screw thread
Fixed, easy for installation, interchangeability is high.
Original position micro mechanical property test equipment provided by the invention includes in-situ observation instrument and as described above
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus.In-situ observation instrument can include Raman spectrometers, XRD, super depth-of-field microscope or
Light microscope etc..
In conclusion biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus provided by the invention using when test specimen 52 to be tested put
Enter and fixed between fixture upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, tensile stress preloads, and big straight bevel is driven by motor 42
Gear 38 drives the four small spur bevel gear rotation in bottom, four small spur bevel gears and corresponding two-way feed screw nut
Semi-static load is realized in pair connection；Simultaneous displacement sensor and force snesor respectively record displacement and load, by right
The analysis of sensing data obtains the micro mechanical property in situ of tested material；The standardization of test specimen 52 is by 52 standard of test specimen
Change and make instrument realization, control material shape is influenced caused by experiment；Compact overall structure, it is small can be with Raman spectrum
Instrument, XRD, super depth-of-field microscope or light microscope are combined, and realize that the differentiation of the microscopic damage to being tested material carries out original
The monitoring of position, the failure mechanism for research material provide reference；The present invention have it is compact-sized, synchronism is good, energy consumption is small, test
The advantages that range is wide, fixture fixing device can be replaced according to the size adjusting of test test specimen 52；Fixture fixing device is using tiling
Topology layout helps mutually to be compatible with other commercialized material property characterization instrument and equipments；Meanwhile dismountable warm table 36
Test specimen 52 can require different temperatures again under carries out Evaluation of Mechanical, breaches the limitation of test scope.
Original position micro mechanical property test equipment provided by the invention includes in-situ observation instrument and as described above
Biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
Can so modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacement, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus, which is characterized in that the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus packet Include pedestal and the fixture fixing device being set on pedestal, stretching device, acting force detection apparatus and displacement detector；The fixture fixing device for fixing test specimen to be tested, the fixture fixing device include fixture upper plate component and Fixture lower plate component, test specimen are positioned between the fixture upper plate mechanism and fixture lower plate mechanism, the fixture lower plate component packet The first fixture lower plate component being arranged in a mutually vertical manner and the second fixture lower plate component are included, the first fixture lower plate component includes phase The fixture lower plate a being mutually arranged in parallel and fixture lower plate b, the second fixture lower plate component include fixture lower plate arranged in parallel C and fixture lower plate d, the fixture upper plate component include fixture upper plate a, fixture upper plate b, fixture upper plate c, fixture upper plate d, institute It states fixture upper plate a to be located above fixture lower plate a, the fixture upper plate b is located above fixture lower plate b, and the fixture upper plate c is located at Above fixture lower plate c, the fixture upper plate d is located above fixture lower plate d, and clamping is carried out to test specimen；The quantity of the stretching device be four, the stretching device respectively with fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, Fixture lower plate d is connected, for applying pulling force and pressure in orthogonal both direction to test specimen；Institute's displacement sensing device quantity be four, institute's displacement sensing device respectively with fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture Lower plate c, fixture lower plate d are connected, for being measured to displacement of the test specimen on four direction；The quantity at least two of the acting force detection apparatus, two acting force detection apparatus respectively with it is orthogonal Two fixture lower plates are connected, for test specimen, suffered active force to measure in two mutually orthogonal directions.
- 2. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixture upper plate and folder Multiple mounting holes are both provided in tool lower plate, the fixture fixing device has further included straight pin and screw, and test specimen is mounted on folder Have between upper plate component and fixture lower plate component, straight pin sequentially passes through the mounting hole of fixture upper plate, test specimen and fixture lower plate Mounting hole plays positioning action, the mounting hole that the screw will sequentially pass through the mounting hole of fixture upper plate, test specimen and fixture lower plate Tighten the fixation to realize test specimen.
