CN108243647A - The new method that a kind of Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance - Google Patents
The new method that a kind of Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108243647A CN108243647A CN201810014567.2A CN201810014567A CN108243647A CN 108243647 A CN108243647 A CN 108243647A CN 201810014567 A CN201810014567 A CN 201810014567A CN 108243647 A CN108243647 A CN 108243647A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new methods for being suitable for Midwest coal field dynamic and reclaiming in advance, the present invention combines the Land destruction feature of Subsidence Area, according to mining subsidence theory, using echelon dynamic pre-reclamation method, i.e., following Subsidence Area is divided into three sections, it then, can be according to field width on different sections, block of reclaiming further is divided, is administered successively.Soil is greatly decreased to lie waste the time.
Description
Technical field
Of the present invention is to serve coal field Ecological Civilization Construction needs, is adapted to Midwest plain type mining area, opens
The coal mine subsidence land dynamic for adopting rear earth's surface not ponding is reclaimed new method in advance.
Background technology
Exploitation of coal resources depression results in the destruction of large amount of land resources, has seriously affected the sustainable development in region.
Reclaiming for damage soil also becomes the problem of current in the urgent need to address.After current land reclamation is stablized mainly for depression
Soil is administered, and soil is caused to fall into disuse, and the time is long, and difficulty of governance increases.If can exploitation while, to damage soil and
Shi Zhili can not only control environmental degradation, but also can improve land utilization ratio, to promoting Sustainable Development in Mining Areas will
Play important facilitation.Therefore, the research hotspot that dynamic is reclaimed in advance as the field in recent years, but focus on east Gao Qian more
Water level mining area, it is less to the research of central and west regions.In China in Midwest region of no relief, land use pattern is mostly to plough,
Groundwater level is relatively low, does not occur long-term ponding after subsidence.The slope change and crack that depression is caused, cause nutrient flow
It loses, farmland quality declines.The emphasis of improvement is control land deterioration, reduces soil and falls into disuse the time, is provided for final land reclamation
Basis.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide the new method that a kind of Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, the present invention combines Subsidence Area
Land destruction feature, according to mining subsidence theory, using echelon dynamic pre-reclamation method, following Subsidence Area is divided into three
Then section, on different sections, according to field width, further divides block of reclaiming, is administered, substantially subtracted successively
Few soil lies waste the time.
The technical scheme is that the new method that a kind of Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, includes the following steps
(1) section partition is administered
Following Subsidence Area is divided into three sections, it then, can be according to field width, further on different sections
Division is reclaimed block, is administered successively；
First section (L1)：Open-off cut side depression boundary (S1) to sinker (S under first earth's surface maximum2), length uses
Following formula is estimated：
L1=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (1)
Second section (L2)：Basin part, on principal section is moved towards, sinker (S under first maximum2) to the last one ground
Sinker (S under table maximum3), length is estimated using following formula：
L2=D2=D-D1-D3=D-2*H*ctg (ψ3) (2)
Third section (L3)：Sinker (S under first earth's surface the last one maximum3) to stopping adopting side depression boundary (S4), it is long
Degree estimates that length is identical with the first section using following formula,
L3=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (3)
In formula, L1、L2、L3Horizontal length of respectively first, second, third section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, δ0For side
Boundary angle, ψ3For angle of full subsidence, H coal seams buried depth, D represents coal working face strike length, D1, D2And D3Respective area is represented respectively
Length of the section on bearing；(2) Secondary Reclamation Time selects
First section Secondary Reclamation Time：The open-off cut moment is set as T0=0, stope fltting speed is V, when back production work
It is advanced to Ds1During length, moment T1=Ds1/ V=1.4H/V, works as T1Moment or face advanced distance are more than 1.4H, Ke Yijin
The work of reclaiming of the first section of row；
Second section Secondary Reclamation Time：Distance away from stope is more than H*ctg (ψ3) basin bottom part point can be answered
It cultivates, if it is considered that the length of field, the first field Secondary Reclamation Time of the second section can be calculated according to the following formula：
T21=T1+Dt1/V (3)
In formula, Dt1For length of first field on section is moved towards, follow-up field, and so on；
Third section Secondary Reclamation Time：It is calculated according to the following formula：
T3=T2In+1.4H/V formulas, T2It reclaims the end time for the second section
(3) reclamation measures design
It for first and third section, is reclaimed using terrace-type, the section structure of terraced fields can be according to the additional of depression generation
The gradient is calculated, and the additional gradient that depression generates can calculate according to the following formula：
α=arctag (W0/L1)(deg) (4)
In formula, α is the gradient, W caused by depression0For earth's surface maximum sinking value；
The management measure of depression in the second section ground, should fragment carry out, reach maximum value to moving towards and being inclined to
Basin bottom part point, using prepartion of land mode inside field, eliminate local elevation difference, it is smooth to reach field face；Due to being inclined to
There are still certain hillside fields in this section of direction, administering method with the first section, terraced fields field face layout as far as possible with the firstth area
Section linking；
Third section administers analytic process with the first section.
The present invention can reduce the uncultivated time in soil, the conservation of soil and water, keep the productivity in soil, realize " while opening
Side is adopted to reclaim " target.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that echelon dynamic is reclaimed section partition schematic diagram in advance.
In figure：A coal seams location of starting cut；B is coal seam Ting Cai positions；D represents coal working face strike length；L1It is first
Horizontal length of the section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, D1Expression and L1Walking upward length in the corresponding coal seam of section；L2It is second
Horizontal length of the section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, D2Expression and L2Walking upward length in the corresponding coal seam of section；L3For third
Horizontal length of the section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, D3Expression and L3Walking upward length in the corresponding coal seam of section；δ0For boundary
Angle, ψ3For angle of full subsidence, H coal seams buried depth.S1, S2, S3, S4, represent the separation of each section, wherein S1And S4It is influenced for depression
Boundary point, wherein S2And S3Basin bottom boundaries point for subsidence basin.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the new method that a kind of Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, includes the following steps that (1) administers section
It divides
With reference to the Land destruction feature of Subsidence Area, according to mining subsidence theory, the present invention uses the echelon dynamic side of reclaiming in advance
Method, that is, following Subsidence Area is divided into three sections, then, on different sections, can further be drawn according to field width
Divide block of reclaiming.It is administered successively.As shown in Figure 1.
First section (L1)：Open-off cut side depression boundary (S1) to sinker (S under first earth's surface maximum2).Using following formula
Estimate its length on principal section is moved towards.
L1=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (1)
In formula, L1For horizontal length of first section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, δ0For rim angle, ψ3For angle of full subsidence,
H coal seams buried depth.
Second section (L2)：Basin part, on principal section is moved towards, sinker (S under first maximum2) to the last one ground
Sinker (S under table maximum3).Length is estimated using following formula：
L2=D2=D-D1-D3=D-2*H*ctg (ψ3) (2)
In formula, L2For horizontal length of second section on the principal section of Subsidence Area.ψ3For angle of full subsidence, H coal seams buried depth, D
Represent coal working face strike length, D1, D2And D3Length of the respective section on bearing is represented respectively.
Third section (L3)：Sinker (S under first earth's surface the last one maximum3) to stopping adopting side depression boundary (S4).It is long
Degree is identical with the first section.
L3=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (3)
In formula, L3For horizontal length of the third section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, δ0For rim angle, ψ3For angle of full subsidence,
H coal seams buried depth.
(2) Secondary Reclamation Time selects
First section Secondary Reclamation Time.According to dynamic depression theory and site observation date, open and cut when stope distance
The length D of eyes1During=1.4*H (H coal seams buried depth), first maximum sinking value of subsidence basin is close to theoretical maximum (W0), this
Locate value 0.98W0.The open-off cut moment is set as T0=0, stope fltting speed is V.Then when actual mining is advanced to Ds1
During length, at this time at the time of T1=Ds1/ V=1.4H/V.Due to follow-up residual deformation (0.02W0) when needing persistently considerably long
Between, if waiting complete stabilities, need to fall into a long wait, soil is caused to fall into disuse, quality degradation.So work as T1Moment (or work
Face advance distance is more than 1.4H), the work of reclaiming of the first section can be carried out.