- 3. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fixture fixing device Clamp supporting plate and fixture fixed pin, the quantity at least two of the clamp supporting plate, two fixture branch are further included Fagging is set to the lower section of two orthogonal fixture lower plates, and multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamp supporting plate, described Fixture fixed pin is fixed the clamp supporting plate and fixture lower plate by the mounting hole on fixture lower plate and clamp supporting plate, institute Clamp supporting plate is stated to be fixedly installed on the pedestal.
- 4. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the stretching device includes Have driving unit, big spur bevel gear and with the small spur bevel gear a of the big spur bevel gear intermeshing setting, Small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear c and small spur bevel gear d, the small spur bevel gear a and small straight-tooth Conical gear c is arranged in parallel, and the small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear d are arranged in parallel and described Small spur bevel gear a is mutually perpendicular to respectively with small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear d；The small spur bevel gear a, small spur bevel gear b, small spur bevel gear c, small spur bevel gear d are accordingly Connect respectively with leading screw a, leading screw b, leading screw c, leading screw d, the leading screw a, leading screw b, leading screw c, leading screw d again respectively correspondingly with folder Tool lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d are connected, for drive the fixture lower plate a, fixture lower plate b, Fixture lower plate c, fixture lower plate d are moved axially along direction, so as to fulfill to the force on four axial directions of test specimen.
- 5. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute's displacement sensing device Include fixed plate, displacement sensor, displacement sensor bearing and support plate, the fixed plate and support plate are fixed on the bottom On seat, one end of screw is fixedly installed in the fixed plate, and the other end of leading screw passes through the support plate and fixture lower plate phase It connects, the support plate is slidably connected with leading screw；One end of institute's displacement sensors bearing is fixed in the fixed plate, and the other end is fixed in the support plate, described Displacement sensor is fixed on institute's displacement sensors bearing, and institute's displacement sensors are connected with corresponding fixture lower plate, For sensing the fixture lower plate along the displacement on the axis of the screw direction.
- 6. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the active force detection dress Put including force sensor, the force snesor between the support plate and clamp supporting plate, be used for and with the branch Fagging is fixedly mounted, and the force snesor is connected with the clamp supporting plate, for detecting the load of the power suffered by test specimen Lotus size.
- 7. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics Performance testing apparatus has further included heating arrangements, and the heating arrangements are located at below the clamp mechanism, for the test specimen It is heated；The heating arrangements include warm table and warm table support plate, and the warm table is removably attached to the warm table In support plate, the warm table support plate is fixed on the pedestal.
- 8. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the biaxial stretch-formed mechanics Performance testing apparatus has further included test specimen standardization and has made instrument, and test specimen is standardized for making.
- 9. biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the test specimen standardization system It is fixed by straight pin fixation to include the upper mold seat and die holder vertically set, the upper mold seat and die holder as instrument Position；Stock supporting plate is provided on the die holder, for placing pending test specimen；Die shank, punch retainer and material fixed plate are provided on the upper mold seat, the punch retainer is connected with upper mold seat, The die shank is connected with punch retainer, and across the mounting hole on the upper mold seat, and the die shank is used to control the punch-pin Fixed plate vertically moves, and is connect below the punch retainer by spring with material fixed plate, the punch-pin is fixed The side of plate towards the die holder is provided with cutter, the installation position of the cutter and consolidating on fixture upper plate and fixture lower plate The position setting for determining hole is consistent.
- A kind of 10. original position micro mechanical property test equipment, which is characterized in that the original position micro mechanical property test equipment packet In-situ observation instrument and biaxial stretch-formed mechanics performance testing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9 are included.
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| CN109163982A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | A kind of thermal environment bilateral loading equipment and test method |
| CN110501226A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-26 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of biaxial tension-compression strength machine for biomaterial |
| CN112781978A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-11 | 盐城工学院 | In-situ tester for micromechanical property of variable-angle biaxial stretching and thermal field coupling material |
| CN113514319A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-10-19 | 吉林大学 | In-situ static-dynamic fatigue mechanical property testing instrument in scanning electron microscope |
| CN117825122A (en) * | 2023-12-31 | 2024-04-05 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Multi-shape sample double-shaft pre-stretching device and method for dielectric elastomer |
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