Second section Secondary Reclamation Time.According to exploitation mining subsidence deformation rule, during trends exploitation, when exploitation length
After reaching sufficient mining, sinker is constantly moved forward with the propulsion of working face under earth's surface maximum.It can be approximately considered, reach
After super sufficient mining, the distance of follow-up maximum lower sinker lag coal working face is H*ctg (ψ3).Therefore, away from actual mining
The distance in face is more than H*ctg (ψ3) basin bottom part point can reclaim.If it is considered that the length of field, the first of the second section
Field Secondary Reclamation Time can be calculated according to the following formula：
T21=T1+Dt1/V (3)
In formula, Dt1For the length on section is moved towards of the first field, follow-up field, and so on.
Third section Secondary Reclamation Time.This section, which may be considered, to stop adopting rear landform movement and deformation coverage.Secondary Reclamation Time
It can be calculated according to the following formula：
T3=T2+1.4H/V
In formula, T2It reclaims the end time for the second section.
(3) reclamation measures design
For first and third section, positioned at the edge of subsidence basin, different parts depression depth is different, and earth's surface occurs one
Grade.Such section, is reclaimed using terrace-type.The section structure of terraced fields can be counted according to the additional gradient that depression generates
It calculates.The additional gradient that depression generates can calculate according to the following formula：
α=arctag (W0/L1)(deg) (4)
In formula, α is the gradient caused by depression,
W0For earth's surface maximum sinking value
It is required according to terrace construction technology, it is with carrying out depression terraced set forth herein following standard with reference to relevant achievement in research
Field is reclaimed design.
1 terraced fields of table are reclaimed cross dimensions table
It is less than 10 ° in view of the additional gradient that general region of no relief depression generates, so not having herein to the hillside fields for releasing souls from purgatory 10 °
It is related to.In addition, terrace construction using level terraced field based on, if it is considered that residual settlement, can build the reversed terrace within 1 °.
The management measure of depression in the second section ground, should fragment carry out.Reach maximum value to moving towards and being inclined to
Basin bottom part point, using prepartion of land mode inside field, eliminate local elevation difference, it is smooth to reach field face.Due to being inclined to
There are still certain hillside fields in aspect this section, administering method with the first section, terraced fields field face layout as far as possible with the firstth area
Section linking.
Third section administers analytic process with the first section.
(4) points for attention
(1) before developing programs, the emotionally condition of adopting moved towards and be inclined to is analyzed first, if trend is not achieved fully
It adopts, administering layout should be changed.
(2) opportunity is administered other than considering mining subsidence factor, and the season of growth of crop should also be considered.Work of reclaiming is done
Fortunately after crops harvesting, the not field time carries out.
(3) earth's surface deformation process is complicated, it is proposed that treating that Subsidence Area sets monitoring point, compared before reclaiming practical sinking in advance
Meter sinking obtains difference, is properly reclaimed opportunity according to monitor value selection.Analysis of cases
Certain mining area is located at the Shanxi Province southeast, ground elevation H0=900m, topography are flat.Mine mainly exploits 3# coal seams,
Coal seam mean obliquity α=4 ° belong to flat seam, coal seam buried depth H=320m, coal seam average thickness m=6.5m.Design uses
Fully mechanized mining method is mined, and caving method management top plate simulates the long L=2200m of coal working face, width D=300m working faces push away
Into speed V=2m/d, subsidence factor q=0.86, δ0=67 °, ψ3=72 °.The T between exploitation at the moment0=0.It is managed according to mining subsidence
Refer to it is mentioned above go out river harnessing ideas, calculate the critical technical parameter reclaimed in advance of working face dynamic.
(1) first section
First section is in earth surface length：L1=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3)=240m
Administer the time：T1=1.4*320/2=224 (d)
The working face moves towards and tendency reaches sufficient mining, and earth's surface maximum sinking value can be calculated according to the following formula：
W0=m*q*cos α=5.58m
The additional gradient that depression generates：
α=arctag (W0/L1)=2.35 °
Control measures is used to reclaim for terrace-type, wherein terraced fields field face width 30m, the high 1m of the raised path through fields, 85 ° of the raised path through fields gradient.
(2) second sections
The length L of second section2=1992m.Because the second section is longer, so being further subdivided into four blocks, each
Section 500m or so, the first block L21The improvement time：
T21=T1+Dt1/ V=224+500/2=474 (d)
Because in this section, trend and tendency reach super sufficient mining, and basin part is carried out using prepartion of land mode
It administers.The field width of basin part can use following formula approximate calculation：D=300-2*104=92m.It is inclined to the management of sloping land in direction
Measure is the same as the first section.
(3) third section
Strike length is the same as the first section L3=240m administers time T3=224+1992/2+224=1444 (d), improvement are arranged
It applies with the first section.
(4) performance analysis
It is administered according to traditional mode, needs to be answered after waiting for entire working face mining completion and subsidence stabilization
It cultivates.For present case, conventional method needs to administer after waiting for 5.2 years.Dynamic pre-reclamation method is after 0.6 year, you can
Carry out and administer, reduce the uncultivated 4.6 years time.Illustrate that dynamic pre-reclamation method can be greatly decreased soil and lie waste the time.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of new method that Midwest coal field dynamic is reclaimed in advance, it is characterized in that including the following steps：
(1) section partition is administered
Following Subsidence Area is divided into three sections, then, on different sections, can further be divided according to field width
It reclaims block, is administered successively；
First section (L1)：Open-off cut side depression boundary (S1) to sinker (S under first earth's surface maximum2), length uses following formula
Estimation：
L1=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (1)
Second section (L2)：Basin part, on principal section is moved towards, sinker (S under first maximum2) to the last one earth's surface most
Sinker (S lower greatly3), length is estimated using following formula：
L2=D2=D-D1-D3=D-2*H*ctg (ψ3) (2)
Third section (L3)：Sinker (S under first earth's surface the last one maximum3) to stopping adopting side depression boundary (S4), length is adopted
It is estimated with following formula, length is identical with the first section,
L3=H*ctg (δ0)+H*ctg(ψ3) (3)
In formula, L1、L2、L3Horizontal length of respectively first, second, third section on the principal section of Subsidence Area, δ0For rim angle,
ψ3For angle of full subsidence, H coal seams buried depth, D represents coal working face strike length, D1, D2And D3Represent respective section in coal respectively
Layer walks upward length；
(2) Secondary Reclamation Time selects
First section Secondary Reclamation Time：The open-off cut moment is set as T0=0, stope fltting speed is V, when actual mining pushes away
Enter Ds1During length, moment T1=Ds1/ V=1.4H/V, works as T1Moment or face advanced distance are more than 1.4H, can carry out the
The work of reclaiming of one section；
Second section Secondary Reclamation Time：Distance away from stope is more than H*ctg (ψ3) basin bottom part point can reclaim, such as
Fruit considers the length of field, and the first field Secondary Reclamation Time of the second section can be calculated according to the following formula：
T21=T1+Dt1/V (3)
In formula, Dt1For length of first field on section is moved towards, follow-up field, and so on；
Third section Secondary Reclamation Time：It is calculated according to the following formula：
T3=T2In+1.4H/V formulas, T2It reclaims the end time for the second section
(3) reclamation measures design
It for first and third section, is reclaimed using terrace-type, the section structure of terraced fields can be according to the additional gradient of depression generation
It is calculated, the additional gradient that depression generates can calculate according to the following formula：
α=arctag (W0/L1)(deg) (4)
In formula, α is the gradient, W caused by depression0For earth's surface maximum sinking value；
The management measure of depression in the second section ground, should fragment carry out, reach the basin of maximum value to moving towards and being inclined to
Bottom point using prepartion of land mode inside field, eliminates local elevation difference, it is smooth to reach field face；Due in tendency direction
There are still certain hillside fields, administering method in this section to hold in the mouth with the first section, terraced fields field face layout with the first section as far as possible
It connects；
Third section administers analytic process with the first section.
2. the new method that coal field dynamic in Midwest as shown in claim 1 is reclaimed in advance, it is characterized in that, step (3) terraced fields
Section structure is：When depression, which adds gradient a, is spent for 1-5, field face width be 30-40m, raised path through fields height be 1.0-2.3m, the raised path through fields
The gradient is 70-85 degree.
3. the new method that coal field dynamic in Midwest as shown in claim 1 is reclaimed in advance, it is characterized in that, step (3) terraced fields
Section structure is：When depression, which adds gradient a, is spent for 5-10, field face width be 20-30m, raised path through fields height be 1.5-4.3m, the raised path through fields
The gradient is 55-75 degree.
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| CN112685824A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-04-20 | 西安科技大学 | Terrace type reclamation parameter optimization method considering mining subsidence deformation |
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| CN108243647B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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